holding possession of the snmo with a
forco of less than 20,(100 good and well
disciplined men. Thin opinion wan con
curred in by all tbe officers of his com
niand. and their memoranda on the sub-
further west inject were made enclosures of Maj. Ander.
i V,rgin.a, a, a place called Shannon ffX
lin which several Virginians are reported ,, ,,i M.iinr Anderson in oninion.
he took lull
1 cd. The next day Gen rattcrson pursuod
1 them as far as Martinsburg, where he was
A rimninf fieht ftlsO Occurred
i r 1
samo iy izna
on
the
inst..)
however,
lin which sevorul Virg
killed, wounded and taken prisoners. On reflection.
v: ..... unnriiul in i Im v oinitv tmin. consulting Wl.n oilier oiucors,
... , imi.. : .. ... J both of tho army and navy, and at tbo
EBgS3 PT . ""-I VX. ,,: lendoflour days, came reluctantly but do-
CLEARFIELD, PA
i i, North Carolina, Tennessee and Arkan
sas the Union sentiment was nearly re
pressed and silenced. The course taken
in Virginia was tlio most remarkable,
perhaps the most important. A conven
tion, elocted by the people of that State
to consider this very question of disrupt
ing the Federal Union, wus in session at
i. .(ii.iinl of Vireiniawhcn i'ort Sumter
r..M Tn tlii liixlv thencoplo hat
! .'. :..:in...LLul l'ninn mon 'sovereignty
aiJLi immediately at the fall of Fort States me now every where practically re
Sumter many members of that majority
went over to tho original disunion niiuor-
upon tlio subjec'., and if any, what, isbub i the now Stato framed their const iltitiona
milled entirely to the better judgement before they entere 1 tho Union j noverlho.
ol Congress, l lie loruearance 01 inis'iov less, iiopminii upon picpurncry tocoro.
crnment had been so extraordinary and ing into the Union. I nquestior.nbly th
so long continuod as to lead some foreign Sutes have tho power and rights reservwj
nations to shape their actions a if they ; to them in and by the national constiifc
supposed the early destruction of our N'a,- j tion. J?ut among these surely are not irfi
tional Union was probable. W'hilo this,' elude ! ull oonceivublo powers howevef
on discovery, nave tlio txecutive sorae;
To this body thepeoplo had chosen concern, lie is now Happy to say mat me
. .. ' . . I IT-: I unuurniiin V llllll rilillK Ol tllO I IlltCCl
Wednetday Morning July 101861.
faVMrTTportion of our paper
ii taken up with tho President's message to tlie
EitraBesiioa of Congress.
It U claimed si the production of Mr. lancmn
himself, and that he did not permit any membor
of his Cabinet to assist him in any part of It.
After perusing It, many of our readers will doubt
less think that "self-respect" w ill prompt these
gentlemen to take special pains to have this fact
universally circulated.
It is fair to stato, however, that wo ejpy from
the Pittsburg roil, to which paper it was trans
milted by telegraph, and iii tho hurry ofdof patch
ing and putting in typo, many errors nmy liavo
thus occurred. But this would not account for
many of its defects as a Stato paper emanating
from the Kxoculivo of the United Mates.
Wo are far from wishing to fiud fuult with it,
Would that we could endorso its every sentence.
Hut wefeclincli ned to forgive all bis errors, even
thst of claiming for the Executive the right to
do any thing that Congress is required to do, and
for failim;, in this message, to denounce in ad-
van -e, any measure of Compromise that may be
proposed : but on the contrary, and as if he had a
lingering hope that our sore troubles might poi
silly bo terminated by compromise as if he
could notcloso this document otherwise or as if
for fear that ofAr mijht orjcr it, ho mentions
the good word.
With our heart of hearts, we thaak him for it.
What a Pitv. One of the writon for
tho Journal, in its last issue one we pre
lum -lin had recently been east of tho
Mountains--says, "It is annoying for any
of ourloval citizens, travelling abroad, to
have a copy of the Clearfield Republican,
stuck under their nose"," f c.
We pity the poor crcaturo, and suggest
that lie had better not venture abroad
again.
Hut the writer spoaks of "our loyal cit
izens." The inference is plain that there
are citizens who aro not "loyal." Now ae
have only to say, that the editors, publish
ers and writers connected with the Jom
nal, if they possess tho spirit of men, will
cither TOINT OUT, NAME and ntUVE
TO BE GUILTY, those of our cit
jzons who aro Hot loyal ; or else, by their
ailonco, confess that they are the TUULIC
HI.ANDKRER3 of tho community from
whom they get thfcir bread.
The Sinews of War.
M;tv?YMeaiJjie,i:i:t;,i.ori,eJ.
per pound be laid upon brown sugar, 3c.
. per pound on clayed sugar. 4c. per pound
on loaf, and oilier refined sugars, 2J c.
Tor pound on tho syrupof sugar cano, Cc.
per pound on candy, C e. per gallon or.
molasses, and 4 c. per gallon on sour mo
lasses, 5 c. per pound on coffee, 13 c. per
pound on black lea, and 20 c. per pouud
on green tea. In addition to which a di
rect tax is recommended, which, a friend
who has been making some figurosn the
subject, would require Clearfield county
to fork over the snug litt'.e sum of about
35,000.
1-.I1.. 4 dl., fitiiMilaimi siu Itftfrt
I'Hlt'll I V IU biia nituiu vwnviuoiuii iv. - - - ... .
lack him at Laurel Hill on the 4th with n ji0 s0 stated, at the same time, thura ity, and with them adopted an oniinanco
force of 19 (WO men. was not sulllclent forco then at the con- lor withdrawing t io.-iaic no...
torce oi i V w men. ( eovernmcnl, or could bo raised Whether this chango was wrought by
There is nothing of importance to re. , ro o rt fc""c" n , u'u;. r ... Bppr0val cf llioosaault upon Sum-
port from any other quarter, except that, . , ., nrnv1nn. :n (iin rQrt ter. or tho creit resentment at the Gov
every thing in the vicinity of Washington
indicated a forward movement.
Why don't they Arrest Him !
From Iht ClrnrfieU
Journal of .line bth, '01.
J. C. UncKinmca.
The, news from Ken
tucky ncain encourages
tuose who yet believe in 11 o ciock.
an extensivo Union The following Sina
movcinent iu tlio liar- tors jrere present:
der t'lates. Kentuuk- Misrs. Anthony. Hay
ians now in Washington ord, llinghatu, liKKCK
say tho Stiito will re INK1UUK. It right,
muin loyal. H Is nut Chandler, Clark, t'ulla-
l.Ai:.......l !... C.n.l.Jmn. P.tt.n n 1 1 i ti tn t )nn
Iireckiuriilire will dare, little, 1'essenden, Foot, 1
show his hcud at tho cx-Kostcr, Crimes, llnle,
trn session of Congress.. Ilnrlan, Jlarris, Howe,
There is evidencein tho Johnson (Tenn ), Ken
kiimls of tho Union menlneily, King.I.ane (Ind.),
of Kentucky w h 1 c Ii I.iitiitim, .Morrill, Nes-
would hang him if tlio!iuith, l'earce, l'olk, l'ow
mischievions or destructive ; but at mod
such only ns aro known in the world tt
tliA time as governmental powers, and
certainly a power to destroy tlio Govern.,
ment itsell had never known lis goverrt
moiit'il niervly udministrutivo poer,
This relative uialtor of National power and
State rights us a principal, is no other
than the prilicplo of generality and local
Ity, Whatever cofic;rns the whole should
be confided to tin whohj BClieral govern
Ftom iht rhiladtlpkia
?rtn, July ilh, '61.
SexAtk. The Sonnte
was callod to order by
the Vice President at
spocted by foreign powers, and a general
sympathy with tlio country is manifested
throughout the world. Tho Keports of tho
Secretary of the Treasury, War and the
Navy, will givo the information in detail
deemed necessary and eonvenrunt for your
deliberation and action, while the Execu-
. Ml . 1 .1 . I
would bo exhausted. In a purely military ernmonfs r.atanco to tl t aaul . , - . . t . exelu.ively Z
point of View, this reduced tho duty f important State: This is all therein of origin
the administration in tho case to the mere "b'1 Sr you to know. It is now recommended principle about it. Whether tho Nufion
matter of getting the garrison afly out a voto o f tl o eoP e o bo taken on a .1 y j Con'stitutiolli m dcfii
o: tno ion. it was " iioBo.j--., ...v . ..y . . ... ' -v-, L , h .pplie.t tlio piincipl,
that so to abandon that position, under. tant, the Convention and the n'.t.nil . thfl control of the Govern- with exact accu.acv U not to be ,uestin
.1.1 i - a i n in im i wna ii ii-ri hi si'sshiiiii t i u nu i v . J" r,,,vl " . . .i ... t . ...
time and place with leading men of the
Stato, not members of cither, immediate'
ell, Salisbury, beriunn,
Simmons, biitiiner. Ten
Kyck, Thomson, Trum
buil, Wade, Wilkinson,
and Wilson.
government were to
think it best to uiako an
example of him. lie
hna been in correspon
dence with the rebel
camp, having made of
fers of help from Ken
tucky. 1 1 o is most
clearly guilty of treason
against tho government,
and under such circum
stances will hardly have
tho effrontery to take
his teat in tho Semite to
make laws for tho coun
try ho is plotting a-gainst.
Wo iopo the editors of tho Journal will
stir up tho authorities at Washington, or
call them to a strict account for neglect of
duty. This will never do. Our country
will be tiifrce as ourfathm intended it should
be if tho gng and tlio halter is not applied
moro vigorously.
1RESFkXT'SMESS AG E.
xv - -
DELIVERED JULY 5th 1861, AT AN
EX T MX SKSS ION O V COX ( i J ! KSS.
Ft llnw Cituenx of the Senate and
Iiue of Jleprf Mutative:
II iving been convened on an extraordi
nary occasion, as authorized by the Con
stitution, your attention is not called to
any ordinary subjsct of legislation. At
the beginning of the present Presidential
term, four months ago, the functions of
the Foderal Government were found to
be genorally suspended within the tor end
Sta.tra.of South Carolina. Georcia. Alaba.
liepartment. Within these S-atcs, the
the circumstances, would be utterly ruin
ous-that the necessity under which it
was to bo done would not be fully under
stood that by many it would be constru
ed as a part of voluntary policy: that at
home it would discourago mo menus o.
the Union, embolden its adversaries, tnd
go far to ensure to the latter a recogni
tion abroad ; that, in fact, it would be our
national destruction. Consummated. this
could not bo allowed. Starvation was not
yet upon the garrison, and ero it would
bo reached, Fort 1'ickens might be rein
forced. This last would ho a clear indi
cation of policy, and would bettor enable
the country to accept tho evacuation of
Fort Sumter as a military necessity. An
order was at once directed to bo sent for
the landing ol the troops from the steam
ship Brooklyn into Fort 1'ickens. This
order could not go by land, but must take
the longer ami slower route by sea. The
first return news from the order was re
ceived but ono week beforo the fall of
Fort Sumter. The news itself was, that
the officers commanding the Sabine, to
whie'u vessel tho troops had been trans
ferred from tho Kro'iklyn, acting upon
some quasi arinistieo of tho late adminis
tration, and of tlio existence of which the
nresent administration tin to tho time tho
order was dispatched, had only two vaguo
and uncertain I llinois to fix attention-
had refused to land the troo.is to now re,
info.ee Fort l'ickciu before a crisis would
bo reached at Fort Sumter was impossi
ble, rendered so by the near cxhaustation
of provision in tho latter named fort in
precaution against such aconjuncturc.thc
government had, a few days before, com-
mcncpn preparing an exju-uumu, u nun
adapted as might be, to relieve Fort Sum
ter, which expedition was intended to be
alternately used or not. According to
circumstances the strongest anticipated
case for using it was presented, and it wus
resolvod to send it forward. As lnd been
intended in this contingency it was also
resolved to nrtify tho Governor of South
Carolina that he might expect an attempt
would be mado to provision tho fort, and
that if the attempt should not be resisted
there would bo no effort to throw in men,
arms or ammunition w ithout further no
tice, or in caso of an attack upon tho fort.
This notice was aecoidincly given.
whereupon the foil was attacked and torn
bsroed to its fall, without oven n vaiting
ly commenced acting as if tlio Mate wero
already out of tho Union. They pushed
military preparations vigorously forward
all over tho Stato ; they seized tho U. S.
Armory at Harpers Terry and tho xsavy
Yard at josiiort, near Norfolk. They re
ceived, perhaps invited, into their Stato
large bodies ol troops, wr.n ineir wanio
appointments, from tlio so called seceited
Slates. 1 hey formally entered inio n
treaty of tempor. rv alliance and co opera
tion with tlio so called Confederated Slates
and sent members to their Cangtess at
Moiilgomeiy, and finally they permitted
tho insurrectionary government to. be
transferred to their capital at Kichmond.
The people of Virginia have thus allowed
this giant insurrection to make its nest
within her borders, and this Government
has no choice left but to deal with it
where it finds it, nnd it has tho less re
irret as tho loyal citizens have in dni form
i .... i j... ....:.. i....i
Claimed us pruieviiuu. i njjm .m
zens this Government is bound to protect
ns beimr Vircinia. As in tho JSorder
von ill;
' .. . , . 1 . . f 1 I 1
ment tor tlio woik, at least, lour uunureu
thousand men and four rundred millions
of dollars. That number ol men is about
one -tenth of those of proper ages within
the legions where apparently all are will-
ing to engage, and tlio sum is less than a
twenty-thud part of tho money value'
owned by tho men who seem ready to de
vote the wholo. A debt of six hundred!
o 1. Wo are bound by that defining with
out question. What is now com bat ted U
the position that Secession is consistent
with the Constitution ; is lawful and pence,
ful, It is not contended tl.ni thereisanv
ex pi ess law for it, nr.d nothing should ev.
er be implied as law which leads tounjiui
or absurd consequences.
I lio Nation purchased with money the
million of dollars now is a less sum per countries out nt which several ol these
head than was the debt of our revolution States were made. Js it just that they shall
when we came out of that struggle, nnd ' go otl' without leave and without refund
the money value in the country n jw bears ing ? The nation paid very large sums in
even a greater proportion to what it was the aggregate, I beliuve of a hundred mil
then than does tho population. Surely lion to relieve Floiida of the aborigine
each man has as strong a motive now to tribes. Is it just that she should new go
preserve our libji ties as each had then to 'oil' without consent, or without making
estallish them. juny return. The nation is now in debt
A right re.-ult at this time will be worth .for money applied to t lie benefit of these
more to the world than ten times the so called seceded States in common with
men and ten times the money. The cvi- the rest. Is it just, either, that creditors
denee reaching us from the country leaves hill go unpaid, or the remaining State
no doubt that the material for the work is . pay the whole. 1'iii t of tho present Ns
abundant, and that it needs only the hand tiona! debt was contracted to pay the
of legislation to givo it legal sanction, and old debts of Texas. Is it just that she
the hand of the Executive to give it prac
tical shape and clliciency. One of the
V . . .... ... 1 . . I l .... 1- It... I ..,...,n.At in
States so callod in fact tho middle States .grciuesi perplexities u. uieuuicinuienns
there are thoso who favor on armed to avoid receiving troops faster than pro-
I. .111.. iun,, im.unmflliluovl.nlta Ivilll'd fill' tllClll. Ill Ik WOl'd, tllO people
1,. kill mil i , .in., if. ...... ....... . . .. - . -
to prevent the Union forces passing one will save their Govertrnenl, if the Gov- thi mcf tins snge view of ours when we bur
..! tl.n .liminion I ho nl In-, ovpr their eminent it self will do its rart only indif- rowed their money If wo now recogniw
soil this' won hi be disunion completed. I IWenlly well. It might seem, at first ' this doctrine by allowing the secedws to
Fieurativclv sreakinc it would be the thought, to be ol little ditleience whether.go in peace, it is dilhcult to seo wlint we
buildiii!! un of an impn-sablo wall along the present movement at the f-outti he 'can do ir others choose
..C I . . C ii . ' ...I . II ... ll.. ... , I ........ ..-I.'.il. l.nn
tho line ol separanon, nnd vet not mute cuueu secession or rrarniun, um iuuv-i.-, n-i mi uhim n nu n .m -
an impassable one, for, under the guizeor however, well understood tho dillerer.ee
neutrality, it would tio tho hands of the .H th beginning; they knew they could
Union men, and lieely p.ts supplies Irom never raise uieir iit-ii-eii u anj iu.-jii.i i.i-
lilc inniiiiiiuiie i y any name wnicii liupnes
:i violation ol law. 1 hey knew their poo-
shall leave, and pay no part of this her.
self ? Again, if one State may seceile, jo
may another, and when all shall have se
ceded mile is left Id pay the debts. Is (hit
quite jn.-t to creditors r t'ld we notify
. I .MM. .V.A. Vmmi
the reduction of Fort Sumter
was in no
forts, arsenal. i!;ckyarJs, custom house ;scn?c a mailer of sclf-dc'ence on ll.o part
...im .lie ime, inciiuung the movable and
stationary property in and about them,
hnd been seized and wore held in open
hostility to this Government, excepting
only forts Tickens, Taylor and Jefferson
or. and near the Florida const, ard Fort
Sumter in Charleston harlior, South Car
olina. The forts thus seized had been
put in an improved condition, new ones
had been built, and armed forces had
been organized and were organizing all
avowedly with some hostile purpose The
ions romiuning in the possession ol the
of the assailants. They well knetv that
tno garrison in the lort could by nopossi-
iniity commit aggressions upon tliem.
Tliey knew that they were expressly noti
fied that tho giving bread to tho few
bravo and hungry men ol tho garrison
was all which on that occasion would be
attempted, unlo-s themselves, by resisting
so much, should provoke more. They
kno.v t li ii t this government detiud
to keep 1 ho g irrison in the fort; not
to assail thein, but to merely maintain vis
ible possession, and thus to preservo the
immediate disso'
among them to the insurrectionists, winch
is could not do as an open enemy. At a
stroko it would take all the troubles oil! pie possessed as much moral sense, as
the hands of Secession except only what jmueliot devotion to law and older, and as
nmceeils from the external bloc-kudo. It 'much pride in and reverence for tho his-
to go, or extort
Will Pl'OUlllH to
remain. I he seceders insist thai our toa
stitu-.iou admits cf secession. They lmvf
a-sunied to make a National Constitution
of their own, in w hich, of necessity, they
have either dirciuded or retained the
right of secession, us they insist it exist
in ours. If I hey have di.'-carded it, they
thereby ndiuit that on principle it ought
1 i. would do lor tho disunionisU that torv and eoveniment ol tlieir common ; not to be in ours. Jl lliey have retiu.ml
ivhii-Ii nf nil thin.'s ihev mont deire country ns nnv oilier civilized ant pall l- it by their own construction ol ours, tliey
feed them well and give them disunion , otic people. They knew they eciul j make show that to be consistent theyrcustie.
without a struggle of tl.oir own. It rec-j no advancement directly in the teeth of! cede (rom ono another whenever theylind
ounizes no fidelity to the Constitution, no i those strong and noble sentiments. Ac-' it the ei-iest way of settling their debit,
obligation to maintain the Union, and 'eoidingly they commenced by an ins'n.'i- or effecting any other selli-li or unjiistoh
while verv many who have favored it arc'ous debauching of the public in;::d. Thev Meet. The principle itseil is one ol'd'uin-
ilnnlilless' lovnl. it is nevertheless very in- invited an ingenious sophism, which. if locution, ami upon v Inch no Govern-
iniious in ellect. lteeurriii!! to the action I conceded, was followed by pertectly logi- ment can possible endure.
. . . ..I .. .. . II. I ! ....I I l.ll.. .... .l ll...
of tho government, it mav be stated that ical steps through nil tno uicnienis 10 inei n nil i no riaics save ore snoiiiu assert
nt first a call was mado lor 75.000 militia. : complete destruction of tho Union. The the power to tlrivo that ono out of the
and rapidly following this a proclamation sophism itself is that any State of the ( Union, U is presumed the whole class ol
was issued for tilosin" tlie ports ol the in i Union niav. consistently with the Nation-1 scceder politicians would nt once deny
ft-ftnl'www,w.wMta,l" .Mr'ftr"nirArte 1 hV-CflilW11 'tt .V,VAl.kherefore lawfully ami the power, and denounce the act n tin
, i j ... ..win uiv v iiiuii, luieaie:
believed strictly IeL'a . niiUmiu ..,..,.., r n... ... ri
-n.-i:.,!. i: ' ., . ""i M'piose Willi.
. '"' o uu uirguiso mat ,,.;,,.(..,,, ,f I...;.,., ..Tu.i .i..;..: " "
i r n .....v hi ii n,a iitv
si ou i ui re upon Mate ri"lits.
ii ... . i .,
.-i.i'1'i..-.u mm. precisely tho sm
At this point tho insiirrocll.mi-l no
ll oil need t hoi v iiin-nAcA rt aiiIa 1 1. 1 1 1. a ..!. : . l. 1 t
practice of privatcerinL'. Ul.er vuU were for a iu.t cauo. because thov thorn I ? " I1?"1 !. VP c:i,KhI ,.hc & oi
l r . i . i . . . " . . .' . - iiiiii'i. .ruin iiiiii. ciiiA if it-, ah i i... .
i . . . - i ,v iu vAiicur
Correspondence.
A subscriber sends us the following in
terogatory, which, being couched in res
pectful language, wo answer in the same
spirit:
Ntw Washington,
Messrs. Editors: Will you please in-
iuiiii juui iiuiui'iuu ii-iiuui j nuim nuuiu uu revenue lying within them had 'jcen
have beeii tho political aspect of next seized for the same object. The navy vas
wiiuer b congress, ii more wouiti uavo
boon no dissolution of the Union T Would
it have been Democratic or Republican f
Hy allowing the whole South to liave'bcen
Democratic T By answering tho above
you will oblige inquirers aftc truth.
Yours truly,
If there had been no "Dissolution cf the
Union" the llouso of Iteprcscntativcs,
next winter would have embraced 37
members, and "allowing the whole South
to have been Democratic," tho Democrats
svould havo had a decided majority ; and
the Sonale would hare stood 3C Demo
crats to 32 Republicans.
The Republicans proper only number
104 or lOS, omitting all the Slavoholding
Stales. But it must be remembered that
Maryland, Missouri, Kentucky, Tennessee
and Virginia have, each been represented
by members voting and acting generally
with the Republican party j and upon all
other questions than that of slavery thoso
Federal Government in and near those Union from actual and
States were either besieged or menaced lution, trusing, as hereinbefore stated, to
by warlike preparations, and epecially time, discussion, and the ballot-box, for
rort Sumter was nearly surrounded bv
well proloctod hostile batteries, with irun's
equal in quality to the best of its own,
and outnumbei ing the latter as perhaps
ten to one. A disproportionate share of
tho Federal munkets and rifles had some
how found their way into thoso States,
and has been seized to lie used against the
government. Accumulations of the pub-
.... i i - .
Bcw.iereu m instant seas, leaving but a
very small purl of it within tho immedi
ate reach of the government. Officers of
tho Federal army and navy had resigned
in great numbers, and of those resigning
a large proportion had taken up arms
against tho government. Simultaneously
and in connection with all this, tho pur
poso to sever the Federal Union was open
ly avowed. In accordance with this pur-
Iuso mi ordinance nnd been adopted in
final adjustment, and they assailed and
reduced tho fort for precisely the reverse
object: to drive out the authority of the
Federal Union.and thus forco it to imme
dintedissolution. That this was their object
the Executive well understood, and hav
ing said to them, in the inaugural address
'you can havo no conflict without being
yourselves the aggressors," In took pains,
not only to keep this declaration good, but
also to keep tho caso so free from tho pow
er of ingenious sophistry as that the
world should not be able to misunder
stand it by the affair at FortSumter, with
its surrounding circumstances. Thst
point was reached then, and thereby the
assailants of tho government begun the
conflict of arms, withouta gnu in sight or
in expectancy to return theie fire, save
only tho few in the fort sent to that har
bor years before for their own protect-on,
and still ready to give that protection in
inline mr volunteers to serve three years lair to be sole judges of its j istice
unless sooner discharged, and also for thin to tnei it any notice With rebellion
largo additions to tho regular army and thus sugar-coated, they havo been drug
navy. These measures, whether strictly 'ging tho public mind of their section for
legal or not, wero ventured upon under ; mere than thirty years, and until at lcn-tli
nn.it iippcaroa 10 no n popular demand, they have (nought
and n public necessity, ti u-tini then, ns . will'mur-.c-ss to take
now, mat con-res would readily ratify (ioverninent the day alter some assem- i s ' m. ,rj ! oi j.mml to
them. It is believed Hint nothing has been, blago of men have enacted tho farcical I T 1 , '. " 1,1"10 ''e Constitution,
u.j.1.; nrvonu ui constitutional eompeten- pretence of taking their State out of the 1 i .. , , 1 "auioie caning u
cy of Congress. Soon alter tl.c first call for , Union, who cculd have been brou-ht to it- , . P(!,k-. " n.v well be pies-
mintia it was considered a duty to author- no such thir.L' the dnv befom Tl,; .,...1,. I 1 . ' "'. wm-iiier mere is to-ihiv a majority
,v. ....... .ti, . iiu.iiiiii.tii i UII'IS Ol lllll.-ISLF
' "; what the soacdor.s claim to do. unless, in.
.i.i.i i.i . . .
nceu, iney maKC i no point that tho one,
because it is a minority, may rightfully
iiu no. ii me omer, uecanse they are a DM'
mt'ifi iniiv f.nt ,!.!. 1 1 1. II .. .1., 'in . i
IllMlll' I'imil muii rt n . . .' - . . ' J - iii.ai: lur
un arms n.ninst . , i !. 1l"'na I1'Vuh" '"'l I'rolo.itul on-lM
r iwiis m imi.rii'itiou- m
izo the commanding (ieneral in proper ca
ses, accerdini.' to Ins discretion in m..
This sonli
ism n i u n iiiin ii, licrnaiis lf,0 w hole, ol ' .1, j .
its currency from the iiss-.mnlion thi.t I ""'.Pt I'W in V-uth Carolina, in farorof
pend the privilege of tho writ cf habeas 1 there is some omnipotent ami sacred su-1 , , ro " '""ch reason to lielier
corpus, or in other words to arrest and de- 'prenmey pertain n to a State -to each ' -P 1l" n,,'n ftl' ",0 ""j0'"'?
lam without resort to tho ordinary pro- , Sl-jtto or our Fedeial Union. Our States nm"V, , "ot ",' ''v,'''' otla"r p,le cf ,he
csses and forms of la.y, such individuals ' have neither moie nor less power than 1 8 T T' 1 S,atos- A,tl' eol,lr4"
as he might deem dangerous to the pub- j that reei ved to them in the Union bv thel'v 1"S "0t 1 llt'"lon!''l,l in .v om
ic safety. This authority has purposely Constitution, no one of them ever hivim, I ! ! !on?' .,l ,s ventured to .illirm tliis even
been a State out of tho Union. The ori-J p 1 ' 1 V . , 'MW' 1,10 1't"u"
" I. -T.l. .... ... . . . .J .w J...
vacu ci ineso Maics declaring the Mutes j whatever was lawful. In this act, dis-
. " -M""i" " mo .Miiio.i- earning an cue, they have forced upon
al I nion. A formula instituting a combi- j the country the distinct Usue immediato
lied irnvnpnmnnl. rF ilmiid vi.ir. I.-.I '. 1: i.. i i . i .....
: " "v. i.e. ! uvui , uissuiuvioii or uiooii arm tim inn nm.
iironiulgatcd, and this illcL-al orcanization
in the chnractor of the Confederate States,
was already invoking recognition, aid and
intervention from foreign powers. Find
ing this condition of things, and holieving
it to bo an iinnorativo duty on the incom.
ing Executive to prevent, if possible the
braces more than tlio fateoftheso United
States. It presents to the whole family
of man. whether a constitutional Repub
lic, or democracy- -a government of the
people by the same poople can or can
not maintain its territorial integrityagainst
its own domestin I'nna If. urntAntt flit
consummation of such attempts to des- question whether discontented individu-
iroy me reuerai union, a choice of means als, too few in numbers to control the Ad-
r"'.""lu,u ""carno imnspcnsauio. 1 his .' minis at ion Record in c to organic law in
ichoico was made and was declared in the any case, can r.lways, upon the pretences
I l li ml I'll rn 1 ml.lrno. Tl. .,.1:... i.,. "... .. ' ' .
calling thomselves Americans or L nwn men , looked to tho exhaustation of all peaceful ccs. or arbitrarily without xnv nrntpneo
measures before a resort to any stronsor break un their novernment, nnd thus
ones. It sDucht only to hold the nnbl
places and property not alreudv wrested I
, - " ' . i vi m v.v - iu twr A3 IIK'IVill
i w e " x- vi w uv wuucu vitij
been exercised but lcrv snnrin-ifv. nr-
ertheless tho legality and propriety of
what has been done under it are quest ion -
, nun uic micniion ot the country has
uLMsii caned
who is
guild ones passed into the Union even 1 , 1,1 lmlll,"'.w mF
bolorethev cast oil their British noloni..! I .17 1,10 b.ll',,eU !v,,, ftl ' "i110
dependence, and the new ones ea.-h came'. " 'l'estion voted upon, can scarcely
to the proposition that one 'into the Union ilirc.-i v fi-m,, n .i i cnnsideied os a demon-lr ition of iki
i.i. ;u i . ..i- - ., .... -. : j "... "imiiiuii i i... . .. i . .
'7" ' , " 1U , care i .ai the laws ol dcpend.nce,e.veepting Texas. ,,,,.1 evet.l.T " , "
bo faithfully executed, should not himself jTexas, in i, tempor ry imirpendence, ' "lt. '"'e
Violate tlii'in fll onnvo .,.., :.i I i ' , '. . I" 'tbel mm
ular sentiment. At such at; election. all
class who are not at once for
course some considera- was never ilnni.-mifml ti. : "ie 1 nun nnd against coercion, would U
11011 was given to tho questions of power ones only took the designation o" Si.t "1'"1"1 10 vo,c "fi'imst the I nion.
of Slates
that
I nion. while
.r...... 1:.... ...1.. . 1 r... .1 . t
..mm ...is inn iiuiijueti lor uieoi.t ones
in, ond by the t'oloi.ies were declared to
be freo and independent Slates, lint ex en
then the object plainly was, not to declaro
I their iudcpi ndence of one niiptlie:-, or of
the Union; hut directly the contrary, ns
tlieir mutual pledge nnd their mutual ao
I lion beioro, at the time nnd afterwards
I ing of fjith by each ond all of the 01 i. iiml
tho never been Slates, either in
r'e, havini'
suhstanco or
It may he affirmed, without extrsva
gance, that the free institutions we enjoy
have developed the power nnd improved
the condition of our whole people lieyond
any example in the world. Of this we
now have a striking and iinpi csu'vo illus
tration. So l uge nn army as tlio (iovera
ment has now on foot was never befote
known, without a soldier in it but who
cnoii-e. Hut 11 ore than this. There ire
many single regiments whose members
one and another possess full practical
knowledge of nil tho arts, sciences, pro
lessions, ami whatever else, whether us-
some 12 or 13 in all acted against tho
Democrats
Upon tho single question, however, of
Congressional intervention with the insti
tution of slavery, had there been no so
cession, tho Domocrata would hove had a
majority in both branches of Congress,
and in tho House of Representatives over
all shades ol opposition.
Tni News. A brilliant exploit was
performed by Gen. Patterson's Division,
Tort, Md., early on the morning of the
2nd instant, and attacked a large de
tachment of Confederates undor command
revenue, relying for the rest on time, dis
cussion and tho ballot-box. It promised
a continuance of the mails at government
expense to the very people who were re
sisting the government, and it nave re
peated pledges against any disturbance to
all Republics this inherent and fatal weak
ness? Must a government of noceasity,
bo too strong for the li.erties of its own
people, or too weak to maintain its own
existence? So viewing the issue, no
choice was left but to call out the power
nf tlm fSovprrimcnt. nnd n tn rosini fnri-n
a"y..of.tll PeoP'o. o' ftny of their rights, employed for its destruction by forco for
01 all that which a President micht con-, its nreservalinn. Tlia cull wn nmrln nnd un. .,(i,o,:..r ... i i J "."".
stilutionally andjustifiably do in such a the response of the country wai mo ,t 'insisted that Conuress nnd .SU'r. L'8
mm iin.prieiy ueiore this matter was acted on coming into the
11 1 ion. I II n IV hnln isl I lit n..-a ... i.:..i.
, . ..m ... ... iii 9 i. ii ii ii n L'l U
required to bo faithfully executed were
being resisted, ond failing o( execution in
neoily one third of the Sintes. Must they
bo allowed to finally fail of execution,
even hud it been perfectly clonr that by
the use of tho means necessary to their
execution, some single la-v nindo in such
extreme tenderness of the citizen's liberty has abundantly shown tho express plight- i ,akcn his I'1'"'0 there of his own freo
Unit iirnriion K- It .ll.,....o . . .1." I: , , ... ' . I b ..I. n... . ..
" "-v uii.iu ui me ing 01 uiui ny eitcti ami allot the ori in
guilty than of the innocent, should to n ' thirteen. In tbe Articles of C.,f.,'l..
very limited extent be vjo ated. To state tion, two years later, that the Union shall
(lie nues 1011 morn .1 ...!;.il,-. -11 .i.i. . 1 . . r "'"i'i
. ..u ii 11:1: ut; Jil'ipci Hill, is lllOSl COnclUKIV
iiir. uut ,ji,u in jiq unexecuted and
uovcrnment itself
1 . 1 . .
uiiu uii vioiaieu. r.vcn in sue 1 n nun 1 i , n. .......:..i ... . ... th,.r in 0...,i r.. 1. ii.
... ...... fiiu iiuiii ninuii in."
a CU
stroy tho Union itself? r llf'li 1(1 ' net, a Congress, and. nerlinns. n ('o'jrt.
about the sovereignty ol tho States, but n,'udantly competent to administer Hie
tho word even is not in the National Con- fiovcn,,uenl itself. Nor do I sny tlii
stitution, nor, im Is believed, in any of the no ,,'uo ",so the army of our
State constitutions. What is a sovereign- li,,c fl'iM"'. nw adversaries in this con
y i'J the political senseofthe teim' ' ,Cst- 1!ul il" 't is, so much better the res-
, c 1 , . -"'.I mwu inr nrnns 10 (ifiino h n "j inr viuvrrnn c r v i on an
un wlii in .I. r i V? M community without a politic, . , Icrred such benefits on both them and ua
on! Td t no'onoof ou, should not bo broken up.
equiValcno a p?l 1 XX X' r sover- Whoever, in any section, propose, to
lege may Le suspended whet in Erases Vf Wn' ,Bon.,rxnf veup tne char-; abandon such a Government, would da
rebellion or invaaioTK " reference to ubst
does require it. ii "LS lt&u i ' "cknowledged the Constitution of l-' inciplo it is that he .Iocs it j what better
havo a ci.se of rebel Iio and , V ! ''e l,"!te :S,aU'?' "n1 ll" nnd treat- lie is likely to get in lis stead ; whether
li,. .nr. .1. :..'.i I-"-, ii-s ui uo united Mates made in nnrsn- l tho siihstiluta will nivn i. I.n it.ianilml to
c... ura lv, uno inn inifililiml on. r .1 .. .-. .. . . . .1 - , . ---o---i --
go to pieces lest that in mime, outside of the Union: whence ful or el,,Plll'-t. ' known in the world ; and
ivnnlil i,a Yin A ; 1 .1 iii '; , ",n'inl omnipoienco or Mote rig his, 1 "T " 1,1 l;l'iy ono iiom win
w ould not the olhcial oath be broken if Uie nsserting a claim of power lo lawfully de. ' con1'1 1101 ' elecel a President,
tiovernment should bn nvKi'ilirmiM ,ri.nn :,... .1.. . i. . . i 1 ,
: 1 ...i! 1 .. . ' 'V
it was believed that diki-ecnrdini? tl in riii
g'.e law would tend to preserve it. But it
was not believed that this question was
presented it was net believed that any
law was violated. Tho provision nf tl.n
Constitution, that the privilege of the writ
o r.i... . .-. .. . ,
pension of the jtrivilcua of tl o ... . Vi. . " 1 . n'-"on, to bo lor her tho
cose. Everything was forborne, without! gratifying, surpassing in unanimity andlutive. is vested with il is dowpp
Which it Was believed nnasililn tn If Min ' onirit ilia mnul lonmilnii nvr.nnl in Vl lfv....i:i..i' .. ,. :.' " tr
the Exec-
liut the
rnich or
i, the prosent in- States, except Delaware, gave a regiment ; provision was l.li.mi'.T"' nntl-1l"lho
in office, a letter: through regular State organization. A ous en eency vlnTt V'T
umanding at Fort; few regiments have been oicanized within 1 frmJ "r rannot b ,,cl'vcd the
" . . "... - . ...'I UI,ii l..i: I :n'. i ?::.. i. - . V" . I .. ... .. . u"
which crossed tno l otoninc at Williams-1,, u"rc'11' i'iui nccpinrii, uie niuv sanguine oxncciaiion. i ci institution itself is siloni n to in 7 V
mo iiuvuriiiiiuiiv uii iipoii. ' nonn oi liio lulps conininniv miiAi siinm n-1. . i A : - "
O .l cr.l r it i il . I , . . . ' ...... s. i 10 iu CAUl-eiSQ l.r
ll thA filth nf Mnrnh. IIia nrnp.n in. Klnfna uffwnl lln1nivai.A .... . M .... . : . . . . 'n
cutnbent's first full day i
of Maior Anderson, commandinc
of General Jackson, who after a brief Sumter, written on the 2th of February, some other, of those States by individual in every oa oth" ifaZer VioIil.T
eonte bmlc. .n.i fl.i - i-.i. . lR.niJ T"" ftt.tbo ?r Iepartineot, on enterprise and received into the Govern- lCft,.r,n .7t f r2 !Jj"n?"',,.h.ou,d
7 , i.i.u.. woopsitne 4th or March was, by that department ment service. Of course tho
...r...,a Vsin.-iuii ui luuir camping-ground
The loss of the Union forces is reported
tO llfl tllPAO If lltod InJ nn .y...-.t 1 ll. .
,..t . , . ,. ... i into that lort within the time for his re
....uv,.io ,UM estimated vy some ac- iiof rendercd necessary by the limited
(ountsasuigb as sixty killed and wound-(supply of provisions and with a fiow
; supremo law of tho land
i tno Stales havo their status i.i the
, Union. -uid they have no other legal staU
..a II' I I. .... I I. ! . , . .
ii mi-) nreiiK iroin iiiis. they can only
give, so much of good to tho people.
Thero aro soino loreshadowings on llii
subject. Our adversaries Jiavo adopted
some declarations of independence,
in which, unliko the poo.1 old one,
few reiinmnls hnvn l,w.n Air,nnl,f,,l lil,. 1 r 1 . ,uniioi U0 believed the liberty bv nimiittl. i-i... ' slitinn i.. il. ..i.i.. " ...i.:i. ..lilr
t 7.. if"'!crs 01 tno instrument ininiwh,,! i. !?:' v .: : v ... rim i.iii yiiiicu,
IIUD UIIICIS UI WIUHO iMllCH UV lnrilVlllllfll ' in .1 . . viii.mi
j - - j 1 . .i . , 1 v nicn 111a . i ........ i . i i ..
enterprise and received into tho Govern-! course. nnilfC ' ' .,",TU,U ,.ru 1 A18
Of eoiim tni . !.!' .1 " .. uo uaueu 10-
doso, against law, by revolution. The penned by .Icfl'erson, they omit the word
Union, and not themselves separately, I "all men aro created equal." Whv?TLoy
jiroeured their independence and their I novo adopted a temporary National Con
! Omuiest or niirrlinte. Tin. stition. in tlm urnnmlih. At l.;,.l. nnlikl
gave each ol them whatever indi'our irood old one. i,jiw,l l,u WoJl.'ndlon.
run Its poildeiice it had. Tlm ITninn ianhlur H.n thpvnmit "Wo 1 1. v,. i. A ...Uis
any or the States, and in fact it created tute, "We. thedepiuies of the sovoreigy
them as Stoics. Originally I me depend, ,'nd independent States." Why? WW
ont oolonies made the Union, and in turn ,il's deliberate pressing out of view tli
the t nion thre olj ihoir old dependence rights of men and the anthoritv ot th
1UI Iii bin mm rxt-K.i n(l., A f i i . .
.j r."" "l no umiorni m onin on at soma lm, ml, ,.i .i.T: r " V' ""' ";"' ' ues suci, as' people?
M.e.racuon,omooiti,otM Leing nlmoat presented bv tho Atlornev nZZix c.7 . .- . tn.m evep ha', - T,,is '"enlially a people's oontcst.-l
nee. UI eoumn thn ..,!...!'.. . . " 1' 'i uu uhi
plaoed in his hands. This letter express-' States, so callod, to which Texas had been mi. ht l l very assembling of a hieh
ed tho professional opinion of tho writer joined about the time or the inucuration ' hifrl! i ,',e.V,nl,!,," w" int i"
that reinforcements could not be thrown gave no troops in the causa of ihS n , l!".?, ' by tbo rch"U'on. No more e-
. The Border States were not unilb in AVE' I "C" "ow