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Vs..-..'
BY 0. B. O00DLANDER & CO.
PRINCIPLES, not tfEN.
TERMS-ll 25 per Annum, if paid m advance
NKWSF.HIKS VOL. 1. NO 45.
VOL. XXXI. WIIOLK NO 1G50.
CLKAKFIKU), PA. WEDM'SKA, MAY 'JO, IliGi.
fled tiq,
BUON Yl'K(;UAItI.
Ho on your guard ! fur kindred ties
By falsehood muy lio broken ;
Tb heart may wear s doep dicguise,
Though friendship he in token !
The nun wbosniiles wilb blundust grace,
Pare'iunce amy nonl jour sorrow ;
For by bis word 'tia clear to trac
Tba dullni'ss of to-iuorrow !
U on your gourd I and look afur,
Believe sot ull thou hearont ;
AnsMook tit mortal they are
And trust the one who's noare.'t !
The hope tbut brightens Time and rule,
Way charm Ihcu an ill Bowing ;
But like tlie suu -it Heaven's gato,
Tis sinking while its glowing!
B on your guard ! by day and night,
When 'benuiy' smile is gli.t'niiig ;
For though your deoda be out of sight,
The angle may bo lisl'iiin;;.
Calm Pleasure hug her garlands wove
By Fancy's unowy fiiigeis,
And Truth can turn a charm lo love,
And marie while it lingers !
Be on your guard ! for life may end
A .youth's gay drenru are shining '
The ebarir on which ynu lean may bond,
Though joy bo round it twining !
The lips that wilier toft and sweet.
From thence Bright word come streaming,
Below a wreath whose flowers meet,
And kiss love's soul while dreaming.
jilisccllantous,
Tail Holt better than no Holt.
The following laughable affair is from a
look entitled riser's P.ivor Scenes nrul
characters. The incident is located in
Nortn Carolina, h is tho story of a man
named "Oliver Stanley, " who was taken
aptivo ly wild "Injuns." After some
consideration the) put Jiim into an empty
oil barrel ami beaded bim up, leaving I he
bung-hole open, that ho miidit be longer
dying. The prisoner relates a portion of
Ini experience in this wise:
I determined to pet out'n that or bust
a trace; and bo 1 pounded away with my
fiat until 1 beat il into Hourly a j fIly , at
the oni of tho bar'l ; hut it were no gx
"""hen I butted a spell with my noggin, but
I had no purchase like old rains have
when lliey butt ; fur, you know, they back
ever 10 far when they niako a lilt. So I
caved in, tnad my last will and testament,
and virtually gave up the ghost. It wur
mighty serious time with mo, to be sure.
Whilu 1 wur lying llicie, balancing ac
counts with t'other world, and afore I had
mil my figgors made out to see bow things
ud stand, 1 heard suthin' bcrambul'tting
in tho leaves, and bnoiiin', every whip
atitch like he snmlt suthin' he didn't ac
cactly tike. 1 lay as still as a salamander,
and thought, muybo there's a chance for
Stanley y it. So the critter, whatever it
might be, kep' moseyin' round tho bar'l.
I .at l he co mo to the bung hole, put his
noae in, smelt mighty perticuler. and gin
a monstrous loud snort. .' hoit what little
bretli I had to keen tho critter fiorusmel
iin the intai r.els of that bar'l. I soon
eon it wa9 a bar of the woods the big
king bar of the woods, who hao1 lived thar
from time immortal. Thinks I, old fellow
look out ; old Oliver ain't dead yit. Jist
then, he put his black paw in jit us fur as
It could, and scrabbled about to make
'covery. Tho first though I bad was to
nab his paw, as a drow nin' man will ketch
at a straw ; but I soon seen that wouldn't
do, for you see he couldn't then travel.
rio I jist waited spell with greit flatter
bat ioti of mind. Tho next move he made
was to put his tail in at the bung-holo ov
the bar'l to test iriards. I soon that wur
my time to mark my Jack ; so I seized my
bolt, and ihouted t tho (op ov my voice:
''Charge, Chester, charge!
On, fctaulj-, on!"
And the bar he put, and knowed that tail
holt was better than no holt; and so we
went, bar'l and all, the bar full speed.
Now, my hope wur tint the bar would
jump evtr tovie prasrpiss, brak the bur'l all
to shiveralicns, and liberate mo from my
nasty, stinkin' ily prison, and sure 'null',
the bar at full speed looped over a cataraek
Jff'.y foot high. J)own we went together in
pile, cowhollop, on a big rock, bnstin'
the bar'l and nearly shnkin' my gizzard
out' me. 1 let go my tail holt had no
more Use for it and away went the bar
like a whirlygust ov woodpeckers wur f
1 ter it. I've r.ever seen tier heard from
' that bar sine, but he has my best wishes
P' for hit present and future welfare.
cl. Kn Irish Disccssiov. A contractor'
0, ',' who was building a tunnel on a certain
e Ohio railroad, observod, one morning,
1, ri(t t'' 'Roe 01 member of his gang had
itssurfac all spotted with bruises and
.,, t plasters.
tlS "Ah I Jimmy," said he, "what have you
been doin'?" '
"Not tarry much, Mir," answered Jim
)? ,tny, "I wasjist down at Billy Mulligan's
'J'last nurht, sur, an' him an' me we huU a
cf l""bit av di8cooshon wid sthicks !"
ne MR. i-ARTiNGTON wants to know if it
rf- "'were not intended that women should
""drive their husbands, why are they put
irJ through the bridle ceremony T
",,-, A soldier was onco wounded in battle
! et up a terrible bellowing. An Irishman,
' iho laid near with both legs shot oil", im
toediately sung out "Bad luck to the
pBltiikes'pfje do yef think that nobody is
iUbulyerscirlf"
, pc
' hV linJiAS was asked by his con
aa ysjssor i( h0 was ready to renounce tho dov-Ait'-1
,r4 nil his worjis. "Och ! yer
honor,' said J'at, "dqn't usk mo thct ; I'm
NfO'Dg t a nirnnge nountry, and I don't
.,i i'?n .nake myself enemies !"
C'V I
5":s 80nieiimc descends as a scow- j
y!. ' 6rmi heaping up a great abundance j but 1
be appearance of a warm sun thaws it to!
thing. I
Krom the Xcw Yerk JIurald.J
Sketches of t'".e Seceded States.
We all know whero tho free States
stand. The nverwhelaiing uprising of
the Union sentiment, from tho Atlantic
to tho Pacific, emphatically shows tho po
sition of the North. Hut what is tho con
dition of tho Southern States? This
question is anstvered by tho annexed brief
bketch"s ;
VIRGINIA.
Virginia, tho last ot tho seceding Stales,
is 870 mile long, and 200 broad at its
greatest breadth, containing Gl,XV2 square
miles of territory, with a population of I,
Mo.lO'J, including slaves ; of the whites,
221,000 are liable to military duty. The
State, from its contiguity to Pennsylvania
and the capital, is now the theatre of war
to put down lebellion. Tho aggregate
number of troops within her border in
tho secession army cannot be far from 50,
000 men, and opposed to them is an equal
number of troops loyal to tho American
Hag and the Union. The federal govern
ment occupy several important strategic
military points within the uorder of the
State, which, for tl o time being, give it a
partial and not an unimportant degteo of
po.'sossion of the whole State. The ordi
nance ot secession, which passed the State
Convention on the 17th ult., will bo sub
mitted to the people for ratification or re
jection on the 2.'id inst. Tho rebels have
fortified themselves, and are in force at
Norfolk, Harper's Ferry, Kiohmond and
Lynchburg, Stanton, Vorktown, West
Point and the advance from either side
would bo productive of a severe contest at
arms.
WKSTKHN VIKOLMA.
The Western part of Virginia, embra
cing twenty-five counties, with the popu
lation of over two hundred' thousand, of
which twenty thousand are liable to mili
tary duty, opposes tho ordinance of seces
sion of the State and claims its loyalty to
the Stars and Stripe.. Thu representa
tives of Western Virginia, with a patriot
ic determination, avow, in the event of
the secession oulinance bein adopted on
the 23d, they will declare themselves tin
independent State, and claim the protei:
tion, if necessary, of tho United States
military forces. In this determination
they have received the assurance of the
Governor of Pennsylvania that they shall
have all necessary succor from his State.
NORTH CAROLINA.
This State coutains an re'.i of 45,000
r-quare miles. Although it has taken no
steps to pass a secession ordinance, yet
the action of its authorities has placed it
in hostility to the Union. The Governor
of the State has caused tho seizure of Forts
Casaell and Johnson, seized the Arsenal
t Fayetteville and levied upon tho pub
lic funds of the United States, and is now
equipping a force to join the rebel army
to oppose the defenders of law and order
The State has a population of 1,008,442,
and of that number 132,000 males are lia
bh to military duty.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
South Carolina, the pioneer of tho States
of the Southern Confederacy, is two hundred-
miles long and on hundred and
twenty-five broad, containing 28,000
square miles of territory, with a total pop
ulation indifferently stated at 715,371,
about one hill' of whom arc whites; of
the latter 00,000 males are liable to mili
tary duty. Thi.-State seceded from the
Union Ioctmber 20, In the siego
and bombardment ot Fort Sumter this
State rallied a lores of between eight and
ten thorsand men. Since the evacuation
of that fort by the United States troops
five thousand of the former have been re
tained t hold the forts in Charleston har
bor, and three thousand have been sent
to Virginia to await further operations.
Tho harbor of Charleston i eifectually
blockaded by the United States steam
frigate Niagra, and all commerce will for
the future be suspended. The blockade
ol Chaileston is in effect equal to the oc
cupancy of tho city .
GEORGIA.
This State is three hundred miles long
from north to south, and two hundred and
forty broad, uvd coutains a population of
1,082,827, of which number 78,000 males
are liable to military duty. Savannah,
situated on the river of that name, about
seventeen miles from its mouth, is the
groat seaport commercial mart of the
State. The mouth of tho Savannah river
is defended by Fort Pulaski, on Cockspur
Island. This fort is an immense, built of
brick, and mounts 150 guns, some of them
of improved make and finish. The fort
is zarrisoned by six hundred men. To
the south of this fort, on Tybee Island,
the secession troops have erected an im
mense sand fort, in which has been placed
a heavy battery of guus. This work has
an extended sea range, and will prove a
formidable customer to a blockading or
attacking squadron. There are upwards
of two thousand troops between the city
of Savannah and the mouth of tho rives.
Fort Jackson, a small fort two miles from
Savanab, lias n garrison of two hundred
men and an armament of six or eight
me union January 10, 18GI, by a vote o
208 to
. i , . ' . '
. ALABAMA.
I his Stato is bounded north lv Tennes.
sto, cast by Georgia, south by Fiorida.and
west by Mississippi. It contains 50,072
square miles of territory, and has a popu
lation Of 155.914. Of Which miniUr HQ .
000 are liable to military duty. This State
seceded from the Union, through its Con
vention, January 11, 1801, by a vote ofGl
to 39. Mobile, the only seaport of any
importance in this State, is situated atthe
head of Mobile Pay, forty miles from the
ic cessl. The buy is protected by Forts
Morgan and Gaines, tho first situated on a
prominent sand spit, commanding all the
sea approaches. The latter is situated on
the opposite shore. These forts are now
garrisoned by 1,500 of the Confederate
States army, under Colonel Hardee. Tho
forts are well equipped and redy for a
"rood defenco.
FLOIilDA.
This Stale is 3Ho miles long, and from
50 to 250 wide, containing V,V-lX square
miles ; it has a population of 145,000, and
of that number 0, (,"() are liable to milita
ry duty. The State, from its peninsula
ted position, embraces a largo and exten
ded sea coast, with few harboi.i, in which
are embraced those of Key West and Pen
saeola, both of which are now in military
possession of tho United States troops.
The State, in her relation to the Southern
confederacy, can be of very little assist
ance in the prejentstruggle, if wo except
the fow tioops she niny enlist. Financial
ly she is merely able to sustain a State
government, and is not prepared to fur
nish money to any extent in the present
civil war. Florida seceded from the
Union January ll,l!S(jl,by tivcteot'02 to".
MISSISSIPPI.
Tho State of Mississippi seceded from
theUnion January 9, lStil, by a vote of 84
to 15. The State is 3"0 miles long from
north to south, and 150 broad, containing
47,151 square miles. It has a population
of 880,058 inhabitants; of that number
71,00(1 are liable to do military duty. Th?t
Missisippi river, with its various windings
forms t lie entire western boundary of the
State, and its margin consists of undulated
swamps. Like her neighbor Slate Arkan
sas, this State will have to t!ord her quo
ta of protection from invasion from the
north of the Mississippi river, and this
force will have lo no ol such a magnitude
as to detract considerably from her force
to be furnished lo the re Del Mobile force.
ARKANSAS.
This Stato is bounded north by Missou
ri, eabt by the Mississippi river, which
separates it from Tennessee and Mississip
pi, south by Louiniana, and west by tho
Indian Territory. It is 240 miles 'long,
and 228 wide, containing 54.000 sq'iaic
miles. It has a population of 4.0,775;
of this number 05,000 are liable to milita
ry iluty. J his State having a large extent
of border lying on tho Mississippi, nud
within a short distance of t'.iy free States,
it will require a largo portion of her mili
tary force to guard against any movement
of United States troops on the Mississippi
river a measure not at all improbable.
At present, and in view of the overwhelm
ing force of troops being raised in the
West, this state has called a large force
into the field, and fortified important
strategic points on the banks cf tho Miss
issippi. Arkansas seceded from the Un
ion, May Olh, 1801, by a vote of G'J to 1.
LOUISIANA.
This State seceded from the Union,
January 20th, 1801, by a vote r,( 113
to 17. In extent of territory Louisiana is
210 miles long from north to south, and
210 broad, containing 41,3 40 squaro miles.
The population of the State is 550,4'! 1 ; of
that Dumber 75,000 are liable to military
duty. Tho great Mississippi river outlet,
and New Orleans, the great commercial
mart of the extreme Southern States, be
ing within the jurisdiction of the Slate,
shtf will, in her present hostile attitude to
the federal government, inflict severe in
jury or, those within her borders. With
tho Mississippi closely blockaded, and her
commerce with the West and Southwest
cut otf, it will bo but a few months before
hr case will bo pitiable- In regard to her
mobile force lor duty in the Southern
rebel army, this State will be able to fur
nish a fair representation. A standing
garrison will bo required in New Orleans,
and tho 6ame at the several forts comman
ding important points between the Belize
and the Gulf to New Orleans.
T E X A S.
This State contains 325,000 squaro miles
of territory, and a population of 005,955
84,000 of which are liable to military duty.
The Stato, through Its convention, seced-d
from the federal Union, February 1st,
1801, by a vote of 101 to 7, and joined her
destinies with the Confederate States. At
present there slumbers in the State a deep
sentiment tor the Union, which requirei
the whole moral force of tho seccisior.ists
to keep from awakening to ne.v vigor and
increased life. The large extent of teiri -tory
of Texas, with a sparsely settled pop
ulation, and large inland frontier con
stantly menaced h hostile Indians and
predatory bands of Mexican adventurers
and robbers, renders the presence of a
largo m Hilary toroe within her borders
necessity. Now that the United Slates
military forces have been driven from the
.'.... . I. ,, i
oiuie, iiiu i.amuiicue uiMiaus win mulie a
dreadful warfare upon its borders. The
Ci munches have many grierrnces against
the Tcxans, and are brave and desperate.
Their movements are very sudden, and
in warfare mcrcile.fi. Cortinas, the Mex
ican bandit, has recently reappeared in
tho south of tho State, and will give the
Tcxans much trouble. The anticipated
presence of a UnitcJ States blockading
squadron near the mouth of the Mississip
pi river will have a tendency lo isolate
Texas in a great measure from the South
ern Confederacy, as her commerce with
tho neighboring .Slates was by water
principally to New Orleans, land travel
being next to impossible and a blockade
would cut off her sea transportation from
New Orleans. It is thought that it will
require the whole military forte of Texas
to keep the State intact from her Indian
enemies, and th t even were sho over so
w-ell disposed towards providing her quota
of men in the military operations of the
groat body of Confederate States troops,
her loss of sea communication would for
bid tho attempt.
KKNTUCKY.
J This .Slate, which still continues faith
ful to tho Union, we place in our pictorial
illustration, in light shaded lines, with
Missouri and Wekterr. Virginia, consider
ing them at present as doubtful States.
' Kentucky in territorial extent is 400 miles
long and 1i0 miles in breadth, containing
IiS.tiSO square miles. It has a population
of 1,1 10,507, of which 1S0.OOG are liable to
military duty. This Stt.te, from its prox
imity lo tbn free States, nas among its
citizens many thoroughly Union men. The
' secestiou lenders, under instructions from
their master, Jeff Davis, aro endeavoring
( to make the State adopt the suicidul
com so now being pursued by the conl'ed
J erutoJ rebeU. How far they will succeed,
i time will prove. At present Kentucky
! remains firm, and we shall not despair as
long as sho maintains her present course.
The western part of this Stuto occupies
one bank of the Ohio river, and the Inula
between her and Ohio is so intimately
blended that a separation would be very
injurious to both, but especially to Ken
tucky. TENNESSEE.
i The territory embraced in this State in
; mean length is four bundl ed miles, and
its mean breadth one iiuudred anil four
teen miles, containing an area of territory
of 4 I 000 square miles, and embracinc a
population of I.Mii.OOO, of which 107,000
' are liable to military duty. In regard to
the present crisis, '''ennessoe has not di
rectly severed the bonds which bind that
Stato to the Union ; but it h is adopted a
' military 'eague made between its Gover
nor and three Cnmmisioners of the Con-
j federate Slates, in which it is agreed that
all the force of the State shall be employ
ed to assist the confederated relic!.-,. The
Legislature has also adopted a decimation
of independence, And has permitted the
people to vote upon it, which thev will do
on the Sth of June prox. The State is at
I present without clU'etivo military arms,
and some inconveniences may arise ncfore
it can send an clFectivc force iiuo the field.
At present a fconsidrable force from this
Sur.o, under the command of Mrjor Gen
oral Pillow, is assembled at Memphis and
north twenty miles along the bank of the
Mississippi, This force, it is reported, is
co-operating with a force fiom Arkansas,
whose ultimate design is to besiege Cairo,
Illinois, now occupied by U States troops.
MISSOURI.
The stato of Missouri contains 05, 037
square miles of territory, and is two bun
dled and eighty seven miles long and two
hundred and thirty broad. It contains a
population of 1,201,214. out of tho male
population of which 221,000 are liatJe to
military duty. Tho geographical position
of Missouri, peninsulated as she is betwoen
Kansas, Iowa, and Illinois, with her great
river outlet near Cairo completely in the
h suds rf tlie f"!.T:d government, seems to
!. :'... : i: r alii i rtv with tho rebel cenfed
ii acy ol tV' . '.,iit b a hazardous experiment.
The t.nV')..! conduct of Gov. Jackson, in
refusing to comply with the proclamation
of the President for troops to uphold the
dipnity of the hws, engendered a morbid
desire among some of the citizens of the
State to throw oil' their allegiance to the
Union. For a time it seemed tho scceders
were gaining ground; but the Union men
of the State made a grand rally and de
, fence against the revolutionary spirit, and
enrolled themselves as volunteers of tho
Union, despite of the Governor. A State
Convention will no doubt be held at nn
early day. The power of convening it is
with a committee, whose chairman, tho'h
a Southerner, is utterly opposed to Feces
sion. This convention will beyond doubt
in its first action depose Governor Jackson,
and the Legislature power clarly within
their jurisdiction. Already four regiments
of United Scales volunteer troops have de
clared their loyalty lotho general govern
ment and been swoin into the service,
i Other resiments aro raising and willsoon
I take the oath of allgiance to the Union.
How Men Change.
' LINCOLN AS AN" AHVOCATC 01' SECESSION', AN1I
J YIROINIA AS A DEKENPKR OF THE UNION'.
i The Watei town lf;do)i has been study-
ing personal Mid political hi-tory, and has
unearthed tho following extract fVotn a
speech delivered by Abraham Lincoln,
I (the tame Lincoln who is now President of
I tho United States) in the house of Repre
sentatives, lan. 12th, 1848. And in or
der to enable every reader to assure him
self of its authenticity, we will mtitiou
that the speech may bo found in the Ap
pendix to theiCougrcssional Globe of the
30th Congress, (1st session) page 91:
"Any people, anywhere being inclined
and having the power, the right to rise up
shake off the existing government, ami
form a new one that suits them Letter.
This is s most valuable, a most sacred right
a riht tvhich, wo hope and believe, is
lo liberate the world, Nor is this right
confined to causes in which tho whole
people of an existing government mav
choose to exorcise it ANY PORTION
of such people that can, m.;y revolution
ize, and make their own of fo much of tho
territory as they inhabit. More thar. (.
majority o( any pvrfh.l of such people may
revolutionize, putting down a minvrHu, in
termingled w ir.li, or near about them, win
may oppose their movements. Such mi
nority was precisely tho case of the To
ries of our own revolution. It is a quaiitv
of revolutions not to go by old linos, or old
laws, but to break up both and make new
ones-"
The Washington lnlcllijeuecr has been
examining its tiles and now ropublisbes
an article which appeared iu the Kich
mond Enquirer of Nov. 1st, 114. It will
be remembered that tho objects of the
Hartford Convention were comraunica'ed
by the Legislature of Massachusetts " to
the different Governments of the union"
in olricial letters bearing date Oct. 17th.
1814. The following cxtiact will show
how n leading Virginian newspaper then
regarded the threatened secession of New
England :
"No man, no association oftnen.no
State or set of States, has a jyir to with
draw itself from the Union, of its own
accord. Tho same power which knit us
together can only uuknit. The same for
mality which forged the links o the
Union is necessary to dissolve it. The
majority of ,Stittci which form the Union
must consent to tho withdrawal of any one
branch of it. Until lb-it consent has been
obtained, any attempt to dissolvo tho
Union, or obstruct the elliciency of its
constitutional law, is treason treason t.i
all intents and purposes. Anv other doc
trine, such as that which has been lately
held forth by the Federal Republican. that
any one State may withdraw itself from
the Union, as in an abominable herey
which strips its author of every possible
pretention to the name or character of
Efdfralixt.
" We call, therefore, upon the Govern
ment of the Union to exert its energies
when the season shall demand it, and seize
t lie first traitor who hhall spring out of the
hot-bed of the Convention of Hartford.
The illustrious Union, which has been se
metited by Hie blood of our forefathers,
the pride of America, and the wonder of
the world, must be tamely sacrificed to
the heated brains or the aspiring hearts
of a few malcontents. Tho Union must
be saved when any one shall dare to as
sail it.
" Countrymen of the East ' we call up
on you to keep a vigilant eyo upon these
wretched men who would plunge us into
civil war and inevitable disgrace. What
ever may be the temporary calamities
which may o.-siil ua let us swear upon the
altar of our country to .ir (he Union."
Mr Li.ieoln is now calling upon citizens
to put down ceeosMon by arms, arid Vir
ginia is in anus to delend secession.
INTERESTING CORRESPONDENCE.
ltKl'ltESSI.Vti SLAVE l.VSl. UltLI.'itUNS.
We give below tho sub.sta;it part of the
correspondence that took place between
Gov. Aniikews of Massachusetts, and Gen.
Butler, the commander cf the Massachu
setts volunteers, respecting the offer of
the latter to use his troops m Ihe suppres
sion of a slave insurrection a few davs after
his arrival at Annapolis. The Governor
in his idler to the General s.ivs :
"If I rightly understand the telegraphic;
Jd.spateh, I think that your action in ten-
ileiing to Oov. 1 licks the assistance of our
Massachusetts troops to suppress a threat
ened servile insurrection among tho bos
tile people of Maryland wng unnecessary.
I hope that fuller dispatches, which are
on their way from you, may show reasons
why 1 should modify my opinion concern
ing that pai tioubir instance ; but in eon or
al I think that the matter of servile insur
jrection nmong a community in arms
against the federal Union, is no longer to
be regarded by our troops in a political,
! but solely in a military point of view, and
is to be contemplated as one r.f the iniif r
cnt weaknesses of the enemy, from Ihe
' disastrous operations of which we are nn
derno obligation of a military character
' to guard them, in order that they may be
enabled to improve thesccinily nhich our
arms would ullbrd, so as to prcecute with
more energy their traitorous attacks upon
the federal government and capitol.
! "The mode in which suet outbreaks are
to bo considered should depend entirely
upon the loyalty or disloyally of the com
munity in which they occur, and in Hip
vicinity of Annapolis 1 can, on this occa
sion, perceive no reason of military policy
why a force summoned to tho defence of
the Federal Governnienv at this moment
of nil. others should be offered tu be diver
ted from its immediate duty to h'dp reb.
els, who stand with, arms in their hands
obstructing its progress towards the city
of Washington. I entertain no doubt that
! whenever we shall have an opportunity to
j interchange our views personally on ihis
subject, we shall arrive at entire concord
ance of opinion."
I In his reply, Gen. llul'er says the tele
graphic dispatch was conect, that be did
oiler to suppress a rumored slave insurrec
tion, but fortunately the rumor of such an
outbreak proved to bo unfounded. He
1 then proceeds to justify his course, as fol
' lows ;
"Assuming, as your Excellency docs in
1 your dispaich, that I was carrying on mil
itary operations in an enemy's country,
iwlien a war a I'outrancc was to be waged,
my act might lm a matlcr of discussion.
And in ti nt view, acting in the light of
j the Baltimore murders and tho apparent
ly hostile position of Maryland, your Ex
cellency might, without mature reflection,
have c ime to the conclusion cf disappro
bation expressed in vour dispatch. But
the facts, especially as no'V aided by their
resul's, will entirely jutlily my act, and
reinstate mo in your Excellency's good
, opinion.
" Tr.ie, I liurl 1 n the soil of Maryland
against the formal protest cf its Governor
1 and of the corporate authorities of Annap
j o!is, but without any armed opposition on
i tho:r pint, anu expecting opposition only
' from insurgents assembled in riotous con-
tempt of tholur.'sof the State. Belore,
1 by letter, and at the time of landing, by
personal interview. 1 had informed Gov-
jcrnor ljicks tint soldiers of the Union,
under my command, weie armed only
against the insurgents and disturbers of
the peace ol Maryland and of the United
States. I received from Gov. Hicks assu
ranees of the loyalty of the State to the
Unicn assurances which subsequent
'events have fully justified. The Mayor
of Annapolis al.-o informed me that the
city authorities would in no wje oppo.e
' me, but that 1 whs in great danger from
the excited and riotous mobs of Baltimore
no uaing down upon mo, and in number
beyond the con t ml of his police. J assur
ed both tho Governor and the Mayor that
I had no fear of a Baltimore or otlmr mob,
anil i hat, supported by the authorities of
the State and tho city, I shou'd repress all
hostile demoiistiatiotia njfiinst tho laws of
Mar) land and the United States, and (hat
1 would protect both myself and the city
of Annapolis L ota any disorder by persons
rrhatsoever. On tho morning following
my landing, I was informed that the oily
of Annapolis rnd environs were in danger
Irom an insurrection cf the slave popula
tion, i:i delii.nce of the law of the State.
"What Wi.s i to do ? 1 had promised to
put down a while mob, and to preserve
and enforce too laws against that. Ought
I ullovv a black one any preference in a
breach of the laws? 1 understood that I
wns armed against all infractions of tho
laws, whether by white or black, and upon
that understanding I acted certainly with
promptness ami elliciency. And your Ex
cellency's shadow of diHapprobntjop, aris
ing from a misunderstanding of ihe tacts,
has caused all the regret 1 have for that
action. The question seemed to me tob
neither military nor political, and was not
to bo ho treated. It was simply a question
of Ood faith and honesty of purpose. Tho
benign effect of my course was ii.stantly
seen. Thegcoijbut timid people of An
napolis, who hud Hod from their houses at
our uppro.ich, immediately returned j bu
siness resumed its accustomed channels ;
niiiet. Miid order nrovailod in the eitv : con.
iidence took tho place of distrust, friend
ship ol enmity, motherly kindness ot sec
tions.1 hate and I believe today there is
no cily in the Union more loyal lhan An
napi li"s. I think, therefore, I may iafely
point to the Jesuit for my justification.
Tho vote of the neighboring county of
Washington, a few days since, for its del
egate to tho legislature, wherein 4,000 out
ol 5,ooil votes were t'u row n for a delegate
favorable to tho Ucion, is among the rna
i:y happy fruits of firmness of purpose, ef
ficiency of uction find integrity of mission.
I believe, indeed, that it will not require
a personal interchange of views, hs sug
gested in your dispatch, to bring our
I minds in accordance ; a. simple statement
j of the facts will suflicc.
"But I am tD act hereafter, it may bo,
; iu an enemy's country, among a 6ervile
population, when the question may arise,
as it has nol yet arisen, as well in a moral
! and Christian, as in a, political and military
i t'Oint of view. What shall I then do T
ill your hxc-l.eney bear with me a mo
ment while the question is discussed?
"I appreciate fully your Excellency's
suggestion as to the inherent weakness of
the rebels, arising from the preponderance
of their scrvilo population. Tin? question
then, is, in what manner we shall take
1 advarilage of that weakness? By ajlow
I ing, and cf course arming that population,
1 to rise upon the defenceless women and,
children of the country, carrying rapine,
I arson and murder all the horrors of San
! Djmingo, a million times magnified,
'among those, whom we hope lo reunite
I with us as brethren, maty of whom are
' already so, and all who are worth preservy
'ing will bo, when this horrible madness
shall have passed away or be thrashed out
j of them ? Would your Excellency advise
j the troops under my command lo make
1 war in person upon tho defenceless women
on I children in any part of the Union, ac
companied with brutalities too horrible to
j bo named ? Ye;i will say, "God forbid V'
If we may nol d. so in person, shall we
arm otbeis so to do, over whom we can
have no restraint.i-xeicise no control, and
who, when once they have tasted blood,
may turn the very arms we have put in
their hands ag:iii:t ourselves, as u part of
the opprtssihg white lace?
"The reading of history so familiar to
your Excellency will toll you tho bitterest
cause ol complaint which our fathers had
against Great Britain iu tho war of the
Revolution was thft arming ty the British
Ministry of ihe : -d man w ith the toma
hawk and the .ci.iping knife against the
women and r I i! L -n of the colonies.se
that tiie phrase "May wo not use all the
means which God and nature have put in
our power to subjugate the colonies ?" has
passed into a legion of infamy agains-l the
loader of that ministry who used il in Par
liament. Shall history teach us iu vain?
Could we justify oursulves lo ourselves ?
Although with arms in our hands amid
the savage wiljnessof camp and field, wo
may havo blunted many of the finer mor
al sensibilities, in letting loose four mill
ions of worse than savages upon the homor
and hourtb-s of the South, can we be justi
tied to tho ! hristian community of Massa
chusetts? Would such a course be conso
nant with the leaching of our holy reli
gion 1 I have a very decided opinion on
the subject, and il any one desires, as 1
know your Excellency does not, this uu
hiipy contest to bo prosecuted in tlia,t
manner, some instrument other than tny.
bolf must be found to carry it on. I may
not discuss the political bearings of thi.-1
topic. When 1 went from under the shad
ow of my roof tree I li ft all politics behind
nie, ty be resumed only when every part
of the Union is loyal to tho flag, mid the
potency of tho Government through the
ballot-box is established.
"Pu-sing the moral and Christian view,
let us examine the subject as a military
que.-tion. Is not the State already subju
gated which requires tho bayonet cf thus ,
armed in opposition to its rulo-rr. t.i pre
serve it from the horrors of a servilo war
As Ihe least cxpciienoed of military men,
1 would have no doubt of the entire sub
jugation of a State brought to that condi
lion. When, therefore unless I am bet
ter advised any community in the Uni
ted States who have met rue in honorabb.
warfare, or even in the prosecution f
rebellious war in tin honorable tnan,ne;.
shall call upon me for protection agains.'
tho nameless horrors of a servile insurret.
tion they shall hsva it, and from tho mo?
mert that call is obeyed, I have do douL
we bhall be fritndi and not enemies."