Cleirfttli)
111 MtirMr
.. .... ' . - w
PRINCIPLES, not MEN.
JY 0. B 000DLANDER & CO.
TERMS -51 25 per Annum, if paid lniulvauco
CLKAKHFXI), PA. WK1)NESCA, MAY 15, I8C1.
VOL XXXI. WHOLE NO 1G5V.
NKWSF.ItlKS VOL. I. NO VI
Stlcct !octrn,
IflE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER.
The history of the composition of this
popular song is perhaps familiar to every
one. Its author, -Francis -S. Key, on the
ilSthof Svptcinptfr, 1x14, If it Jialtimore
with a flai; of truce, for the purpose of
procuring the release from the llritish
ieet of a friend of his v'ho had oeen cap
tured Rt Marlboro.' lie whs not permitted
to return, lest the imeiido-J attuek on
Baltimoreshould be disclosed, but was kept
bUke flag ship oil night and coin
pelied to witness the bombardment or
Fott Uc Henry, which the Hiitish Admi
ral had boa.ted he would curry inn few
liours. and thus cause the. fall of the
city. Mr. Key watched the Bag at the
Fort through t he w hole day with the most
intense anxiety, and never withdrew bis
ye from it until darkness setup u bar
rier to its vierr. During the niiht ho
watched the bomb shells, Mid at tiie first
glimpse of daylight he again appeared up
on deck in anxious haste and with beating
heart. He was thrilled with joy at bo
Lolding the flag of his country still w living
in the breeze. Under tre inspiration of
these incidents bo penned the thrdling
lines. Who can rmd them without par
Ukiiig of the spirit w hich animated the
bosom of the wiiler n that occasion, or
feel the warm blood course nioro rapidly
througL his veins ?
Oh !fy, can vou see by tho dawn's early liyht.
What o i-rmidly we buil'ii at the t iligtit'n lt
gleaming,
WbuM broiid irii) auil bright stars through Hie
peri uus f'Klit,
Cer the mparts newatcle'dwere so gallnutlr
itrtuuixug ?
And the rockets red glare, the bombs bun-ting iu
ir
Care preof through thought that our Bug waf
till there ;
Oh!J does the rtar-PiHDgltd bunner Jet wave
Oar the land of iho free, aud the bone ol the
brate
Ca taWe dimly seen through the mist? or the
deep,
Where the foe's haughty hot in dread tilence
reputes,
TVbatls tlmt wlikli the breeie, o'er the towering
Al it fitfully lil.iws, half conceals half discloses ;
Sow it catches the gleaui of ihti uioruiDg's first
beam,
Jn full jlory reflected now shines on the stream :
'Tktinstur-sj'unylod luuner, oh ! long-uy it
Cer the land of the free, and the home of the brave!
Aad akere i' that bund who vauctingly fwora
That lli havoc of war and the buttle 'e contusion
A boute and a country sliuld leave u-i no mure ?
Their blood lias waia'd uuttliofu.il foototrj.s'
J0 lution.
K refuge could tr.ve the hireling an', slavi
Proa the tcnwi of Sight or the g!u.,ia of the grave;
And tho riar .q angled taiimr iu triuuijiu uVih
wine
Cr the land of the free, anl tho home of the
brave.
Oh! thas bj it ever when freemen .sliill ftan l
Between their loud hon.e and the war's deso
lation, Xilcft'd with victory and pence, umy the Heaven
rescued iKf.ii
I'raUe the Power that hath n-.ade and j. reserv
ed u a i.utiou.
Thon Co.Mji Lit r. ittsT, whvu our cause it is
just,
Aiilthu ha oar motto, ' (jut) is orn Thist!"
And b star-spangled bunucr in triuui;h shall
wave
0'T the land "f the rurr, and the home of tht
BAVE.
ittisttlhiifous,
Kaking it Pay.
The geiitleiiKni who hav the contracts
for ubsit tin.g the volunteers of the tate,
will doubt leaf, "non make a sum suflicient
to retire on. The rations in tho regulai
United State- Army, are commuted at
Mtrry cents per ky .or each sold.er. The
eontractors in our StAte receive and
Jtlry cetilf jn-r ' for each man, while thera
tion furnished our volunteers, uro of
much interior quality tj thoso furnished
the regular urmv.
2'he uiiscruble food which bus been
dealt out to our volunteers at Columbus,
-it U said, docs not cost iho contractors
fj'lccn cmi a Joy. The number now at
Columbus is about SlW. The profits,
therefore, per day, n.tist be about S4'o(i.
This if paiiiotisin with a veni-eance!
Th above we clip liom the Stark (Joun-
-t IW.ir.ner.it We do not Minnnsft t lint,
n "putriolisni ' fpokeu ot is conhned to
Ohio. We are inclined tathinkthat in
Pennsylvania contractors are also making f
,good thing out of the job at the expense :
,oi the poor oldiers.A;i. Intel. j
The destruction of the Gosoort Na-i
V.,,1 . . v i n i- i i
! : Ul )r!olk' lnv.olve;J an " 1
iutuoo t,t itroiiertv
to the Govern-'
timi.i..,i l,v v,.Vr,.. t ; .1, ... ",iiuvi
jimi Itu.ietii.. t . .fi i . . . .... ,.
Yard in the coutur.
i-'bi. ! ii J. r,
Jhat it was left unprotected i
protected arter t'l if
talk of the irgmiuns about taking it. No
,less than eleven United States vesels of
..of war w ere sunk or burnt, including four
..of ihe largest in the Nary, but only lour
.or five of them were fit for sea service.
ybree of these, the Menimack, Plymouth.
or. finrnmntrnvn were fit for i.,mu
.:,.. ..i.,,t ... i. I, ....i.. ,
wwm ui iiuiis . 'laixu ....UK.., uy. i;riri.
. . . . ' ... 1 1
ilea their lmg rtllioved. Jt is stated
il,.i. .,i,;.it,i.nist- r.r
cbatc use to the rebels was destroyed.
. .
leaving the workshops, r.rir.ories, foun
idriat, ship timber, ic, uninjjred. Ma
ny tbousuiid stands of arms and rcvol
Tera, and a vast amount cf shot and shell
were thrown into the harbor, over fifteen
hundred car; nan were spiked, and Urge
quantities of provisions, material and
uiacLieij were dt stroyed.-X . J'u-
put
9God men have the fewest fears.
lie has one ho fears to do wrong, lie
ha a thouand who hns overcome that
one.
jThe Invasion and Capture of Wash
ington in 1814.
At this juncture in our history, a brief
j relerer.ee to the invasion nnil circumstan- War i,.partnier.t9 ; destroyed tho mate
ces unending the capture of Vuhington, , nft, jn th(J Y(I-0 w; iteliwnef ollic, and
i by the Kr.tish lorees, under Admiral .. . t ,ho jdow; des-
Cockbuin and Ooclirane.will not be map-
propriate; and as many of those strangers
now at the capital way leel interested to
uiui K me lO'jttiiuos wnere me nrst
a tirst n8' -
I subsequent
ivl encoiiiitcr occurred mik.
events took place, tnese will no uotea ,
o, lei y in tlie oraer in wii.cn tuey nans. rumajllg i(, evcry Uirectiw. A
l'll;t'a-. ,. . ,. .... frightful tornado immediately swept over
During the ear y portion of the sum- , L . destroying building, and proper
Uier u! 1&14 Cockburn' Heel lay along g Aeln of Uie p(M,eral work
the coast ot irg.nm, Maryland and the o'f (Ipstruction Very many of tho enemy
Cheapeake, when they were joined ttnd of ,ho inhuiji(;ull3 we.e buried in the
me uiuu oi Augusi, uy ,c...u. c3
direct from Bermuda, both numbering to
gether twenty suil. Uur (Jovernment was
apprised ot hostile intententions upon
the capital, bui General Arm.stiong, then
Secretary of War, protested a disbelief in
the tuiaun, and the Aattonal liUdurjcnca ,
proverbiullv cautious then, as now, in its
lautious men, as now, , JM
coiic.usions, uouueu the probability oi
iKiue lnieiiiions utiou iue citpuui.
l'resident Madison, however, bad taken
some precautionary steps, by ordering a
militia orgt.nua'.ion, which he ueeineu
suflicient lor the occasiou, in addition to
a flotilla of barges, bearing guns, placed
under tht cotuuiand of Cupt. Joshua, liar-
npi ah, J iit,.tiflfil to flipi.k Hp.t4 in ftjld
vaiicing toward the capital. l!ut after
- ' v ...
oilin. ,M. ll, I ,iv tho lrr..in 1 1 i.ml.orl.--
t "1" J -
ed al lienedict, on the batiks ol the J a-
tuxenl river, on the l!Uth of August. On
the follovvifg day the army, consisting of
four thousand men, teak up their march
toward the infant city. They were with
out artillery ur cavalry, and marched un
der the heat of a midsummer sun to illa
deiisbtirg, which they reached on the -4th
liy adopting this route, the Uotillu atl'or
ded nc protection 10 the city, aad, to prc
Vei t the guns ot boats from being taken
and used against the capital, ttiey were
blown up oti the morning of tUe -2d, by
order of Vm. Joues, the S'.-creU'y of tho
Navy.
J he approach of ihe troojs unJer Maj.
Gen. Koberl bos and Admii aH.ockbu. n,
was watched by I'redcnt Madison in per-
son, who directed eight thousand inexpe-
i icnced aud undisciplined militia to Ilia-
densburg, under the com maud of Gen.
Winder, to oppose the four thousand
Iiitish soldiers. Cupt. li.irney, having
i .i i. .. it,., ,1 !.. .: i.i ; i ......
icMiuici iuc uoiiii,juiiiru iue iuimui j
fores of Gen. Winder, w ith one hundred
seamen and his held pieces. On the af
ternoon of the 2-V.h, the liritish opened
tir-, which was s-tccesstullv returned by
Laitiev's sailors, who niiiiiilaiiied their l o-
httion nobly, while tho raw lecruits, mis
der W.t.tle , kept at a r pjectful ilistatice,
ho, uiidi tiii hula or i:o service Avith
their muskets, sxm broke ranks and
I , . .... a . 1 ll f I... M '.,.-. l!,p.,aV
seamen fought bravely, and their guns
proved lombiy deiiructtvo to me enemy
He was overcome, howe ver, aft r three
hoars' hard fighting. Hanked by eui-erior
numbers, and finally fell A'mnded by tlie
i.l,, r,f eleven of his men who were killed
at their guns. He ordered a retreat, and
..ave himself no. U.s bravery contrasted
nobly witu the disgraceful cowardice of
the militia. The iiihtia, without waiting
for the commander to souud a retreat,
took sudden leave of tiia battle-field, und
made a direct line for thd woods. The
liritbsh experienced a severe loss in their
ranks, stated by the histoiian Gleig, cf
the Nith Koval regiment, as high as five
hundred men killed, wounded, and mis-
sing. Colonel Thornton, commander of
the light brigade; J.uutcnaut CoU nel
Wood, commander of the H.jth regiment :
and Major Brown, who led on the ad-
vance troops, were severely wounded,"
while (ieneial Uoss bad a bo-se killed
under uim. Thu loss was small on the
part of Barney's mf n ; and the Euglish
author tefe; ted to "above admits that if
the militia had done thcir.duty the victo-
ry wo'ild undoubtedly bare been on iho
American side. Of Barney's hundred
sailors be speaks in the highest terms, re
marking that "not only did they serve
their g ins with a quickness and precision 1
...UI.U ..s uinsucu i.ieii assiumins, i.uw
tnej si.wa mi some oi mem wereactual.y
bayorietted with fuses in their hands; nor
was it till their leader was wounded and
taken, and ihey saw themselves deserted
on all sides by the solders, that they qnit-
ted the field."
uen. itoss led me nurd nntisn ungate !
into the city, and up to the Capitol, on
approaching which his horse was shot '
liom under him by one of P.arney't men,
who bad concealed himself in a house for i
J V ""s '"""euaneij -
euieiea, i,ie niuiuies pui la
and the building and contents
iue tworu.
ing and contents burned. A
i'oiicj was urin imu iue hiujr oi me
...n... ,.l . . i - l - r . i I
vap.to.. nen 1 lie troors eniereu t ck-
bu, D ,ook tlje I'dier s chair, ano. asked 1
"'e question, "Shall this aarbor of 1 an-
kee Democracy be burned? All for it
a.' i w mnpiipi' tin iiiirnrtii ' am i.-w if
say aye .' lie reversed the question, pro-;
iiuuiicM ins moiion carrieu, aiu araerea ,
the torch to be put to tho building
was soon in nms.
As a prudential step, the Secretary of
'"e . avy ordered Lommoiiore . Jingey to ;
lire the navy yard, which, with the sloon '
.. . - ' i
nf vL-ur .... t; l i
i "-'.'", - .uhs, r i iuw ua.cs,
two gun-boat. and ail the naval stores.
Uu, ciifiL i ... I , , 1. .-.,.. -
-- lu .ue i.umrs. nun'ire'i inmates iiineiv-twj perisneu. i" - - - ;
Iho British troops then proc?eled to The remaining eight, who were already ' the independence of th so-C4,ied ti
the Jreasury and President's mansion, j hardened villains, formed them-elve? inro federat" State-, is entirely sati-factory, al
bolh ot which they hied tho Presidtnt a band of fr--io!er. and bad rone, it thih it was attended by reservation cf
having retreated, with Lis Cabiuet. on !
norseoacK, ur-ross the Potamac. That
riight, the army encamped on Capitol
Llul and were expo.ed to a wtrf storm,
with heavy launder, which added inten
sity of ae to the dismal scenes which
bad just been enacted. During the ni 'lit
a grand-nephew of Gen Washington rath
ly alUckei the kentries, and was ,hot
down. The Ion; bridge was simultane
ously rc J, at each eDd, by tLe oppos rif
parties each apprehensive of n attack
by the other.
Next mornimz tho Pritish burned the
ith the Nnvv and
; u d ,(ie relnaining buiblinps about the
' , . t (jreenleur Point;
torcl jnt0 a wol, whera a iaT?e
,luant:,y 0f powder was concealed, which
CX)lo)lw)i aeatroyiii nearly one hundred
f . . i h lroo.Hi 80ftucriiig their mu
ruin, nr i.mldinr' blown down. Tlioenemy
was alat rued for their own sMety, and
withdrew from the city in the ovening,
and hurried toward tlm place of embarka
tion. After a bmse of half a cer.ury of peace
0 .
ful prosperity nnd rapid progress in the
w.(lfandc0m-nlorcL. Washington is again
irea(0Dte(J witll inv,uion under circum-
! stances
..... . r .1
former
foe, and the sympathies of the whole na
tion were bounl tocether as ouo united
tieonle. Now the enemy, or rather the!
enmity, Las arisen amongst ourselves, and
vastly utllereni irom wiose on ilb:"'"-!
occasion. Then we met a foreign clothing, and i
we propose to dash from our lips the cup! 7 """""s""',""'"
..f.1 . . . , 1 N L.tioA it 1 1, i inupcontv rif nnr f urn tf
..r I . : i i
long eu.;ru,
nf throw rLe
IWtlOnilUOa IratriCltlal
..... :.i;...i
through the wickedness of political fanat
icism, North and South rAlLP'jiuu
Earthquake in Chili.
We take the following graphic des
cription of the earthquake in Chili, from
tho Valparaiso correspondent ef the New
York llcrard:
Yjiu araiso, April od, 1G1.
With feelings of deep regret 1 have to
announce to you the utter destruction ot
the city of Mendoza, in the Argentine He
' public, by an earthquake, on tlu evtiiiug
0i (h,. 'Jiiih mirch list
At that
date, at
half pa-st eight F..M., a slight, but prolong-
eJ vibration of tho earth was felt in t his
tity and in Santiago simultaneously. Mo-l
of the churches were densely tilled, it be-
ina u:ir the close of Lent, and some .d-
arm and confusion was created, but no se -
nous accidents occurred, and tranquility
. i
was soon restored.
U.i Sunday, the 21th, however, a gener-
Ul tlOUIil Hrtl 11131 lull VII" I'l UlCail.
1 11.; I...
nriniioement hv telei'rauli from tlie eari-
1 lliHt Henino J!rur.o. the :njd ri.J.-.r'
hd arrived from Mendoza that morning
without a mail, bringing the distiessing
news that there remained but a heap of
iuins to point the spot wlicm, a fe.v days
before, had stood a thriving au l populous
. C W lu.l ..i!j
i, i .1..., l, : ... I ..t M l...'r,r n 117 ll't..i,rl 1-,1 l,,v,. I.ofn
... !,, nnrnim, nf tl... linl, that ..t
half past eight I'.M., a brief but excessive-
ly violent shock of eagthqoalw. lusting
butix or eiel.t seconds! destroyed every
l.nililinrr nut.lic nnl t.rivate. in tho itv.
and that the numVr who were enabled to
wn wa verv lnniteJ. he streets be-
jng nsrrow, the buildings high, and the
inhabitants totally unused to such phen-
omena, were paralyzed with terror, and
neglected to seek icfuge in the o en
r.aurts of their dwellings until too "a.e.
The Postmaster was buried lenc.nth the
ruins of the Post Office, the Governor was
missinu. and when aked why ho brauch t
qo certificate that the mails were lost the
messenger replied
there was no one left
to write
w ith."
it, nor any materials to write
The aspect presented by the city after
the first shock was territi c. Hoars? sub-
terran run thunders deafened the air, ani-
mals of all ginds rushed frantically thro'
the ojK-n spaces howling, the earth open-
ed und vomited forth floods of water,
hile, to crown the scene of horror, flames
burst from the rains ana consumed near
ly the entire business portion of the city
with its dead, its dying, and its wounded.
On the 2th a r.uniber of letters were
received here and at Santiseo by relatives
ana rnenosot Ohileans residing in .nendu-
and friendsof Chilean? residing in Mendo
la, but the hope, until tnen entertained,
that the enrlier accounts were exaggera-
ted, soon cave wa; to the dreadful cer-
lainty that the calamity bad not vet l"eti
imiiited in colors sufficiently vivid. The
earth still continuel to tremble, the few
walls tfiat liad resisted the first shock one
by -)ne fell, until now no vettige of a!
building remains. The mountain roads '
are in a rno.-t dangerous condition, riot '
only on account of the huge mas s of
tock tnat nave ajreary unien anu oo-
structeil the roau, but because llio vibra-
tun of the earth is still hurlinc them
. r . , . . - . r. .
uown irom iue neiguis above into t tie val.-
Irvg.
The wichoi, or native of the surroun-
ding country hastened to the spot, not o
assist the needy or aid in rescuing the
wounded from a lingering dath, but to
se'K lor plunder among trie smoKing rums
lt;nnd in snatch the little saved fi-om tho
wretched snrvivors. onr gentleman n
ting from thence, after iescribing tnese
horrors, nays : " 1 believe tlmt we shall
have no other law here than that of the
. i ii
j.oinam.
The r.rison was dastroved : out of one
Ii ,..i: .. . l
was sm,r,o,-d. to the mountain r fsse. to
intercept and rob the r arties rer.t from
Chile fur the rc'k f cf the
sutterers.
i ms
n-rrr in n m frtii..! w.l.r.iwl nit 1 til 1 1 Tt 1 ."'rPt'l
lv the roa-Isi le. was reconizl a
finiilt TKar rt- all liar TtArUliPil nn the
2'it.ij. ' "
" Id' the Jesuil church there was rreacb-
in th.t Th rt-iri h 1 iust
excluded, and the congregation ibout
dispersing, when the ahock came. The back into tho Union, or a peaceable ac
few who had reached the plaza were .ived, ! quiescenco in the assertion of their claim
but the walls and roof of the building to a separ ite sovereignty. Tho time w hen
uno inward with a crash, and priest these questions bad pertinencv or plausi
and penitent together were hurried into bility has passed away. Tlie United
eternity. 'States waited patiently, while their an-
Tho latest advices from Mendo.a repre thority was defied in turbulent assemblies
sent the ullering to be extreme, there be- and in seditious preparations, w illing to
ing neither food, clothing nor shelter f r hope that the mediation oll'erred on ull
the survivors, everything being buried sides would conciliate and induce the
beneath the ruing. They also state that disaffected parties to return to a Letter
San Juan ana ftan i.nis, two other popu -
lous cuies oi me t,onlsieralioii, lmvo cuangea. 1 ho uisiirgentj have insti- strumts, by the power ol might; liunori
sharel a like fate, the San Juan river hav-1 tuted a revolution, with op n, flagrant ties have no other safety but in tho laws
ing, after the shock, left its bed, and and deadly war to compel tho Unite J 'and tho constitution of the country .
swept over the town, utteily destroying State to acquiesce in tho dismemberment Whenever these barriers are overthrown
what th-earthquake bad spared. This of the Union. The United States have I thero is an end to free government : pop
news not having been fully confirmed, 1 accepted this civil wjr, as an inevitable ! ular impulse takes tho place of govern
I do not, however, vouch for its correct I necessity. The constitutional remedies ment, anarchy r.-cvtiils, und in time of
oess.
As soon as this disastrous news was ren-
dered Idvond (piestion, tho government
and private individuals vied with one an-
other in energetic efforts to send imineli-
ate relief to their suffering brethren. thority, und to save the Uu iou from dan
Vithout wuitint! for the completion of the ier.
work, on the .iWUi a party
and others left for the
of physicians
scene of the
.a.. i,n ..o(lt !
bearing medicines, food and
accompanied by a s:nall body
cf troops.
the re'.
Ihe gloom spread throughout
public of C'h'le by this awful calamity may
be imagined. Situated upon an eminent-
, I.. I : : i ......
lexistence,
Scj-artUH but by a chain of
mountains from the scene of destruction,
and taught by s.i l experience the tright- ultnost every other country, and these moiit hits been growing in our land lgr
tul and irresistible force of the unherald- w ill stand hereafter, as they are now, ob-' years ; it has boon taught in our pulpits,
ed earth storm, we retire each ni-il.t with jects of human wonder and human at!ec- fulminated from tho bench, and sown
a feeling of terrible insecurity. Thv coast lion. You have seen on the eve of your broadcast over the land by the press. At),
has been frequently visited, in pat years, 'departure, I be elasticity of the National peals havo been constantly taken from tho
by earthquakes. Chilian has been tw ice ' spirit, the vigor of the National Govern- ' country, to what is falsely termed tho
destroyed; ('oneepcion once, while Yal- j ment, aud the lavish devotion of tho Na-1 " higher law " which is only another name
puiaiso, Santiago aud Copit.po havtsu fl'er-' tional Treasury to this great cause. Tell ' for license, violence and nmb law. '1'hoso
d severely. No amount of human fore-' M. Tl.ouvenel, then, with the highest ecu- teachings have been the primary cause of
sight, no precaution prevails against the sidcratior. and good feeliutr.that a thought ' bringing on tho nation its present calaiil
nvst rious visitor, who comes at dawn, at of the dissolution of this Union, peaceably ' iy of civil war, and if not restrained by
noonday or at midnight, and, in u few or bv force, has'never entered into the , bet to r counsels will culminate in a reign
moments, levels to the ground Die
iroudest iu jtiuiucnts of human skill.
Europe ar.d the United State3.
j 1 P""TAM I.Krit.ll rilM .-K'T.lT.ltY
i f-hWAitU To MlMltlt I-AVTO.N.
A dispatch from Mr. Fauiker, Miui-ter
1 to Fr.itiee oot-.Tiriiu the st.item.iit we have
J already pjUi-hid, concerning his inter -
I - , r i i . i . l-
iien iui .h. iiioutenti, me rreniu Jim-
; i-t.-r of horeign AlUirs ; M. 1 houvttiel
I , lii, I l.ol l,., tv.,11. lu in
; .vi.'.im- ,nw, iwhvv ....
(haste to recoi:iiie the .South rn 'Jotlfeder
aev. and desired to ee tho Union resto-
red. Mr. Seward ha since written ihe
, foil"" ing letter of int-tructk ns to Mr
J l'aytcii. oui new Minister t. Franco:
J ltl APiaM or Siail.
; W.isiiim.ion, May 4lh, 101. j
1 S I ' '1 'I !. 1 1 I I .:, I I' 1 1 I V f.' 1 T t .r A, 1 ... ... a
' ceived. Thi bitter ackliuvlcd -t i n -j the'.
receipt "tour letter or lecall. und an-
nouncing his intended return, requires no
special notice. No. 117 bears lU dato 0,-
' the 5tli of April last. It contain only
an expo-itioti cf Mr. Faulker's views of
the l.olicy which this Govert.ment ousht
to pursue in regard to the distui bed eon- 1 . V" ' . ' , .. ' " "'""-' "o...
diuon ol allair, at home-but. at the 1 W'V"". tLe I'"1'1"1 'ulian- demands extra
same time, gives us ro inforti atioii (.c,n. ordinary measures. At mat Hal law be
cerirng the State cfour atlairs in France, i J"?'' p'fc''' h - that the r.pera-
The it,s!rit.-tioi,s heretofore t r in.-iniin;, I fu,n of ordwM-y legal delays of justice
tovou will show you the Pre-id -nt's s'1;l'(-n'1 b' "'e military power.which
v:er on the subject Mr. Fauliner lias ' flr t,ie l1uu; ,'t,co;u" -ui'vieo.
di'cusso.1 ; end these will be vour guide, ! , , Mispendi the operation of the writ
' notwithstanding any dilb rent opinions
J'Dur predect-or may have expre-d or
t , 1 , ,. -',,,.,
, ieit on record at i ans. .o. n wars
: date of the lv.h of Ai.nl last, and eon -
. tains a repo; t of an official conversation,
and also of an unofficial one held between
', Mr. Faulkner at.d M. Tliouvetiel. In the
( former conversation, M. Tl.ouyeue! asked
I Mr. Faulkner whether there is not some
diversity of opinion in the Cabinet of the
President as to the proper mode of meet
ing ihe difficulties which now disturb the
relations of tht States r.nd th Genera!
Government.
Mr. Faulkner, in ic; !v, said that l.c
bad no information on the subject. The
ninttr is of no gieat moment, yet it is de-'
ni.nir is or no gie.-n m-meiii, jnn is ue-
sirable ttiat there should be no mi - appre -
hfnsion of the true state of the Govern -
ment in the pre-vnt emergency. You
mv therefore recall thai conversation to
' M. Thouvenel's memory, and tien assure
' him explicitly that there is no diligence
of ontnion tihatever t-etween me 1 resi-
dent and h:s con-titutional advi-ers, on
among those advi-ers themselves, eon-f
cernine the policy that has been pursued, i
and which is now prosecuted by the Ad-
niininraui o m i.ua i mc """"IfJ
di-lurbanee exisnns in u.;s eounirj.
! T he rath ol executive duty has thus ur
, . " - l. i 1 . 1 , . .
t-een uhj pinu huimjiuuh'; siem u-
' cesiities 10 be triisiaken, w bile tlie soletu'
' nit y of the great emergency, and theres-
poii'ibiiity it devolves, have extinguished
! in the public councils every emotion but j
those of loyilty and patriotism, it is not
m ir,c iwn' w mis t""-1
this Government ts to ccrne t.i nn end
at all, mucii ie-a inr iue rtiii. ui rmiiMuirj
or in devotion to the country. M. Thou-
vene. s declaration that the Lniiec Males
rosy rest well assured that no hasty or
... . -.,1 .1 .1
i . .,..;,.,isi net:.ir. will t ,.-n nn tho
subiect of the apprehended app.icatior-
. r m.uriprtiitiiiU fi,rp-.,rnitinnf.r
v iews coiiw-n.iiig general principles l pi
c.'.Vle to a caiie tint nee 1 not now be dis-oi-el.
In the iinr'!';tisl oonveriitsont
Mr. Fuulkntr ssvs that ho himself ex-
rl tl. cj'ir.ion tat force would not
cedini: States into s'jbmis-ion to the Fed-
jeral ajtherily.an I thit the only lolution
of the difficulties would be found in such
DiO'bficatioiu of the constitution! com-.
pact aa would invite the ceding States
no altogether
for the omnlust of the insurgents are
still open to them, and will remain so;j
but on the other hand, the land and tho
' naval forces of the Union have beer, put '
into activity to restore the Federal aus
; You cannot be fie decided or too oxpli-.
cit in making known to the French ;ov -
ernment that there is not now. nor has
.t... .1 1
1 there been, nor will there be, any, or tho
I jeusi, iucu eAisini 111 win uuu'rntueiiii,
' of suflerini! u dissolution of this Union to '
I :.l - . . i , ,
lake place iu any way whatever. There
! will be here onfv one nation and one
. , . , , , i . ,
woven me,n am mere win t,e mo sanio
If ..,,, 1. 1 o m 1 1... .i.tn f V . I , I ..t ,r,i ll.nl
has already survived a dozen ational
ch.wiL'Cf,, and chances of Government in
mind ot any candid statesmen here ; and
it is hi'h tune that it bo dismissed by
bo uismisscu oy ,
statesmen in F.urope.
t nn Sir i-..i.,.,.ifullv i'n"r nlx.iliont
'servant' Si -tied W H Ss.vark
-j'o Wm. I. Datton' lwi ,Vc .to.,
' '. . ' ' '
What IS Martial Law ?
. , . . ,it:,.,ir. r
Aim. pies u ci isis, me .itnnn & ii e oi
! , , i?'",,, '"'!.. ,.V?tl' i h
little iicenrale setiy ol Its lileatilli . tie
.,
. ' i .?';. . ! . ;..! i .
,.M , . . a IMC
.established for tlie Goveinmeiit of the ar-
i ln)
nd navy f lhi United Slates,"
I wno-e principal rules ate lo be louti'l m
the artiUcs if war .rc;ciib. d Ly net of
j Congress. P.Jt Cbaneellor Kent says thU
I dtfiuion applies only to military hiT,
. while martial law is ipiite a distinction,
' and is f junded on p;ir:unouni necessity.
, . , , ,
pioi. iituen i'v a military eni.
tial law is generally
and vaguely
, "V. "'Y. " 0' ''
''lvl1 I;'cess-at.d as turn, ap-
r' 'iates closely to a military despot-
i . . .. . . .
; It is nn arbitrary law originating in
. pm''ri-'cricies. In tnnc-s of extreme peril
ot ift'Ji'i. ; enabp's pel sons charged
'? ' i'"'r,iy tnen t,y
( olirt Mar nil in. tend tA l.ini.l .lure inc.
. . ,
1 'cnes und se,ur?s of private
I'" " ,', ..... ,..,l.l J"7rU-U'll Ul
public highways and o'her means of com
ni::r.ication. Involving -the highest exr
ci-e o s.ivf reignty, il in, of fours, capa
ble of great :d,ue, and is only to he justi
fied on emergencies of the nost impera
tive and perilous nature, such as no ap-l-c-ar
t exist iu Baltimore and Washing
ton. Wimt is a Hriiivr.NT? As this q'lesf ion
is often a-ked bv men not verv familiar
with fhe 'point, and circum-tanees of war'
.,- , n .;., OI ..animation as fur-
we give the following organization as fur- J
i n,oJ j . a u,ji;t.,ri- fiend
j re-iment consists of ten cftoptnies
' one Oom. one I ieutenant Colonel one
.. ' 't. ,.r
ij',.tl . l'i en -Cniitains, ten first I.ieut
tf. 'fiPrf,ni r iuteiririts All com-
. ,
x COnipa-v contain'! seventy-Feven men
;nctu,iini' oiheers": t'a ptaini one; iir.t
j pp,,,, j ieutennnts - four Set I'eants
four"joi poral's one drum one file and
mi
tixy-four privates.
...
f.?- hen a memlier of a military rompa-
l . . . , , , w , . .
nv at lartiieuea'i, ,in., was cai.ed to
d'utv, ho was tndeavoring to di ivo an un-
ruy into bi t en. fie tried once after
the tturnrnnns, and failed, when be left
the contrary creature, with a "darn the
hog, it mu-t wait till after the war ;",
nnd in ten minutes was on ins way to tno
drill room
EA.Fjn is tho rno;t conservative ele
mcTA 0f society, ought to t chensed and
' anj encouraged bv all lawful means.
i!0ple nevT plot miscinoi when they are.
merry. I-auchtcr is an enemy to malice, 1
a foe to scar.!,!, and a friend to every tir- '
iue.it promotes good temper, enlivens '
the heart and brightens the intellect. ,
Let us lau.'h m hen we en. !
A "'Ai.rr'r.M pat'er save that a larg
r.tim'ir ' f men are in a disabled condition
at nnd around the Eruiquela qiiek-.i'-
, ver inlf, in SviUChik r.junty.w lio have
wcrk'nt! the mine,
Some cf them are re
ported to 1
or raise a I
e unab.e to i.u u ojwi oi tea
.und to their mouths. This is
the reult, it is said, of carele,ness by rg-
r.orant laborers.
iniina. isut tho ruse is
T&e Dangers of the Times.
In tho present crisis thero is more to b
feared fiotn the revolutioiiniy temper of
tho times than from secession or tho in
surrection of States. .Submission to tho
laws and the constituted authorities of
the government, iw the only safety to liny
people, (lovernments arc formed, consti
tutions are adopted only for tho protec
tion of the weak. Majorities can looted
! themselves in tho absence of theso re-
excitem .'til no one Out: lorelell what ex-
cesses of violence the unrestrained impul
ses of men may lead to. That pooplo
which takes ihe law into its own hands,
regardless of the fmuis and restraints of
written luw, invokes a demon of discord
which can only bo allayed in blood, "they
! who take the sword bhall perish by the
1 sword ; " the victors ol to day may bo the
victims of to morrow : they who destioy
1 personal liberty, freedom of opinion and
ill... i- I r . !. . .1........ I l.;M
iuu nwnuiii oi iue ounu inuu
own defenses and leave (1 emselves opo
to tho next popular outbreak, which is iw
changeable as the winds. More crimes.
'i -i : . . .i : . i. , r :i .
, nave ueeu co.i.unneu . u.e name ul .u-
ort v 1 ttn 11 tvrnnt rn wire vrr Iim, I t in tinw.
er to perpcliate.
This spirit of insubordination to govern,.
of terror ,vhen no man s life or liberty
1 will be safe beyond his physical power U
' protect it.
' When the violent and rocklesi nro oti-
! couraged and incited by the loading men
I ft the country to acts ol personal violence
j under a mistaken impulse of patriotism,
j what ower can restrain the samo men
when by another impulse iu unreasoning
(ir i m 1 o I to resist the povcrn-
uient m hich they think they are now do-
, .. .... J J . . .
leirJitli' ! I ll's men wlio to diy Violently
compel law abiding cituons to raise the
,. . - .. , . , , . . . ... .
flag ot the Lnioti in token ot thuir sup..
port of the got eminent, will, when their
ipa-sions or pi ejudiccs are thwarted by
that same government, as fiercely assail
; this honored i n lign of our country, blot
out perhaps cno half its stars, hanging at
half m is', union d nvn, d:ap') it in black,
and oiler it o'her indignities which has
.heretofore been dotio by those who ari
' now most cl.tmuious iu their demonstra
tions of fidelity to the fl ig of the country.
Wo have been led to theso remarks by
. observing tho spirit of in-ubordinatiou
und the revolutionary declamations of
many of tho-e claiming to bo tho party
fri-Mids of the present AdinmistrHioii. A
political clergyman in New York recent
ly said :
" I disapprove of tin; principles of the
ItVvolutiuu.iry war. It was waged against
lawful authoiity. I regvd the war of
1"1'J as still worse, The Mexican war 1
opposed with all my heart; but tho pros
em war J approve. Jtisa lloiy war. It
is a war f r the extei iniuatiOti t ('slavery ."
The New York 'J'nuis of Wednesday
last u-es the f ollowii g treasonable Ian
gu.igi:
' Ac will simply rntnr k thitt Iho
President runs no small risk of b ing su-pei-eded
in his otli (, il be undertakes to
thwart the clear and iiianil'e-l ileterinina
limi of the peopl i to maintain tho Hot
eminent ol the United States, ar.d to pro-,
tect its honor. We aro in the midst of a
revolution, and in such emergencies tho
people are very apt to tiod some represon
; lativo leader, if tho fuinn of law do not
hajiMMt to hive given them one. It
would be well for Mr. Lincoln to hear
, "lind the .osihilily of such an event."
1 1 'o New oik J';:t, or a late date, ;n an.
' urliol replete with viuper itiou uym tho
1 President and Mr. Seward, in wind, tho
Secretary is characterized as a "dribbler,"
savs : "The in or men we can concen-
t'ate under the c nnn md of somo officer
""ho mean-, to defend tho Union and not
t olIv tho eatut .1 an 1 I he .ess attention
W(J pay to orders from tho government,
1,10 better w'.d wc b" prepared to meet
tho rebels."
In this .Ireadf ul em : gncy tho consnr-
.vative met; ot ihe nation have a ?roat
wot It to do; they have encmifs without
and a still mora d im..rout enemy within.
. . ' . . .
tioiial liberties by dufeudinj; tlie Prosi-
1 hey can only rnainta n the.ir contitu-
dent and all the constituted authorities of
the country. Thev at a to tn .'.i 'n in no
fanatical war for this overthrow of slavery.
They will submit to in military dictator-
. snip usurping tlie powers ot tho govern-
ment. Ihey must fi?ht with the singlo
jiurpose of maintaining the constitution,
and the laws our government as it wu
, transmitted to us by our fathers. It
war of Ocletieo, not of agression
is a
Iu
this sense, and in this only, it is a holy
war, and the bent, and when necessary,
th hand of every patriot in the co tntry
is in it. .Vi.'.t.t ki: Xw.
.
r-VA voting gentletn in grad u'ed t
Yalo recently, with a whito held ant
..." . . . I . .1 I
wht-kers, who entere i v. in uao-n n u..,.i
nn'i iio
lo.r.l iff liltll'l I'JK II JC'I in
one ir-ht, on account of tL anxiety ir.
ciJer.t to a bienni.d examination.
fy-Many a naligiiitit old curm
eon. merelv to gr-tlily bis hatred of hit
I natural heirs, hvs bequeathed his whole
estate to som public inUitution, aad thu,
immortiiiuca uimsei; lor oenevoieuce.