J. H. LARRIMER, Editor.
VOL Villi. N G.
tit jStpuMtaii:
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r'lj'i'y'a?. '8 in"i'nt l""-chnsed him from Col. Humphrey,
Itrtta 1 J mid held him n nil int.'riiral ir tV i- uriim,
jnrtiiiemenu nu maraou wnu me niunoer oi ,
iHtrtiom Jeaired, will he continued till forbid
.kirjtdiocording to these terms.
. T T T it nutiri'n
t). II. IAIVIVI.U r.ii,
DEKTAL CARD.
M. SMITH offers his professional aor vices
to the Ladle and Gentlemen of Clenr-
iM. SMITH oilers ms pnnossiouai aor vices i
. to the Ladies ami (ieiitlcuieii of Clear- j
fciil and vicinity. All operations performed
tilli nsstness anil despatch. lleing luiniliur
nib ill the Into iinprovmenU, ho is prepared to
Bike Artllirlal Teeth in the bent manner.
Ofllci in Shaw's new row.
Sept. Hth, ISM. lyJ.
DK. R. V. WILSON,
H AVISO removed hia office to the new dwel
lin" on Second itreot, will promptly answer
, . . i r
(ipjll iionai cans as nercunui..
jll. n. uniilMER. ' TLST
T A H K I I I 'it ai iwii Auorricye at nw
I i ClcurCeld, Ta., will attohd promptly to C'ul-
uixai, Lalid Ajeneicj, to., Ac, in Cleurfield,
fcatretni Elksouhtie. July 30. y
JOHN TROUTMAN
STILL eontinuca the bu.ineas of Clmir Mukinp,
ud House, Sign and Ornamental Painting, at
ihiihonfornwrly occupied by Troutiuun A Huwe,
iltlnenntend of Murket street, a short distance
MtefLiti's Foundry. Juno l.S ijj.
TIIUMI'SON, HAHTSOCK N CO.
'ron I'oundcrs. Curwennville. An exteusive
L ujortment of Castings made to ordtie
Pec. 2'.', ISil.
LT7a C lSON C HANS,
ITTOrtXEY AT LAW, office ailjoiuiug lis
rt.ileiico ou Soeoud Street, Clea.l vii, In.
Ji,ae 1. 1S54.
II. P. THOMPSON,
Physlrlan, iiiny be found either ut his oflice
st geofiold's hotel, Curwcnsville, when no
thioniilly abatcl. I'ce. 29, ISal
FREDERICK ARNOLD,
... w f ...I . .. .
Merchant anu I'roauce ijcbici, Junius
lurj Clearfield county, I'a.
April li,
F.LLIS IRWIN tSONS,
I T the mouth of lk Uun, ttve miles from
A Olearficld. MERCHANTS, and eaicn.ivc
jUuuiaoturers of Luuibcr,
Jiaj z.i, isoi.
J. D. THOMPSON,
Blacktmlth. Wagons, Buggies, Ac,, Ac. ironed
on short uotico, and the very best style, uthii
)!d stand in the borough of Curwensvillo.
Dec. 23, lib.',.
DR. M. WOOI)!. having chanced his locn
tiun from Curwcnsville to Clearfield, res
pKtfully offers his profos.-ior,al services to tbe
wiiensef the latter pluco and vicinity.
Residence on Second street, opposes u 11 01
J.Cran, Esq. 'y ,j6'
P. VV. BXRRHTT,
fKKf JIAXT, ntOLUt'E AND LUMBER
Jl DKAI.1.U, AND JTSTICE OF Till'.
ftACE, Lnthersburs, Clearfield Co., I'a.
" J.'L. CUTTLE,
i ttnnicy at Law and Land Aseiit.otn
A. adjoining his residence, on Market utree
CWMd. Mareh.l, lSjll.
A. n SII.WV,
RETAILER of Forclpn nnd Domestie Moreh.
sndiie. Shawsville, Clearfleld county, I'a.
Miaaiville, August 15, 185.1.
D. o. CROUCH,
P
1IYSICIAN Office in Curwennville.
May
WM. T. CIIAMBKHS.
CAHRIES on Chnirmnking, Wheelwright, and
house and Sin painting at Curwensvillo,
Cl(r9t!d eo. All orders promptly attended to
Jm. 5, 1858.
R011ERT J. WALLACE, Attohtev at Law,
Clearfield, Tn., Office in Phaw'a Kow, op
Nts the Journal office.
dec 1, 1818. tf.
JOSEPH rKTEriS,
Jw'.iee of the Pcaet, Curwcnsville, Tenna.
fiN'B door east of Mnntclim A Ten Eyck '1
J Store. All business entrusted to him wil I
" promptly attended to, and all instruments 0 f
Wiimione on short notice.
JUrch, SI, 1858,-y.
PtA.STF.HI NR. Tho subscriber, having
Wted himself In the borough of Clenrfleld
ld inform the publio that he is prepared to
w work in the above line, from plain to ornamen
'"ofsnj description in a workmanlike manner.
whitewashing and ropalrirg doneln neat
MM and on reasonable tcrnia.
UUWIN COOPER.
Claarfield, April 17, 1'.RT. J.
YOU II TEETH
TAKE CARE OF THEMU
0R A.M. HILLS, desires to announco to
, i friends and patrons, that he is now de
f;UIjallof bis time to operations In Kentistry.
"H desiring Ids services will find bhn a' bis
i adjoining his residence at nearly ull times,
d a,v H bi.i.. 1 Wttturilnva. unless
otlte to tha eontrarv be riven la the town pa-
" the week previous.
,- B. All work warranted to be satisfactory.
Clearfield, Pa. Pept. a!nd, W.
Miscellaneous.
The Seminole War.
A letter from Key West to tho Charles
ton Courier, announces that Col. Hector,
Indian Agent lor Florida, had succeeded
in inducing some sixty of tho .Seminole I
to assemble nt Fort Myers on tho Uth
February, to embark for New Orleans, lor
(1 oo ' Arkansas. They will bo accompanied by
2 oo tho friendly Indians from Arkansas, nuni
2 50 , berinii twenty. The cori-esnniuliiiit. mliU
, : - - - . . - - .
Colonel Pojtoi-'s interpreter, Sampson,
i in wiv .iiuiitiiia. iio tt us
nmn iMij.i.11,.,!. !... f i:.. II
luiiuciiv nwneu uy colonel uud liutn-
14 00 pmey.ot M. Augustine. During tlio Senil
is oo i nolo wars lie was four times u prisoner
35 00 anions the Indians, and there, learned
their luni'iineo. lie whs cf,iisiil,ie,l nf s,i
i .
jvata. Alia nv-uuui mis 111:11 mill nob
long since, nnd ho now ucclares his inten
tion of becoming a citizen of this place.
He gives us a short account of a journey
i into the Indian country, made w ith Cap
tain McNeil and twoot tho Arkansas dole
, g.dion, .Sampson being tho interpreter for
the party in all their talks witli the Semi-
notes. iiiptain mc;noii was ordered oy
Col. Rector to proceed as far couth as the
ivissimtni river, ana it possible have
river, anu it possible have a
tulk with the Tallahassee tribe. The par
ty consisted of Captain McNeil, a wagoner,
Kotsnchee, a nephew of White Cloud,
both friendly Indiuns, and Sampson, the
interpreter. Tney left Tampico soon uf
ter Chiistmus, and were a week in reach
ing liufi'ulo Ford, on the I'eaco Creek, a
station near the hunting grounds of the
Talhthassees. Mear tho fold they came
upon mi extensivo field planted with po
tatoes coi n and pumpkins. Tlio ground
bore murks of recent tillage, and iho par
ty were notified that Indians were in the
neighborhood. So they attached ft white
Hag mid an Indian fiock to u pole, nnd
raided it in a conspicuous part of tho Held,
win n they left immediately for their camp
across the foi d.
The next day tho friendly Indians wont
to the field and found th frock gone.
(Tho frock was added to the Hag to assure
tho tribe that friendly Indians were with
the whites.) In the place of the frock
they left 'several plugs of tobacco and
some pipe, mid t ' inform them that in
three days they would return, they tied
to the tobacco three abort sticks. I.'otsuc!;
er and White Cloud's nephew kept a bright
lookuot in the vii initv of tlio field, and on
tho second day were rejoiced to hear the
report of gun, and soon niter a w hoop,
which latter .hey returned with interest,
making tho w o.k's ring. A young Indian
came rapidly up and conducted the two
Seminoies to the Sub-Chief of tho Talla
Imssees, who is called the H.in'.-iiig Deer.
They found him on the bank of the creek
under the shade of a cypress, accompanied
by ihrce stout warrior:, well armed with
-.lies and double barrelled guns, and com-foi't-.iUy
clad. The talk was short Hang
ing Deer nnd his triho would never leave
their native land. Ho would, however,
meet Captain McNeil, and listen to what
he had to f;V'.
Tho following d.i.v was appointed for
their appearance. Tho friendly Indians
wpip susiih'ious that treachery w is iiilt nd-
h'I nml thev tiroiio.icd to Captain McN
to go back to Tampa, suggesting mat 1 get it clear uir 11 uay ugiii 0 tme, vtnen we. t lie utmost vigilance on uie part 01 e.icu ( lore sending it abroad. 1 or instance the
Hiin-iii" Deer and his Chief, Crazy Tiger, : succeeded in getting t lie wreck ele.ir of ,, thesj d 1 c.s in tie maintenance of their statistics oi manufactures for liM, show
were deceiving them, and would probably ! the ship; the mainmast being the only rights und interests as involved in its oper- j t hut the value of law malei i d used that
attack them if they remained uny 1 mger ! slick left except main and mmen masts, nth, -v. Nor hiwnny measure so uniform- 1 year was enliat cod from S j,V1 Too Mil to
ill their territory. .So Captain McNeil j At 0 A. M., the wind moderated, watch- ly bullied 'he foresight an t judgment of Sl,Ob,G2S,170 by the process of inanulac
gavo orders to return, and cms -ing Bail'ilo . ed a chance and sou n led to port pumps ; public men. Its practical operations upon turing ui;d at this ratio the raw cotton ex
Ford thev encamped for the night, intend-! found between three and four feet Wider tho Treasury, and upon those industrial ported iu Ibo '-, being of the value of $ 131,
in" to leave at break of day for the settle in the ship ; then ivent to work pumping, interests encountering severe foreign com- 30.001, would have equa.led in value
ment. Put soon after wlio should come und occasionally tho pumps got choked petition, has been all the while a problem ' nearly tho whole uiuoiint, of impji tation.
up to'the opposite bank of the stream but ; with coal so that the boxes had to bo a grand mystery. No one of the sixteen The loss we buy of iron, cotton, hemp,
Rangm" le r himself, unattended and drawn often to get the coal out of them ; regular la vs adopted since 178'J has met ' io il, sugar, and othe. great st ipleF, which
readv to treat with the Captain. White finally succeeded in about two hours and the expectations of its advocates in every we can produce us well as we run do any
Cloud's nephew and the w.i.'oner with ' a hull' in getting most of tho water out of particular, nor has there bsen one which ; thing else, the more nhility wo will lime
mules were sent back to bring 111 the three1 her, utter which turned to and secured ev- did not, at som time, seem to produce ef- 1 to buy those things w hich wo cannot pro
warriors that they might bo w itnes-ei to ervtlimg about decks that was adrift. At loots which 110 one had anticipated, nnd duce, and the bettor we shall be prepared
the anaiv-ements of their Chief. They 11A.M., set the spanker with cue reef in thereby controvert tho mo-t universally to sustain the Treasury in this way.
were tound and brought into camp that it, and mi.zen staysail, to keep tho ship accepted theories on the subject, the re-1 So much for generalities ; and now, sir,
night, nnd the next niorni.:g. r.t tin early i t the wind. On the morning of tho -d, suits fluctuating to great extremes under let me proceed " to declare to the Senate,
hour,' tho palaver commenced. Captain bent it. got the ship so that she would the same rates of duty. without reserve, just what I would do, und
McNeil told them plainly lii.it they would ! sioer, then rigged a jury in.i-t forward, got Ho then procedod to illustrate from how I would do i', had I the power to
,iii,v,wl t,i leimi'ii unmolested bv ! a foretop staysail sel'.nnd bent a topgallant the figures the fluctuations in th" receipts dispose uf the subject. I have tilwavs held
. , ..... . . . . . i ,
iho whites, that qucrrcl between the set-
1 1 .ira IV 41 11 1,1 he fi'piiucnt. nnd that soon
open warfare would occur, nnd thry would
bo exterminated; but il they would emi
grate, ho was authorized by the President
Of the United States to offer to 1 very war
V nndr. il dollars in cash, a rifle, a
complete hunting outfit, clothing and pro-j
. 1 '1 . ...l n
last them 0110 year; and to j
every woman nnd child one'hundred dol I
lars vvouhHie given, besides provision and
clothin" for a year.
Panging Deer said that if his Chief,
1111 lti n u L'oer s i n 1: ui n in t-m-i,
Crazv Ti"vr his sister and ins brotner-in-
law would consent to emigrate, he would ,
nluA n,.l'..A tO OO.
ana 111 ivvciuy-iwu
would bentrott Myers wuu m
trilie of which lu wn chief. Cupt. McNeil
furnished him with a passport to use,
should he meet any of the whites while
collecting his band, nnd then tho parly
separated. Sampson returned to Col. Hec
tor and there learned that efforts to treat
with Billy bowlegs' old biat party were
"s': ' -.l. .1.. ...!.!..
successful, and that ttio emigrui mg i i.t
wnnld 1 rol ablv number sixty souls. 1 hey
ji b'ii iiw . .
were to meet at r
meet at Fort Mvers, nnd Trom
" . T- . II
thenoo proceed to
l'n nt Arrassas, flno
akrpassage in the Magnolia for New Or-! lier. nor ,v minute biter." he called his
take pa sugc iu i f M,n,f....:i. .m,i i,;, lull m nr. opened
l..nn. In charge 01 t--oi. iti-uii-i . v ,. T;
pnterta ned ot Betting iijzr. mm.
' party out of the territory this season.
Perilous Situation at Soa.
rrl.Tlini.lC EXPEDIENCE T1IRII.L1N3 STORV.
Capt. Windsor, of ship Challenger, nt
New York, make the following report
On the isiuuy r.-u,u .."'-"""
of rcbruary, n.iu a siron
v.,ofroin E.S. t. and tnicK rainy wea-
1 ther, Vith a heavy head sea on. About 2.J
"KXCKLSIOU."
clkaukieu). pa. wkdnesd.w.wauciio, isso.
30 T. M
westward ;
I noticed a bunk rising up to
ii coiiuiiucu eunn until o r. m.
' u- V ,lt1,l",;M1 ?l" u"?f 1'
tlioW.W. Hauled mound tho aids
smiim- and stood on her course K. S. H. ; 1
noticed this bank again, and found it ri-
sing last, then lowered down upper top '.
Miiis, no. i imiiii'u lutll 1110 unices oolli
snlis ; this lirottuht tho shin under close I
.. w . ,1 eN'i """UHiaiiii thin jinn
reeled topsails. At J.oO 1'. M.. tho wind , cuts a pigeon wint in the newest style, vet
camo with ternlio violence, taking tho ' who could not die.-su fowl, nor mend lier
water up like a whirhvind in all ilucctioiis; I husbatid's stockings, 1 can't help think
lt struck tho ship with audi force that it ing with mv grandmother -'Sue Inn a,
made everything crack fore and alt,; ran line gloss but she won't wear weir "
the ship a few minutes,- but finding thoj When I see u dashing vouii"' fellow,
wind increased let the topsail sheets fly j spending much of his time in dress or at
tore and uft. In less than ten minutes j cards ; talking hugely of what hoisgoiii-
inv-iu puijiiu mien oi cunt UBS to ,
ue seen nnoam tlio snip, portions Ilying I
as uii ivs mo eye couid reacn.
The w ind increased to such an extent
, i . . . i , i . ,
1":.t,'V,v?k.K,'Srflck ",nd mif20n tI
yarns on in tnesiinjrs; being bare ot can
vitas nt the time, ran the ship before it for
about nn hour; during this time she
pitched into the heavy head easterly sea,
running herself under forward, and tour
ing and ripping everything about her
bows to pieces, completely tilling the decks
with water, und washing awuy every
moveable article. Thought it impassible
to keep the ship above w .ler much long
er ; the wind increasing con inually. Held
a consultation with the first oflicer, who
thought the ship was settling in the water,
and subsequently reported the ship wus
going dow n fast. Tried .'he pumps, and
found some water, but they became cho
ked with coal and were uselesa.
In this state ofafl'aiis, believing the
fli p would run under and go down head I
lororiiosr, got reiuty to cut uwav the masts
lororiiosr, got reiuty to cut uwav the masts
lulled her up slowly to the wind, nnd as
she camo, she was hove to fir down on
her beam's end thut it was impossible for
lier to I'ielit the .thin lieini' so runiiili'telv
her to right, the ship being so completely 1
iiueu wuii water, unu every tiling now u the tirst approaches ot insult or aggression
in the Ice sc.ppers. Cut away the fore j neither fluttering the the prejudices of
and main topmast backstays. When the tho pooplo.nor neglecting their interests
main topmast went, it took tlio head of sudi politicians, I should say "had u tine
the mainmast off clore to the eyes of the gloss," und their fame should long wear
rigging; everything went on tho mizzeii ; j the plaudits of a grateful und haj py
except tho lower mast. It was then about people.
0 P. M., still blowing a perfect tornado,
and tho sea making a pcrlcct wash over
the ship, fore and aft, and sho lay in the .
trough of the sea, iinm ln.igeiib'e. Went
to work to clear away the wreck, which'
was hanging under the loo bow, so as to'
keep the spars and iron work on them
from making a hole in the ship, as they
were then thumping and making fearful
work on the ship's side.
It came on da.!; which made it impos
sible to get the wreck clear Irom the ship's ' great speech.
side, a, so much gear of the t:p hamper) ,'o question, ve one connected with
hung over the foremast head, and fore- our form of government has h d to so
yard, that wo could not get clear of it ; much controversy, in and out of our Con
without cut. ing away the f-.-remast, and ' L'i'e.is, or given existence losucli in ahund-
letting every thing go ch-ar. Did so nth-
er than run the risk of having a hole made
thiough the shii
y tho spurs and iron
work on them hangiii'.' alongside all
night, thumping and gouging the ship up
in a horrid manner. We succeeded iu
getting the wreck ch ar from under tho
lee bow. Put a tutlieient can at tho
punip; pot some water out ot the port
pumps throng,! the ni-'ht, the
s'.arbi avd '
pump lieing choked witli coal, so that U
became useless ; tried to g' t the main top-1
mast wreck clear of the ship, but cou',.1
not, as portions lodged in the main rig-
il ' ging and over tlio main yard ;
oul l not'
sail for 11 foresail and set it. t hi olh 1' eb.,
setup apiece of a crossjiick yard, and
bent asa:l upon it, and set it uoitoic reel- in iiiiiercnt successive years, iio men re
el, that being all the sail that could be marked there has never been a tariff law,
made. Then made 'Western as fast as nn,.l I do not believe there ever will be
possible; determined to roach New York one devised, against which plausible, if not
again, but had lit tie hopes of doing it, as well founded objection. may not be made
the pumps were in such
l.A . n 1 ..... n. 1 ,.i,t-, In,,
Lad condition
the ataboard pump
being choked with
coal, and totally useless, and the other
one occasionally getting choked, and liable
to beconio useless at any moment ; the
ship making water fast, nnd liable to sink
nml' i"'"i"s " , ,,
any time. ."11111; mu j-t u.,j
experterceu very ncm , . e.iL,,. .
jr, il. t:l,.-r 1S11.
, , , Tv-fT'i1B'
Essay from the DesKotlttorAiODer.i
OCriDe.
"it has a fine doss, hut it won't wear
well."
Mv cousin Jacob you must know, keeps
.. .i t.i ..nJp.iii ffhis nncestora.of
... . v... v o..iu in i,w I'.miiif
ii
So
IKing .M' 1 Vlir s IH.-SHI10 . """"j
on the 1st div of January. Anno Dom-
y - ,
jt.i 179.'!, according to unnieiiiorial usngo.
nreci-e v at I-0 clock, "noi a iiunuie w
,ir - ,- . -
his budget, and gave to each one the pre-
he had prpvided. 1 he whole liimiiy were hi. uie im-meii-u; mimi-iuvu ii un. r.t
ir a rikiht good humor. Jacob well knew can to such manufactui ing ntd o(hcr in
how to hit the fancy of eveiy one of Jii terests us encounter vigorous competition
r.....:i.. ,,,,,1 i,n n nn, ilisniislic.I. Itut. irom abroad.
:. ..1 t nrl rn till liniidu thut Dolly's
H nu.M..v. - I-;-,.
new gow
'own was the neute.-t. It was right
i -l 1.1 1 .n 4-., ll.,lle u- ii In lin liliil'l lei .
.i ... .i .......Ly ' Mv ni iiiiilinother.
who was trying her new spectacles, which
L..i i - ,,.nr,tAd to hr.r. hearing
. " . - - -
much ot iouy s new gown, yw
l.'t.
She is a jn-etty shrewd old lady, and
ins n ir-ni.iw.i. v... :,,,. .1 i .i :..
which I'.iakcs om. remc inber them. Look,
ing nt the chintz: "It has aline clo.
(said t-he.) but it wont wear well" it
struck me verv forcibh , nnd I have often
thought of it ainoe.
V hell 1 see n vomi" Ci.lv ,1, ,...,1 l.nl
i t,.),.,... t ;,.i .i; 1 1 i i
io tto, yel iluing nothlli" pri
irolitable whis-'
penng line things in tho ladie
S' CalS. nild
dancing alter them like their shadows, ne-one section of the countiy to advance ! wants of tho Treasury, present and pros
ciectiui; h s liLisiiicss nml tint'utiiiKMin I'm,, o ;i.. ..r v ..... r..:.....i ! .i . .i ... ...t-..i. i
c . c ...... -u. -t.n.j.,11. I. h
c...rlVt. I wouhi advise the girl j
no manes love to, io remember the sayu g
of my grandmother "Though ho has a
lino gloss depend upon it ho won't wear
i. . . .
,vo11-
Mioiilu 1 ever live to see a set of politi- is necessary, is tho exercise of a wise dis- therefore, Mr. President, that tho alterna
cians, professing great regard for tho peo- crimination in fixing the rate of duties or. . tiveof an increase of the public debt, or in
pie's rights, und yet neglecting or tram.- ejcii article of importation, so as to do tho erease oft lie revenues nro before us; undfor
ling on them declaring their attachment most we can for tho manulacturitig iutor- one, sir, 1 am emphatically in favor of tho
to economy, and yet squandering the pub- j ests, without oppressing improperly, on j latter and against thp former, I am utter
lie money on foolish favorites, or uteless ' any other branch of industry. This wo ly opposed to the creation fof public debt
projects taking measures avowedly to co- may properly do, nnd this it is our Loun- , in time of peace. It 13 against the settled
erco foreign states, and yet every measure den duty to do. policy of our Government, and should
invariably recoiling on our own citizens The specific things it is right and proper j not be indulged, even to a modorate ex-
no matter what jiart;-it should be, or how
fair their prolusions, I should be very ;
apt to think with my grandmother j
'hoilfh thev have a fine clos. it iri vfrv
evident thev don't wear well." '
Hut should I see politicians professing 1
r, ell, and practicing what they profess,
F,,jnt and dignity that nppais und checks
HON. WILLIAM BIGLEF.,
Ou the Ta'ilT Question.
JhlivercJ ui the Unile.l iSi'fS Senate, Filnutry
Tho follo'ving abstract Mid extracts cov
er the leading features of Senator lii,;i.tit's
unco of conflicting and d',-s'.mil.ir opinion
us that of tho tarill: as well on the thooroti-
cal principles involved, as on the pr.icti-
cal workings fif given details. or is this
at all siniriilar ; for in its very nature, it is,
to a greater or
less extent, a subject ot
conlhctiiig '.nteie. t, real or innginury, be -
tween dilfei'eht sections of our common
country
and interests, pursuits, and cl-ss-
ps of people within the same section, e.ic.ii
having like claims upon the justice and
f lVor of the Government ; whilst the close
md well-balanced relation? of producer
and consumer, operntivo and capitalist,
, thesubioet. has very n itmully excited
0f tho 1 rcasury under the same lanll,
ranging from five to ten or twelve million.,
,y some interest or class ol people, on
gor.io point or other of its operations ; nnd
0 public mn
eauso ho did
what a given t
sagacious bal
no public man need be reproached be -
not tore.ee, with aci?urucv,
1 111 i IV would do, for the most
it fiiilcd I o do I his. 1 have
- . . , , , .
my sen no i,mu '".'"v
doctors on this subject ; nor do 1 believe
the tarifl can dostis much for home inter-
1 ests as is claimed by some; nor sympa-
thize in the unreasonable doctrines of ex-
'0f (.onio who aro constantly saving wind
they know cannot be granted ; nml still
less iii the ell'orts of others to persuade
large classes of the people that they should
relv rather upon the Ciovcriinient and tho
lnw'-s for prosiieritv. than upon their own
,1- 1 . , . 1, . T
enterprise, energy and industry, but I
. i I. a : ... 1. 1 v :t
nenevn nun 10 meeii u...- onnoiu n ii
"""e"""" ! .-.s....v
the expenses 01 uover n ment. we should
endeavor to distribute tho burdens mci-
dent thereto as equally us may be; giving
. .,
There is no dispute ns to tho right of
' , mm.... .
congress m u-vy. iinposi uu.ies. uat poe
er IS PXIl ess v collie leu SIS Ill UOllsillll-
tion. Nor need it be seriously denied that,
in tho exercise of that power, if is not as
ao wen me uuiy aa lueiiui, 01 i iuiess iu
, . - .:,!..,: ,. .it.. f ...r.l.
' "
r, ell, and practicing what they profess, people. It it be true tha
expending tho public money libeiallv on ! nation consists in tho pri
g, (.at objects of national improvement j its citizens, then it follow
.maintaining the public rights, with n'oftho nation is involvei
' c. .K,.,.;i,- 1I...1 ........io ..,,,1 ..!,.. I :.. il .1: n. ..1 1.,
exi rciso upon the general welfare of tho
whole country. It is in the details l this
work that thif problem i involved; and
they nie in no way piecribed ill tho Cons
Mitution. llevenue to Misluin the national
Government being the expressed object, j too often found against our country. If
'the rates of duties to bo assessed on tho , there bo thoso ahlo to indulge in such coiu
various m tides of importation, and tho in- s;imptio;i, let them pay accordingly,
cidentsto flow IVuiii i;di rates, ali'ectiug j I should be careful, too, that the Gov
aiiy or all of tho industrial inten-sts of the ' eminent collected whatever its demand
.country, are mutters for the wisdom of might be, whether counted on quantity
Congress. In the excrcisu of this discre-; or on the value of tho nrticlo, so thut tho
tion, whilst seeking to promote the gene-1 honest importer might stand nt bust,
ml good, the utmost cure should bo ! cijual with tho unscrupulous adventurer,
taken to do no injustice to no cla.-s of j Ater an allusion, in justification to him.
the people or branch of industry. Cer-, self, to his views upon this subject twelve
tainlv, no attempt i.hould bo made to venrs uso. Mr. liii er nroeeeded at loni'th
build Up one of these at the met ilice Cf
the lilln'IS ' III.!' III l.lllcli ll lllwilllllllv
imu hj mi in uiiivi. .iu hum i i
of the manufacturer will seek to do
these things, or iiinii.t upon the right of
"protection for tho sake of protection
merely." Such policy would be alike weak
and unwise. What we want, und all that
for a nation to do, in its ..iloi ts to foster
its domestic Welfare, must depend, to n
great extent, upon the elements of such
pniuih'v tin ii-itnro ,,f I lm climnlo t lip
character and extent of its resource,-, as
also the pursuits and inclinations of the
people. It it be true that tho wealth of a
product ivo labor ot
that the wealth
1 to some extent
in tho direction that labor; for tho ex
tent of its rewards 1 1 1 u -1 depend upon its
fitness to the cud to which it is devoted.
It must hi obvious, too, that that coutr
try is most prosperous and independent
which can profitably produce the greatest
variety, and the largest relative quantity
of the greatest staph s A life, comfort, and
means of military defence. Our countiy
is ble;sed above all mea uie, in these pui
ticulars. She is j.icsj-cd of the elements
of prosperity for all the great brandies of
industry, agriculture, in.i;-u','actures, and
the liiecliunfc arts, of which commerce is
the natural ofl-pling.
So far as our revenue system may e fleet
any or nil of these interests. Congress
should see that the beneficial incidents
flow to such branches of industry us are
best sui'.ed to the resources of our coun
try, and to tho inclinations and capacities
of our people. No artiliei d or unnatural
interest should be considered in tho action
of Congress, No system of hot house hor
tieiil'uie to produce the fruits of the
1 tropics, or vwru.i multiea.Lis schemes of
eni.vin silk, should bo sustained at the
eot of five times the labor nees'ary to
! i.iod(;ce the flour, beef, pork, iron, cotton,
' woo!, siijar, hemp. &
lieccssuiy to ex-
; change tor these. Put the gieat interest
j n.iturallv suited to the c.iuntiy, should be
considered and cherished, for in the pur-
suit of these tho labor of our people is
wisely direct
terest of our
d. It is also the m iniiest in
nation to prepare its great
staple productions,
1 consuinptioii, that
as curly 11s may be, for
is, vest tlio raw niute-
md with the createst amount of value be
; to the doctrine ol a tarill lor rcvenueonlv
and in shaping a law to this end, 1 shoul
conform H to no arbitrary rule or princi
ple, but compose it of dillci'eiit modes,
using both of the specific and uJeab.irem,
and, in some instances, the better to equal
ize the rate of charge upon similar articles,
und at the sniiie time to discriminate
against inferior good, I should compound
1 the two modes, nppijmg the charge as
well upon the quality as upon t lie value ni
I the sumo article. I should discriminate
' in fl v in,r f hp rut of il 11 1 v. so us to mn in-
P ,:. , .
I r
competition with similar pursuits 111 lor
' cign countries, so far as that can bo done
without itr posing improper burdens upon
ot her classes of the people. I should do
on the groun,i ,int ti1(,ra is av,-tll.-
j balanced reciprocity between all depart-
ments of industry, acting and reacting on
each other; the prosperity of one being
beneficial to nil. and vice vena ; the iiianu.
: facturer employing th laborer and me-
' chanic. und consuming the products of the
t 1.1 . . I - .1
farmer, and they return taking the manu-
r.. i 1... t.,,..im i .... . i ...
faclurer's goods the farmer being directly
interested 111 having his manufactures pro
duced iu his 0M1 vicinity, rather than at
remote points, to which ho cannot trans
port his products in payment.
1 hold, also, that the manufacturer has
strung claims to the incidental aid flowing
from our revenue svsteni, because nt the
positive damage resulting li 0111 his busi
! ness from our unrestrained system of pn
1 ..l.i .1. I l.-..
, pei raurnj, ufi nn nr -n em
eiieeine n'liuui, m.u ui niiu-u 1 rnnii ,i -
sentVv allude. I should nlso bo careful
that the h'gher rate of charges fall upon
the luxuries, rathe! than the necessities,
of life, for tho reason that thconsump-
TERMS-S1.25 per Annum
NKWSEKIKS VOL. IV. NO 8.
tion of the fanner has tio beneficial Incir
dents, nnd is in no way calculated to nd
vance the general prosperity and wclfaro
of tho country, uud is, beside, ft principal
cause of tho heavv commercial balances
, to discuss the nceesilinH for ii nroiiipt ra
lulilKli.mnt tl... ., llV nn!i.lil mil. tlio
i peeii e i uio t leuieiiis tt iiicii couipoeeu
' hem, and ar,.i,,.. at le,tl, from admit.
j ted datu tlio utter impossibility that the
estimates of revenue made by tho Secre
, tary, could or would be realized.
lie then remarked, it is too oovious,
eut. It has been said the present tarill
has not had a fair triul ; that it may here
liter bring tho necessary revenue. Hut,
suppose the Secretary's estimates to prove
eiitiiely correct, it ! will require over ten
millions mutually, lor three vears, above
his estimates, to meet the deficit which he
himself shows. Such a cusp leaves 110
room for doubt or dispute.
It is proper that 1 should remark at
this point, Mr. President, that I dissent
from the estimate of the Secretary of tho
Treasury with the utmost reluctance, and
111 all kirunessto him, tor 1 am his per-
tonal and political friend
Put, sir, it is said that there is not tima
sullicient to accomplish the work at this
session and it must be conceded that the
time is short, but we can have much more
tin, e than wo hud on the present tariff,
which was discussed in this body only a
few hours. Put, sir, if we can not have u
I complete revision 01 the tariu, applying
; diti'oiciit rules and lutes to different arti
cles, us may seem best, then giyes Vs four
i or five or six per cent, on tho ii.tt c.l thu
j present law. Kit her of these propositions
couia Ijo understood and disposed oi in a
few hours.
The Senator then proceeded to r.ctico
briefly the views of the President, nnd
those of tho .Secretary of tho Treasury en
this subject, and discussed at some length
the ditierence between specific and W
Ivrem duties. The nim of both was f o raise
foin this source tho amount of customs;
they differed only in tho method of doing
it. A tarill' for reicnue was the Demo
cratic doctrine, but the mode of assessing
the duty, whether upon the value or quan
tity of the article has never been made nu
ai tide of our party faith. Our faith wus
to deal j ii.-t Iv with nil in the use of either
mode.
Mr. Higler then continued:
Put, Mr. President, the mannfaclnrera
of ii o;i. would be perfectly satisfied with a
very luodidcrale spoeilic duty on the soy.
end kinds of the foreign article. They
are quito willing that wo shouM Ascertain
what the aggregate duty, per ton, fins av
eraged for a sdi ie- of years and fix that as
a specific lute. They would bo content
with six dollars per ton on pig metal,
twelve on railroad iro'i, and fifteen on rob
1 -d or hammered bar, which would not
exceed theaverago thut has been paid un
der the ai valorem principle for tho last
eieht or ton vears. Now. sir. if no creator
average sum is paid, I do not see that it
cidi make an essential ainerence to the
consumt r or to the treasury, whether th
charge is made by 'a fixed muii on the
quantity or the value ; but it is of great
importance to tho domestic manufacturer ;
for the specilie duty tends directly and ef
fectually to the exclusion of the inferior
article Irani the country; for it is seen
that when a fixed sum is charged upon
tho quantity the rates becomes highest
upon the poorest article, and whilst thti
belter wiil stand the charge, the inferior
is excluded, which u benefit lis well to tho
consumer us to tho American producer,
nnd must, result in the general good.
With a moderate rate oTiluty, the A tier-
can iron-maker can compete with the for
eign manufacturer in the producdion of
the best article ; but bo cannot sell good
iron ai low ns , tho l-'nglish can bad and
brittle trash, nnd be Can make tho best
nearly ns cheap he can the worst lie
may titund fair competition, but ho needs
protection ngninst fraud and deception.-
The experience or the Pennsylvania rail
road shows that tho wear -and tear of
American iron, under tho amount of ton
nage on that road, is from five to six per
cent., whilst on tho foreign article of the
average quality, it would range from tight
to twelve per cent. It is tho importation
of tlio inferior nrticlo that has embnrassedj
the American ninniifaturcr, as well os de
ceived nnd defrauded the American con.
sumer. '
The pfloct of duties upon nrtiolw corr
peting with our principal ntnple produo
lions on the interest of the consumer is,
uni a'wayshasbeen.nsubject of controvert
y. Th - Senator ;r ;n Georgia, (Mr. Ire;";
son,) a few weeks since, in discussing the
policy of uing Ameiicaii iron in the con
structioTi of tho Pflcillo Itailroad, submit
ted a calculation b.ised on tho erroneous
assumption that iron of equal quality
could bo had twenty-four per cent, bo'ow
the u-u.il price were tlio tariff taken mf,
and the home production, in consequence,
should censoj in other words, that if we
had no duties and no home producible
foreigners would supply ut twenty-d ur
por cent below the present ra. TUifc
N