J. H. LARRIMER, Editor.
VOL Villi NO 2G.
Torinv of MiiIinc i-liiHmi-
If paid in advance, or within three munthii, $1 25
ITpai't any tirno within tlie your, - . . 1 Ml
(fpiid after the expiration of tho y oar, - 2 UO
Term of Advertising.
Mrertlseineiita are iuserted iu the Hopublicnn
tt tbe fullwwing rates :
1 Insertion. 2 do. 8 do.
Oitnuire, (14 lines,) $60 $ 75 $1 (It)
Tuoi.ruares, (2Slinos,) 1 00 I 60 2 00
Three squares, (42 lines,) 1 50 2 00 2 50
3 months. fl inn's. 12 mo
Om Square, : : : 2 60 Jl 00 $7 00
Tvotquares, : : : : : 4 00 6 00 10 00
Thre squares, : : : : 5 (10 8 00 12 00
Foar squares, : : : : ft 00 10 00 14 00
Half a column, : : : : 8 00 12 00 IS (III
Out column, : : : : 14 00 20 00 :ij 01)
Over three weeks and less thnn three months 25
cenli per square for each insertion.
liuiiness notice not exceeding simes aro m
urled for $2 a year.
tlrertineroents not marked with'the nuinher of
inKrtioni desired, will bo continued till forbid
charged according to these terms.
J. 11. JiAliHIMKK.
atVi'JLSt'JiSS ea.223
DENTAL CARD.
M. SMITH offers liis professional services
. to the Ladies and Cent lemeii of Clenr-
iciii and vicinity. All operations performed
oilli acatness anil despatch. Ileing familiar
frith all the late improviuents, he is prepnrcd to 1
nike Artificial Tectli in the best nan acr.
Ot'lii'f in fl.aw's n. w row.
r-cpt. l llli. ISiS. Ivj.
" fiitTii. vrvviLso..
UAVIX'J removed bis office to the new dwel
ling en Second street, will promptly answer
pmis s i o n a I culls as heretofore.
lit. B. I.AnillMFR. I. TKST
JAKItlM:it t TI'.ST, Attiaheys nt I. aw
j Ckartield, l'a., will nttohd promptly to ('ol
liiiln, L'lhd Affcneies, Ac., tii., in Clearfield,
Centre and Klk counties. July :ill. y
JOHN TROUTMAN
STILT, continues the business of Chair Making,
and Il.aise, Sin and Urnamentiil 1'iiiiit ing, at
tntlhup furincrly occupied by Troutiuan A Hone,
ittheeaftend of Market street; a ehrt distance
dt of Liu's Foundry. June 1.1, lsji.
THOMPSON, IIAKTOCK N CO.
Iron Founders, Curwensvillc. An extensive
isortiiicnt of Castings mudv to ordcre
lite. 20, 1861.
L. JACKSON CRANS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW, office adjoining lis
midence on Second Street, Clcart ild, 1 a.
June 1. 1854.
II. P. THOMPSON,
Physician, may be found either at his office
at 8cofield's hotel, Curwensville, when r,o
professiunaily absent. lec. 20, l!51
FREDERICK ARNOLD,
Merchant and Produce Dealer, Lutbers
burg Clearfield county, l'a.
April 17, 1S52.
ELLIS IRWIN & SONS,
l T the mouth of Lick Run, fivo miles from
A Clearfield, MERCHANTS, and extousive
Sjiniufacturers of Lumber,
July 23, 1S52.
J. I). THOMPSON,
Blacksmith. Wagons, Haggles, Ac, ic, ironed
on short notice, and the very best style, nthis
in! tnnd in the borough of Curwensvillc.
Dec. 2'J, 183:!.
DK. M. WOODS, having changed his loca
tion from Curwensville to Clearfield, rcs
rtrtfully offers his professional services to tlio
ciliiena of the latter place and vicinity. i
Hesidcnce on Second street, opposite t t of '
J. Cram, Esq. my ' '138.
P..ARRETT !
MERCHANT, PRODVCE AND M'MflKR
HEALER, AND JUSTICE OK THE
PEACE, Luthersburg, Clearfield Co., Tii.
J. L. CUTTLE, .
Vttorney at Law and Land Asent, offi ,
adjoining his residence, on Jlnrket strco
tjearfield. March:!, 1SA3. j
A. R SHAW, !
IltTAILEUof Foreign nnd Domestic Mcreh.
xxi amine, Miawsville, Clearfield county, l'a.
fchawsville, August 15, 1855.
d. oTcivolJcnT
PHYSICIAN Office in Curwonsvillo.
May
WM. P. CHAM BKKS.
pATtP.IES on Chairmaking, Wheelwright, nnd
V house and Sign painting at Curwensville,
(learSeld co. All orders promptly attended to
Jan.5. 18:,S.
R0I1ERT J. WAI.T,CE, Attohnf.y at Law,
Clearfield, !'., Office in Shnw's Row, op
Jwie tlie Journal offico.
dec. 1, IS 18. tf.
JOSEni PI'TEKS, I
htirf of the Peart, Cunrtnrir, Pcnna. '
0VE dour east of Motitelius A Ten Eyck 1
Store. All business entrusted to Uiniwill
"promptly attended to, and all instruments 0 f
ntinirdono on short notice.
rch, 31, 1808. 7.
pUXTI'.(;,Tho subscriber, having
X '"ated himself in the borough of Clearfield
loir lI'" ,l10 l'ullli! I""' he is prepared to
wk in t,e )., jn()i froIn j,,lin (n ornnIn(n.
1, description in a workmanliko manner.
"0 whitewashing and repairing done in a neat
wwr and on reasonablo terms.
EDW'X COOPER.
Garfield, April 17, 1187. 'y.
YOUR TEE TIL
TAKE CARE OF THEM 1 1
M. III! i u a...:... i i
hil frionrl- an.l .. 1 .1... 1. : .1
-n,: " ,.niiui,B, turn no 11. ui.w uo-
Tbn j 0 l" operations In llentislry.
jm desiring his services will find him at bis
. djoining his residence at nearly all times,
otic. " on ,'r,,,B.v "' Saturday, unlosi
a. .1. to ths """'rnry be given in the town P-
K a W"'k ',,Tiuu
pi A" work arrant(l to be aatisfactorv.
-learOeld, Vt. Pept. 22nd, 18.S8.
tk . 1 or n" "'no to operations in Dentistry.
La". A
17
GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE.
T the U,,oral,:e the ,SV,-., and Memhrrt
the JltHiKCdf rtmaitutiim tltc Cow
mnnuoillli of l'tunaiflntHui.
ti.hmi n : AIiIiiiiiifIi l :... .
c used has been oho of great depression in
the business, iiiul monetary affairs of tlu
country, I atu liaj.py (o' !,,, (o m,
nounco to tlie h'epres-.ntativesof the Peo
ple, tlmt. tlie finances of Pennsylvania are
in a most satisfactory condition.
The receipts at the Tivnsurv from ul!
sources, for the al year, ending on the
i!n,lday November, lS.",X, wereS4.1.,,V
' tS ; "lid tin- CApenditures for all pur.
poses during the sumo time, were Ss'i.775,
h57 (Mi. Leaving nil excess of receipts
over expenditures, of S,",b;,)2l LO.
Tliis exhibit shows that, there was actu
ally in the treasury on the first (lav of De
cember, IS.1S. the Mini (f5f;ifi:,,,ilJli!l,nu)iv
itliiin there was on the first dav of liecm.
her, 1S.17. ,, addition to th.s, union;: the
expendiniies for the year, were
Loans redeemed, ijsSSll.l'Ofi H5
lielief Notes, redeemed. 41,(171 III I
Interest Certificates, redee'd, llo7l
Making t( the public debt
funded and unfunded
paid diir.no the year the
sum of
If we add to this the excess
of money on hand, at tin
end of the (Ucal year,
over what remained in
t he Treasury, at the same
time hist year, viz :
1-1,-1'J 1 jj
.'-1 2'.'
We have the sum of 7 "-'-" .41 " H
lint this is not all. The amount paid
cm the public improvements, including
damages and old claims, during the fiscal
year, was l,n;;i',
While the amount of reve
nue Ci'iiin the same source
for the samo period, was
only '.i'i.i'Timk'i
Making an excels of cx-
ieiliiitures over receipts,
which happily we w ill be
relieved tiuin in the fu
ture, of S Hi'l 52
This sum should, also, be credited to
the operations of the Treasury, during the
year, for it was an extraordinary expendi
tuie, which cannot again occur : and was,
in fict, a reduction ofthe liabilities of the
Commonwealth to that exte.it.
If we add this sum to the amount of
debt paid, and the excess of cash on hand,
we have for the year, a balance in favor of
the receipts, over Ihe ordinary expendi
tures, amountm;; in the aggregate to 1,
(l.",l.:iS2li. Tint from this, however, should Le de
ducted the extraordinary receipts, which
were,
1st. The amount paid by
the Pennsylvania It.iilroaA
Company, on the principal
ofthe debt due by the said
Company to the Common
weal! h, tor the purchase of
the Main Line, .Slmi.lioil
2d. The amount received
from tlie (lirard Punk, for
loans of the Conimonw ealth
sold by that bank, 2s,U(iil
In all.
Which, deducted from the
gregate of S1,H.'!1,:!S2 .'li'i, leav
balance of tne ordinnrv reeeii
S12.IHIII
foregoing ag
es the true
U over the
e fiscal year
debt of the
day of De-
ordinary expenditures for tli
at S'.)0:;;:!S2 ?,r,.
The funiled and unfunded
Commonwealth, on the 1st
cember, 157, was as follows;
Ft NIIKIl IIF.I'.T.
fi ier cenf. loan, $
5 per cent, loan,
4 per cent, loan,
4 per cent, loan,
To this should be added 5
per cent, coupon bonds
sold by (iirard Bank not,
before reported.
4l.i
SO 00
s,77.'!,2I2 52
,S,L!00 Oil
100,(10(1 00
Cs .0( 10 (10
Total funded debt, S;i'.,7.'M,5'.(2 52
I MTMiFt) lir.liT.
Relief tiotes outstanding, l ('i.421 00
Interest certificates do. 2.'l,47.'i S2
Do. do. unclaimed, 4, 1 IS "S
Domestic creditors, S02 50
Total unfunded debt, S175.1 15 70
Jinking tho entire debt of the Common
vveilth at the period named 8:i!I.VO',l,7;is 22.
The funded and unfunded debt ofthe
State at the close of the last fiscal year,
December 1st, 1S5S, stood ns follows:
Ii per cent, loans,
S 4 15, ISO 00
3f420,'.lll.-. 07
.'ISS.2U0 00
0o,iiiiii no
,) per cent, loans,
4i per cent, loans.
4 per cent, loans.
Total funded debt, ?.W,354,2f:. f."
t'NKI'MiF.II DFIir.
Relief Notes oiistanding, ?105,:!5o Oil
Interest Certificates, 2:ie',57 12
Do. do. unclaimed, 4.44S 3S
I)omestic Cro'liloi-s, ho:' 50
Total unfutideil debt. fir.US 00
Making the jiublio debt on the first of
December last S.W. lSS,24:t f)7. Since the
close of the fiscal year, the Commission
ers of the Sinking Fund have redeemed of
the five per cent, loan, the sum of S20,
L'i2 51, leaving the real debt of the Com
monwealth, at this lime, funded and uii-
funded, !:i'.l,2(lS.HI Id.
To meet, this, besides the ordinary sour
ces of public revenue, the State owns
bonds received from the sale of the pub
lic works, and which I have every reason
to believe, are well secured, imotinting to
eleven millions one hundred und eighty
one dollars. Deducting this from tho out
standing debt, it leaves to ho otherwise
provided for, thft utim of twenty eight
millions, eighty-seven thousand one hun
dred nnd eleven dollars and sixteen cents.
It is believed that with tho existing
' KXCKLSIoR."
CLKAKF1EU), PA. WKDNESI)A, JANUAKY 12 IBSfi.
" , 'viue. and the observance ofl
,U
i injr lie cl ient year, at lea-t one mil-
I "J," '""'"V ,, , ,
i ' would seem lobe the np -
p.opmite l,mewhei. our nation is at
peace and when health and reasonable
,,,,, ,M.Wiii Minn our own hor -
We have but to carefully husband our le- O,, the 1.1th of September, 1S.",S ,oiU
Ultimate resources, avoiding extravagant of the various companies owning the ,if,
and unneeivsary appropriations, and prac- i Cerent canals, secured bv moit-a-es were
tiemg n proper economy in all the depart-1 in 1,iirsiian.v of the act.'at.d by my iii.pro
mentsof (loycrniuents, to ivnder the en- ! Val, deposited with the State treasurer to
tll'C extinguishment of our debt ll fixed : the in ml ,,l t-,, ...ill;,...., . .1.1. .11 ... l
in. i ,1 mil ii i ri i in iei period. I o care
fully jiiiard the public treasury at this in
teresting epoch in our financial history, is
so inaiiilectlv the duty of the public au
thorities, that I c.-miot for one momenl
believe that any other policy will be pro
posed. If theie be any, w ho, relying on
the improved condition ,,f . finances of
the State, would eliconrae the ailoption
of new schemes Cor depleting the Treasu
ry. Of. Wetild CUt ofrtbeSOUI-eesiifolir J'l-C-
sent revenue, andthui reduce it, let all
such efforts, coining from w hatever tiuar-
('.,.. , i . ,
tor they may, lie sternly lesi-'ed. I
et
1 ciinsvh aina
ll-t before she
is eeiier
:i li'iit in
as well as
oils. Let our good example be
the pathway of our sister Stales
an admonition to our own loc.d
govern
1 favors
incuts. This i-
due alike to tl
wbieh l'ro idem e h
stowed upon us, and
ter fo,- hone-tv 11ml
ever distinguished t
as so boimt il'ullv be
to that hiL'h ehanic
int cirri t y whir
lie pleof thi
Ills
old iiielii'inwclth.
In pur nance of the art enlit!ed"All ..-t
Cor I he .-ale nt' the State canal-," nt.pr.'Ved
on the nisi day ol April last. I did. as the
(iovcrnor of the Commonwealth, on tlie
I'.Mh day ol Mav, 1 ..'. wn.vey to the Sun
bury and Lrie K' lilroad ( 'otii',anv. all the
public works belonging to the'Coinnioi .
wealth, tin 11 remaining unsold, rousi-tin!:
ol the Ielaware I livision the upper and
leiver North I'.ranch divisions the West
Pr.nieh Iiivisi.in and the Susquehanna
division of the Pennsylvania ('anal, w ith
all the property thereunto belonine, or
in anywi-e appertaining, and all the es
tate, right title and interest of this Com-
I tnonwealth therein, for the sumoflhlec
1 ,.,;i 1 1 1... .1 . 1 ,
MiuiK'iis me iiuieiieii uiousaua (louai's.
Tosecuie the payment of this sum, the
Siinlmry and Krie IJailroad Coiniiany jmid
to the State Treasurer iis bond, secured
by a mortgage, as diree.ed by the act, for
t'.e amount of the purchase money. The
company al-o complied with the provi
sions ofthe Act which ricuired it, as addi
tional security, to execute ami deliver to
the State Treasurer a mortgage on the
Delaware Division for one million a
mortgage on the Susquehanna and West
Praneh Divisions for half a million and
a mortgage on the Upper nnd Lower
North Jlranch Divisions for half a million
of dollars. The deeds nnd mortgages
were all executed under the immediate
supervision ofthe Attorney Oeneral, and
were in strict conlorniity with the require
ments of the law.
After the conveyances were dulv execu-
icu aiei iieinercd, possession 01 1 :ie canals
was- given to the railroad company.
The act further provided that the Sun-
bury and Krio IJail Koid Company should
1101 re-sen uie canais or any part ol tliem, ! completion ol one ol the greatest 1111
witho t the consent of the (iovcrnor ; a id ; piovcinents ever projected in the. Coin
that if a re-sale were made for a greati r 1 monwealtli, it at the siiine time, divorced
sum. 111 ino aggregate, tiuin tlirce anil .1
half million of dollars, seventy five per
cent, of the excess should be paid to the
Commonwealth in '.he lnds of the pur
chasers. It was also provided that upon
a res;ile. the mortgages given by the Sun
bury and Krie Railroad Compmy to the
rVimino' wealth, upon the Canals, ''should
be cancelled by the State Treasurer and
surrendered to the company by the (iov
crnor. on deposit), made by the said com
pany in the ollice of the State Treasurer,
and surrendered to the Coinnionweath by
the (iovcrnor on deposito made bv tue
said company in the office of the State
Treasurer, of an equal anion nt oft he bonds
of their grantees, secured by mortgage of
the canal or canals sold as aforesaid" with
a provision t hat no transfer of securities
should be made until t he Governor should
bo sati-fied Hint the new sccurit ies to be
given were sufficient protect the inter- ,
ests of tint Slate ; and that his written
approval of t he change should be filed in'
the ollice of the Secretai y of the Common
wealth. Sides were made by the Sunhury nnd
Krie Railroad Company and reported to
me, under the oath of the president, of
the different lines as follows:
The upper and Lower
North Branch (.'anal, to
West Branch and Susiiue- '
h inniiCanah 'om puny. for
The West Branch and
Silsiiihnnn;i CanalCoin-
panv. for
The Delaware Division
to the Delaware Division
CiinaK'oinpany, of lYiiiij
v lvania for
l,(iOO,(HMI
500,111 10
1,775,0110
In all the sum of S.!,S7,",,0H(I
Upon investigation nnd inquiry, having
become sali-fied that these sales were
made for fair prices, and upon such terms.
nnd lo meh persons composing the van-
ous purchasing associations, as to insure ;
Ihe payment of the purchase money, they
were severally approved.
Alter the contract lor the sale of the
Delaware Division had been entered into, j
and my consent had been verbally given,
and seventy five thousand dollars of the
purcha-e money had been actually paid
by the purchasers, upon tho faith of the
contract and my assent thereto, I was in
formed that a higher price had been oller
ed, by responsible persons, for tho canal.
Put under tho circumstances, my opins
ion was that the otter came too late ; ami
as the Hail road Company considered itself,
bound to consummate tho agreement by a
delivery of the deed and possession o thtj
property to the first , urchasers, I could
fujt
j The North Brand, . -an..l ( 'onipam , subse,
l'l"'"ltl.lhe1a,ichM.eofth,.tdiMsio,sold
; that portion of ihe canal hing hch
Wilkcsh o re and Northumberland t.. the
; Wyoming ( anal Com,, one f,.c H ..
i nine hundred and c:htv tiv
thousand
the mortgages on the canals given by the
ouiiinirv inni i.rie liaiiroaiti -ompany. wore
cuncelled by the Slate Treasurer and sur
rendered by tne to the company in nccor
daiicowith the directions of the law. At
the same time a settlement was made be
tween the Commonwealth and Kailroad
Company, by which the latter aid to the
State seventy-five per centum of tlie pro
ceeds of I he re-sale over and above (lie
contract price of three ami a half million?.
This amounted to iwi
niudivd and ciidi-
tv one thou-aiul twi
illlldl ed
and fifty
loilowiin'
ollais.
ami
d was paid ill thi
maimer, viz :
nouns ot uie vomii:;
Can
"'I
1 1 1 y .-ecu fed
liv inoi tgai:
fiomWilkc
n in I x 1 1 a ii 1
years, will,
per cent .pa
lillallv,
Ca-'i.,
oil tlie canal
,ai iv loNorl h
m able in 'l
ll I ere.-1 at si x
i.ble semi-all -
S'uM.bll'l
'S 1
Tot.,1
Tiio-e
aei'iauug
" ill (lout
bonds
well ci nr. a
. and the
w in 11 dtie,
itel e.-t an I , in. i pa!
-s be oronititlv K'id
i rum inloi illation of u reliable chulacU-r
recently couiniunicaii d to me by tlio Tiv
si'iciil of the iMiUtiury i Erie' Uuilroad
Couipim . it iiipcars that the prospects of
an early completion 01 that great public
highway uie very cucour.igiug. J.ii.e
it lotllit of Work has Keen i.,uc on the .me
of the load during the p.isi season, and at
this time, vei Considerable Jiol Ions ul tlie
road are graded and rapid. y approaching
completion. It is tne opinion ol the Prcs'"
idclil of the company that, within two
years, the work will be entirely tinished,
so that cars will be running directly liom
thocityol Philadelphia to the haibnrof
hnc.
When this great enterprize shall lie con
summated, and the desire of its friends fi-!
rally accomplished, the payment of the i
three millions and a half of mortgage. I
bonds, w hich the Stale has received in cx-
change for the canals, will iniijiiesionably
be well secured wh 1st the raiiroad itself,
will proven!' incalculable, advantage to our
fuc.u coMiinerciai emporium, as well as to
the important, but long neglected, region
through which it passes. Its construction
will undoubtedly add to the value of the
rcul e.-tate oj the Coinin iiiweal'h, im.ny
times its cost, and devclooe and bring into
use the rich resources of a country which deductions from population and industri
have hitherto remained as ' hey were lav- ' ai statistics : from natural defects, such as
: lslily strewn l.y ihe hand of nature. I
j have an abiding coulidence that the result
w ill abundantly prove the wisdom of the
I measure, which, while it guaranteed the
the State from the unprofitable mid de-
inorali.ing iiiaiutgeiuetit ot her railroads
and canals.
Whatever differences of opinion mav,
at any time, have been entertained in re
gard to the propriety of the details of the
legislation authorizing tlio sale of the
mun line, or the branches, it can scarcely
be doubted that the public Welfare will, lii
every respect, he vastly promoted
transfer of the management ol the
works from the S.ale to individual .
I'iie shot; experience we have
ready: pvo. es conclusively that the
inonweal!1! is greatly the gain.-r,
lianoia point of vh v, and it has be
onstrated that the 1 i.e at larg
by the
public
iw net's,
Vail
in a li
11 deiii
' i.aye
lieell as well, ll not better, accoililuouat
by the change.
It would, iu 11 1 v judgment. Ik
public
calamity, il. by t,ie happening of any 1
liugcnev, the Com. 1101, wealth should
constrained to again become, the owi
'11-
r,
and assume the management, oC any
lion of the litiblie imiiroveuieiits.
jior-
Tne power of the 1 iei, end Assembly
to
pass the Act ofthe 21 -t of April, ls.",S, rel
ative to the sale of the St ito canals, was
(piessioicd before the Supreme Court cf
the Slate, since the transfer of the ( 'anals :
and, niter full argu nent, the constitution
ality f the Act Wits sustained by the linaii
i inons judgment of t h court.
Since t he sale of t he public wot ks, end
the settlement of the principal outstanding
claims against the State, it is obvious that
there is no further necessity for a Board of
Canal Commissioners, or a f'niial Di part
meiit. I. therefore, recommend the nbol-
11 leu l the board, ami that provision be
made lor the tiausfer of the record- to the
niad
office ofthe Auditor (ieiieral.
In view of the foregoing exhibit of our
resources and financial condition, it h ap
parent that a most interesting period has
been reached in the history of the Co. 11-
monwcult h. Relieved from the entangling
embarrassments of an extensive system ol 1
internal improvements, the means of Ihe !
Stato are now ample for all legitimatepur
poses, ahd her public debt U e'-ndiiallv but
certainly disaimenring. Prom these and
other causes, governmental action has be-
eo ue greatly simplified, and the nature or.1
:no suoecis 01 ns operation 11:1s changed .
111 a degree no loss reinal kalile.
The almost entiro disposal of the lands
which belonged to the State, bus already
dispensed with 0110 of tho Depart merits
created Tor their earn, nnd will, ultimately,
render the other unnecessary, except for
preserving the evidences of iheir frnnsfi
The sale of the public works has relieved
the Kxc.cu"ive branch or tho (iovrrnmciit
of many of it most responsibUimd per
plexing duties, and in i lb ct, dispensed
with one of its most fomiidabl" and dillicult
department.
in the same proportion, the act ion of the
Legislature will, if the representatives of
Llle tiiMiole be true to tlm inlm-i.Ll. ..,..,..-... I
mid sternly refuse to entangle the public
Willi tliose numeroll.-t )iloeets and inter-pii-es
whii h are continually seeking its
alliance, be hiinplilied and economized,
pill ilied and .-Ireliftthelied.
And it is us remarkable as it propitious;
that an il.i whi.h has thiH relieveitlhe
State o u t In i
rili. s of burdens that consisted
either of mere material interests, or the
care of local administration, cnuiiuitting
the one to the loca1 soereignty of the peo
ple, mid theoihcr to private or asoeiated
enterprise, should also picent for coh
sidcratiou and promotion intellectual and
ln.vral claims of peeuliar iniportance,
It is at this p( riod in our hi:-torv that
1 1,.. , r . ..i i: l : i. ..ii
i i.w stem in en ujie i-tiueai ion ciianensros'
the auction ol the most unobservant.- '
And 1 shall bo much mistaken in the cau
tious but steadfast character of the people'
ol Pennsylvania, if their IVprcsentatives
iio not make it the lii -t object of their so- i
iici I llde.
I 'J'he aiiual repor! of I he S;;peiinlcndeiil 1
j of Common Semis, will lay hi lore you the
I present ( onditioii of the Common School 1
: S stem, and of its operations (lining the
past year Your close and scrutinizing at- .
toiitum is in itcd to IhedelaiN of that doc- '
miiiiif.
Including the city of Philadelphia, it '
Will be observed, that there were ill the
public school of 1 he State, during the year
which termiu.ited on the !ir-;l Monday of
last . lime, I'll!.", 'J'i pupil-: these Were in
stiucted durit.g an :ivcrage term of a litll"
incr live months, in 1 !,11 schools, by L!,-
&' teacl er-, a total cost of .k-2, 127,l' !2 11.
I Here is a public interest, w hicii, w hct h
cr we regiiru its ramilicat imis into every'
portion of our social fabric, its large co- i.i
the important powers over the pl'f.-clit.
which il wields, ,,r iis incalculable intlu-j
c lice upon the future. undoubtedly trail- I
seeiids all others committed t o the care of '
tie- seciihu authorities. This being the
case, I have 11 1 he-i(.ili n in assi-ting that
the time has arrived w hen its full import
.nice should be recognized, and that its,
due a lininisti'iitioii should be m ide the
duty of a fully organized nnd cllective
lis
wcli a- a K perate deiiartinent 11: the
oy-
eminent.
Put the mere rare nnd promotion of our
system of Common Schools important
and extensive as it obviously is, should
not be the sole ( lject of such a Depart
ment, ll it is true that the power to pun
ish crime includes al.-o the l ight to prevent
it, by providing for the proper intellectual
an I moial tr.iiniiiL of the i'co:!e. it w ould
seem to follow that the department chat g-
0d with the latter momentous dutv, should
aLobe in possession or till the sources and
subjects of information, calculated to shed
ie.ht upon the o! ject of itsaetion. Hence
the collection, .in-m-no-eni on.l ov .etieol
deafness and dumbness, blindness and lu
nacy ; from crime in its various forms and
develojienieiits : together with such con
trol over all the literary und scientific in -stitutions
in the State, as shall bring their
full condition into view should also be
long to the samo Department.
Therefore, 1 most respectfully, but ear
nestly, urge upon your favorable consider
ation, at the present piopritious moment,
the organization of such a Department, in
the room of those for the care of mere
matter who.-e agency has been or soon will
he discontinued Ly the onward and tip
ward progress ofthe Commonwealth.
A suitable Department of Public In
struction, will not, however, of itself, ef
fect all that is needed in this direction.
The general results of the Common School
system, already cited, show the importance
of its nature, and the magnitude of its op
erations. If we look, also, into its special
statistics, the conclusion will be equally
dear that certain improvements 111 its
working machinery, arc equally indispen
sable. It is needless to aftempt lo prove the
trui.-m that the properly qualified teacher
is the life and miccc-s of I lie school. But
the facts are startling, that ofthe 12, "2S
teachers of our public school-', cxclu-ive of
those in Philadelphia, only 5,Os7 are re-
1 ported as "qiialilied lor their important
trust ; while 5,.",s7 are returned ns "medi
I 11m," or such as are only tolerated till bef
i tii cat be obtained ; imd that 2,.",l'i lire
staled lo be "unfit." In other words; of
' tlio 5C,',ss.O children attending the m books
' out of Philadelphia, only nb nit 2o'.,,0H0
' I Ies-- than one half) are tinder proper in
struction and training : while about 210,
! 000 are receiving iiisiiilicient instruction
1 from inferior teachers ; 1(10,000 ore actu
ally in charge of persons wholly
I the tusk.
unfit for
This presents the subject in a light that
can not be shut out : and, though the toget her with the accompanying evidence,
great nnd commendable ellorts recent ly j was filed in Ihe ( lltice of the Secretary of
made by the teachers of Pennsylvania, for , the Commonwealth, a copy of which will
their own improvement, are fully Jrccog-'be hud before Ihe House Kcpresentatives.
nied, it can not be concealed that there I I n view of tho Tacts rejiorted by a corn
is a work vet to be dune, in this relation, I mittee, in reference to the organization
which would seem to be beyond their nil"
aided power to accomplish.
When, however, we look further into (he
special statistics of this branch of the ms-
tein, the inateiial for improvement is found
to be ofthe most promising kind. 'f the
12.S2S teachers of our common schools.
lO.HS'.i are under thirty years of age. and
lO.'.'IOaie natives of JJPc nnsylvatiia ; and a
larger portion man 111 mosv 01 mo oiner
States, periunnantiv devoted to the profes
sion of teaching. To render these fit for
position to which they aspire undoubted
ly one of the most useful mid honorable in
tho world and to raise up a constant sup-
-j ot well quulified successors, is the worK
to Lo done.
Various modes of effecting this object
have been Migjottcd or tried; but, after
TERMS -$125 per Annum.
NKWSKHIKSVOL.III.NO 50.
mature rellection, I m to jir,.f,,P tnnt
devised by the Act of May i!l, 158, enti
tied "An Act to provide tor tlio due train
ing ol tt a. hers for the? Common Schools of
the State." It j. laces, jn relation to tho
Slate, the teacher on the fiutio footing
w Uh the members of such of the other
learned professions as have ,(.(.n ro,.0(,.
nized by public authority ; and it is to bo
icgri tied that t ho prostration of business
and seaicity of money, that m noon fol
lowed the passage of the net, had the ef
fect of checking many huulablo t-flbrts to'
; . .. ' : ' "P'Tation. i n.ter
. ie .-.in. niiiM.oii e.s, noes ii not iieeome
the duty of the Stale to allordsncli aid, or
at least hold out such induenmentsas shall
enable this measure to bo fairly tested ?
The passage of a law guaranteeing tlio
payment ol a moderate sum to one Teach
ers' School in each of the districts created
by the act rf Ls.'iT, would no doubt cause,
a sullicicnt number to establish the efliei.
.l.r i-e. . , . ,
l' V? ""l 'f I-lun to be com-
picien in a icw years; tne money not to
be paid till the schools Herein fuilanda
proved operation. It is not probable that
this grant would cause any considerable
dial', on Ihe treasury; but, even if the
whole twelve schools should ultimately be
c.- tablitdied, the boon n ould neither be out
of pioporlion to that which has been con
ceded to other literary institutions, nor
the nuinU'r of graduates beyou-UUe wants
of the community. I'p to" the present
lime. Pennsylvania has appropriated a
bout siiiiii.uuii iu aid of her colleges md
tu.-ade nies. and this mainly in the hope of
obtaining from lliotn teachers for tho com
mon schools. Though the benefits of thi
munificence have been, in other resjiects,.
quite equal to t he amount given, it will
be asserted by no one that, the nvoweil ob
ject has been lo any considerable extent
( llecled. It would therefore appear to be
time ihat the aid ofthe State should Le
brought directly to bear in favor of tho
gri ul ol jecf so long contemplated
1 have thus briefly laid before vou the
condition of our noble educational 'system.
j It w ill alfoi'il me '.iticeic plensurn to con
cur iu tlie ndoption of thes", or nny other
,mca-u;'cs, for its perfection, flint the wiss
:dom ofthe legislature may devisi?.
I In this country, the want of a school
which shall combine Ihe eleinrnfsnf learn
: in'' and agricultural labor, nnd lima nibw.i
itscll to the education of Ihe farmer, lias
been most seriously felt : for. whilct our.
many cjllegeswcll fill (he me:isnre cf use
: ruin, ss in their appropriate sphere of in
fluence, it most be (nnecdo'l flint the
itnunkig they impail i- badly adapted to
: the art of practical agriculture. In Pcna
; svh ania that the interest is so important
iis to demand at all times our anxious at
, ion' ion, and active support. "The Parm
er's High School of Pennsylvania," lately
projected and planned by a few public
spirited individuals, and which has re
ceived, to seme extent, the patronage of
the Stale, and the contributionsof a num
ber of our patriotic citizens, is destined to '
nll'ord a place where young men may Lc
educated at an expense commensurate
with their means, and to a condition qual
ifying them for the pursuit of the business
ofthe farm. Here, whilst daily occupation
will train the body to the ability to labor,
and give the student the enviable feeling
that he contributes to his own support and
education, it will instruct and enlarge his
mind, that it may give force and elfect to
all his future efforts. The design or the
institution is to afford a school where
I oys may be thoroughly educated in all
the branches of natural science, and, at
the same lime, be inured to the perforin"
mice of labor ; so that at tl eir graduation
they mav return to thuir parents abund
antly prepared to join the domestic circle,
to given right direction to the business ot
agriculture, and act well their part in ev
ery department of life. An object so
It-ought wit h usefulness is entitled to the.
highest commendation.
The application of scientific principles
to the prut tical purposes of life, is but re
alizing tho full ben.ifit of those laws of na
ture, to di.-cover and to profit by which, is
undoubtedly one of the great ends of hu
man reason. The more this important ob
ject is held in view and elfected by our
higher institutions of learning, the more
valuable and useful they become. The
Polytechnic Col lego of Pennsylvania, at
Philadel hia, is founded on this basis;
ami its a'tempt to popularize science, nnd
connect high acquirement with practical
ability, is presented to your f ivniablc eon
sider.it Ion.
Under a resolution (if the last House of
Pepreser.fativcs, a committee (vas appoin
ted by the t pcaker or the House, to exam
ine Ihe slate nnd condition or several
Banks chartered at the session or 1M7.
The resolution directed the committee to
report to the (iovcrnor the result or its ex-
omination within ninety days after the ad-
: ..r . 1 . l 1.. . . . , s. . .
join n 11 n -1 1 1 01 1 lie icgisii'inre. m I lie -Htll
of July h::-t, tin? report ofthe committee.
nnd -ubseoiient management of the Tiotrn
County Bank, 'The Craw ford County Rank,
and tho Bmk of Shnmokhin, I would rcc
commend a careful inouirv into tho nre.
- . ci-
, sent condition ot these instufions, and if
it shall be nsecrlnined the public is likely
to suffer injury from the further existence
of either, a speedy and certain remedy
may be found in n legislative repeal ofthe
rights und privilege granted by tho acts
of incorporation. The power to alter, re
voke, or annul, the charter orabank when
evi r its continuance may, in theopinion of
the lcgislaturc.be injurious to tho citizens
or the Commonwealth, is expressly given
by the Constitution to tho General As
sembly, to bo exercised, however, in,
such manner 11s that no injustice shill bo ;
done to tho corporators. .