M- ( Ihst i f ) sin, rnlihti to 1 1- of
In l rtiMi.l'T I lists- I. f
Hh Ppn r-nr MlMl.Mii rernnlu In nn
iii.mH-pv r-Mvliiimi. In my tntiyn
- I I'. i f mber Vt-1 I ItiTot im... nn Unit our
i-iioy r 1 1 -. I ini.or out minimir thnl-
potent inty to Madrid hd asked for Ids re-
mill Mul il mutiny pmpwe l send rill ft
tiew minister to that court with special In-
Uril'-lliilH nn All questions pending be-
twp'n i no two sovprnuiems, inn nun
"Meintination to have thrm itpoedily ftnilltnimt ftlwrny U iUcvl ii jontmrily, liilt
.'iinininy hjiiiiph, 11 mm ni rn ,k.wm..hv
I Im purpilm-i killirrto bePti itefptttoa
.T coum i wnirn 1 nop.i nov pniiinprinp. uon. j tlinii until Hip j.UuMiie tif hi own gov
niiion toS'pitin Ims lipcn iiitruntiHl to I WhUH tlio of tlip Ulstii'l rrnmt'iit nhoiilil l iii'pi tiiiiii't.
tiMiiiguinlic.lntipitpCKpntu. ky, wlioUvoult bo of Tm iinportanoo to tlio L'ni-1 Tin jjovpi nninit ilit not riyunl tlio con
will rrocpot to Miitrit witlimtt delay, nnt , t-.,i S(p.'lM, it vnluo to Stmin is i-omimrii- ti iliiition iinwil l.y tlio 1.tim of tlio
Wfik wmtrKT an J ft tii.M attempt to oi lively uniinporUnt. Sucli w the r-la-1 l.'ith of May ln.it, to lo in uliirtmss n "for
tain. iui.ti.-e from tlmt govprnmpiit. Itivo iitimtion of tlio pm tip when tlio opi loan, "ant b mall (lidliihiti't l.y tho
npanmii oiik-.uik, uihkm iu- mroct ronvprcnt inpopon triinfpript Loumuum to
iroi ni nw rftiiuun-pi-uci:,! 0 Uubft, tlflVO
mnilti-J our natiotw'. flag, and, inreppnt
inftttcpt, h'.vo from time to time in-
Jlictiyl injuries t.n tint porsonxftnrl propi r
ty of our oiliicnu. Thoo havo given Inrth
to nuiiPtou rluinii nnin.st the Spanish Tho publicity which lias been given to j internal faction in oilier part of tho ro
rovornnicnt, tho morits of which lmvo lour former nngoiintiou on this Hul.ject, j jml.lio wero at the name time levy inin im
noin fthly tiwisKOil for a series of years.by ond tho largo appropriation which may be ' ilar exactionw upon tlio property of our
our miccoeMvo diplomatic representatives. required to oll'ect tho purposo, render it cilieti!i, mid interrupting thcireominerce.
NotwithstrndinK thin, we hnvo not arrived 1 expedient, boforo ni.ikhij,' unother nt (There had been an entiro lailure on the
jat a jirfteJWl rtyeilt in nny singl.iinHtnnce, tempt to renew the negotiation, that I i part of our minister to necure redres for
4iNlcf we may except tho caseortuollincli should lay tho whole iiiujoct belore t'on-1 the wjongs winch our citizen luut onilur
Wnrriw uuder the late administration; ' gross. This is eipecially necetsary, us it jod, notivithstimdiiig his persvering ef
and ii.it presented an autraeo ofench
rliaractcr as would have iustitiodan imnvj-1 tliut Ihould bo entrusted with the ineuus
'diat'O resort to rar. All our ftttempt to'of niakini; an advuneo to the Spanish Kv-
Utoin redress have been balllotl and do-
4'entod. The frequent and oft recurring
change in thcSpunish ministry, have boon
employed a reasons for dohiy. We have
been compelled to wait again und again,
until tlio now mtmstor tball have tuuo to.
investigate tue justice ot our aoiuanUa. 1'olk in view ot the autjuuitioiint terntoiy
lvvcn what have been denominated "the from Mexico. I ro or tho whole subject
Cuban claims, " in'whicb more than a bun- to Congross und commend it to their caru
drcd of our citizens are diroctly interested, ! ful attention.
Im furnished no exception. Thoso! 1 repeat the recommondatioii made in
cljitus were for the refunding of duties
unjustly exacted from American vessels at
dillbrpHt ustom housos in Cuba, so long
ago as tfce year 1814. Tho principles up
on which they rest are so manifestly equi
table and just, that after a period of noar
ly ten year, in If 54, they wer' recogni
sed by the Spanish government. I'roceo-
V4iii3 .wtvB-Mierrrmus inamuvtu i' us'ji'i - , uoiiub lauu luuiiiiii 11 y isiauijr uiiu iu iinrs.r ; 8,.( j puKut ol our UltllClllt ICS.
tain their amount, and this was finally fix- j claimants undor our treaty with Spain oi l tilt) otK.,. ,nd, shoul'l the constilu--wl
aceortiwg to tlieirown statement (with 1 the 7th October, 17'Jj ; und whilst do-' (j,,,,, v prevail, und their uuthoritv
'vhich we wore satisfied) at the sum of 1 mauding justice we ought to do justice. I 0 oituHlished over the republic, there is
rno hundwiand twenty eight thousand) An appropriation promptly made for thi-jr,0 reason to hope that they will bo aniina
six hunflned and thirty five dollars ftid nurixteo, could not foil to exert a lavoia-t0li jjy a jCji unfriendly sprit, and imy
fifty four cents. Just at tho momont, af-blo intiuenco on our negotiations with lp,,t,t that redress to American citizens
tor a delay of fourteen yean, when we, Spain. which justice reiiuiies, so far as they pos-
haa reasoH to expoet that this sum would 1 Our position in relation to the indepen- LLljS tm, lnPans-
bo repaid with interest, we havo received dent States south of us on this continent, J' jnt for this' expectation, I should at
"propofthl -offering to refund one third ot ''and especially those within the limits ol ', once have reeeommended to Con-ires to
that amount, (forty two thousand eight! North America, is of u peculiar character. jjj.m)t ;,0 neecessnrv power to tho 1'resi
hundred nd seventy eight dollars and Tho northern boundary of Mexico is coin- "t.1)t to ,,,5, ..onspsion of a sull'u'ieiit brr
.1: ti. 1 . i 1
torty one rents,) but without interest, if
we werild-ftciVht this in full satisfaction,
The oS'er iis also, accompanied by a deela- sarily feel a deep interest in all that con
vation thwi this indemnification is not 'corns tho well being und the fate of so
founded cm amy reason of strict jiutico; ! near a neighbor. We havo always clicr
but is uaile lis a peciul favor. ! ished tho kindest feelings for the success
uno lJe(l cause tor procrastination in1
rthe exarr.ii:tion and adjustment of our
claims, arises from an obatacle w hich it is
theduty rtf the Spanish government to re
move. -Whilst tlio oaptain-generul of Cu
ba i invested with general despotic autho
rity in the govornment of that island, tho
power iw viRhheld from him to examine
and redress wrongs committed by officials
nilor'lii oenirol, on citii.-n of tho Uni
ted States. Instead of making our com
plaint directly to him at Havana, we are
obliged to pesent them through our niin
lister at Madiiid. These ure then referred
'back to the captain general for informant
tion ; -nnu mucli time is thus consumed in
preliminary investigations and correspon
dence between Madrid and Cuba, before
the Spankh gevernment will consent to
proceed iAfflegstiation. Many of tho dif
ficulties fool ween the two governments
would Webvi(ted, and a long train of ne
gotiation avoided, if the captain goneral
wcrftinvetettwith authority tosett le ques
Hiomsof :w.y -solution on the spot, whore
-all tb faota re fresh, and could be
irromptly ar.d satisfactorily ascertained.'
We ha Hitherto in vain urged upon the
Spanish. g4vemment to confer this power
upon the cAptain general, and our minis
ter to Spain sjrill again be instructed to
urge titis subject to their notice. In this
respect; we occupy a different position
rfromfhoipowen of Europe, Cuba is almost
within sight of our shores ; our commerce
with it is far greater than that of any other
ration, hiataling Spain itself, and our ci
tizens are in habits of daily and extended
personal intercourse with every part of
theirtluui. It is, theroforo, a griovance
that, when any d fliculty occurs, no ruat.--tor
how unimportant, which might be
.readily ettlod at the moment, we should
bo connpelled to resort to Madrid, especi
ally when the very first step to be taken
Hhore is to nter it back to Cuba.
The truth is that Cuba in its existing co
"lonial condition, is aconstant source of in
jury and annoyance to the American peo
ple. It is the only spot in the civilized
world where the African slave trade is tol
erated : and we are bound by treaty with
Great Britain, to maintain a naval force
on the coast of Africa, at much expense
both of life and treasure, solely for the
purpose of arresting slavers bound to that
lGiauu. i no inio se.iuus i.iiiiuuuies oe-
tween the United States and Great " lirit-:
. .. - 1
am rejecting tlio right of seareh now so i
nappuy terminated, oouici never nave an-
en if Cuba had not aftbrded a market for
:i- l.- .1 . .n'n.j.. . . r i
laves. As long as this market shall re
main open, there can be no hopo for theories to persons as well ns property, have
civilization ot benighted Africa,
Whilst 1
h dAniund for slavespontiniiP. tn fi.l.a
. .
wan will be waged among tho petty and i
oarunruus cuiuis in i.i .cn, iui iue purpose 1 govei iinieni.
of seizing subjects to supply this traJo. In Meantime, in various parts of the repub
auch acondition of affairs, it is impossible : lie, instahces have been mnierous of the
that the light of civilization and religion ' murder, imprisonment and plunder of our
can ever penetrate thpso dark abodea. ; citizens, bv diiferent parties claiming and
It has been made known to tho world
by my predocessors.that tho United States
iUiyh on Btt.-ra. ute;uiiii iu lein iiea to ac-
quire Cuba from Spain by honorable nego -
tiation. If this were accomplished, tho,
-last relic of the African slave trade would
instantly disappear. We would not if we
could, acquire Cuba in any other manner '
i ii i im iiiih li i fin r urn iimihi rnnrnri ni' mil-
.... l'i l
lia ttrritorV WlilCll we nnv? nr.dUirod mnnn
,
the origin of our government 1 as been bv I
iiio oriK o "'" mvi K'noy
lair purchase trom rranco,pain and Mex-
ico, or by the free and voluntury act of the
independent State of Texas, in blending
her destinies with our own. This course,
wo hever pursue, unless circumstances
wo shallever pursue, unless circumstances
.u.,l,l - v.;.... ,i, , .:
luoum niui, miieu e (U r.oi now ant l-
ipate, rendering a departure froui it Juati-
imoie, uiiuri .no iiijijorauve and overru-
ling law of elf paeservation. I
fi.Klo utrlkA mn,ni... .-.I
The Island or Culm, from iu geographi-
vwi .v-,.ivii, w, . --A. uiu mvubii oi me.
Mississippi, and the immense and annual-'
ij incrtanj trade, foreign and coastwii. '
J. l.u...r 1 . i.l.;! t i . . ..
I il el . v-W
Mill IK, IP bii'j I !i .i-,mmH htnit vl lli.i
rn.-n.
ilhlhM Mt,. ttn-p M r d-mliil'in of
dislnnt rt"iti p rr.thMm l.-,o t Hid Im-
potUtice to th.-e Mnt.., lrp.-i-l tollm
Intifri Id boing de-dm) nl In I mm tf K fir,
and it has hitht-i to been atihjd. led lo
pptual Injury and tin") in " lit Vnnn it
peace. tnr relatione with Sp.,in. whieh
ouiini 10 t e ni tno most li iot',1 v . minnim
jinr rmuiiK coionmi goVM nmiMil over tint
lulnnt lmll rontftin in it i.rMi'lit comli-
tho United State. Jealous, a ho ever
was, of the nationul honor and interest
ot r rancc.no pomou uirougiioui tlio woria
, ha imputed blumo to him, for uccupting
' a iipctiniarv equivalent for this coshion.
nmuy b.'cotno iudinnon.sablo to succcojs,
eriiinont iinniediutelv after tho sinning of
the treaty, without awaiting the ratilicii -
J tion of il by the Senate. I am cticuuruged
to make this suggestion, by tho exniniilo
j of Mr, Jefferson provious to the purchase
ol Louisuinaiiom fiance, and that ol J)r.
my message of December last, 111 tavor ot
an appropriation "to be puid to tho Span
ish government, for the purpose of ilistii
bution among tho claimants in tho Auiis
t.ul case." Pi evident Tolk made a bimilar
recommendation in December, 1817, and
it was repeated Iv 111 v immediate nrede-
1 1 - t
cessor in December, 18"j3. I entertniu no
.7 1 t .1. ... 1
'cutout with our own southern txttiiulary
from eeean to ocean ; and wo must neces
01 Unit i-epuuiie, ana luivo lnuuigea ti.e
hope that it might at last, after all its tri
als, enjoy poaco and proterity under n
free and stable government. Wo have nev
or hitherto interfered directly or indirect ly,
with its internal utl'.iirs, and it is a duty
we owe to ourselves, to protect the integ.
rity of its terrilary, ngainst the hostile in
terference of any other power. Our geo
graphical position, our direct interest'iii all
that concerns Mexico, and our well set
tleif policy in regard to the North Ameri
can continent, render this an indispensa
ble dutv.
Mexico has been in a stato of revolution
almost evor since it achieved its indepen
dence. One military leader after another
has usurped the government in rapid suc
cession ; and tho variuos constitutions
from time to time adopted have been set
at naught almost as soon as they were pro
claimed. The sucoessivo governments have
afforded no adequate protection, either
to Mexican citizens or foreign resi
dents, against lawless violence. Hereto
fore, a soizuro of the capital by a military
chieftain, has been generally followed by
at least the nominal submission of thecoun
try to his rule for a brief period, but not
so at the present crisis of Mexican affair.
A civil war has been raging for some
time throughout the republic, which has
endeavored to subvert theconstitutioti last
framed, by military power, ond those who
maintain the authority of that constitution.
The antagonist parties hold possession of
ditlercnt States of the republc, and the
fortunes of war aro constantly changing.
Meanwhile, the most reprehesible means
have been employed by both parties to ex
tort money from foreigners, as well as na
tives, to carry on this ruinous contest.
The truth is, tbat this fine country- bles
ed with a productive soil and benign cli
mate, has been reduced by civil dissension
to a condition of almost hopeless anarchy
and imbecility. It would be vain for this
govern men t to attempt to en force pay mon t
in money of the claims of Amerinau citi
zens, now -.mounting to more than ten mil
lions of dollars; against Mexico, because
she is destitute of all pecuniary moans to
satisfy these demands.
Our late minister was furnished with
ample powers and insructions for the ad
justment of all pending questions with the
central government of Mexico, and he per-
formed his dutv with zeal and ability.
.... f
lhe claims of some el our citizens, some
oi tiiem arising oui oi me violation ot an
i- ... . . ... .i ...... .
express provision of tho treaty of Uauda-i
remained unredressed and even unnoticed.
lfpmnnir.,pp ,t.iI..h. tl.eso or.pvnnp.w
tutu nit.- it thst I"
- .-n--- r- --"Mrnorv numoering, ns is anegc
have been addressed without eflect to the len thousand souls, are pracli
exercising a local jurisdiction ; but tho I
central govemmeut, although repeatedly
urged inereio, nave made nocnori eiiner
to punish tlio authors of these outrages or
to prevent I heir recurrene. No American
cirizen can now visit Mexico on lawf ul bu.
sinesii, without imminent danger to bis per
son and property There is no adequate
, .vvvivk " mm ivepwi
n rni mri tnii t r oiiiiap art ci in Tina tiu tn r
" 'til. tl' I 1
. ...
nur frAi.tv nrith that rnnntilin ia nlronuf.
dead letter "
uean itiier.
This state of affairs was broueht to a cri-
sis in May last, by the promulgation of a
decreelevying a contribution pro rata up-
on all the capital in the republic between
certain specified amounU,, whether l.eld
certain speciiie.l amount,' whether held
u nr : 'ir. ...
pv Jiexicansorioreiancrs. Mr. rorsvi i. re-
carding this decree in the light of a forced
r-...l.. ..':... .1 1:
loan, lormeny proiestod against the npplt
eationto his countrymen, and advised them
not to pay the contribution, but to suiter ,
ib io uo lorcioij exaciea.
Acting upon this adv;
Acting upon this advice, an American
citi?on refured toper the contribution, aud
lit i 1 1 1 W ii M i?i I hi n i' I In. h l nl
II. ,. ?,.. i.nlml t'-'ll tt :,
Ili r-t tinnn nl j t-. I mill !n Hn-i,
mi l lnnU d. n . i-buni til. t dim tu rn
II,,. r.niMt v lie ltnine.liM.lv lii.Hlied
them that II lUs 1 tee fdmuM l .mind
intn Mi-cnllnn he Would f. .1 II tol" Msdu-
(,i rlopl the l.n-.t decided lii-iisint-
that bcl um to the ponem and Mi,t i,,ti
nl ll.. ipni.-sehtnlm. .Illep. N ithstulel
!.,- t . . , .. .... t ,. !.., Ii ix.i, t m im in
fni-.ril. nml Fr. lui'Vlli trnmiitlv nn-
noiiiii cil lo tl p govri lini.'lit tin- Mi-x liMi'n
ol tlip in 'lineal rclntioinol lii iin with
HUh fti ticlo of tho troaty t liplwpen
l-'reat Mrituin ami Mexico, no tho benelits
!of which American citizens are entitled by
treaty ; yet tlio 111110:01 ion 01 1110 conin
tuition upon fornijsni'M win connidoivil an
uninHt and onre.siivo niei.suro. Keridi,
forts.
And from tho temper manifested by the
Mexican government, bo had repeatedly
!asHiiied us that no favorable change could
j hecxpeeted until the Unitd Sates nhould
! "give striking evidence of their will and
I power to protect their citizens," and that
I severe clmstening is the only earthly rein-
ie.!y lor our grnvanees. v 10111 this state
ment of facts, it would havo been worse
than idle todircet Mr. Forsyth to retrace
his steps and resume diplomatic relations
with that government ; and il was, there
fore, deemed proper to sanction his with
drawal of tho legation from t ho city of Mex
ico. Abundant cause now undoubtedly ex
ists for a rosori to ho-tlliliea a.unt the
government still holding pos,ei-sion of tho
capital. Should they succeed in nubdueing
the constitutional forces, all reasonable
lioiif will ll.pn Iifivii evitired of 11 l.tiAfct'iil
. " 1 . . 1
ttiti ot'tlie roinotc mid unisi
ttled territory
of Mexico, to be held in pledge until our
injurie- shall be re-lresseil and our just
demand bo satisfied. We have already
exhausted every milder means of of ob
taining justice. In such a case this reme
dy of reprisals is recognized by the law
of nations, not only as just in itself, but
only as a means of preventing actual war.
1 can imagine no possible remedy for
these evils, and no mode of resto,-ing law
and order on that remote and unsettled
frontier, put for the government ot the
United States to usstnne a temporary pro
tectorate over the northern portions of
Chiuabua and Sonora, and to establish
posts within the saine and this I earnest
ly reecommenil to Congre.-s. This protec
tion may bo withdrawn as soon as local
governments shall bo established in theso
Mexican States, capable of performing
their duties to the I nited States, restrain
ing the lawless and preserving beace along
the border.
liut thcro is another view of our rela
tions with Mexico, arising from the unhap
py condition of affairs along our south
western frontier, which demands imme
diate action. In that remote region,,
where there aro but a few white inhabitants
large bands of hostile and predatory In
dians roam promiscuously over the Mexi
can States of Chihuahua and Sonora, and
adjoining territories. The local govern
ments of these States ore perfectly help
less, and are kept in a stato of constant a
larm by the Indians. They have not the
power, and if they possessed tho will, even
to restrain lawless Mexicans from passing
the borders and committing depredations
on our remote settlers.
A stato of anarchy and violence prevails
throughout that distant frontier. Tho
laws aro a dead letter, and life and proper
ty are wholly insecure. For this reason the
tho settlement of Arizona is arrested,
whilst it is of great importance that a
chain of inhabitants should extend nil al
ong its southern border, sufficient for
meir own protection ana mat ol tne L ni-
tea .states .Mail passing to ana trom Lull i ia9 excited so much attention throughout
forma. U ell-rounded apprehensions are j the cullllt1Vi J11W ).en properly lebuked
now entertained, that tho Indians nmUi.y James 'Boooks Ksq. one of the editors
wandering Mexicans equally lawless, may iuut ,Vprietors of the New York Exprn,
break up the important stage and postal , in , tvllowine pointed und significant
comnurliication recently established be-' 1 n 1 1 fi u n fit? :
t ween our Atlantic and Pacific possessions, j AlI ,m. js (r, conljmlc u,)0n tlic im.
I his passes very near to tho Mexican p,.int ol- The Eri,r(ss Ulll.ins my n)SOI1,.P ;
U..U.......J, imuug .uut i hi.- nuuiu luni. v.
uovcri "
LOllli -
I do not doubt that this measure
v.cwe.nna ineim. vspirii uy mo govern -
i i ii.. ... .i .
d people of Chihuahua J
it will prove iitlectual for the
of their citizens on that remo'e
in-iii .1 .iii-i
.7U.I-I1U, It 111 I.UU 1IIHTUIII1 IU. . UU
p.ntpC,ion of their citizens on that remo'e
Sonora, as i
fln(i i.iwt,v, fr0itier as lor citizens of the
i';tlMl t.iton
. -
. : . t. " -r " ' ..i . L.. L V . "
. . 1 ' . ,""v.,,'
d.
.radically without
a government, without laws, and without
at.y regular administration ot justice.
with taunnilv ''This'ZethlZ' e!,n
with impunity. I his state, ot tilings calls
loudly for redress; and I therefore repeat
mv rnniiil,ll, Cm. nui.,1.
my receonimend tl'ion for tho
nf, of a territorial governmei
establish
government over Ar
izona.
The political conditiou of the narrow
Isthmus of Central America through
which transit routes pass; between the At
lantic and Pacific oceans, presents a sub-
jpc, of (leep interost to all commereii.l na-
tti-iliti If la nt'AK Iboun t wi tiUif u I lint n
.- . . .1.
lions. ii icy uci menu iitiimii
at . . . .
AW C3 lilt "VJ IIHIIPIIP) UIUV f
i.rge proportion ot tne raoe on,, irayeioe-
tween tho huropcati and Asiatic continents
(1 trnvel be-
.i...:...i . t .i, it:.j
iiiinuncMw .,
United States
it U of incalculable importance asameans
0f communication between their Atlantic
and lv,iic possessions. The latter now
cxtenled throughout seventeen detrreesof
.-.I 1...,',; ..,.c..t:...n Tl.
cXVend d hrou
cxiendid iniougiioui se enteen degrees ol
1. ii....;r .
'u unl,.. ,, . a J A . i r"' ;" . ' V 1
",V"i: - .,.,,
flourishing Territories
Wo.hinpton
of Oregon and
An commercial nations, therefore, have
de-nnnd direet. intnri il,.i nnn,.
muni.ations shall be rendered secure from
intorniptio7is
1 f ft rt mm it I Im p coiliei I lh Hip Im rt
I -nr-MM- I tin n.eli Me.,i,i,oin mil
r,..in i, It mold in.) Ip -r t -1 -lr I Hint
thte Stui-s Mould ImipUie liM tnnm-i
or t laid In iml lintHoii. in Mm Itijuty ft
oll,-r liiili.;t.. Tln ltani.it I f Inn, I ovrr
this imrn.w itlihiu, occupies ti.snv the
Mine position. Illtft highway in w hlch
ihcy themsclt p hnvo liithi int-r-(, hen
iviini ni.-il Hill. llintHMt Interests oflli.i
rest it the w in Id. Whilst their riebt of
ooveieigiit might to be respected, it is the
duty el other tuitions to teiiuiie, that thi
iiupoi taut ptssagp i-hall not Ip interrupted
by the civil war and revolutlnniry out
break which hae so frequently occurred
in that region.
The stake is too important to bo left at
the mercy of rival companies, claiming to
iioni eouiciing coiiiriici wuu icarugua.
i lie com me.ice 01 oner naii mi , o to
"'"V'1.'": ' ttn:1.1.. "e tmP"t:.
ft.. - . . !...:.-
uch
l.etty controversies. I lie govern -
ment of tho United S'ale expect nonior!"" V 8 . . V
than this, and they will not be sntisli..l Jewl tmld ')' iho nuthonties of I5a
wiiii irs.H. nicy wouki noi, li inoy couki
transit, not common to tho rest of the
world. lU neutrality nnd protection, for
the eotnmon usoofall nations, is their
.A ' .. .. ,, . V- 1 . '
1 hey have no objection Jiat Nicaragua occurrence in tho countries in which ig -
shull .lemand and receive a fair co:npo. J orni(.e w. u (
sation, Irom the companies and indu'idu-1 , r .
als who mav traverse the route: but thev;a,",1,lunt PV0,'J' Idling himianity, is
insisi nun ii snail never nerear.er oe cio -
"j ...... (....x...
nieni. it iiispuies uriso net ween ii nni
those with whom they have entered into
contracts, these must be adjusted by some
lair tribunal provided tor tlio purpose, and
.1 v -1 r. ....
...o ,n. -...i .u ,..".-.. ii.iji nir;iU(lK Cll(;il l.ailCO Ol 1. US 11HU UT IIIH I 1 111 I IIOl"
controversy. Th s s our whole noliev. I ... ..., ... 1
and it cannot fail to bo acceptable to oth
er nations.
All these difficulties might be avoid; 1,
... CO..S.S eni.y win, u,o gooa m.in o . c
nrn-'iia. tlio nsn nf tins trni.sif. pni.1,1 ).a
"i n " , :. .
thrown oiien to general competition : pro -
vtdingattl.o same time for the payment
ot a reasonable nito to the ieniapuan
government, on passengers and lreight.
"us .w-kwij uon lor exective jnn riereiuc .cretaiy
pom nan v mailo its lirst lnterocemiin trinl,. ...
over the Nicarauguan route, and continu-
on in succcsstui operation, wuu gieal ail-
vantage to the public, until the 18th Feb-
ruury, imh, wnen ii was eioseu, ana tno
Kinv ... .uu v.---ii.....,i , -1 ..til im mul-
..-l, "Vlv rvi.. ..- .. il v. uivillilllll l. tvn vi
oy tho government of President Iiivas
t'rovnus to tins date, however, in i.v4, se
rious disputes concerning the settlement
of their accounts had arisen between the
company unit the government, threaten
ing the interruption of the route at any
moment.
These the Uniled States in vain endeav
ored to compose. It would be useless to
narrate the Mirious proceedings which
took place between the parties, up to the
tune when the warrant was discontinued,
"-iillice it to say that since February, IS.".,"),
it has rein .iiied closed gi-eutly to tin- j nj
udice of citizens of the Uniled State.-.
Miicothut time tbecmupetition lias cea-ed
between lhe rival routes of Panama and
Nicaragua, and, in consequence thereof,
an unjust and un.easonalile amount has
oceii exacieu iioui our citizens iur ine.r
for
pa-s.tg(. to anil lrotn Lalitottna.
A treaty was signed on the 10th day ol
Nov. IK57, by the Secretary rf State ami
M inister of Nicaragua, under the stipula
tions of which the use and the protection
of the transit route would have been se
cured not on I A' to the U.S. but equally to
all other nations. How und on what pre
text this treaty has failed to receive the
ratification of tho icaraugunn govern
ment will appeal-by the papers herewith
communicated from the State Department.
Tho principal objection seems to have
been to the provision authorizing the Uni
led States to employ force to keep the
route open, in case Nicaragua should fail
to perform her duty in this respect.
From tho feebleness of that republic, its
frequent changes of government, and its
oonstant internal dissensions, this had be
come a most important stipulation, and
one essentially necessary not only for the
security of the route, but the safety of A
merican citizens passing and repassing to
and from our Pacific possessions, Were
such a stipulation embraced in a treaty be
tween the United Statesand Nicaragua, the
knowledge of this fact would of itself most
probably prevent hostile parties from com
mitting aggressions on the route, and ren
der our actual interference for its protec
tion unnecessary.
Coxchision next week.
Mutiny in the Camp. It soenu that
all tno opposition press are not willing to
receive as gospel tho dangerous teachings
of the great seotmnahst, illiam II. few
ar(, jjis recont Rochester speech, which
Kurope, J avail myself of that coming ab-
Isenctosay, that I urn not responsible for.
; I'8 1,0li,iC"! C0,"'M:, ,ll"lt 1 1,tt.ve,.l,t'lo,,'t'11 ,
jn lm -.nr v nr ii.i-tv ni'irn,..?,.!..... li.wia
j ,0 1)0 parly or ,,rty organization since)
j 1S53, and that I am not likely to belong
, ,0 lliy ns .,nrliea now exist.
vi... i . r..n..
t n nnv lla (...,.. irta
"y fnt prompt
What prompts mo now especinlly to
'i . " i' 1 . .
1 r "rlKK " "'-"""ary m m un-
. ... en i p. if. ft- ih kiip rpvi.i.,1 lnmirv n in. n.i
, ' . .
. n" "I''' n.nt ' w n, to be approvt c or
disapproved by Ills Mate, and the seeming
fitiiirnvnd liv hia Siiiia nml tii ttAnnnti t
t .... . , " " '
hi nniv ii i iim itipiii .iiiio ii:i trivin iri inn
f..0i 'thiit the State at heart endorses revo-
lution, or the result ; and yet it cannot be
,h ar"Tnt ,,!W "'I ,,,c
fre offt reaiity , or that the coming Leg-
yftturei if ft vacancy existed in the Uni
...... .. J . . . ...
ted Slates Senate, would re-elect him to
fill it. Alter such a Stale's cndorsmetit,
then, of such a speech, I cannot as a Jour
nalist, refrain front saying, with a full
annua ftfilin mm. t. inir nl tl.n ivr-pila iln.i
inmy judgment, no political culamity 'could lnont to restor c wlsiola some igno
bo greater than to add to the New York rant and superstitious Bologonians have
endorsement, tho endorsenient of the Re-
public which his friendsjire contriving or
in,,ing for him. Conservative Whig' s
t... .i. i.t r r-i ..i .r.,".,..
shaping lor mm.
I am, of tho Sch
nn,i i-P;tnfi.i" trnino.1 ;.. 'i'.nl- ;,!., r
1 V '.v eusier.
'r
Ulns,lU,,1?nftl V1
IlolEor flom
.hLi S
i.aw and order, I can have
II- , I 1 1 f-f 1 I nm I ,1 1, , A,l nia.il .. n
......-..,, .... .r.... v.-. .1.11 1 -J-
,0,UT" T l'omo'cl,1(, nnoLy. and there-
fore shrink from and rpi.nd i.tp n P..l..n.
............
menU lnat n,,iy lo,l(l .V1.""'
- I
to them 7
JAMES BROOKS.
Nov. jq. igsg.
Pl'lll.lC Sale. R. B. Lotiir. trustee nd.
1 i niw. "il. " ,
coal hind for nale .it,.Hio,l ,,,.nn tl.n hi
and little Moslmnnen creeks.
i U lfnil)li(,tn.
r 1 it '
CI.DAHKIKI.Ii, December l'i. ls"s.
THE MORTARA AFFAIR.
u -..r.i. .. .. i ...
l"" "I'l'"s..e... ..fss, ...
I.. ... . . ... :.. . -- 1 1
ever reaoy to sira.it nl a g.i.u nnu .-
-ee,.deavoring to create a
i ,.-,i1B r, ,, , ,.! I
mjriui, nim 1110 kuumhiiumiv r-u .wm vi uv
lope to intenero in u.o niauer, unit nave
it restored to it parents. This cofnpara -
j UV(,,y tnii.ng :ntiair, lor it is trilling when
; unrn iu uu ciioi iiiiius omnige, mm our
u, i-. i, im-.. i, .n in. . I..7I uiii . '-i u ion. -ii iu
:..,..c. ...i :.. .: . ....... . .
tween the respective claimants of the
ciniu. mo jews oi i imiKieipiiia recently:.
' . . ...
- T 1,tMT . . 'T" . 1 .
s.o on w,o suojeci, ny which ine mora.
j weight of the United States might be felt
, the conlroversy ; , other words .ol.ci -
. i .....
leu our goveilinieni 10 CSIiOUse IUIS net t)V
; .. , . '
i,ome lxI"ps"on 01 comle"n,"110n' 10
become a jieaco maker in the domestic
broila of other countries. To this ..pplica-
VJ
''m.ic. . S.
," " " 1 "' " " " ,,K! "'""N.ni.. ol mat place, but ol tt.o wl.olo coin,.
e"'"'" ""'" """-1 j '-'"" mu
.down that We give the extract.
-'n.is occurrence took i.hice within the
terriioiies ol nil lliuei em lei 1 1 power, ami
without atlecting the lights of an. Anieri
can citizen. It is the settled policy i f the
Unitinl States to abstain from nil iiitelei -once
in the internal concerns of other
countries,
Certainly there is nothing in the cir
cumstances of this ease, as thev are lcisn t-
ed, which would impose this reserve up
on the government. But it is deemed
proper to adhere to the established prin
ciple which has heretofore regulated its
eonduc! in its intercourse with other na
tions. I am, sir, your obedient servant.
I.Ett IS ( '.:-,
I ins letter iiddlTsse.il to Abialririi
i'residetit ol the synagogue of P.
I'llh
.lews in Philadelphia, simply and respect
luy ,ept.ats what not only every
I fc--""ie iiu-iiiuiiip imoiiriciin iiii'i sin-
.:!.. l: . ... .:. . i
ners in tins count! y shohhl Know, hat n
is tne setti a policy ol the I nil.-it Mates
to abstain lrotn nil in.i ileience u the
internal concerns of o'her countries,"
However much it may deprecate the
barbarism that daily l.iani!'c-ts il.-i l! a
luong the superstitious nutioiis of the
globe However much us citizens ive mjv
Imnei-.t the ignorance tlurt injn-ls th
blind vot.'uy of any religion to coiiitn't n i
wrong However revolting to us us a civ
ilized peoplo may bo those cruelties inflict
ed by despots upon their sul jects, How
ever tyranieal may be the mandates that
disturb the domestic tranquility of other
countries it has never been, and we sin
cerely hope never may be, a part of our
foreign policy to interfere in the family
fights of other nations. Our countiy,
though a defender of the oppressed when
within the legitimate sphere of its influ
ence, is not the espocial cspouser of every
petty quarrel that may arise in Europe,
Uncle Sam treats the subjects of other
countries as a schoolmaster does his pu.
pils, instructs and corrects them, while
with him, but after they havo got home
permits them without nny interference to
bo instructed and regulated by their pa
rents. His protection is not so clastic as
to strech to Italy and make war on the
Pope, because Homo devout subjects in n
remote part of his kingdom steals old Mrs.
Mortara's baby. Buchanan is too much
of a bachelor to entertain any peculiar
veneration for babies, und has wisely con
cluded to let every country take care of
its own. We would indeed have a pretty
time did our government consider itself
bound to pitch into all their family fights,
1 - '(?' -
1,1,(1 ,",c,,n'0 t'10 guardian of Babydom all
over the world. And yet for not doing so
. . . ..
vials of bitter indigniiti on aro poured
.ii.Hu. u.ui-.
on
iiicnead ot ine administration, and the
. , , - . , . . .
oecause mey win noi declare war against
...-.. . .... t ,.r v ... . ... .
...
. nises to restore to a mother her lost
off
"l'ring- That foreign policy would indeed
be a brilliant one, that would scourge a na-
ti"" becullse 801c A
pPnn , .., r , , , ,- ,
ranC, P It,ly, I,,lnl ':ed ra
1 nl 1.., 1. , f... , ..
dient boy and drove him from the!
.mi.M-..nl roof n.,,1 l,,;i,t ,.,.i.i ,
that recommended l.y our opposition
friends the interference of our govern-
stolen from its parents,
tlie humanity that promp
We commend
humanity that prompts the suggestion,
wo think the policy so earnestly advo-
;
but
catedbvour friends is better ml,m!,.,l i,.
nurseries than to Republics.
f- T t.
hMwt ..ore iu-.TB.,.CAV.We
tundor our acknow ed.fr..,r.tu
- --e ' " i" una phi
ling Democratic paper for its notice
of the "Clearfield Republican," and assure
its editor that We have tllOUl?ht fLS TiH.pIi
..,.!.. :. .i. ...
"'w'" 'i pruiso uianiisajE ol us.
Long maj he live to preside over the des
inies of tho "Republic an-"
i VVllMUltnH
Ue,..M,t, t!.;- ..-., the,, ......
(I I-nml nl ini-cl if( lull nl AtMiiimil),
flMl iIm Apt".
Wo C'llitl'.t Ii ' tliilikii (t mi l ,,!t
too, tliut pu-nt ileal it Hit ftiit '
bflitig vxpetided in tlm ngilatiuii i.f(,t (,
inovid of the O'llity Sent to III Imij,!,)
Ing ullage ol ( 'in weiivillp, that intin
; will scarcely "pay." Yet wo riq wjn
'that those udvocaling a removal nhoulj
' heard a well n those ojqiiwing j(, jj (i
, however amusing to see how suddenly in
portant our sister borough has grown, nj
how couililctclv tho Vel V exislenen nf it, .
(0 K ,,no,0,I ,, fVU,,
. . "'J
' 17 '
of ,u,r rivft Une of )ie rMolntioll(1 ,
... ,.,, ,
r, - . .. u
jvillois "on the public thoroughfare lwj.
- .. f m ,:rin (o Tyrone." Whv (leari
fc0 js Clcacficld, and onnsi;oola
Tlirtltltlr.
ftn(l ft rc)to (,irpc, T,Q tlis(u)co
; y t0 i.utllt,rHinlrg , v lhe Hm
sho(, & ikcrsvillo turnpike, thronrf
this place being about tlio same as by Cut
1 .', Ti.i i',.i ,.. it OJ .,
, d o f liH la t w ell as mm, .
;-' in our !uor, seems to havo entirolt
rpwi the notice our Ansonville fnend".
jiowt-ver we d.) not feel like arguiuir th
ease, having no idea that tho County Sent
will be removed, without stronger rcitsoti'l
than we liave vol seen, in lucl u-a . I
. .,.,! ,n n ol,nn.,m,. nnd .i,;r.;.,-
,11 " g
p s.i . ,l kc 1 1 , rpmnvi 1 l -I I
:""" fs('u- M'l'pose tl.eietnoi U totak,
! I'1'1"' 11 vt,-v fow Vn a Portict
of m). u.n.itorv ,,,-ickon oil, so as to have
j Cumensville entirely to one side of th..
j P(,UIt v or ,he moro r i,, developement
i ' 1 I "-"I
nr fim ri,,,r spp'inh m iv tnko t.l..p
some oiik r sec-ion m-ij taKe place, and I
thus may arise as strong reasons for a r
moval to some other point. The precarious
pXience of tho County Seatin one ploal
' .permanent v must retard the growth, not
' '
ty, as ine mtci esls ot u.o ppopic should
be identical, and the Country tdiouM bt
.as much interested in the improvement! I
ol ti e towns us ti.e towns are in the prop.l
i pol ity iiiid develo i nn lits of the cotiiitrj
I '! . .....
i no people oi a county suoiua iuko tl
'pride in their County Seat, ami cnoonrugtl
j its g.iowtl. find embellishment. 15ut who
; if a County Seut hold its franchise by to
- 1 uncertain u tenure as seems to be
inniiii-
ed by some of the people of this county,
would loci sale in purchasing or improve-
ing I lot ertv therein, if it be liable to U
tiaiisferied to another location l.v tit
time they have constructed a. id fated u,
oirnfo Miile. r- Hideiici-s or phi- es of liusi-
" ' tie:. The people of the county should
se I view the Miieslion li-1 Ktssi. olatel v. divc-lcl
ol the selt.sh bias ol u trilling reduction ol
lew but.,,!' then- taxes, so tifliini indeed, that it
... . ......
.voulil be s, iiri-cir percept tble. The conn
,y s 1U11,V able to build a Com t House nf
i n c, dimensions us the wants ol the ) eo-
,t..,,,he. Without one dollar of in ivsk-
luiuls
to aid in its construction, and with-
nil tho expense being u burthen.
A Grand and Iriteresticg Meeting;
In pur.-iu.iice of a call, a huge nun. In
of the citizens of Jordan township met at
Ansoiisville school bouse on Saluid.iy
.veiling the 11th daj of Dec. 1S58.
Un motion, Kobcrt Lidiile was called to
tho chair, and W. 1!. llegarty was chosen
foe'y.
Tho object of the meeting hnving been
briefly stated by the president, which was
to take into consideralicn the propriety of
the removal of the county seat from Clear-
field to Curwvnsville.
On motion, John Swan, II. Swan, Isaac
Hanes, R. B. M'Cully und James Hunter
were appointed a committee to draft reso
lutions expressive of tho senso of the
meeting. The committee after retiring
for a short time, reported the following
resolutions, which were unanimously
dopted.
JiesoU'dl, that we are in favor of remo
ving the county seat from Clearfield to
Curwensville.
jtntniftit, that Curwensville is a more
central place, befng on the public thor
oughfare leading from Frie to Tyrone.
Jlcsolvoi, that the citizens of Curwens
ville have pledged themselves to erect the
pubuie buildings in case of a removal,
(which would be a saving to the tax-pay-
.rs of Cleat field county, of from thirty to
forty thousand dollars,) that wo will use
all honorable means to eflect a removal nf
the county seat from Clearfield to Cur
wensville.
On mot inn, P. W. Wise, Isaac Hanes,
II. Swan, John Swan and Peter Bloom
were appointed delegates to attend the
meeting at Curwensville on Friday the
IT t ii day of December next.
On motion, W. B. llegarty, refer
Bloom, James Ilavidson and II. T. Sl.oe-
r-'"g werenppoin
"V'
On motion. 7?,'
. (), ..- .
1 HlgS OI I Ills 1110011
ited to present petitions
sohed, that the proceed-
,ns OI 1,118 'pctlg w published in tue
'Iiaftsniuns Journal" and the "Clearfield
Rejtiblican."
On motion, the meeting adjourned.
ROBERT 1.1 DOLE, Tres't.
W, B. IIkcartv, Sec't.
The Message occupies so much of our
space that we have scarcely any room leit
for other matter. We give the larger por
tion of it this week, and will conclude it
next week. Want of space compels us to
forbear comment for the present. The
document however is of a character to re-
quire none. It is a plain and concise
statement of tho foreign and domestic re-
tntlrtna nf ttiA pn.inlrv a. .11 11l1n.1l. I rpppivt
. . . .
a caret in perusal oy every reader. e
will endeavor to give a synopsis ofthev
rious reports at an early date.