10 iitit t t f ill ' J, II. LARItlMER, Editor. "i:xcLiion. TERMS-$1.25 per Annum. VOL Villi. NO 2G. CLKAKFIKUVPA. WEDNESDAY, DECEMI5KH 15, mn. N E V S EH I E8 Vo I . 1II.-KO 40. Term ut' Hulmrrlptlim. tfpM in ailvsnre. or within throo months, $1 25 fpiii tnj time within thyiMir, . . . 1 ill (piil ftr tlio expiration of t lie yeur, . 2 00 Terms of Advertising. jr,rii,mnt uro inserted in the ltiquiblirnn il the foliuTiig ruiof ; 1 Insnrtnin (l,eqmir,(14llnc,) $ 60 tt.tqr.f,(M.) 1 00 .,iuros. (42 hues,) 1 50 2 l. $ 75 3 ,1. $100 1 1 50 2 00 2 00 2 50 till"- - i . month. 6 inn's. 12 mo Dnt &n'. Three (ouuros, four .arps, Half n'olunin, $2 60 $4 00 $7 00 4 00 6 00 10 on : 5 00 8 00 12 00 00 10 00 I t 00 : 8 iiu ' 12 Oil 18 00 1 1 00 20 00 I!5 00 Om ooluran; Over throo wooks ini'l less than three month? 25 ntl !er HUaro tor eiien maroon. Bininof notice! not oxcoeding 8 Hues are in ier:cJ fer $2 n yonr. A lvorti'omont.i not marked with tho number of iiMrtioni dmiroil, will bo continued till forbid liarxcJ according to theno term. 8 J. II. LARIiTMEK. PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE. Fe!!ju:-cili:ciis vf the iSeimtc ai-d IIuusc Jlepromlatka : When we ciunpare the condition of tho country at the present day with what it was one year ago, nt the meeting of Congress, wo have much lea son lor gratitude to that Almighty Uiovi dence, which has never failed to interpose for our relief, ut the most critical periods of Our history. One vear ago, the section- iii v"i - j . .- il strife between the .ortii aim uie .ouin , on the dangerous subject of slavery, had a- j eain become so intense us to threaten the J wMtfcur.d I'crnotuitv of tho confederacy. L. , . . i- . . 1 .1 : . .: ,.r tlie nniilication for the admission ol Knn- kij.is n State into the Union, fostered this miliappy ugitation, and brought the whole suliject once inure before Congress. It irw the desire of every patriot that such mefsUie of legi-l.iti m might be adopted. u would remove the excitement Iroiii the Slate, and confine it to tiie Territory ivh?re it legitimately belonged. Much ha boon done, I ant hippy to say, towards tliea'imphs!:m. nt ol this object, during tlie last session of Congress. Tlie .Supreme Court of the United States bud previously decided, that all American citizen, have an equal riglit to take into liie Territories, whatever is held as prop err? under the laws of any of the Stales, mi to hold such property there under the guardianship of tho iedeial constitution, so liuiL' us tho territorial condi.ioii thall rein.iu). This is now a well established position, md the proceedings of the hi t session were alone wanting to give it practical ef fect. The principle has been recognized in some form or other, by an almost unan imous vote of both houses ol 'Congress, that Territory has a right to come in'.o the Union either as n tree or slave State, accor. ding to the will of the majority of its peo ple. The just equality of all the States hm thus been vindicated, und a fruitful source of dangerous dissension among them has been removed. Whils such has been the beneficial ten dency of your legislative proceedings out side of Kansas, their influence has no where been so happy as within that Terri tory itself, heft to manage and control its own affairs in its own way, without the pressure of external influence, the revolu tionary Topeka organ i.ut ion and all its re sistance to the territorial government es tablished by Congress, have been finally ibundnned! As a natural consequence, that lino Territory now appears to bo tran quil and piosjierous, nnd is attracting in crensing thousands of immigrants to make it tlieir happy home. The past unfortunate experience of Kansas has enforced the le.-son so often already tuiight, that resistance to lawful authority, under our form of government, cannot fail in the end to prove disastrous to its authors. Had tho peoplo of the Territory yielded obedience to tho laws enacted by their legislature, it would a the nresent moment have contained a lurse additional population of of industri oui and enternrisina citizens, who have keen deterred from entering its borders ty the existence of civil strife and orgoni ed rebellion. It vnis the resistenco of rightful author ilv and the nescverinir attempts to estab. lish a revolutionary go ernnientunder the Tonekit constitution, which caused the the people of Kansas to commit the grave error of refusing to vote for delegates to the convention to frame n constitution, under a law not denied to be fair and just m it nrovisiono. This refusal to vote has been the prolific source of all the evils "linn nave lottoweii. in ineir nosiuuy to the territorial government, they disre prded the principle, absolutely essential to the working "1 our form of government, 'hat a majority of thoso who vote not tLe majority who may remain at home, from w hatever cause must decide the re Wit of an election. For this reason, seek ing to take ndvantago of their own error, they denied the authority of the conven tion thus elected to frame a constitution. The convention, notwithstanding, pro ceeded to adopt a constitution unexcep tionable in its general features, and provi ding for the submission of tho slavery question to a vote of the people, w hich, in toy opinion, they were bound to do, under the Kansas nnd 'Nebraska act. This was 'he all-important question which hndalone convulsed the Territory i and yet the op ponents of the lawful government, porsist )ng in tlieir first error, refrained from ex ri.sing their right to vote, and preferred that shivery should continue, rather than urrendor their revolutionary Topeka or $Miijntion. A wiser and better spirit seemed to pro before the first Monday of January '"t, "hen an election was held under the institution. A majority of th people 'hen voted for a governor and other State i ollieors, for u member of Congress, and members of tho State legislature. This o--: loot inn was wnnniv contested l.v the two political parties in Knnsns, nnd u gt enter vote was polled than nnv previous elec tion. A largo majority "of tlio inoinbcr.-i ot the legislature t lci t belonged to Unit party which had previously refused to vote. Tho mi ti -slavery party were thus placed in tlio ascendant, nnd tlio ptl.tical power ot the State, was in their own hands. 1 ml Congress ndmitted Kansas into the I nion niter tho Loronipton constitution, tlie legislature might, nt its verv hrst sos. sion have submitted tho question to n vote carrying out the principles of popular sov ol the people, whether they would or ereigr.ty and nonintervention, have left would nt have a convention to amend "tho mode and manner of its approval or their constitution either on the slavery or I ratification hv the people of the proposed any other question, nnd have adopted nil j state" to ho "piccribod by law," and they necessary means lor giving speedy effect to 'shall then be udmitted into the Union as the will ol the majority. Thus the Kan- a state under such constitution thus bur sas question would have been mimed lately j y nmi legally made, with or without sla nnu hiiany scttlnl. V01.v fts constitution may proscribe." Under tliec circumstances, I submitted An election was hold tLrou"hout Kan to Congress the constitution thus framed, js!lSf j ,,ur!Jtuam!e O,tho provisions of this wnh all the ofheers already elected neces-' nuti on ti10 fl0O11 j tinv of Aiifjust last, nnd etiry to jmt the State overniiient into op- , jt resulted in the rejection, by a large in iteration-uecompanied by a strong recom- jority, of the proposition submitted to the niendation m lavor ol the admission of ,)0eple by Congress. This lu iug tho case, Knnsis as a State. In the course of my they urc now authorized to form nnother long public hleJ have never performed! constitution, preparatory to admission in uny olhcial act which, in the retrospi ct, i to th ?l'nion, but not until their number, nas aiiorueu me more nearuea sui lsiau- tion. Its admission could have inflicted no possible injury on any human being, whilst it would, within a brief period, have restored peace to Kansas and harmony to the Union. Jn that event, the slavery qu stion would ere this have been lmnllv settled, according to the legally-expressed ' . - - , '"-r"" ul "'"'. mar sovereignty would thus have been vin- dieated in n constitutional manner. With my deep convictions of duty, I V.W...V r - .mil. I mvn i hiiiiih 1 fin nt li(l' nt ,111'si t, is true, that, as an individual, 1 had exp; ess- cd an opinion, both before and during the session of the convention, in favor of sub mitting tiie remaining clauses of the con stitution, as well as that contain. iig.-hivcrv, to the people. Hut, act ing in nn ollicial character, neither myseli nor any human auihoi ity had the power to rejudgo the proceedings of the convention, and declare the const ii in ion w hieh it had framed to be a nullity. To have done this would have been a violation of the Kansas nnd Ncs braska act, which left the people of the Territory "perfectly free to form and reg ulate their domestic institutions in their own wav. Mibject only to the constitution oi iu- i Mnei . 'iiinr, lu v, have violated the great principle of popu- ..I i.i ... viiit.w ir ivf.it, I s.r.1 i 1 1 1 ,r sovereignity, at me lounuuuou oi oui . institutions, to deprive the people ol the rower, if thev thought proper to exercise .1.-1. It, ol confiding to delegates elected uy 1 themselves the trust of framing a consti tution, without requiring them to subject their constituents to the trouble, expense, and del iy of a second election. It would have been in opposition :o many precox dents in our history, commencing in the very best age of the republic, ol the ad mission ot territories us ciuica mio me Union, without a previous vote ol the peo ple approving their constitution. It is to he lamciiieu unit a question so lllslgnillcalit When vieweii in no piucucai etlects on the people of Kansas, whether decided one w ay or theot her, should have kindled such a flame ot excitement throughout the couutry. Ibis retlcction may prove to lie a lesson ol w iMiom aiiu of warning tor our luture guidance, i rae- tically considered, the question is simply whether the people ot that territory should 11 ist come into the Union and then chan"e any provision in their constitution e . t .i i . . l:l. not agreeable to llieniseives, or aeeouipu.-u the very same object by remaining out of the Union ami framing another constitu tion in accordance with their will? In either case, the result would be precisely the same. Thu only dillerenee in point of fact is, that the object would have been much sooner attained, and the pacification of Kansas more speedily ellectud, had it been admitted as a State during the last session of Congress. My recommendation, however, for the immediate admission of Kansas, failed to meet the approbation of Congress. They deemed it wiser to udopt a dill'eront mcas. iiim I. it- tlie st: ttlement of tho question. l or m o i . i,rtt ,,nv 1 should nave neen ,V1"".':l;...:,r....i .....,w,.r,. to ueoomiilish tins COHSlllumm. - ..l.i.w.t I there fire. .i:..n I coiiua.y "VI"' in what has been called the Lnglish Com promise, and approved the "Act for the ,.,i,i,siot, nl1 the State of Kansas into the l-.oi.n" noon the terms therein prescribed, Under the ordinance which accompa-, tion, nnd the means .necessary i.r toe im nied he Lecomj.ton constitution the poo- 1 provement of he lcr.itory and the ad o o ' K u.sas hud chained double the vmcement of their own interests, nre thus ..r ....hlie binds for the support of diverted to very different purposes. II1I.I1IL111 'l . common shools. which hud ever oecii pre- viouslv grunted to any State upon entering hbe.al j.arent to the crri.ories, and a gen-, (i, , -U 'a V . cm h , eeo-ay J t mS another earnest attempt to questions in a practical manner, alike ho the Union ; and also the alternate sec ions erous con ribu or to the usdul e .te prises e n g s to v . d 1 Uie " J J , negotiation. I was j norable and satisfactory to both ; and this of land for twelve miles on each si. o o of tho car r sc tiers to o ex- s, m . o , nusU m nd ,1 uoU a j j, Uh , l,eeuse hope 1 have not yet abandoned. Jn my ih i u.K nnin me i , . dary, and 1 li.isi.i l ift I'lisiei II tu mi; ,, ,. i i ii., siotn. congress, uecm- incf these claims unreasonable, provided, 4 IS,, to which I have ,n admission of the Slate ig with the original ,tho fundamentul con- hut. amaioritv ofthe bv the act of May iust referred, for an on an equal footing Siluli.n. but. "upon Uio ,i:.:.. l.,ni" Hint a majority union I'll' , . ' . ' , . i i i peoiile thereof, at an election to beheld for that purpose, should, in jdace of the i.. i. of nub he lands n Inch vol y tin ktj f. .... . hev l aS demanded under the ordinance, r:': :: ; mw States. V n.ler " , 1 4 na ,111 Itl'Cll this act, should a nnijoriiy rejeei, mu i" r osition ollered them, 'in. "it shall be deemed and held that tho pooj.le of Kansas do not desire admission info the T'nion with said constitution under the conditions set forth in the jirojiosition." In that event, tho act autorizoB the jK-oplc of the Territory to elect delegates to form a constitution and State government for themselves, "when- ami nnttierore.it is ascertained by a " l .' . . . 1 .I...4 .l.- con' us dulv snd legiiliy iskco, iiiai uiu propulutioti of said Territory equals or ex coeds the ratio of representation required for a member of tho J louse of h'eprcsetilu tives of tho Congress of tho Uni ted States." The delegates thus iisscm hled "shall first determine ly a vote whether it is tho wish of tlio people of tho proposed State to ho admitted into the Union nt that time, and, if so, shall proceed to form a constitution, and take i;ll necessary stcjis for tho establishment ol'n State government in conformity with the federal constitution." After this cou- stitlll intl sluill li:iv I.....,, form.,.! f'..i.ri-..L.u ,1S i.,,,,..,! ,.- n ..nsns k ,o I n,, mil or iiy a census, exeeeil the ratio required to elect a mem ber to the llou-e of Representatives. it is not probable, in the present state of the case, that u third constitution can he law fully framed and presented to Congress j.y Kansas, before its population shall have reached the d. simiated imnih..i-. Nor is it, -r to tie piesumcii that, inter their sad espe- , ioiice in resisting the territorial laws, they will attempt to adopt it constitution in 'express vitiation of the provisions of an iu - 1 in viiiii;i ess, j.'iu iu me se.-sion ui . , r . . It . . .1 : r net ot Congress, filling the K lS'ii, much of the time of Congress was occupied on the qucMion of admitting Kan: as under the Topeka constitution. A.'.'iin, Hourly the whole of the hi: I sc. .. ion was devoted to the question id' its admis sion under the l.ecomplon constitution. Surely it is not unreasonable to require the people ot Kansas to wait, belore ma-i king a third attempt, until the number of -their inhabitants shall amount to ninety-! three thousand four hundred and twenty, i Uuring this brief period the harmony of tin" States, as well the great business in-! tercsts of the country, demand that thei people of tho Union shall not for a third time be convulsed b, another agitation on .. i- .. i. . mo Jvar.sas question. Jiy wailing tor a s10rt time, and acting in obedience to law, Kansas will Hide into the Union without . the slightest mil ediment This excellent provision, which Con gress have applied to Kansas, ought to be extended and rendered applicable to all Territories which may heicaftcr seek ad mission into the Union. Whilst Congress posses the undoubted power of admitting a new State into the Union, however small may be the num ber of inhabitants, yei this power ought not, in inv opinion to lie exercised before me population simu iu.iou.ii, tuiii.- "" required by the act for the admission of I Kansas. Had this been previously the I rule, Iho country would have escaped "'l ! lilt I'VIIS IIIJO II11MOI linn lo II1V 11 It IHIS been exposed by the Kansas question. I Of course, it would be uiijiist to give this ' rule a retrospective application, nnd ex clude a State which, acting upon tho past practice of the government, bus already formed its constitution, elected its legisla ture and other ofliccrs, and is now prc- pured to enter the I num. ineruie ougiu 10 oe uii.q.ieu, nin-iuei we consider its bearing on the people ol the Territories or upon the people ol the i-xistini? States. Many ot the serious ills- - r- .... -ii-. sr iisiotio w noli liavo laeviii oil in ( oniri'ess nml tbromdioiit the countrv. would have .V . . , ii i been avoided, ha 1 this rule been estab- lished at an earlier i.eriod of the govern - ment. Immeihjitelv onon the formation of a r, . r .1 :.r i t. .. t new I eiTllory, people iioio iiiiieieiu r-iaies and from foreign countries rush into it, for the laudable purpose of improving tlieir condition. Their first duty to themselves is to onennnd cultivate farms, to construct ronds. to establish schools, to erect place:; of relicious worship, nnd lo devote their energies generally to reclaim the wilde ness nnd to lay the foundations of a Hour ' iuli mr mill nrosnorous ooniinonwea th. ,"" -. .;' -.',...,. . ...:,, 11, 111 1111- llicipll Ol l oii'iiiion, niiiiii poj'- elation of a few thousand, they should prematurely enter the Union, they are op- 'pressed nyxne ouroei. ... ie i-.a. , l lie lei.orai gov err. n. cut ..as nn u-u, .. ! We Zui of 'tile cn,;,; i " ... ., ... i,, r... 1 . in i . nii'l til lis: irivno ........ ....... w , c 'uireo. L nder thoso circumstances, nothing can be Utter calcuhited to leturd ! theirmaicrial progress, than to divert them f.om their useful employments, by juema- tur.ly excitihg angry political contests a- niong themselves, for tho benefit of usj.ir- i,,g leaders. Itissurelyno hardship for ing leaders. Itissurelyno hardship lor ernhrvo coveriiors. senators, nnd members of Congress, to wait until tho inhabitants shall equal those of a single congressional j district. They surely ought not to be j-cr- P- : ulati.n less than one-half of several of the large counties in the interior of somo Kansas when in it made application to be admitted under tho Topeka constitution, p i les it requires some time to l ender tl e nias's of a population collected in a now Territory, ut .11 homogeneous, and to un te them on anything like a fixed poli- cv F.ublisl. the rule, and all wiU look Wward to it and -overn Uifitwlvraaoror- l,Tl nni'i iv i o . , i , . . -n . ..... i 1 1 n .m-o i ii win r.i 1: I.. uuigiy, Hut justiee '.o tho peopln ofthosevern I states requires that this rule should be os' tablishcd by Congress. Kach Slate i en" titled to two senators and nt least one rep reseiilativo in Congress. Should the peo of the States tail to elect a Vice President, the power devolves upon the Senate to se lect this ollieer from (he two highest can didates on tho list. In case of I he death of the President, tho Vice President thus eleetod by the Senate, becomes President of the United States. (In all questions of Irinlation, the senators from tho smallest States of the Union have an equal vote with those from tho lnrgo.M. The same may be said in regard to the ratification of treaties, nnd of Kxeoutivo appointments. All this has worked ndmirablvin practice, whilst it conforms in principle with too character of a government instituted by sovereign States. presume no American citizen would desire tho slightest change 111 I llO lirrnilf'oniClit Still is it not nniim' and unoouni to the existing Sl.ntos In th. vest some forty or fifty thousand people collected in a Territory with the attri butes of sovereignty, and place them on nnd equal footing with Virginia and New York in the Senate of the United States? 1'or these reasons I earnestly recom mend the passage of a general act, which shall provide Unit upon the application of a territorial legi.-ln.ture, declaring that the territory contains a nunibi r of inhabitants which, if in a State, would entitle them to elect a member of Congress, it shall be the duty Of the President to cause a census to lie taken, and. if found sufficient, then by the terms of this tr ' act, to authorize them ir own wav, to frame a State constitution preparatory to admi sion into the Union. I also recommend that an appropriation be made to enable j the I'resident to take a census of the pen. 1 jde of Kansas. j The jirwe.nl condition of the Territory I oil tuli, when contrasted with what it I was one year ngo, is a subject for eiuigr.it , illation. Itwns then in' a state n open Rebellion, and, cost what it might, the ! character nf the government required that I this rebellion should be siippre-'-cil and the Mormons compelled to yield obedi i once to the constitution and the lairs, hi order to accomplish this object, us I in-! formed you in my J:-t annual message, I appoiuted a new governor instead of Hi -ig-haul Young, and other federal ollieers to take the jdacs of those who, consulting' their jicisonul safely, had found it neces. sary to withdraw from the Territory. To protect those civil ollieers, and so aid them j as a ; iwr coihltdn.i, in the execution of iho laws in case of need, I onlerc 1 a detach- meiit of tlio iirmv to accompany them to I. tali. T he necessity lor luloptui the-o measures is now demonstrated. On the l"th of September, Go v- 1 ornor Young issued his proclamation, in the style of an independent sjver ign, an nouncing his purpose to resist by force of arms the entry of thcUniled States troops into our own Territory of Utah. I5y this he required all the forces in the Territory, to "hold themselves in readiness lo n,arch at a moment s notice to repel any ul a1 (ilR.,1 invjon,' and established ,llltriial law from its date throughout the Territory. These proved to be no idle threats, l'orts Drulger and supply were vucuteilalid burnt down by the Mormons, to ilenrive our troops of a shelter after -.heir lorn: and fatiguing march. woe issued by I'.iiiie' H. Wells, styling himself "Lieutenant General, .'aVoo Le gion" tostampede the aniuialsol' ihe Uni ted States troops on their march, to set fire to their trains, to burn the grass and ,(0 wi1(J eolintry beloro them and on ,1(.;r Hanks, to keep them from sleeping . ,,, K, .,.,.,.. .,,.. to blockade the ..' ..i i .. n;. ,i., it,., loan i letting mi.-i V o - . i .. t. i .. o-i . . i '...,..,....,,.. i l . -.! ' IICSC oiuei s ii ei e i oiii.i i mm mi - tuallv obeved. On the It li October, lSoT, ;.,,. rn,.,'0s Ciu lured and burned on. Green Liver, three of our supply trains,! ..nisisiiniT iA' seveiitv-fivo wulmius loaded ! . . 1 ...... f ... i 1 wnn provisions ami icnis lor mo arun ,.iihi j , rried away several hundred animals. This diminished the supply of provisions ao materially that General Johnson was oi.ii.ied to redueo the ration, and even ith this ii.ecuution. there was only siifli- . icnt left to subsist the troops until the fii-ut of .1 tine. i i.ii. liiil.. iirmv behaved admirably ill i r.i,e:o,miiieiit at l oi t 111 nh-'er inn er '" '" "." . ' "V ' . jnesO iryillg iIlVU.loiiR. jntne ilhu. oi Hie mountains, in a dreary, unsettled und ;i.r,,;i,.l.o rcirioii more than a thou- l,lll'.'.....'.v ..j... ... -- .....1 .c fi-nni hoi. n t hev ii:lsci1 the so. vere and inclement winter without a mm- Besides, after a careful examination of i ol April, lt-jd, Have been nnaiiy adjusted. !niur Thev looked forward with confi- the nature nnd extent of our gricvan- At the commencement of your last ses ' deuce lor nlief from their country in due cos, I do not believe that they were of such sion, I had reason to hopo that, emanci ! season and in this they were not disap- a pressing and aggravated character, as , pating themselves from further unavailing p",. , ... n , , ,, :. . i ;U, on the par. oftheMon,H,l,o,,, l.,uu ... i lom ...iinointf- in war without l u.,,u I. ..i,i iintr. t m iv.il- without tlie'otlnsion of blood. In his effort he was idlicieiitly sustained' by Congress. They granted appropriations sulhc, nt to cover the dclicieiicy thus necessarily created, nnd also provided for raismg two regi- ment. ol volunteers, "for the purpose of quelling disturbances in the lerritory o quelling disturbances in the lerritory of bility. In conjunction w ith tlie luissian Utah, lor the jiroteclion of supply and Plenipotentiary, he has peacefully, but ef emigrnnt trains, undtheni.pressionof In- fectuiilly co-operated with the English dian hostihtiss on the frontiers." Happily nnd French ph nipotontiaries ; and each there was no occasion to call these regi- of the four powers bus concluded a se la ments into service. If there had been J rate treaty with China, of a highly satis should huvo felt serious einbrrnssineut in factory tharncter. The treaty oonchidivl ofjsel l..i.tin! them, so great was the number .-.I nin ir vh iiiiii I nn l luiie i i' b uiiaioii.-i to serve their country in this distant and iippi.rentiy dangerous expedition. Thus , it has . ver be, n, nnd thus may il ever bo! The wisdom and economy of K-nding sullieie.it reinforcements to Utah are os - tablished not only by the event, but in the opinion of those who, from thou- posi- tion an o,,portunities, arc tho ne-st a- I ,, ... i;...l... ..... r:.. l': al'IC Ol loruullg a C01iecijieiiiii.ni. inn. .Johnson, the commnudur of the forces, iii addressing theSoeretnry of Wtir from Tort Hridger, under date ol October IS, 1,17, expresses the opinion that "unloM a large foiee is sent here, from the nature of the country, a protruded w ir on their the Mormons part is inevitable." ''"his he considered necessary to terminate the war, "speedily nnd more economically than if attempted by insnlliciorit inenn!'' In the mean time it was my niixious desire that the Mormons should yield obe dience to the constitution and tho laws, without rendering it necessary to resort to military force. To aid in ' accomplishing this object, I deemed it advisable, in A pvil hut, to dispatch two distinguished ci tizens of the United States, Mes-rs. I'ovy ell and M'Culloch, to Utah. They born with them a proclamation addressed by myself to tho inhabitants of Utah, dated on tho lith day of that month, WfiiTiing them of their trim condition, and how Iiop'dess it was on their part to persist in rebellion against tho I luted Stales, and otlering fill thoso who should submit to the laws a full pardon for their past sedi tions nnd treasons. At the tame time, I iissured thoso who should jiorsist in rebel lion against tho United States, that they must expect no further lenity, but look to be rigorously dealt with according to their deserts. The instructions to these agents, as well as a copy of the proclama tion, nnd their roporis, are herewith sub mitted. It will be .'een b their report of the od of July lust, that "they have fully continued the opinion expressed by Cen- oral Johnston, in too previous veiouer, ns to tho necessity of sending reinforcements to Utah. In this they state that they v-re "(irmly impres-ed with the belief that the presence of the army here, and the large additional force that had been ordered to this Territory, were tho inducements I that caused the Mormons to abandon the ! idea of resisting the authority of the 1'ni I led States. A lets dechive policy would piohably have rcmlted in a long, bloody : and expensive w ar," l These eeiitlemen conducted themselves ! to my entire satisfaction, nnd rendered ' u-cful services in executing the humane ! intentions of the government. ' It also aH'ordS mo great satisfaction lo 'slate that Covernor Cumming has perfor med h:s duty m an ume auu conciliatory manlier i.ndv.lth the happie.-t ell J cannot in this connexion refrain from mentioning the valuable services of Tho mas h. Kane, who, from motives of pure benevolence, and without any ollicial char acter or pecuniary compensation visited Utah during the hist inclement wintcr.for the puriiise of contributing to the piieifi- cation of the Territory. ! 1 am IkiM'V to inform vou. that the go- vernor and other civil ollieers ol I. tali ar now performing their appropriate fundi- oliswithout resi, lance. Theuuthority ofthe constitution and the laws bus been fully restored, and peace prevails throughout the Territory. A portion of the troops .sent to Utah art; now encamped in Cedar Valley, fortv foiir miles southwest of Salt Lake City ; and the remainder have been ordered to Oregon to suppress Indian hostilities. The march of the army to Salt Lake Ci ty, through tho Indian Territory, h:u hud a powerful ell'ect in restraining the hostile feelings against the United States, which existed among the Indians in that region, and in securing emigrants to the far west against their depredations. Tiiis will also be the means of e-tithlishing military posts nn 1 promoting settlements along the route. I recommend thai the benefits of our land laws and jiio-eniption system be ex tendi u to the people of Utah, by tho es- tai'iialiuteiit ol a land otlice tu that leni- , tore. I havo occasion, also, to congratulate - ... -.1 , vou on the result ol our negotiations w ith China. You were informed bv my List annual iness.T'e. that our minister had been in- . . . . - l . ...... I ....1 l..,i i,, 1 1 , mi ueien m uccupj a ncmi ... hostilities conducted by Great Britain and France against Canton. He was. however, nt the samo time, directed to co-operate cordially with tho British and 1 roiicli monitors, in nil peaecltil nieasures to se cure nv treaty inosc ju-t nnitiwiis m foreign comnierce, whieu tho nations of t he world had a right to demand. It was niiiiossil le lor nio 10 pioceeu nu iner iiiaii ..,.,' .... .,tl.,.i.v tvitlioot i.s.ivn. i ins, on tuji i i.v... ........ , - ing the war-making power, w hich, under the constitution, belongs excius.veiy to . , I'niiiTresS. i Vnuld have lllstilleii iongi ess in ueciiuing - -"V.,, 'n Chinese omi.ire without of the severe chastisement which adthen hot reeent V been Illllicieu noon uie iii- nit recent V neen iniucieu noon me tii ii. se bv our squadron, in the capture and , dostru'etion of the Pmrrier forts, to avenge j nn dloged insult . 1 he event has r nou.r.dity. Oui his instructions w b.lity. In oonjut, lleeed insult to our flag. proved the wi: dom of our minister has executed ith eminent skill Htid a- bv our own piemnoieniiury w in lnimoui- i fi . - - ; I ton happy to announce that through the energetic, yet conciliatory cllorts ol our consul general in Japan a new trea- y l.a len concluded a ith that cmiure, ; which may be expo, ted materially to imp. ment our trade and intercourse in that quarter, nnd rernoy , from our counfrymcn the diaal.iUtiea vrhieh hnv. hereto ore been - rl .r. tl.f- Aw.a:-i1.. ol l:ii-M'V,-l- iiv.ei u)'uu in . gion. The treaty shall hoBubmittod to tin Senate for appprovid without delay. It is my earnest desiro that every tniu till lerstmdiiig w ith the Government ot !roat r.ritain.should leaiuicubly and spee dily ft ljustcd. It has been tho misfortund of both countries, almost ever since tho revolution, to have licen annoyed bv u succession of irritating and dangerous questions, threatening tlieir friendly re lations. This has partially prevented tho full devolopomcnt of those feoiings of mu tual friendship between tho jieojdo of tho two countries, so natural in them selves and bo conducivo to their common interest. Any serious interruption ofthe commerce between the United Stales and Great liritain, would he equally injuriqiix to both.' In fact, no two nations havo ev er existed on tho face yf Uie. earth, which could'hY each other so much good or so much harm'. .' " ." lmte'i taming 'these soiitimenls. I am gratified to inform you that tho long lien ding controversy between the two govern ments, in relation to Ihe question of visitu tion and search, has been amicably adjust ed. Tho claim on the part of Great JJrit ain, forcibly to visit American vessels oli the high Beits, in time of jieaco. could not be su.-tained under the law of nations, and it hud been overruled by her most emi nent jurists. This question was recently brought to an isaue, Ly the repeated acta of British cruisers, in boarding and search ing our merchant vessels, in the Gulf of Mexico, and tho adjacent seas. These acta were the more injurious and annoying, as these w aters were traversed by a large jior tion of tho commerce and navigation of the United .States, and their freo and un restricted use is essential to the coastwisd trade between tho dill'eront btatcs of Ihe Union. Such vexatious interruptions could not fail to exeile the feelings of tho country, and to require the interposition ofthe government, lfcmoiistruhccs were addressed to Iho ISritish government or ganist these violations of our rights of sov ereignty, and a naval force was at the same time ordered to the Cuban waters, with directions "to jiroteet all vessels of the Uniteil Stales on the high seas, front search or detention by the vessels of war of any other untsoii." These measure received tho unqualified and even enthu siastic approbation of tho American peo jde. Most fortunately, however, no colli sion took jdace and the Drilish govern ment promptly avowed its recognition of the jrineiplos of international law upon this subject, ns iaid down by the governs inent of the United States, in the note of the Secretary of State to the Uritish Min ister at Washington, of April 1, 1H58. which secures tho vessels ofthe United Sttten upon the high seas from visitation or search, in time of pence, underbuy citf cu instances whatever. The claim has been abandoned in a manner reflecting honor on tho British government, and evincing a just regard for the law of nations, nnd cannot fail to strengthen the amicable re lations between tho two countries. The lirilish government at tho tamer lime, proposed to the United States that some mode should be adopted, by mutual arrangement between the two countries, of a character w hich may bo found ellec tive without being offensive, for verifying the nationality ol vessels suspected on good grounds of carrying false colors. They have also invited the United States to take tlio initiative, and proposo measures for this inirj.ose. Whilst declining to assume so grave h responsibility, tho Secret wy of State has informed tlio British govern ment that we are ready to receive any proposals which they may feel disposed to oiler, having this object in view, and to consider them in an amicable spirit. A strong opinion is, however, express.ed,that the occasional abuse of the flag of any na tion, is an evil far less to be deprecated, than would ho the establishment of nny regulations which might bo incompatible) with the freedom of the seas. This gov ernment has yet received no eomuiuniea- i I inn .-i ...i.ilVin i I li a iii'inmip ii tvli ili t ti A - ........ ...v. Briiish government would j.ropose to car- ry out their suggest! m; and lam incli- lied to believe, that no jdan which can I devised, will bo tree from grave embarass- ments. Still I shall lornt no decided opinion on the suliject, until 1 shall havo carefully and in the best spiiit examined any jn-ojiosals which they may think jiro per to make. 1 am truly sorry th.it I cannot also in form you that the complications between Great Britain and tlio United States, ari sing out of the Clayton and Bulwnr treaty proceed to settle the Central American nisi iissiuiiB, uiu f'"""""''"" ""urn ,.t annua 1 message stated t hat over- - , imra met .i ...mv .v mv- .miiidii tui- eminent for this purpose in a friendly spi- rit, which I cordially reciprocated. Their proposal was, to withdray there fpiestions front direct negotiation between the two governments; but to accomplish thobame object by a negotiation between tho Bri tish government and each cf the Central American republics whose territorial in terests are immediately involved. Tho settlement was to bo mado iwi accordance with tlio general tenor ofthe interpreta tim j lac.-d upon tho Chyton and Buhvef treaty by the United StKte, with certain modilieations. As negotiations are still ponding upon this basis, it would not le proper for meiow to cocnmunicHto thoir prascnt condition. A fiunncial sett lenient of theseque.-tions is greiiflv to bo desired, as this would wipe out the last remain ing subjeel of dispute between Uie two iietiutries. , , ( ur relations with tho great empiieti of Fr.mce and Kussia, as well as with all oth er ovorn:nentson the continent ofEurop,
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