plain positions tfhich, even without such the priciplo of'tho appropriation proposed
support, 1 cannot regard ns questionable. lin this bill. VVould not. the admission of;
The third section or the fourth article of, such a power in Congress to dispose ofthe,
the Constitution, is in the following terms: public domain, work the prncticle nbroga
“The Congress shall have the power to tion of some of the most important provis
dispose of, and make all needful regula-'ions of tho constitution ? If tho systemat
tionß respecting the territory or other prop-1 ic reservation *6f n definite portion of tho
erty of the United States; and nothing in 1 public lands, (the sixteenth section,) in
this Constituticn shall bo so constructd as tho Slates, for tho purpose of education,
to prejudice any claim of the Uuited States, ! and occasional grants for similar purposes
or of any parfcular State.” Tho sixth bo cited as contradicting these conclusions
article is ns follows, to wit: “All debtsJlho-answor, as it appears to me,is obvious
contracted and engagements entered into,! and satisfactory.'
before tho adoption of this Constitution,! Such reservations and grants, besides
shall be as valid against tho United States, being a part of the conditions on -which
under this .Constitution ns under tho Con- tho proprietory right of tho United States
federation.” | is maintained, along with the eminent do-
For a correct understanding of the terms . main of a particular State, and by which
used in the third section of tho fourth nrti-1 the public land remains free from taxation
cle above quoted, reference should be lmd l in the State in which it lies, ns lorfg ns it
lo the history of tho times in which tho 'remains tho property of the United States
Constitution was formed and adopted. It [ are the acts of a mero land holder, dispo
was decided upon in convention on tho 17th 'sing of a small sharo of his property in a
September, 1787, and by it Congress was‘way to augment tho vtlluo of his residue,
empowered to “dispose of,” &c., “tho tor-; and in this mode to encourngo t)io early
ritory or other property belonging to tho'occupation of it bv the industrious and in-
United States.” Tho only territory thep j telligent pioneer.
belonging to tho United States, was that! The great exnmplo of apparent donation
then recently ceded by the several States,'of lands to tho States, likely to bo relied
to wit; by New York in 1781, by Virgin-'upon as sustaining tho principlcs.of this
iain 1784, by Massachusetts in 1786, and ' bill, is tho rolinquislinient or swamp lunds
by South Carolina in August, 1787, only!to tho States in which they nro situated ;
the month before tho formation of the Con- but this, also, like other grants already re
stitution. Tho cession from Virginia con- forred to, was based expressly upon grounds
tained the following provision : clearly distinguishable in principle from
“That nil tho lands within tho territory ;any one which can be assumed for tho bill
so ceded to tho United States, and not re-1 herewith returned, viz : upon tho interest
served for, or appropriated to, any oftho nnd duty of tho proprietor. They were
before mentioned purposes, or disposed ofj charged, and not without reason, to bo a
in bounties to the officers and soldiers of nuisance to tho inhabitants of thestirroun
the American nrmy, shall bo considered.a jding country. Tho measure was predic
common fund for the uso nnd benefit of'tdted, not only upon the ground ol'ihcdis
sUch of tho United States as have become ease inflicted upon tho people of tho States
or.shall become members of the Confeder-: which tho United States conld not justify,
ation or Federal alliance of the said Slates, 1 ns a just and honest proprietor, but a lso,
Virginia included, according to their usu-j upon an pxpress limitation ol tho applico
al respective proportions, in the general tion of the projeeds, in the first instance, to
charge and expenditure,and shull be faith-' purposes of levees and drains, thus pro-
Ihlly and bona fide disposed of for that pur-jtecting the health of tho inhabitants, and,
ppse, nnd for qo other use or pusposo'at tho same lime, enhancing tho value of
whatever.” - thoremaminglundsbelonging tothc Gencr-
Congress whilo administering the public
lands as a proprietor, within the principle
| distinctly announced in my annunl mes
jshgc, may sometimes "liavo failed to
distinguish accurately botweon objects
which are and which are not within its
constitutional powers.
After tho most careful examination, I
find but two examples in the act of Con
gress which furnish any precedent for the
present bill, and those examples will, in
njy opinion, ’servo rather as a warning
than os an inducement to tread in the same
path.
The first is the act of March 3d, 1819,
granting u township of land to tho Con
necticut asylum for tho education of tho
deaf and dumb.
The second that of April sth, 1820, ma
king a similar grant Poland to tho: Ken--
dumb.
The first more thun thirty years aftor
the adoption of the Constitution, and tho
second moie thann quarter ofacentury ago.
■These acts ore unimportant as to the
amount appropriated, and so far as I can
ascertain, wero passed on two grounds;
first, that the object was a charitable one
and secondly, that it was national. To
say that it was a charitable object, is to
say that it was an object of expenditure
proper for tho competent authority ; but
it no more tended to show that it was a
proper object of expenditure by the United
States, than is any other purely local ob
ject, appealing to tho best sympathies of
the human heart, in any of tho States.—
And the suggestion that a school for the
mental culture of thq deaf and dumb in.
Connecticut, or Kentucky, is a nutiohnl,
! object, onlv shows bow loosely ii>;° |
ipression has been used when the purpose
was to procure appropriations by Congress, j
It is not perceived how a school of this!
character is otherwise national than is any |
establishment of religious or moral in- 1
struction. I
All the pursuits of industry, everything!
| which promotes the material or intellcctu- j
ol well-being of tho race, every ear of!
corn or ball of cotton which grows, is na
tional in the same senso, for oach one of
these things goes to swell the uggregnto
of national prosperity and happiness of tho
United States ; but it confounds all mean
ing of languago to say that these things
are “national,” as equivalent to “Federal,”
so as to come within nay of the classes of
appropriation for which Congress is au
thorized by the Constitution to legislate.
It is a marked point in tho history ofthe
Constitution, that when it is proposed to
empower Congress to establish a univer
sity,. the proposition was confined to the
district intended for tho future seat
ornment of tho United States, and that!
even the proposed cluuso was omitted in!
consideration of the exclusive powers con
ferred on Congress to legislate for that dis
trict. Could u moro decisive indication
of tho true construction nnd the spirit of
the Constitution in regard to ail matters
of this naturo have been given?‘lt proves
that such objects wero considered by the
convention qs appertaining to local legis
lation only, that they weronot comprehen
ded, eithor expressly or in
the grant of general power to Congrosß,
and that, consequently, they remained
with tho several States.
nv?!! ,G 1 £ ene . nd result at ' v hie!i I ha ye ar
nvEu iff mo, necessary, consequence of
those views of t| )o relative rights, powers
and duties of the States and of the Fed
eral Government, yhich I have long en
tortamed and often expressed, and in ref
erence to which my convictions do but
increase in force with time and experience
d»L' a ? e ,IU3 dischar ged tho unwelcome
JgASWfW'r. my Ejection,
he vbnln Vvhlch 1 chcerfu| ly submit
grLs ! 9 JeC ‘ ‘° lho , wiado '0 of Con-
■ >mw wwjW%/>w ivi II 11(011 lIIVOU lUUUO
are to bo disposed of, is clearly set forth,
and the power to dispose of them granted
blithe third section of the fourth arliclo ofl
the Constitution, clearly contemplate such
disposition only. If such bo the fact, and
in my mind' there can bo no doubt of it,
tjten. you may have again,, not only no
implication in favor of the contemplated
grant, but the authority against it.
'Furthermore, this bill is in violation of
the faith of the Government, pledged in
tho act of January 28, 1847. The nino
toenth section of the act declares, “That
for the payment of the stock which may
be created under the provisions of this act,
the sales of the public lands are hereby
pledged ; and it is hereby made the duty
of the Secretary of the Treasury, to use
and apply all monoys which may be re
ceded into tho Treasury of tho sales of nub
to pay the interest on all stocks issued by
virtue of this act; and secondly to use the
balance of said receipts, aftor paying the
interest aforesaid, in tho purchase of said
■tocks at their market value,” &c. 'The
debts then contracted ha.ve not been liqui
dated, and the language of this section
and the obligations of the United States
under it, are too plain to need comment
• J have been unable to discover any dis
tinction, on constitutional grounds, or
grounds of expediency, between an appro
priation of ten millions of dollars, directly
from the money in the Treasury for the
object contemplated, and the appropriation
pf lands presented for my sanction. And
yet, I cannot doubt, that if the bill propo
sed ten millions of dollars from the Treas
ury of the United States, for the support
of indigent insane in tho several States,
that the constitutional ounsiion involv'd in |
the act, would havo attracted forcibly the;
attention of Congress.
I respectfully submit, that, in a consti
tutional point of view, it is wholly imma
terial whether theappropriation be in mon
ey or in land.
The public domain is the common prop
erty of tho Union, just as much as tho sur
plus proceeds of that, and of duties on im
ports remaining unexpended in tho Treas
ury. As such, it has been pledged, is now
pledged, and may need to be so pledged,
again for public indebtedness.
As property, it is distinguished from
actual money-chiefly in this respect, that
its profitable management sometimes re
quire that portions of it be appropriated to
local objects, in the State wherein it may
happen to lie, as would be done by any' pru
dent proprietor to enhance the sale of his
private domain. All such grants of land
Are, in fact, a disposal of it for value re
ceived ; but they afford no precedent, or
constitutional roason, for giving away the
public lands. Still less do they givb,sanc
tjon tonppropriationsforobjects which have
pot been entrusted to the Federal Govern
ment, and therefore belong exclusively to
the States. '
To ossumo that the public lands aro ap
plicable to ordinary Slate objects, whether
of public structures, police, charity or ex
peases of State administration, would be
to disregard, to the amount of the value of
the public lands, ali.ihe limitations of the
Constitution, and confound to that extent,
all distinctions between the rights and
powers of the States, and those of the Uni
ted-States For if the public lands may
■V?.^J?i'J l ®l,i o t the noor,
‘he'r proceeds be’nofsTbject To
ion then a r 1,m,ta,,0n3 of ‘ho Constitu
tion, then Congress possesses unqualified
Power to provide for expendituj *0
mean ® of the public lands, oven
*■ ,‘ho degree of defraying the salaries a f
|dvernors, judges, and all other expenses
•?u rD T nt ’ nnd inten > al odrninis
ra «nt tt ’ Wi * )in ‘ho several States.
iiSJof‘ ik > “ Cl |I 8 f 0 fr L om t,IQ general sur.
hio ' V la ° , stlb J ec ( fe. tc mymind,
nVSK I Bnd < l! oaeBtho question, both
*'& , * 4nd expediency, so far as regards'
■ fkanklin pierce
Washington, May 3, 1854. '
The Nebraska Bill Snstained'by the House, <
Tho first trial of strength on the No-1
braskd bill yesterday, in the House of
Representatives resulted, as wo i
in tho completo triunfjph of the-friends ot
popular sovereignty and Congressional
non-intervention. Tho spectacle during
tho voto was in tho highest degree exciting
and gratifying. It recalled tho glorious
scenes of 1850,■ when, with unitedund in
trepid column, the supporters of the com
jpromiso measures prevailed over the com
bined assailants of constitutional princi
jples. Tho voto of yeslerduy may well be
i called an eloquent tribute to the salutary
nnd ( saving example of those measures;
I indeed, the extreme opinions of cxcilod |
land irrituted men could scurcoly havo been |
reconciled but for tho lesson taught and
the doctrines established duringthoso mem
jornblo days. We db not deem this to be,
j the timo to recall tho events of yesterday’s
contest. Rut wo cannot forbear an illu-1
sion ; in passing, to tho ennobling firmness,
and fidelity of the vast majority of the!
Democratic parly ,In tho House. |
• No less cheering was tho great vote of j
the Democratic members from tho freo
IStutes. A majority of the Democratic
reprosentativesoftho North and Northwest
enrolled their names in its favor. Wo
derivo special gratification from this fact,
because it' is an emphatic answer to tho
torrent'of calumny which has been pour
ed out upon tho Nebraska bill, and because
it may at tho sumo time, bo held up in
healthy and instructive, contrast tothcfuct
that not one Whig from tho free States
voted with the-friends of tho menauro 1 —
Forty-one Democrats from the great North
and Northwest, and not one whig, voted
I for tho bill. Wo should fuil to gve full
1 [expression to our feelings if wo did not re
efer to the noble contrast
! furnished by the patriotic action of the
' groat body or the Southern Whigs, com
-1 parared with the entire party from tho free
States.
Wo should bo doing o historical injustico
if wo fuiled to notice the persistnni etlbrts
,i... Ovdca t and to onibur*
rass tho passsage of the bill. But they
toiled in vain. Compact and resolute, the
friends of tho measure rallied to its sup
port ; and from tho moment that Colonel
Richardson, tho very able Chairman of
tho Committee on Territories, made his
motion to go into committee, throughout
all his subsequent motions to lay over cer
tain bills on tho Speaker’s tablo in order
to reach tho Nebraska bill, every vote
was a victory.
Wo hail in these auspicious events not
nlono tho speedy organization of tho now
Territories, but the signal that marks tho
entire and final termination of the slavery
agitation in Congress. That issue will
henceforwurd be referred to a higher trib
unal, to the tribunal of the people. Triple
benefits will flow upon tho country as tho
result A raco ( p i £ - bravojirKj bold men will
Peace and goodwill will mark the daltuer
ations of the people’s representatives; and
the trade of abolition, like other conbina
jdigns against society und morals, vill bo
j conducted by reckless men in midnight
iConclavos.
I .We hail the vole of yesterday, also, as
an evidence that the organization of the
Democratic party still stands firm. The
[Democratic party spoko yesterday in the
House ns it hud spoken previously in the
Senate; and in the House, as in the Sen
ate, it was aided by n gallant band of pat
riotic Southern Whigs. This voice was
the voice of triumph and of power. This
action was the action that impcrrilled
rights demanded; and our party will
emerge from the remainder of the contest
not only in uninpaired majesty, but stron
ger from the struggle, and ready for new
exertions for tlip constitution.
Washington Union.
I (K7“Mr. Secretary Murcy rocontly told
jan anecdote at a dinner party in Wash
ington, which runs thus. lie said that a
I few weeks since Gov. Seymcur of New
I York wrote to him, that since he had ve
toed the liquor law ho had received various
j letters from gentleman in various parts of
J the State, both approving and disapproving
ol his course in the premises.. Among them
was one from an honest old deacon, who
resided in the centre of the State, which
commended his action in the strongest!
terms. Tho old gentleman alluded lo°in-j
formed the governor that ho wjs deeply!
interested in the debates of both sides of I
the question, and did not let ono “jot or j
title ’ escape him. Ho had too, he said,
“looked up” his biblo from Genesis to j
Revelation, in order to see how the liquor
question was there treated, andufter mature
deliberation hocaino to tho conclusion that
all the great nnd good men, as Noah,
David, Solomon and Jesus, not weroj
partakers of the “rosy,” but recommended
it jo others; in a word, in his researches i
ho only found ono intance (that of “Dives”) !
whero a man called for cold water, and
that ho was in h—l, xvlierc he fught to be! j
Killed Himself in a Fit If Passion.
A suicide of ruther a strung cljarnctor took
place recently in the littlo of Hamil
ton, in Millcreek township, about six miles
from the city. A man named Leonard
Houslet was engaged in moulding candles,
bunhe moulds leaking, bo became enraged,
ana after a series of curpos, seized a shot
gun,and rushing to a shed in thoyard, do-'
iiu..„u,i jr mucked tho gun, placed the-muz-1
zle to his breast, and he expired in a few'
minutes. Houslet’s wile was present du
ring this horrible afluir, hut was so shock- ;
ed by his expression of rage, that, through
fear of her own life, she was prevented
from thwarting her husband ia his sell?
murder.—- Cincinnati Enquirer. j
_ fcpTTho I/iberto, pf Lille, states that the !
iurkish ambassador ip Paris has demand
ed from thp-French bishops aid and pro
tection for a Capuchin father,• who is now
in France collecting the iffeans for building
a Catholic church at Constantinople. I
ONE WEEK LATER FROM EUROFE.
Arrival of the Canada at Halifax.
‘ Halifax, May 10.—The Royal Mail ■
steamship Canada, Captain Stone, from
Liverpool on Saturday, tho 30th, April, at
rived at this port at 7 o’clock this evening,
brings 250 passengers. ,
Thero is no intelligencb of tho missing
steamer City of Glasgow.
Tho Collins stenmship Atlantic arrived
at Liverpool at 2 o’clock on Friday aftei
noon, the 28th ult.
The news from liiosentof war indicates
increased vigor on tho part of tho allies.
Twenty thousand French and 8,000 En
glish troops had landed at Gnllipoli.
i No event of importnneo had occurred.
A sanguinary engagement had taken placo
near Kalafut without decisive results.
It was reported that tho Russians had
been del'outcd at Pattschcrnarodn, and that
1 they had evacuated Little Wullachia,
| Sir Charles Napier was at Stockholm on
| thq 27th of April, and his fleet was about
! fifty miles off.
Tho allied fleets in tho Black Sea were
■ at anchor oft’ Odcsn on tho 26th of April.
1 The Russian force was withdrawing from
'Kalafut.
1 Russian decrees give French and En
glish vessels six Weeks Irom tho 19th of
'April to escape from Russian ports in tho
! Black Sea—and six weeks (rem May 7th
to leave the Buliic ports. Enemy’s proper
ly in neutral bottoms is to be regarded ns
inviolable —and the subjects of neutral pow
ders on board the enemy’s ships uro not to
: be molested.
.! Twelvo Russian merchantmen had been
captured by Turkish cruisers,
AN IMPORTANT LAW
Tl.c following bill has passed tho Legis
la lure :
AN ACT to protect certain domestic and
private Rights and . prevent Abuses hi
the Sale and Use of intoxicating Drink.
Sec. I. Be it enacted &c., Thut wilfully
furnishing intoxicating drinks by sale, gilt,
or otherwise, to any person of known intern•
jicrnio habits ton” minor o*to an insano
person, for use as a beverage, shall bo held
and deemed a misdemeanor, and upon con
viction thereof the offender sliull be find
not less then ten or more than fifty dollars,
and undergo an imprisonment of not less
than ten or more than sixty days; and the
wilful furnishing of intoxicating drinks ns
a beverage to any person when drunk or
intoxicated,shallbe deemed a misdemeanor, I
punishable as aforesaid.
Sec. 2. That it shall be lawful for nny|
member of tho fumily, or blood relative, ofj
an intemperate person, or any overseer of
the poor, or magistrate of the district in
which such intemperate person resides, on
an legal settlement, or the committee of an
; habitual drunkard, to give distinct notice,!
verbal or .written to any inn-keeper, mer- !
[chant grocer, distiller, brewer, or other
persons manufacturing, selling, or having
iunnshtiig such intemporaie person, or ha
bitual drunkard, witli intoxicating drinks
or liquors; and if within three months alter
such notice, any one to whom the same is
given shall furnish, or cause to be furnish
ed, intoxicting liquors to such intemperate
persons, or hubitual drunkard, to be used
ns a beverage he shull ho deemed guilty of
a misdemeanor and upon conviction there
of shall be punished ns provided in the first
section of this act.
i Sec. 3. That any person furnishing in
| toxicating drinks to any other person in v,.
olalion of any existing luw, or of the pro
vision of this act, shall be.civily responsi
ble for ony injury to person or property in
consequence of such furnishing, and any
one aggrieved may recover full damages
pgainstsuch persons so furnishing by action
on the case, instituted in any court having
jurisdiction of such form of action fn this
commonwealth.
! See. 4. That nny justice or clergyman
! who shall perform the marriage coremony
'between parties when either of said party
is intoxicated, shall be deemed guilty of a
! misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof
; shall pay a fine of filly dollurs and bo im.
prisoned at the discretiou of the Court not
i exceeding sixty days,
j Sec. 5. That any wilful adulteration and
corruption of spirituous, vinous or mall
: liquors, manufactured or intended as u bev
leruge, whereby the snmoare essentially ren
dered unwholesome, noxious and injurious
to health, or nny sale of such liquors for use
as a boveruge,witb knowledge that the same
is adulterated and corrupted, shall subject
tlio offender for a first offence to a fine of
fifty dollurs, and for a second and subse
quent offence to a fino of one hundred dol
lars and imprisonment not cxceoding sixty
days.
Sec. 0. Any person prosecuting for an
offense indictable undo/ this act shull, upon
conviction of the offender, recejvo such
reasonable sum for expenses, services and
timo expended, ns may be directed by the
court, not oxceeding twenty dollars, to bo
taxed and paid as a part of the costs in tho
case ; such allowanco to bo exclusive as
compensation to such prosecutor ns wit
ness under existing laws. Provided, That
such allowance shall not bo made in more
than ono case at tho samo term to ono
person.
| Sec. 7. That no action shall be main
tained or recovery had in nny case for
liquors sold in violation of this act, and de
fence may bo taken in any case against
[such recovery without special plea or notice.
J Sec. 0. That it shall bo lawful for the
.Courts of Quarter Sessions to revoke nny
liconso granted Jby them for tho sajg of
■ liquors, wherever the party holding a li
cense shall bo proved to have violated nny
law of this commonwealth regulating the
sale of liquors, or the premises of such
party shall become tho rosortof idloordis
orderly persons so ns to disturb the genor
ol peace of the neighborhood.
o>f~ A Petition is in circulation in f'Jow
Bedford, Mass,, asking tho Mayor and Al
derman to j>|ace the names of colored citi
zens in the jury box. I
[From tho Boston Times, of Monduy.]
RIOT IN CIIEtSEA.
"Angel Gabriel" Stoned!—The Catholic
Church Attacked l— The Milatary Cal.
led Out !—Arrests, tyc.
The street preacher known .ns tho “An
gel Gubricl,” visited Medford yesterdny,
for tho purpose of making n street hainn
guo ngainst Catholicism, but was notified
by the authorities that ho would not bo al
lowed to proceed. He then went to Chel
sea in nbuggy,nccompaniedby a sixhorso
team load of sympathisers, but concluded
not to preach theraj so they proceeded on
to Eagle Hill, cast 1 Boston, whore he wus
about to proclaim tho gospel, when tho po
lico notified him that if ho attempted to
preach in the streets they should arrest
him.
lie consulted with his friends, about fif
ty in number, and concluded to return to
Chelsea,, und did so without any eorious
trouble, although the.lrish assembled in
largo numbers, and a disturbance was
threatened. Upon arriving ut Chelsea,the
pa'rty went upon a high point of land east
of Ml. Bellingham where they were quiet
ly talking among themselves, when a par
ty of Irishmen, numbering about seventy
live, app/oachcd them and mndo an attack
with stones. Tho Americans being un
prepared for such treatment, retreated to
Mt. Bellingham cind sent a messenger for
assistance. Tho Americans were sooti
strengthened by an increase of numbors.
A squad of Irish also joined their friends
from the “Fifty Houses,” so called in Choi
sea, occupied by the workinon employed
at tho Glendon Rolling Mills, and another
party of Irish came to the rescue from
“Mutthewsville.” The Americans then
pursued the Irish and drove them into the
“Fifty Houses.”
The fight did not result very seriously,
as no persons were injured, although stones
were thrown and several pistols were dis
charged. By this time the police of Chel
sea, assisted by a large posso of citizens
together with the Selectmen, were on the
spot. Tho Americans becoming enraged
proceeded to the Catholic church, in Cot
tage street, nnd attempted to tear the edi
fice down, but were prevented by the active
exertions of the citizens. During the ex
citement, n lad from East Boston, by the
name of Williams, ascended the lightning
rod nnd tor# down the cross, and alter wa
ving it above his head, threw it on the
|ground, when it wng seized, cut up, nnd
| the fragments divided among the crowd.
Deputy Sheriff Rugg, theChuirman of the
j Selectmen, appeared with a posse and read
[the Riot Act, und ordered the peoplg to
I disperse. The order was very reluctent
| ly obeyed.
i The “Fifty Houses” were considerably
i battered when tho Irish were driven, into
j them. Several persons cuno out of the
i houses with dungerous weapons, and were
j arrested. One of them was a woman,
ifxhu feff-gw^roirTiro'iiHr^rtS
(evening, only five'persons were arrested
( —four Irishmen and the female alluded
'to. The greatest excitement prevailed
i among tho inhabitants. 'Tho military—
! the Chelsea Light Infantry—wero on duty
■at their armory, provided with ball cart
ridge, and the firemen were all deputized
• as.speciul police. Besides, there was
about ono hundred special policemen on
active duty. The “Fifty Houses” were
thronged with Irishmen uptoeleven o’clock
fist evening, when our reporter left. The
Selectmen were in session, nnd every pre
caution was used against an outbreuk. —
Wo regret to learn that Constable Milton,
while endeavoring to quiet the mob, was
struck in tho back of tho head with a stone
thrown from a crowd of Irishmen, receiv
ing a severe injury..
At the Cntholic church, an effort was
made to find Mr. Struil], tho Catholic
priest, but tu no purpose, us it wus Jin
nounced that ho hud gone to Lynn. The
difficulty at the church was about 4 o’clock
worship having concluded. ~ '
Nai>oleon Wants a Divohce.—Tho
Puris correspondent of tho Montreal Wit
ness writes as follows :
"The great question which occupies nl
present the Court of France, is the divorce
of the Emperor, lie no longer hopes to
have any children by his present wife,nnd
it is said ho thffiks of taking another. The
report is not official, but as it hasuppeared
in several licensed papers, the truth of it
can scarcely be questioned. Napoleon HI.
' is, howover, very fond of his wife, and the
divorce will resemble in every point that of
his uncle and Josephine, who were, ns you
know, separated for the sumo reusou.—
Whether from this motivo or any o'her,
the Empress of the French is looking very
melancholy. It is impossible to see her
without being struck by her expression of
sadness. As to the Emperor, ho appears
constantly calm and imperturablo.
Pum.ic Suffocation. —Thoy squeeze
us to death in rail-cars ; they poison us
with carbonic acid gas in" fushionnblo
churches; they choke us with tho fumes of
tobacco, brandy, whiskey and onions, dis
tilled through thousands of lungs in thea
tres, and other places of public amusement. I
It is really nt the risk of one’s health, if)
not his life, that one ventures into crowd-1
ed public places nt all. It is surprising
that, with nil the activity at present existing
in the scientific world, the subject of ven
tilation should havo beon so ontirely bvoi‘-
lookjCcK'' • „
FnoM Fay al.— Noneivs of the steamship
Cit'H of Clasgow. —Advices from Faynl to
Aptil 12, nine days later than previous
dales, has been reciveed. Up to that time
thero had been not one word heard of tlio
City of Glasgow, then in her forty-second
day out from Liverpool. .
It is now seventy days since the City ol
Glasgow snjled from Liverpool for Phija.
delphio, and the utter absence of nows ip
regard to her ever since she sailed, arid
the fajlure to her at the Azarep,
es nearly tho last hop 6 of her safety?
THE NEW LICENSE LAW.
Wo givo below tho now Liconso Law;
passed by the Legislature of this State,tn-i
titled “An act for tho better regulation ot\
Spirituous and Malt Liquors . . i
Sec. 1. Boit enneted, &c., That from 1
and after tho passage of this act, no porson j
or persons shall sell or expose to sale any
beer, nio, porter or other malt liquors, with
out a license for that purpose first bad and
obtained from the Court of Quarter Scs.
sionsof tho proper counjy, in the same way
and subject to tho snrrio rules and regula- ■
tions as regards the licensing and keeping :
of suid beer houses and tho payment of the
licer.so fees to tho Commonwealth as are
now applied by law to tho keepors of licen
sed inns'and taverns.
Sec. 2. That from and after tho passngo
of this act, no liconse shall bo granted by
tho Treasurer of any county to any per
son or persons, to sell spirituous liquors by
tho quart, or otherwise, within the said
county, unless tho person or persons ap
plying for such liconse shall bu retailors of
foreign or domestic goods, wares and mer.
'chnndisc other than spirituous liquors eu
tilled lobe classed cquul with the fourteenth
class, und lmvo been thus regularly class
ed cquul with the fourteenlh'class, and have
been thus regularly classed by the Apprais
er of Mercantile taxes.
Sec. 3. That any person or persons
vending spirituous or malt liquor without a
license for that purpose first had and ob
tained, according to the provisions herein
before provided and any porson of per
sons violating any of tho provisions of this
uct, shall be subject to the same penalties
that arc now by law provided against the
keepers of unlicensed tippling houses;
Provided, That this act shall not be so con
structed os to apply to tho brewers oT malt
liquorsor the manufacturers or rectilieisof
spirituous liquors for wholesule purposes.
I’/ovidc'l, That tho npplicunt for license
under this net shall not be required to givo
notice thereof by advertising in the news
papers of the proper county, and said
Courts shall have power to grant said li
jcenses at any term at which petitions may
Ibe presented : And provided , That no
thing in this net contained shall eliunge the
iclassification of venders of spirituous and
| malt liquors in the city and county of Phil
judclptun, or reduce the amount of tho ii
'cense fees thereof.
From the Wtushinyton Union, J lay H
OUR RELATIONS WITH SFAIN.
If the rumors which were current at
Madrid at our latest dates bo reliable, the
Spanish cabinet had declined to uflbrd
prompt reparation for the wrongs commit
ted against tho flug of the United Slates in
the instance ol the Black Warrior. Ihe
I intelligence from the belief that it is true,
jis justly producing a mighty sensation
| throughout the Union. Thu period for di
. plomatizing at a, distance oi four tnousand
‘miles lor redress lor unprovoked, flagrant
insults and injuries sustained by our court
i try at tho hands of the insolent, and so far
ns wc arc concerned, irresponsible authori
ties at Havana, has at length passed by. —
Duty to ourselves require that we should
'prepare for settling upon the spot wiicro
they aro perpotrnted •the offences to our
honor and rights.
Wc are quite freo to state —and in terms
I so emphutic and unequivocaT as to admit
of no misinterpretation—that if ample sa
tisfaction is not allowed for the piratical
seizure of tho Blacjr Wurrior, we shall ad
vocate an immediulo blockade of the is
land. That justico which wo tnmporately
appealed for to the homo government ol
her Catholic Majesty it is imperative upon
us now to exact. Outrages upon this na
tion, alfecling even its honor, arc of inces
sant accumulation in Cuba ; mid i: L pal
pably distinct llmt thero is but a solitary
manner left to us.for remedying them. —
That man nor is the energetic and judicious
employment of such resources us happily
are at our disposal. The situation has be
come too grave to longer permit of tempor
izing negotiations. Our complaining voice
has been lieurd sufficiently long ; we must
now make ns expressions felt.
?■ * * * -
i The vehement language of Pczuela, [lie
captain-general of Cuba,’as contained i:i
j the official Gazette against the Executive
| of the United States, because of the scnii
! ment expressed in the message to Congress
j concerning ihu Black Warrior atliiir, ren
ders tho establishment of good relations
i with Spain, and friendly intercourse with
her possessions almost impossible while
tliut functionary is retained. Every true
hearted American considers it exceedingly
insulting to the republic, and would resent
it as indignantly, if an occasion offered, as
did our ucting consul and Commodore
Newton. Tho most ordinary regard for
international civilities requires that such
impertinence should be punished by the
Queen with deprivation of office.
A Man Befobe Adah.—A conglomer
ato work, to use.u geolfigicul phrase, has
lutely been published,entitled, “The Types
of Mankind,” made up of contributions
from the late Dr. Morton, Agassiz, Usher,
Nott.and Gliddon. This work is destined
to creato something of a commotion in tho
religious world. Tho idea of iho unity of
tho r co of man is totally discarded by tho
authors, one and all. Dr. Usher mukes
the astounding statement in this work) that
a human fossil has been found in Now Or
leans, in the course of some excavations in
that city,-to which a pre-Adumito age is
attributed.—According to this authority,
-the’skeleton of a'man of tho conformation
of native Indians, was discoveredat a Uoplli
of 16 leet lying below a succession of four
lossil cypress forests to each of which the
age of 14,400 years is given. Agassiz is
6aid fe have accepted this as a fact, and
bused upon it his assertion, that man ox
ist.ed.upon the earth at least 160,000 years
ago—The theologian,must oither disprove
this statement* or be qpmpclled (o admit a
new exegesis of Holy 'Writ.