V ol 4t . VIII.
attention!
I=
TN consequence of the openisig of the Cat
tawlsta; Williamsport, and Elmira R. 8.,
%%ter-0y iltrect railroad communication
new established with Philadelphia,
WISE, P USE Y, & It'ISE,
Wholesale dealer.: in For - e'en and Dontemte
Dry- Goods. N. E. cornerlll and Market St
PHIL•DELPIIIA
are now prepared-to offer extraordinary in
ducemen:, to the Noritiern Penivylvania
trade. to visit their city to m4ke spring pur
ch4.e..
In addition to the low prices they sell at,
they will also guar/I:co to ship all goods pur
ch.,sed of them, at the same rates as goods
are tr hipped from New York. Their stock
CUUASIS of all the usual varieties of
PRINTS,
GINGIIAMS,
CHAAIRRAYS,
• LAWNS,
BAREGE DELALNES,
ALPACASI DEBEGE,
WHITE GOODS IN ALL THEIR
VARIETY,
BROCHE & BLANKET SHAWLS,
IRISH LINENS & TABLE
DIAPERS,
CLOTHS & CASSINIERES,
SATINETS & JEANS,
VELVETS & VELVET CORDS,
LINENS, DUCKS & - DRILLINGS,
SILF: & SATIN VESTINGS,
BLACK DRESS SILKS, .
COLORED CAMBRICS,
RED & WHITE FLANNELS,
TICKINUS & STRIPES,
BLEACHED BROW LTS LLNS,
-A L S O-
A full assortment of Cerpetings
WISE, PCSEY, & WISE,
Wholesale Dealer; it re , dy-made Clothing
N. E. corner sth and Market its., Philadelphia
will hive constantly on hand en ex:ensiv
assortment of Men's & Doys' Clothing of every
grade and quality ad.ipted to the country
trade. All garments ss..tr mted of the newest
ityles and best Wo3,l4 . nt)tiship.
Philadelphia, Feb. loth 1E56.
Ho CRENEV
Draper & Tailor.
NV"LD call the :mention crf the Citizen
of Cbudersprirt, and the community at
large, he would say to them, that he oils
prepared to do ail kinds of work in the line of
T AILOP.ING
in the most approved style, and he flatters
hittaw:f by h on elper.ence in the Lbove
business, that he c.in ,tn: the most as.idion4,
and hold: h m-e!f responsible for all work
done at. his Store.
lie xvii I si:are no pains in cutting and mar=
king, for others to make.
All kinds of liraia and produce taken in
eXellall2o ror cutting or inalring, at the mar
ket price, and cash not refuted if offered.
R. J. CHENEY
====
IS HOME FITINII. I TIIE CITI
WITII a New Stock of Goods. such afk
Groceries, Cloths, Domestic Dry
GOODS,
iThich-will be so!d lower than any othe
periou would be willing to sell in this ton
- 11110 LE SALE l RETAIL
for ready Pay at the old stand of
D.W. aPENCER.
•TEtl' rtricm! of fr,.!-h Tel front 37): cent;
,L.l to $1.90 per pound, at R. J. CIIESEY'S
11. %V. SPENCER, Agent.
FLOUR, Corn Meal, Dried Apples, and
Pfutn;, for sale at ft. J. CHENEY'S.
nSTS, Corn, Buckwheat, bought and sold
at • it. J. CHENEY'S.
BUCRWHAT FLOUR FOR SALE AT
R. J. C's. D. W. SPENCER, Agent.
SPENCER, Agent, CondersporLPa.
. for all kinds of Patent Medicines, Lini
ment, Ointinenta. &c. &c. A few of which
I will name below.
ALL KINDS
DR. D. Jayne's Family Medicines, Phila.
delphia.
-t A RTH UR'S Liniment,larne's Lini
ment.
NEW - BOORS.
•
NCHANTED BEAUTY, by Dr. Elder,
../..11.Lives of Atrocious Judges, by Hitdreth,
Progress of Religious ideas, by L Child,
*Ditard'Tay/or's Travels,
The Song of Hiawatha—Longfellow,
Caspar, by Amy Lathrop,
'• 'Just received and for sale at the
JOURNAL BOOK STORE
I C. Ayer's Cherry Pectoral, and Pills, La
• well.
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THE PEOPLE'S
.JOURNAL
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING.
Terms--4a Advance
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TERNS OF ADVERTISING.
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Professional Cards not exceeding eight lines
nserted for $5,00 per annum.
M' All letters on business, to secure at
tension, should be addressed (post paid) to the
Pub!isher,
GREAT MEETING IN THE TABERNACLE
FOR FREE KANSAS AND SLAVERY LIM-
The Hon. BENJAMIN F. BUTLER
arose and delivered the following ad
dress :
PRIM:4 AND FELLOW-CITIZENS :
The circumstances under which this
meeting—composed, in a large. degree.
of persons who never betore acted to;
getherin a political organization—has
assembled, seem to demand from the
chair a few words by way of introduc
tion to the proceedings, of the evening.
The object of our meeting is clear))
set forth in the brief but comprehen
sive call by which it has been conven
ed. It connects itself with the ap
proaching Presidential canvass, and
derives from it some measure of the
dignity and importance which, in our
country, belongs to every such elec
tion. Besides the grave questions al
ways involved in the; choice of the
Federal Executive, there is, connect
ed with the coming election one of
pressing exigency and moment. I re
fer, it is almost needless to sav,,to that
which relates to the present welfare
and futher condition of the Territory
of Kansas [Applause.] The wanton
and perfidious repeal of the Congress
of 1554, of the Silvery Restriction
clause in the Missouri compact ; the
attempts since made to introduce, by
force and fraud, African bondage into
Territory dedicated by faith and honor, •
as well as by act of Congress, to Hu
man Freedom [applause] ; awl the try
ing circumstances, past and' present,
of the settlers in that Territory, give
to this particular question, at this june
ture, a special, concentrated and far
reaching interest. But the rescue of
Kansas from Slavery, and the estab
lishment within her borders of a Free
State—necessary and gratifying as are,
and will be, these results—are only
parts, and comparatively small parts,
of the work to
.which we now are call
ed. The principles of Human Right
and of Democratic Liberty, proclaim
ed in the Declaration of Independence,
and exemplified by the acts and writ
ings of the fathers and' founders of
the Republic, are boldly denied by
political leaders, of all parties, in the
South. This denial has been echoed
from the topmost seat of Executive
power, in- solemn messages to the rep
resentatives of the people azd the
States. It is industriously repeated
by the place-men and place-hunters. in
every quarter of the country. It is
supinely acquiesced in by those who
are content to follow the traditions
and forms of the party with which they
have been accustomed to act, without
caring for the life-giving principles
whence it derived its being, and by
which alone it can be saved from death
and putrefaction. [Loud applause] The
real question for the next election is,
therefore, no less a one than this i Shall
tho Federal Government be divorced .
from its present alliance with, and sub
serviency to the Slave Power [A cry
" No," was immediately drowned by
overwhelming shouts 'of !‘ Yes",] .or
shall such alliance and . subserviency,
with ever-increasing degradation, be
continued for another term of four
years I This question must be met and
answered. It must be feet and atiswer
ed in aright way. The Federal Geor 7
ernment must be brought back to its
first principles. The false theories and
DEVOTED TO THE PRINCIPLES OFDEMOCRACY,'AND'THE DISSEMINATION OF MORALITY; LITERATURE,. AND--NEWS
cjAJDERSPORT, MAY 8;
.1856.
3 iasertious, 1,50
ITATION
pernicious schemes of Slavery-propa
aandism, mustbe rebuked. The:North
ern men who,, in the legislature 'and .
executive departments haVe lent them
, selves to these theoriei and schemes,
must be tumbledfrom, their seats,- [en
thusiastic applause], and by. these. and
_other like demonstrations of ' the pub
lic will it must - once more be manifest
ed to our people and: to. the. ‘world,
that the American Union. while Weaves
to each State exclusive jurisdiction and
control over all its domestic institu
tions, is yet, in its nationatcharaCter,
.distinctly and-actually a free Republic,
founded on the broadest recognition
of human rights, and pledged, so far
as its limited powers extend, to the
protection and diffusion of these rights.
It must •be seen and know. of all
men that wherever the flag of our
country is unfurled, Freedom is the
general and , 'cherish - 4
rule, Slavery
the partial and much lamented' excep
tion. [Renewed applause.]
. 1 have an
abiding confidence that, whatever may
be the issue of the coming election.
these principles will Ultimately tri
umph. To doubt this would be to
distrust not only the virtue and intelli
gence of our people, but the vitality,
and omnipotence of Truth. But it 'is
not to he disguised that the final triumph •
we anticipate will • be hastened or re
tarded by the ry,su-its-ofthe next Presi
dential elections. This invests it with
a new and momentous interest, and
lays upon every voter a heavy respon
sibility. The call
_under which we
have assembled l'ooks to the Republi
can Convention. to , . be helil at Phile.
delphia in *June next, for the candi
dates to be supported by the friends of
the great principles
. of Justice and
Free , :.ora promulgated by the Con
vention held at Pittsburg in February
last. For one, I gave to this call. my
ready signature—l give . to the cause
it was intended to promote my hearty.
support. [Cheers.] The proeedings
of the Pittsburgh' Convention, while
boldly maintaining the rights and in
tei•est of human freedom, were marked
throughout by a s.pirit ofjustice. mcd
eration and true nationality, entirely
consonant to my own judgnent, and
destined, I would fain hope, to•reeeive
the approval. 4 the •American people.
[Loud applause.] As . one of the peo
ple, I gladly take my place in the ranks
of the inditical party then and there
organized; and:to the extent of my
ability,' I shall esteem it not merely a
duty, 'but a privilege, to do fair and
honorable battle in this most righteous
and patriotic cause. [F,nthusiastic
cheering.] • . • .
POTiTOES.—BETT ENDS vs. SEED
_END-S.—John Brown, of Long
communicates the . following to the
Granite Farmer :
"Several years 'ago, I made some
experiments to satisfy myself concern
ing. the disputed point as to which. is
the best portion of a potato to plant
in order to obtain the largest and best
yield. The exact result has been lost,
and as- I have often since:heard and
read assertions directly. contrary to
the conclusions which I then-deduced,
1 resolved to tepeat the experiments.
Last spring I planted four rows of
equal length, side by ,
side, with two
:varieties of potatoes. In one row I
planted hone but the seed ends, so
called, including about one-third of the
potatoes, and in the next row I plant
ed the bUtt ends of the same potatoes.
I had one row of seed ends and -one
row of butt ends of a variety' called
[Peach -blows. The yield of these four
rows was as follows:
Pink-eyes, butt ends 217 pounds.
seed ends 170 "
Peach-blows, butt ends 225
seed ends
The pOtatoes raised from the butt
ends were much larger than those
from the seed ends, and appeared to
be from a week to ten days. earlier.
This result corresponds with that of
my former experirrient. Had - the
whole field • been planted. with but
erlds; the yield Would have been more
than five hundred bushels to the acre.
I also planted two rows next to the
•.•
above ; in one of which tput only . large:
potatoes; half a tuber in each hill, cut•
lengthwise so' the eyes
eqUally, and in the_ other row I drop ;
ped only small potatoes, one - iii.naCh
hill. ,Froth the former I. dug; - 181
pounds, andfrom the latter 1.34-;POundp
I should add .that the averag,Olfe . 9 . --Of
the field Was . about 180 lbs . : to; thti
row; and that largu ;(not the' very•
largest) potatois were used for seed.
cut lengthwise with half of a tuber in .
each hill."
MILIIS.:CLEAN.—In some careful ex
periments made by Dr. Anderson, the
quantity of cream obtained from the
first drawn clip of milk was in every
case much smaller than the last drawn ;
and those between afforded 'less or
more as theywere nearer tho begin
ning or the end. The quantity .of
cream.obtained from the last' drawn
cup from Some cows,' exceeded that
from the first in the proportion of six
teen to one. In others the 'proportion
was not so great. " Probably," says
Dr: Anderson, " on an average of a
great many cows, it might be found to
rut., as- ten or twelve to one." . .rjle dif
ference in the quality of the cream was
al - so much greater than the difference
in quantity. From this it appears,
that the person . who by bad milking of
his cows, loses but half-a pint of his
milk, loses in fact about as much cream
as would be afforded' by six or eight
pints at the beginning, -and loses, be
side , " part of the cream w7licll
alone can give richness and high, flavor
to his lnater."—Gen..Farmer.
SURE REMEDY FOR TIIE POTATO ROT.
—.—Select,a suitable piece of ground; •
plough in the full depth of the good_',
soil, and, as the old farmers say, so asi
to "turn up a leak pallar dirt ;" then , .
subsoil; manure as highly as possible
—it.doesn't Matter ranch with what, so
that it is rich and enough of it—and
when you have done all the rest -- plant
with Indian cent.
• From Partou's.Life of GreeteC.
THE -SCOTCH-IRISH OF
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
Ulster, the most northern of the
four provinces of Ireland, bas been,
during the last two hundred and fifty
years, superior to'.the rest in wealth
and civilzation. The cause of its su
periority- is known. 4bout the year
1612; when James . I. was king., there
was a rebellion of the Catholics in the
north of Ireland. Upon its suppres
sion, Ulster, embracing the six
northern counties, and containing half
a million acres of land, fell to the king
by the attainder - of the rebels. I.7tt
der royal encouragement and further
ance. a company was formed in Lon
don for the . pilipose of planting colo . -
nies in" that fertile province, which
lay waste from the ravages of the re
cent war. The laud was divided into
shares, the largest of which did . not
exceed two thousand acres. Colonists
%vete invited over . from England and
Scotland. The natives were expelled
from their fastnesses in the hills, and
forced to settle upon the plains. Some
efforts, it appears, were male to teach
t hem arts and agriculture. Rubbery
and assassination were, punished.—
And , thus, by the infusion of new
blood, and the partial improvement
of the ancient race, Ulster, which had
been the most savage and turbulent
- of the Irish provinces, became, and re
mains to this day, the best cultivated,
the richest, and the most civilized.
, One of the six counties was Lon
donderry, the capital of which, called
by the same name, had been sacked
and. razed during the rebellion. The
city was now rebuilt by a company of
adventurers from London, and the
county .wassettled by .a colony - from
Argyleshire in. Scotland, who were
thenceforth called Scotch-Irish. Of
what stuff these Scottish colonists
were made, their after history amply
and gloriously shows. -The- colony
took root and flourished :in London
derry. 1689, the year of the immor
tal siege, the city" was an important
179 4,
.fortifiedtownsof twenty-seven • thou.
sand inhabitatitS; and the county waS
proportionally ptipnlous and - produc- -
nein of Orange h . ad reached
the British throne. • James 11. return
ing-from France bad landed in Ire
land, and was making an, effort to' re
cover his ltiSt inheritance. --The Irish
Catholics stiere still,loyalto him, and
hastened to rally round his banner.—
Brit Ulster was Protestant and Presby-,
terian; the 'city orLOndonderry waq
Ulster's stroughOld; 'and it was the
chief impedimentin the way.of James'
proposed decent uponiSeotland. With
what resolution and-daring the people
ofLondmiderry,during the ever , :memo-,;
rable siege of that city, fought and en-
dured for Protestantism and freedom,
the world well- knows. •For seven
moeth's they held out against a besieg
ing 'army, 1;:i numerous that its slain
numbered . nine thousand: The Be
sieged lost three thousand men. 'TO
such extremities were they reduced, -
that-among the .. market quotatiqus - -of
the times, we find items- like these:--
a quarter of adog, five shillings and
six-pence; a dog's head, two -and • six
pence; horse-flesh, one and six-pence
per pound; horse-bleodione shilling
per quart; a cat four and .six-pence; a
rat, one shilling; a mouse, six-pence
When all the food that remained in
the city was nine half 'starved. horses .
and a pint of meal - penman, the peo
ple were still resolute. At the very
last extremity, they were relieved by
a provisioned fleet, and - the army of-
James retired in despair.
On the-settlement of -the kinadorn
under 'William and Mary, the Presby 7.
terians of Londonderry did not find,
themselves in the enjoyment of the
freedom to which they conceived.
themselves entitled. They were dis
senters froin the established church.
Their pastors were not recognized by
the law as clergymen, nor their places
of worshipas e ehurches.• Tithes were
exacted for the support of the . Epis
copal clergy. They were not pr 0.. .,
prietors of the soil, but -held their
lands as tenants of the crown. • They
were hated alike, and equally, by, the
Irish Catholics and the English Epis
copalians. When therefore, in 1617
a son of one of the leading clergyman
returned from New England with
glowingaccounts of that plantation,' '
a furor of emigration arose in- the
town and county of Londonderry,.and
portions of four Presbyterian congre
gations, with their four pastors, united
in a: scheme for a simultaneous remov
al across the-seas: One of the clergy=
men, Was first 'despatched to Boston
to make the needful inquiries and ar
rangements. He was the bearer of
an address to " Ilis Excellency, - . the
Right -Honorable Colonel Samuel
Smith, Governo - r of New England,"
which assured his Ekcellency of "our
sincere and hearty inclination to trans
port ourselves to that - very excellent
and renowned . plantation, upon our
obtaining from his Excellency suitable
encouragement.". To this address,
the
.original of which still exists, two
hundred - and seven names were ap
pended,-and all but seven in the band
writing of the individuals signing—
a fact which proves the superiority of
the emigrants to the majority of their
countrymen; bath in position -and in
telligence. .One of , the subscribers
was a-baronet, nine were clergyman;
and three others Were graduates of
the University Edinburgh.
On the fourth of August, 1718,. the
advance party of Scotch-Irish emi
grants ,arrived. in -five ships at" Boston,
Sothe of them remained in 'that. city
and- founded - the church in Federal
street, of which Ur. Channing.viras af
terwards
pastor. Others . attempted
to settle in. Worcester;' but as -they
were Irish and Presbyterians, such a
dorm -- of prejudice-against them soave
among the enlightened Congregation
alists-of that _ place, that, they were'
obliged to -flee before - it, and seek -re
fuge in the less populous places of
Massachusetts.', Sixteen families, af
terrci.glytiontlas of tribulatieu and
wandering; selected for their perma
nent abode a tract twelvemiles square
=EMS
, .
cabed - Nu , tfield; Which noW 'embraces
the toWnsbilm, of Londcinderry,Derry
aiid Wicdhatti;in Rdekingham county '
New Haunt:Lire. The land Nfis a free
gift' from the king, ib cansideratiou of
the - services rendered his throne 'by
the peoide of Londonderry hi tho'de-
fense of their. city. To each 'settler
Nvas'assigned a farm' of one hundred'
Mid twenty acres, a house lot, and an
out lot of sixty - acres; The .tands of.
the men whd had 'personally served
during the siege, were exerripted from'
taxation, and were known down to the:
period of the revolution as the
etaptFarms. The settlement of Lon
innderry attracted new' emigrants,-
aid it Soon became one of the most
prosperous and famous in the colony.
It was there that -.the potato - was
first cultivated; and there that . linen
was - first made in New England. - no'
1 English . colonists at that day appear
I to-have . been unacquainted with the :
culture of the potato, and the familiar
story of the Andover farmer who mi! , -
;
took theballs which grow on the pu
tato 'vine for the genuine fruit - of the'
plant; is.mentioned by a hied); respec
table historian of New Hampshit e. as
!
".a well-authenticated fact."
i With regard to the linen manufac-'
ture, it mly be mentioned as a proof
of the thrift ald skill - of the Scotch-
Irish settlers, that'as'early as the year-
1718, the linens of Londonderry' had
sohigh a reputation in the colonies, that
it was found- necessary to take rrica- '
sores to prevent the linens made in
other towns' from being fraudulently
sold for those of Londonderry man-.
ufacture. 'A town meeting was held:
in that year for the purpose of ap-:
pointing, "fit and proper persons to
survey 'and inspect linens and hol
lands made in the town for sale - , sn
that the- credit of our manufactory be ,
kept up, and the purchaser of our
linens may not be imposed upon.with
foreign-and outlandish linen's- in the
name of-ours." • Inspectors and - seal
ers' were accordingly appointed, wilt)
were to examine and stamp "all th,t - ,
hollands made and to be made:in our
town, whether brown, white, speckled,_
or checked, that are to be exposed for
sale;" for which service they were
empowered to demand from the own
er of said linen "sixpence, old tenor,
for each piece." And-this occutred
within thirty years from the erection
of the first log-hut in the.township of.
Londonderry. llowe.ver, the peoplo
had brought their spinning and weav
ing- implements with- them froM
land, and their industry was not once.
interrupted by an attack•of Indians.
These Scotch-Trish of Londonderry
were a peculiar people. They w:Jr,-*
Scotch-Irish in character and in mew.,
of Irish vivacity, generosity, and dar
ing ; Scotch . in frugality, industry, andi
resolution; a race in whosee• composi
tion nature seems, for once, to hare
kindly blended the qualities that ren
der men interesting with' those that
renderthem prosperous. Theirhabi44
and their - minds"were simple. They'
lived, for many years after the settle:.
tnent began to thrive, upon the fie's
which' they caught at • the falls
.A.moskeag, upon game, and opoh such
products orate soil as beano, potatoes. -
tamp, and barley. It is only since the.
year 1500 that sea and coffee, those
ridiculous and efferninating - drink-,
came into anything" like general use
_ •
among theta. It was floral] some timiv
after the Revolution that a 'chaise xra:-.-
seen in Londonderry, and eitn - theri:
"excited great winder, and Was deemed
in unjustifiable' exravagauce. • Shoes.
- we are told,' were little - worn in fmni
mer, except onSunilays and - holidays;
and then therweie carried in the hived
to -within a :hart 'distance o fthe church
tchere were gut 'on I There wi3
little buyingind- selling thong thetas.
but mach borre - Wing.and lending: "1 f"
a neighbor killed a calf," says on
writer, "no pal t of it was sold; but it.
was distributed , among relatives a:.,1
friends, the poor widow always harin7.
a piece and':the h (r .1
not get t he' shoulder, gat a=porti~ri'aß
good." The women Were ruly.t:kt
13
I=
0
NO,: . 51.