el
H
El
II
J. W. YOCIJIII, ]Editor.
VOLUME ILI, NUMBER 28.1
THE: coLugiii4.l.sf.y;
2ERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION:
7Exx -Xf '
00 per y,ea.r, pald'lrredvance:'slxinore.ha r il.-
-If 'not paid until the, expiration of the,
, year; 52.51Y3,111`be-chargediLr^ -
-
SINGLE COPIES Flys CEarre.
No paper will be discontinued Until all arrear
!ges are paid, unless at the option of the editor.
Advertisements not under contract, must be
mark l
ed the length of time 'destred.ror they' will
be chntino d and - shamed for until orderedoot,
Sipecial :Y.atle.-% 'll per cent. more.
All :4'Otices or A.ivertloments in reading mat
er, under ten lines, 61.00; over ten lines, 10 cts.
per line, minion type. ; .
Veirly Alvortisers discontinuing their adver
tisements before the expiration of the year, will
be evirgerl et full rates as above, or according to
,ontrata.
Transient rates will be elnagedior all matters
iot relating ‘trlctly to their bueinebs.
1.11 a lvertising will be considered CASH, after
'trot insertion.
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
A .T. ICAUFFALA.N,'
c..lieetiomi made in Lancaster and adjoining
Pensions, i3onnty, Back "Pay,,and:all'clahns
against the government promptly prosecuted. '
iMice—No. 532, Locust street.
R.YOCUM,
COLUMBIA. PA
OFFlCE'—firtr Bonding, Bank Street, near
Locust.
Collection.: made in Lancaster and adjoining
coo sties.
HENRY C. G REI3ER,
No Washington street, near Sixth.
Reading. Pa.
Collections made in Berks and adjoining
counties. ntn;=-tf
NORTH,
Columbia, Pa.
Collections promptly made in Lancaster and
Pori; Counties.
THOMAS J. DAVIS,
'No. 14 North Dulce Street, Lancaster. Pa.
Professional Business carefully and pronlpt
ly attended to. loet3Cra9-tf
P. ROSENMILLER,
_EI.
.A.TTORNEY-AT-L A.NV
OFFICE.—No. 5 Court Avenue, Lancaster, Pa.
JOHN N. GHIDER,
JUSTICE OF THE PEACE, SCRIVENER. ,S:c.
Mountrille, Lancaster County, Pa.
aint(iTrg,eittirP.frlolm. 8 to 8 o'clock, A. IL,
AT CLARK,
lvi JUSTICE OF TEE PEACE.
OFFICE—No. 12 N. Third street.
Mao Hours—From 6 to 7 A. M. 12 to 1 P. M.,
and from 6 to 9 P. M. Isepi-69-tlur
SAMUEL EVANS,
IJ JUSTICE OF THE PEACE.
Mee, on Second St., adjoining Odd Fellows'
flail, Columbia, Pa.
J. GULICK,
A - SURGEON DENTIST,
Extracts Teeth without Pain. Nitrous Oxide or
Laughing, Gas administered.
OFFICE 248 LOCUST STREET.
sent-J -6941'w
B C. UNSELD,
• TEACHER OF MUSIC
PIANO,
ORGAN,
MELODEON.
CULTIVATION of the VOICE and SINGING.
Special attention gaven Beginners and young
pupils.
sept4-69-lyw
219 LOCUST STREET
T Z. HOFFER,
D,E'N-TrsT.
LD.trouuLcx/ 'Gas - :a4mlniite - ewl:jti ;111t3
Drug Store, between 4..oeut and Walnut Streets,
Columbia Pa.
HINFCLF.',,
. PitYSICIAN A: SURGEON;
otrers his professional services to the citizens of
Coltmtbia and vicinity. He may be found at, the
o,itce connected Wall his residence, on Second
st ;cet, between. Cherry and Union, every day,
try an 7 toil .1 M., and from 1i to SP. M. Person%)
wisning his services in special uses, between
these nours, tvial leave word by note at his edicts,
or thrpanrit the post °ince.
D EINTAI, SURGERY.
- -
.1. S. SMITH. DENTIST
Ormlua te 4,f Pennsylvania College of Dental
Surgery. Office in NVagn er's over
Haldeman's dry gonis store. En
trance, 273 Locust Street,
Columbia, Panda.
Dr. J. S Sirnl tit thanks his friends and the pub
-Ilc In general for their liberal patronage In the
viva, and 11NSUIA rig, them that they can rely upon
having every attention given to them In tho
future. In every branch of his profession he
has aI n gty. given entire satisfaction. no calls
Intent ton to the unsurpassed style and finish
of 4mM:oat teeth insert's by him. tie treats
ars.e.o.,"; common to the month and teeth of
child I en and adults. Teeth tilled with the great
est owe awl in the most approved manner.
teeLik treated itna filled to last for years.
Tito best of dentritlees and mouth washes con
stantly on hand.
S. it work warranted.
sap l-69-lyw J,
EU. ESTATE AGENCY
The undersigned have opened an °Mee for the
purchase and sale of real estate. collection of
rents, and the renting of property. Buainess
entrusted to their care will meet with prompt
and careful attention. F. X. ZIEGLER.
A.J.
TO BUILDERS AND OTHERS.
Building, paving and other brick always on
hand. They are hand made and superior to any
brick in this part of the country. They are of
leredat the very lowest price.
sop 4-69-trwl 3.11C/I.A.EL LIPEIART.
-
21 - OTELS.
ANTESTERZ+.7 HOTEL,
V \ tl o (1 , .4 15 CORTLANDT STREET,
NEW YORK.
THOS. D. WINCHESTER, PROPRIETOR.
This Hotel Is central and convenient for Penn
sylvanians.
ABLE AILSRLER, of Reading, Pa.,
is an a3slstant at this Hotel, and will be glad to
see In friends at all times. serpt,4-65-tfw
" CONTIRENTAL."
•
ThIS HOTEL IS PLEASANTLY LOCATED,
between the Stations of the Reading and Colulu
and Pennsylvania Railroads,
FRONT STREET, COLUMBIA, PA.
-Late accommodations for Strangers and Tray
eters. The Bar is stocked with
CHOICE LIQUORS,
A ad the Tables furnished with the best fare.
URIAH FINDLEY,
Proprietor.
hep4-MI-tAr]
FRANKLIN HOUSE,
LOCUST ST., COLUMBIA, PA.
This is nfirst-class hotel, and is in every respect
.tdapted to meet the wishes and desires of the
traveling public. MARTIN ERWIN,
Proprietor,
FRENOIrS HOTEL,
On the European Plan, opposite City Hall Park
New York. E. FRENCH,
Sept. 19, MS. Proprietors
NIISIILER'S HOTEL,
West :siarizet Square, Iterultn,q Eenn'n.
EVAN .IILSILLER,
Proprietor.
sept4l-66-tfw!
MARBLE WORKS.
eIOLUMBIA MARBLE 'WORKS.
A__,/ The Subscribers would respeetfully inform
the citizens of Columbia, and ntu•rouadtng
country, that they have opened
A NEW MARBLE YARD IN
COLUMBIA.,
On sth Street, between Locust and Walnut Sta.,
and ask the paZrouage of the public.
They hare had great experience ou tine work,
both in Phlladel phis, and New York. They will
furnish in the highest style of the art, handsome
GRAVE STONES, AIONIT3IENTS,
STATUARY, ORNAMENTS, ,t.a.
also MARBLE MANTLES, BUILDIRG WORK.
Se. Orders promptly attended and executed at
cheaper rates than elsewhere. Gall and see ut
Designs of new styles of Fine work,such as
monumental ;line arts, &c., will be furnished
parties upon application to the proprietors.
lIEP'r/NO „Ji P l 4 T
Sapt4-6.9-tfa•
TEAM PitINTING.—CaII at the
Steam Printing House of the COLIWBPir
17, rear of Columbia National Bank, and ex
amine specimens of Letter Heads,Notes,Cards etc
=
J
C. BUCHER,
vines and Liquors I
Has reniove(riiis Store to his Building, adjoining
BITTERS !
they have performed in every ease, when tiled
Dr. Mishler otters five hundred dollars to the pro
prietor of any Medicine that eau show a greater
number of genuine certificates of cures olreeted
by it,'near tho place where it is made, than
Is for sale in Columblaby
Catawba,
COGNAC, OF DIFFERENT BRANDS
BRANDIES of all kinds:
usla 7471-o*:F*7
. Catawba, Kununel,
MA.LT AND CIDEII. VINEG AB
SMITH, D. D.S.
POCKET PEAS KS.
DEMIJOHNS,
TOBACCO BOXES,
and FANCY ARTICLES., in great variety,
MISHLER'S BITTERS!
PURE t UNADULTERATED
BEST STOUT PORTER !
From E. G. HIBBERT. LONDON
PLIRE MALT VINEGAR.
Cannot bq pareamed at any other establish-
went In town, and Is warranted to keep fruits
and vegetables perfect.
TO SMOKERS AND CHEWERS
SMOKING AND CHEWING TOBACCO,
SNUFF, HAVANA, YARA, and
COMMON SEGARS. Also,
arm -TT 4: TOBACCO BOXES, PIPES—a
thousand and one varieties. Call at
'Locust Street, adjoining Ealdetnan's Store.
It is the greatest establishment of the hind this
aide of Philadelphia.
1121-Only Agency for Lee's
_London Porter, and
2diseller's .131tsers.
tl
rs ---,,,,,, xma—A.Si , '' . l"="zo - z.:Mit...... ,, .- .L....+1•1.11.0.01%,r,,v,r.t.rX...44*.tr.rfkrry-;:ci4,4Y.,1%,-;;Arifr,,,,,,,,.. , x „..,,,...,,,,,,,,,,,
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•^ , -..q • , x..... w *",t; --,.. ~ 4 • - --75 ,.•:- • - --,• •• - t.O , w:-.. - .7-- ' . ''' ' - '4" , •=::: - Ii- . - I* , • , . . ..- . . . .
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BUCHER'S CO_LUJIN.
Wholesale count ein .- 11 . Dealer In
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC
IL'aidemau's Store, Locust St., Columbia, Pe.,
Where he has lilted up rooms and greatly
racreased his facilities for doing,
a more extensive business
1 31ISHLER'S CELEBRATED
PURE AND UNADULTERATED,
These Bitters are celebrated for the great cures
MISHLER'S HERB BITTERS
.NLISHLER'S HERB BITTERS
J. C. BUCHER,
At his Store, Locust Street, Columbia
WINES AND LIQUORS !
Embracing the following
Port,
Lisbon,
Cherry,
Mac eria,
Malaga,
Champagne,
CI Tc,.,
Rhine,
Currant and Muscat IVIArES
Also, OLD RYE. WHISKEY and
Cherry,
EMI
Superior Olft Rye,
Pure Old Bye,
XXX Old 1:3-e,
XX Old Rye X Old Rye,
Pere Old Rye, Menonpthele,
Rect.Lilecl Whisky, London Brciwn S Cott t
Scotch Ale, &c., &C., &c.
AGENCY IOP.
FTC Is alb° Agent f:Yr the Celeb7ttitli
AITSIILER'S HERB BITTERS
FOR SALE
At S. C. BUCHER'S
For Salo by
J. C. BUCIIER
For sale by
5. C. BUCHER;
Locust Street, above Front
Agent for the
The BeAt Brands of Imported
SCOTCH AND LONDON ALT
For Sale at
J. C. BUCHER -.1
BlIfitHER will still keep on hand the
.est Brantbi of
.T. C. BIICECER'S,
lIIIM
COLITMI3I.A_, P.A.
S.ArisTsl-113_A_Y" MORINTriNG - , 1 - 4'ERIZTT.A_Ii°, — Y - 19, 1.170.
OPEN 1 OPENING; OPENED!
A. 2 ,11) UNTIL ITURTFIER 011DET:S,
BRENEI,I2I_N'S
THE LARGEST STOOK OF
HATS AND CAPS
For Men, Youth and Children, ever before offer
ed to the people of Columbia, comprising as it
does, STILE and QUALITY in soft and stiff
brim, such as the Warwick, Ida Lewis, Sinhad,
Prince Arthur, American Girl, Kute, Peerless.
Lady Th - )rn, Rowing, Star, Cuban, Waverly,
Gilmore, Rob Itoy, and the Fall style of Stile
hats, just out, together with a full stock of
GENTS'.
FURNISIEYG GOODS,
Consisting of White and Colored Shit Is, Flannel
Shirts and Dr,Nvers,English, German and Do•
rnestie Hosiery, Gloves, 'Handkerchiefs, Sus
pender:3, Ties, Linen and Paper CuM3 and Col
lars, &.e. ,llso,
173LBRELLAS AND CANES
Partie, who favor nc with their patronrg,e are
assured that it will be our constant twit to
merit their confidence and support.
Call and examine oar well selected stock at
at low prices.
BREi\Thal AN'S
- .N.70. 128 Loc..last Street, Columbta, Pa
ocal,To-13-
NO. 13
SIIREINER'S
1 .1 - bere you call buy a first rate
mErdeAN, F NGLIStI Olt swiss
BEAUTIFUL SET'S 01 0 JEWELRY, NAND
SOME BREAST BINS, EAR RINGS,
SLEEVE BUTTONS,
and almost, everything in the Jewelry line
Or yon ptirely - tse
FINE SILVER, ANT) SILVER, PLATED
SPOONS,
FORTES. KNIVES CASTORS, C.OBLETS, ICE
PITCHERS. HOTTER
TIII,II if you aro 111
WANT OF Trmr.
you can buy any lzind of
...VMEFLICAN CLOCK,
warraiited of the best quality, at a low figure
CALL ADD SEE FOR Y0ur...,1:17,
Blackberry,
Eldei berry,
CHAS. P. SII111:1;;11t'S
Sept hrt fl Front St., Conno!no, Po.
Diruas. L';
A. METERS
Druggist act Apothecary,
ot3 vv,v-Tiy.T.r.;•x
-
Invites sttentiou to a, few sire , i s ales now is
stock:
PRIME NEW CANAiIy SEED
Ginger,
OLD PALM SOAP PARS
Gin,
ra.vrrs BED BUG KILLER, (sure tiling and
ROTHE'S \L•'Ci ANDIMPROVE D RAT K I T.-
LEE, tthe bet , t 11)41g we ho.ve yet solct,)
spLms:DTD LOT OF CII`,3IOLI
IATIT TOWELS, SPONGES AND GLOVES',
CO itIiNVOOT) ror, F.; 0 . 1.1N1 E
t:O.Vatil:. AND ITINF, PE.PPE.r. , ,grue,:y.l St,. ti c
PURE SPICES AND CREAM TA ItTAI
Togother n ith our usual large stock of DucCvi
Me.niciNEs and Dneczc; St 7:: 'which
are entirely ti.lsll. purchases.
anystcrAN , s- VP.F.scutr rtoyt; and FA:.: ELY 11E
IVI-7.S prepared by night or day wi: a:cut:Ley.
I:..ementhQr the
FAMILY MEDICINE
st•pt.rt39-I fwl Odd Foloww-mtli
y B. N. EVINS KT,
Du:a:int IN
PIANOS, ORGANS : 111ELODEON5,
AND musrcA.L INSTRUMENTS
GENERA.LIN.
A largo B , sort anent. Flific , , Guitars,
jo4, Tamborines. Aceordeowz, Filr., Ilar
moulms, Tit muswal nuirchanclL.: ai.rayi on
SHEET
A large stock on hand, and cc tantly receiving
all the latest publications an scan as issued.
Music and Musical 8001.7,1 will lie sent by mail
free of postage. lahon the market p: en is re:flit
ted.
11 AC A C 0 31 ANTA,
Or the Art of 1 ransierring Plot ore i. Can be
ti ain't - erred 011 any object.
would call -ipocial attention of co:wh
nutkers to rcy .1, ,c 1; 01]).10A1c0111:10
STEINWAY ,t; SUNS Pi.' Os. FItI.NCE
CO'S., & NEE UTAM A; SON'S , ,
O fIG ANS AND ,s.rEl.ol l l:.cx;:s.
Solo Agent, for Stoll's Um .0.
FODTE AN D N IT I:D.E
Call an:: .te:anllite lay stue:: at
NO. 3 NORTH PRINCE
COOPER, ,S; - , CONALD,
S. E. cr , r. 9th Marke: Sts..
•
PHILADELPHIA.
Raving rebuilt their store, will open about
October !sr, wlth an ele.tant. stock, to tl lien
they invite an Q%:l minnt
Upwards of seventeen years 01 net ye bust
neNs at their present location, cuabi,, , them to
judge of the wants of their patron., to hay at
the lowest Inlet, and to sell at the smallest mar
gin of protit. Blatis of
nr.A.CIC SILKS,
DRESS STUFFS,
snix VELVETS,
CLOAKS, SILAWIs,
IIOSIERY, TIES,
HANDKERCHIEFS,
COLLARS, CUFFS. Sc.,
WHITE GOODS,
BLANKETS, QUILIS,
USEd NS, LINEN'S,
CASSMIErtEs. eLoTm*.
CLOAKINGS,
'VELVETEENS, 4e.,et - ^.
cooPurt e coIs:AND,
S. E. rer. Ninth l ?In rget
0.71.2-W.ly-1-24p] Philadelphia.
_MRS. G. M. BOOTH, •
153. LOCUST CT.. CO Lu ,
LE.I..L'EIt IN
SEGARS, TOBACCO, SICUFF6,
PIPES, &C„
And all articles usually- kept In a flrst-class To
bacco and Segni. 'Store The public coo rely on
getting at ourntoro as good goods for the money
ascot) be obtained at any similar establishment
in the State.
I do not think It necessary to publich my
priees, as thl: Goods will tell for thetosolves.
MILS. G. M. 1300TII,
Locust Street, Columbia, Pa.
Sign of the Punch.
MISCE LEA?IE6US
THIS DAY, THISWEER',
12S Locust Street.
IS THE PLACE
WATCIL
AT TIM' LOWEST Plt
harmles4 to persons,)
MEE
=
7. sTE I:, PA
oCLIG: ~ )-1y
"NO ENTERTAINMENT SO WIEAP AS READING, NOR ANY EVEASITRE
Per the Sin.)
n r oOker LOOUOUt.
Ml=
lip through the dim mists cold and gray,
Erne'ral .To Moolter leads on tic° way,
Whilst the wind moans sadly through oak and
pine,
Hi , : NMI , / of command rings down the line—
" Charger'
And fors - ard they go, on the bristling foe,
P: hi le the tents o 1 our army gleam white below.
White haired vet'r. - tn and fair hatred child,
Rani: on rank with the slain lay piled.
And still on the battle's foremost rnarge,
Rang forth the voice of the master," Marge!"
'Till our troops on high, betadvt earth and sky
Flawed •`lhe flag," for which we Might die,
'.ll'dst carnage and slaughter and Ore of hell,
NohlY and in.wely they fought and fell.
Whilst the CllllllOll . B roar, and the battle's
clang
Along the Side of the mount:do rang;
Death and destruction around, above,
Ah I 'Us sv,•eet to die for the land ' , go love.
And Ihere came a halt, a pause, and 1 hen
Stood forth the leader, along among men,
And wit It reverent mein and forehead bare,
Saluted" the flag" in mid-sky air—
And said as he gazed o'er the land made free
"Thank God, who giveth the victory!"
Strew flowers o'er every patriot's way,
Who bore the brunt of our war's long day—
Nor while freedom dwells in hall or cot,
Shall noble Joe Hooker be forgot.
When a grateful people statues raise,
To record their heroes might and praise,
Forth from t:le list shall in glory stand,
With the ling of stars unfurled in hand,
Neenin,r its folds unstained and bright,
t Joe Hooker on lookout's height.
B 0 1) T.
I=
co., 13
Lo ! England sends him back to us!
With scaled eyes and folded palms,
11.. drifts across the wintry sea,
Which chants to him its thousand psalms
We proudly name and claim him ours,
We take him, England! from thy breast
We Open w:de Our door. to 111111,
Who comez;l Itiuhtl. 21 silent guest.
We Ic f t hifn thee to teach thy sons
Tfle le ~on of C 11..% Open hand—
fatni:-.lfekl lips h , tuuld theta
Than him—the .franqer in their :and!
We lent :inn, livi n 4, unto thee,
To be a : , ulacte to thy pain ;
Ent now, err Iran t his noble Clusl,
To eon,Praeo iG ultra again.
Elvgland ! we take him from thine arms!
We thank thee for thy rove: cut, care !
If thou any I we WOIT ever I r:ends,
W2,houhl be so boqirle itis bier.
i memory shouhl be a spell
To banish spleen and bitterness
-Have kindlier thoughts of thee,
Y....ts tender unto itly distress!
Ire. have 'kindlier thoty:ht , of thee,
lUteatrte of honor done Uho—
:'or while we weep, we turn to .O 0
That I:ttgl'ush eyt:th wall teary are (Um:
Ilii.ailancoli.s' .catlittg
`4: r. i 17; OCT 5
{The following letter to the /ieforinecl
d'att.Thicr of Rev. VT. Novia; D. D. of
Le:tic:aster, now visiting in itoulc.]
In this ever-changing world, each st e
cessirc mind, if it reflects simply and truly
the objects it i as seen and thought on as
they appear to it. must h ip to east new
li ht upon old siC:J . jects. It is true, the
thiti; : ::. we look. on :tr..: The ca ins in them
selves that they were when our father: ,
and .o.tr parldf.ith„!rs saw them ; but dill
fetent eyes sornetitneii may read in them a
new silzuifieanee. Old impressions, .f
value in their time as a step in ere kener
at paigress, having done their ditty, hav
ing played their part, must now fall a lit
tle Lack fur the new.
Tins is wy first apology for the bold Less
of writing you letters from li , une, a place
so exhau,ted, one would ininarine, by the
hrst writers of all times,so minutely describ
ed, that it would be altogether bare and
Ire:illness. This, I say, is my first
apology, the ever recurring necessity for
the new ; and ray second is, that it has
seemed to me sometimes as though most
books or travel are written exclusively for
the cultivation of the mind, and Very little
fin• the heart. Statistical knowledge,
wholesale information, shrewd guesses at
the political and religion= condition of the
people, and as cle_ alit 1160 Of hillgilage
and the technical terms of art criticism
All this we have, and it is well and mo-t
imp .rtant. That is fond for the mind.
There is another elass, of readers, however
who would find more satisfaction in a
truthful portrayal of the inner and social
11th of foreign people. I ball try to he
merely a reflection for such, and instead
of giving mine allow thew to draw their
own conclusions; sacrificina to this any
ambitious desire I may feel arising to ex
cel in finished or polished sentences
V,lat my first oljuct shall he, is to have
you 0 itll Ili. seeing. aad hearing scnit thing
of what r myheli see and hear ; and since
it is through my eyes that you must look,
I shall strive to make them clear, and hon
est, and true. f shell confine inyseffto
no SIO:ui:11 line ci objects, but wander
among the different interests of hum.
nature as we come in convict with them
here its Arr daily life. It is the little
toucher on the ca,pva,z, the little lines on
the marble, tint bring out tit o beauty of
the picture, the force or the statue; and
sn Perhaps, little trivial mention of thine
that sound insinifieant in themselves will
pte:ent mere vividly to you the real indiv
iduality and char teter of the nation we are
with. All eo to make up the gloss of dis
tinction, Which marks thy• differeneces be
tween races and places—differences, which
after all, are only a. ;*lass, supedieial; su
alike in all real things ate we on either
side of the water. But it is of interest to
trace the litre where we diverge
bet the he'.rt draw its let•ions from the
pages of the past, as well as the mind ;
that in the tide of improvement both may
swan onward t Nether.
You will underst4ncl, that this explana
tion Wai qui:e needed, when I go on
to speak iu my present letter of the famous
church of St. Peter's, and its rival in
beauty, if not in fame, St. Paul's; and of
" San Pietro" first, of course. When you
ett.B.
I=l
are driven up to the entrance, you are
conscious of a feeling, which impresses
you constantly in Rome and in many other
places, This: a dreamy idea that you
have been there at some long past time, a
strange sense of familiarity with the form
and appearance of places and buildings.
So completely and often have they been
described. and pictured tons, that we have
felt, have seen, and all but walked upon,
the ground. It is all an idea actualized
now. And it is pleasant to grasp with
the actual sight what was before only an
imagination (however perfect) at the
best. it is faith made substanec,as it were.
For even with all the pictures, the history
the description, there is still much to
learn, many wrong impressions to correct
and a most satisfactory food for your keen
est sense of beauty and fitness—.such. food
wm.:7.untasted before. Still, as we have
said, there is enough of familiarity to give
this dreamy feeling. and also a certain
homelike sensation.
Pictures, to be sure. never gave us
the k . , reat leathern curtains before the
doors here, as you find them also ales
where, in all the cathedrals and churches
of the country. The doors are always
open, but to prevent the drafts of air
that would otherwise be dangerous and
uncomfortable, this stuffed, heavy lea
ther-blind hangs down, and is pushed
aside easily going out or entering.
Generally, indeed, a beggr stands
there, ready enough to do it for you
with one hand while with the other he
holds foward the ever-ready torn hat
There were but few visitors at St.
Peter's the first day we were there; no
service going on, and a calmness and
majest - to quiet and hush was in the at
mosphere: Standing still in the door
way, I drank in the first effect most
eagerly : the grandeur—the harmony—
the immense werk of man's hands and
brains—the long tiers of columns, and
the side chapels on either hand ; and
far up, under the dome, lights—lit
tle, clear, steady 11 cues—ever burning
around a railing, which surrounds the
tomb of St. Peter himself, where, we are
toll, rest his bones Around this railing
is a raised cushion. Into the church
come the Cathodic. worshipers, full of
reverence ; introverted ; first to the ex
quisitely carved basins ; where their
fingers aro dipped into the water, and
themselves crossed with it; then up to
St. Peter's tomb, and down u1>),11 their
knees on the cushion, under the little,
starry flames. These we cannot help
admiriag ;,they arc such. a ,titty skew in
L t Vry
so faithful, and so full of repose in the
great space. All people, side by side;
kneel here, and say their prayers. re
gardless and unconscious of the wander
ing, and too often staring, Pretest:tuts
around. Women. poor and rich ; sol
diers, in variou , nnithrms ; wise men:
pale tdic-4 , , a: , d fat ones, too some
times ; all sub Ice 1 and rever
ential. St. Peter's boue.l Antl you
too feel a solemnity steal over you, at
the thought that there is so near you
the little recur doing dust of that fisher
man, whose life on earth was so inter
laced and a•-:,oeilred with that of Christ;
who cnsw flint nail touched Hint, and
wino felt s r aving hand once when the
waters nearly overpowered him. The
past draws !war t• . ) you. Here is a link
aw:.y back through the ages. Lying
th•:!re, ['L..: the resurrection
Waiting, 'many we loved are lying
waiting I Waiting, as we,all shall smite
day wait
As we -canal sa thinktng under the
, •r mainl dtime to which, at last,
we have a f.pfeacbcd,b ow j trrhig mil graf
ting it is our Protestant feelings, to see.
the devote s rise from their knees and go
to the !..ide_ where, agala , t the wall
is a life-size figure. in a s:pin4 posture,•
tOy and with one protruded foot., the toe
of which tlyay kis-. and have kissed until
it ,hines hra•-rsily. Von think of the Is
redites an ,: ;he t fol•lcu calf, and woryhr
if they i,ohed l.ke th it when they 'awed
down. c'er::nly men viii d ,, s tr- k npoe
thim_•:. i:d!, ring 0:1. ;dr enon:7 • 11 at
the :=%:r . .• rer:rtp 4 , Ciey 'become es,
trava.:•tat, insteml of
aron-io_; s, apathy. it if. to retreat
p.crtieula: the chipin..nt of a trajo or
has
nr utin.l, tL it not a few lo!ielaus
prefer in error rather than
coltre ,, t )r. fires' fir hiatus in their
(if rea-;Nlittg.
eialmrltion of ornament in
' St. Peter's that: failed to please inc. It is
soniching to ba marvelled at, a wonder
ful man's best efforts in art.
But. a- a the multiplicity of objects
scenic.? to mar a little the harmony of
outline, and :u create :1 confused mass in
many places ; although each petty thinz;
in itself is complete.. Ornament is en
crusted with decoration, sculpture, carving
gilding, painting, illuminating; and vari•
ous rich marbles deck every space of the
high wall., ceilings and pillars. But in
vain the eye seeks for rest in calm, midis
turbA 'due.; every line is broken by
seine lavish carving or display. And here
was what pleas,:d in St. Paul's by way of
contrast Out- , ide it is 'plain, and you en
ter perfectly u•lprepared for the severe
chaste beauty that meets you. My fancy
traced su analogy between the character
of the two Apostles, and the: different
buildings which commemorate their...lives
and claim their bones. St; Peter's is warm,
impulsive, glowing cud peak.. St. Paul's
elegant, chaste, 'complete and logical, if
one may 11.'0 such an . expression of , a'
church. There is quite as magnificent a
display in one sense', but 'so artistically
blended, so developed, that it is like a
perfect thought, a complete conception.
In St. Peter's you see many thoughts not
perfectly blended. You are moved; you
are warmed; the light is softened and
subdued. It is rich and luxuriant.. 'ln
St. Paul's you are raised, - elevated; and
your taste is satisfied with beauty. So
large, so pure' with' precious marble pil
lars, and choice stones forming the walls.
Grand heights and breadths you
can look away down thrOughlines of sym
metry, over the. polished floors, and see
how the light of the sun comes in from
the high windows somewhere; touches
one pillar after another; gleams upon an
cid mosaic picture, high on the wall;
lighting lip the ugly quaiiit figures of
the fifth century, till they are almost fair
to look on. It appeals more to the purely
cesthetic taste; St. Peter's to the feeling.
Outside there is no comparison between
them.
Brief Rior,:raphy of James Pyle
Wickersham, State Superintend
ent of Public Schools of Pennsyl
vania.
At two or three different times during
the past year,. have we essayed, through ,
personal application to the friends of Hon.
J. P. Wickersham, to get data for a sketch
of his life for our series,
.. , and, through
persistet t efforts, we ha.ve at last; sue
et eded . -That, our labors..will be - appre
ciated, we do not doubt. .A. lifehistory,
of one so closely allied with the interests.'
if not the destinies, of the rising . genera
tion, cannot but prove interesting to both
parents and children Mr. Wickersham
is descended from the first settlers of
Pennsylvania, co-eval with William Penn.
Thomas Wickersham, together with other
of his Quaker brethren, emigrated from
Cheshire, England, nearly two hundred
years ago, and settled in the then wilder
ness of Chester county, and, although five 1
generations have come and gone since,our
subject was born and raised within two
miles of the house built and occupied by
Thomas Wickersham, his lineal progeni
tor, in 1705. On the mother's side he
also descends from the early settlers, be
ing the grandson of .James Pyle, a
"Friend."
Caleb Wickersham, the father of James
I'., our subject, still lives, and until re
cently-, owned and conducted the farm
front the products of which he raised and
educated his family. He is a man of
marked character—a sound thinker, close
and careful reader, and posessed of clear
judgement and deep-seated integrity.
flis mother received a boarding-school
ed,aeation ; Ind teas t o ' sneeessf'ul .teacher
1
befoie her marriage. She, Coo, still lives,
and is noted for her benevolence ancl'com
phieency and strength of character.
James P. entered school when about
seven years old, and made rapid progress.,
lie led all his competitors, always stand
ing head in his classes. At home he had
frequently to be'driven from his books to
bed, se determined was be 'to excel his
cla!:sznates. When about twelve years of
age. being the oldest of a large family of
children, be had to assist his father on
the farm and his mother in the house,
(luring the slimmer months, getting to
school only in the winter ; but even then
he found much
_time to devote to his
studies.
In IS3-I, when he was only eleven years
old, the question of ti. free school system
came up, and James, boy as he was, took
a lively interest in its adoption, and stood
up manfully, with creditable arguments,
against its opposers, predicting its great'
benefits with almost prophetic foresight ; -
and lie has lived to see its manifold.bless-•
lugs, and the hope, of' whlelr:the Wish lvas"
father, realized, and in no
. F.plalf degrS.e
through his own instrumentality. -As
years advanced, ho became a great reader.
I[is father's small.birt well chosen library,
as well as those of all his neighbors, was
eagerly read and rehearsed in private.
His great desire to become a scholar
pleased his mother, end she often screen
ed him from his companions at play, that
he might " thumb " some new bock. Nor
did his love of reading incapacitate him
for manual labor. At sixteen he could
do more work on the farm than aoy man
his father could hire, and at the rustle
spurts of the day and locality be was quite
an expert. Even now, there are few am
attire ball-players whom he would not ex
cel.
He spent some sii sessions at the Union
ville Academy, Chester eouty, where he
mastered mathematics, natural sciences,
history,and the English,French, and Latin
languages. This constituted his theoret
ical or methodical education. The lite
rary degrees he has since received are all
honorary. At sixteen he informed his
lather that he wanted to choose and study.
'a profession. This his father objected to,
not because he was opposed to the course,-
but because he needed his assistance on
the farm. He gave him, however, his
choice of remaining with him on the farm,
or throwing himself upon his own re
sources. The plucky boy chose the lat
ter, and since that day has made his way
in the world, without pecuniary assistance
form any one—emphatically " the archi
tect of his own fortune." A few days
after this interview he engaged himself as
an assistant teacher in the Academy where
he had been a student,'but with 'no other
compensation than the instruction he
should receive. The following winter,
.1841-12, he taught . a common country
school, at twenty- dollars' per months, and
then returned to school himself; and so
Continued, alternately teaching and going
to school, until the year 1845, when he
became principal of the Marietta Academy,
located at Marietta, Lancaster county,
Pa.
' Mr. Wickernharn's success as a teacher I
.02,00 Per Year, in Advance; $2,50 if not Paid in Advance.
NSW
was marked, from the beginning. While
teaching his first school, in Brandywine
district, Chester county, the board of di
rectors passed a resolution, stating that his
was the best taught school under their
charge. In another distri6t he received
a premium of four dollars per month, for
the best teaching, and in still another he
was paid five dollars per month more than
any other teacher in the disfriet. Years
afterwards; Witileprinciliai of the Acad
emy at Marietta, and of the State Normal
Sehoorat Millersville, although fifty 'or
sixty Miles distanee,'nearly all the young
people of the neighborhood where he had
tau g ht, who went from home to school,
followed the teachei who had given so
much satisfaction to their older brothers
and sisters. It should: be stated, however,
that his intention was to study law, and
he had made arrangements to enter a
lawyer's office for that purpose; but the
fact coming to the knowledge of his
Quaker grandfather, provoked so much
opposition on his part, that the design was
postponed, and finally abandoned.
Mr. Wickersham was just twenty years
of age when he became principal of the
Academy at Marietta. Three years after
wards:he was married-to Emeriti° I. Tay.
tor, of Chester county, danghter of Dr.
listie Taylor, deceased. The institution
of which he now had charge, continued
to flourish all the time he remained at its
bead, which was nine years. The school
was strictly a private ono, hut there nev
er was a time when the names of several
non-paying students could not have been
found on its roll. Poor, deserving young
men and women were sought out, invited
to attend the school s and told that their
expenses in so doing would be provided
for; and there are those thus favored,
who do not know to-day that it was their
kind-hearted principal to whom they were
indebted. In 1545 he was elected the
first county Superintendent of Shoots, in
Lancaster county ; and, because he de
clined serving for a less sum, he was paid
a salary five hundred dollars larger than
any other Superintendent in the State.
In 1855, he founded and temporarily pre
sided over the Lancaster county Normal
Institute at Millersville, an institution
which, at first designed to prepare teach
ers for the schools of a single county-even
tually, under his management, developed
into the first State Normal School of
Pennsylvania, and thus practically pion
eered the whole work of Normal instruc
tion in the State. In 1865, he resigned
the office of County . Superintendent, to
;accept that of principal of. the institution
he had established, cared for,it as a father
cares for his child, Mud at last, after a
long and bard struggle, ho had the proud
satisfaction. of seeing it beconie,.not only
a State Normal School, but one of the.
largest and most flourishing institutions of
the kind in the country. He continued
as principal of the Normal School, until,
1866, when he resigned that position with
the intention of visiting Europe, and en
his return completing a series of works
on the Science of Teaching, which he had
commenced; but au-unexpected circum
stance of a domestic character which oc
curred at this time, compelled him to
change his intention; and, being offered
by Governor Curtin, the State Superin
teedeneyof Common Schools, he accepted
the position, served one term, and was re
appointed by Governor Geary. His con
firmation.by the Senate the second time
;vas unanimous ; every one-of the thirty
three Senators voting for. it. The vigor
of his administration as the head of our
Staff, school system, is shown by facts like
{he following : Eleven. cities and large
borough's have been induced to elect Su
perintendents of Sehools ; five thousand
ChilAren. have beeq brought into schools,
from districts which bad previously re
jected the Common School system; the
State appropriation to schools has been
largely increased; the attendance at
Teachers' Institute has increased nearly
four-fold ; the expenditures for school
purposes in the State have heady doubled
those for building and repairing school
houses being now more than five times as
great as in any other year prior 1866.
FlundreAs of schools have been graded;
One new State Normal School has been
put in operation, and sever I others are
in a good state of forwardness; offices
have been secured fur County Superinten
dents in some thirty-five comities, and the
Superintend ncy itself has been made
much more effective, by the refusal to
commission incompetent petsons elected
to the office. A. higher grade of qualifi
cation has been adopted for teachers, and
the salaries of those who arc competent
have been largely advanced; and by
means of addresses delivered in all the
principal cities and towns of the State, the
annual reports, the matter published in
the official department of the School Jour
nal, and . visitations to schools the people
hiive been awakened to a higher sense of
their duty to Common Schools.
Space forbids a discussion here of Mr.
Wickersham's merits, as a teacher and as
a Superintendent of Schools. The full
'
story of his professional life would require
a volume. Few among her citizen have
been able to do as much for Pennsylvania
and outside of his.own State he is placed
in the very front rank of American edu
cators. This is seen in the fact that he
has been offered, again and again, high
positions in other States, and !Es excel
lency, President Sarmiento, of the Argen
tine Republic, before leaving New York
in 1868, to enter' upon the duties of his
office, tried to induce him by the offer of
a very high salary, and a position in his
Cabinet, to accompany him to South
America, and take charge of the clam-
tional interests of the country over which
=!=!s=ll:ll==ii
r
. ~ H ~,.,.w...,._.,.,.
[WHOLE NUMBER, 2,082.
he had been called to preside. •
Mr. Wickersham has written many ar
ticles for magazines , and neWspapers,
mostly of •an educational: character, and
few in the country haver visited ' More
schools, attended more Teachers' Insti
tutes and Associations, or been present at
more educathinal meetings.' Ha assisted
in • estlblishing- the Laneater County
Teachers' Association and was elected its
second President in. 1.853 ; he 'assisted in
establishing the'Pennsylvania State Teach
crs' Association;and Was elected its . fourth
President in 1855'; he assisted in 'estab
lishing the National Tekelleis' Association
and was elected its seventh President in
1865; Ile is now President of the Na
tional Superintendents' "liiociatiOn, v.
-
body composed of the'leadinfedneit . Ors of
'the nation. 'An address of , his - rdad be
fore the National Teachers' Asiociation,
at its meeting in Harrisburg, in 1865, on
"Education as an element' in' the recon
struction of the Union," was published by
some liberal and patrintiegentlemen of
Boston, in pamphlet form," and "many
thousands of copies were gratuitously dis
tributed'over the country:, Ms inaugural
address at Indianopolis, before the same
body, on "An American Education for the
American People," besides being widely
published in this country, was translated
into several foreiguslacguages; and large
ly circulated, both in Eutlope and , South
America. Professor Laboulaye," of the
University of France, the:well known
friend of America, who trtinalated it into
French, pronounces it "the best.exposition
of the American idea of popular educa
tion that has ever been written."
Mr. Wickersham is the author of tw'o
volumes---" School Economy," and "Meth
ods of Instruction,"-both proptcred
while at the Normal School, and publish
ed by Messrs Lippincott & Co., of "Phila.,
These books have sold more largely than
any other books of the sort published in
this country, and they are now 'used as
text books in nearly all our State Nor
mal Schools, and in many other institu
tions where teachers are prepared, Sale
has also been found for them in Europe,
especially in England and Germany.
They aro recognized as standard works
by the entire profession, and as . "the first
successful attempt made in this country
to place teaching on a philosophical basis
they have received the highest commend
ations from its leading members.
This sketch would be incomplete with
out referring to Mr. Wickersham's record
[ -during our late civil war. SO= after the
breaking out of hostilities, he proposed to
Governor durtin to raise a regiment, to be
composed mainly of young teachers; but
he was dissuaded from ranking the attempt
by the Governor, the trustees of the Nor
mal School, and other friends. The Gov
ernor said " he could get ten Colonels to
one Principal of a State Normal School."
Not feeling at liberty under these circum
stances to go bimself,he did what he could
to aid others in going. Be raised a con-
siderable sum of money to assist in equip
ping a Lanaaster county company, which
became company 13, of the First Pennsyl
vania Reserves. He spent both time and
money in helping to raise company E. of
the 79th regiment, which was commanded
by his brother, and being composed in
good part of young men who had been
students at Millersville, was called the
" Normal Guards:" He did even more
for company E, of the 122nd regiment,
whose officers and men were nearly all
Millersville students; and in recognition
of his services, the company received the
name of the " Wickersham Guards." He
assisted one of the Trustees of the School
in raising another company, offering a
bounty to those who enlisted, but the reg
iment of which it was to form a part was
never organized, and the company was
disbanded. Valuable assistance was also
rendered to the officers who recruited
company C, of the 195 regiment, and
company B, of the 214 regiment. And
when Lee, beating the army of the Poto
mac, triumphantly marcted his forces into
the state, in the dark days of June, 1.863
on that solemn Sunday afternoon when a
detachment of the rebel army reached the
Susquehanna, at Columbia,while the smoke
of the burning bridge obscured with its
black masses the western sky, Mr. Wick
ersham called a meeting of trustees and
students in the Chapel of the school, and
said :
The rebels are almost in sight ! You
can now hear the sound of their cannon
and see their work of destruction ! By
this time tomorrow they may be here !
It is the duty of every ono who is able, to
fight them. I intend to do it. All the
students should go to their homes as soon
as possible. If any of the young men
present choose to return within a day or
two, or if any have brothers or fathers
who would sooner fight than run away,
they will find me ready to lead them to
assist, as best we can our brave boys al
ready, in driving back the enemy.
Within a week from that day, the 47th
regiment P. V. M. was organized at Camp
Curtin equipped and ready to march.
Twenty-two companies offered to join Col
onel Wickersham's command, but he de
clined to receive more than a sufficient
number to complete his regiment. The
regiment joined the right wing of the
.army of the Potomac, near Greencastle
Pa., July 13th, and expected to partici
pate in the contemplated attack upon Lee's
army, which was then intrenched for some,
miles on the Maryland side of the Poto
mac river ; but the hasty retreat of the
rebels, on the night of July . 13th prevent
ly it. The 47th regiment had no fighting to
do, but it had some hard marching, and
did much guard and.picket duty. It was
mustered out at Reading; August 14th.
[Continued on second pace.)
FA
MEI
MEE