VOL. 52.
lEbRICAN VOLUNTEER.
lllil pDDLISnKft STRUT TnimSDAT MOnWISQ BT .
li| JOUK B. B RATIOS.
lli
TERMS:
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• ffcJlT.,
ti I could there in this world bo found
imo little spot of happy ground,
boro village pleasures might abound
Without tho village tattling !
JW doubly blest that spot would be,
JIISmiEP MAKING.
rfttSjßVho'ro'aU might dwell in liberty,
r o° from tbo bittor mißeT 7
-■|!|| Of gossip’s endless prattling,
such a spot wore really known,
!l!|'jip)anie peace might claim it as her own,
,'>,®And in it she might fix her throne,
Forever and forever;
like a queen might reign wd lire,
every one would soon forgive
rkm [The little alights they might receive.
And iio offended never.
Iho mischief makers that remove
rom our hearts the warmth of lovo,
nd load us all to disapproved
What gives another pleasure—
hey seotn to take one's part j but when
hoy'vb board your cares; unkindly then
boy soon retail them all'again,
Mixed dp with poisonous measure.
nd then they’ve such a cunning, Way
f telling ill meant tales ; they aay> .
Don't mention it I pray,
'-iiM I would not tell another.”
> to your neighbors then they go,
lisNarrating everything they know,
I *|iknd breaking the peace of high and ?ow—
Wife, husband, friend and Brother.
JfOh 1 that the mischief making crow
all reduced to one or two,'
*Llnd they were painted rod or blue,
it That every one might know thorn;
would our villagers forget
rage and quarrel, fame and fret,
rnd fall into an angry pot,
With things so much below them.
i|
|Tor Ms a sad, degrading part,
[To make anoth.or’B bosom smart,
[And plant a dagger in the bcarfc
i "W o ought to lovo aud cherish I
[Thcrr - lct“U3~crcrmonr'bc''found
jin quietness with all aronad,
While, friendship, joy. and peace abound,
\ And angry feelings perish.
'' r . . . ...
, do not propose to give mstruotione in ice
"/cream making, for I know but littlo about it.
; Rut I can tell of "two ice cream sells that I
Bliw effected not five yards from our door the
i‘lft{ber day, when the thermometer stood at
, B6J in the shade.
. Jaguoz, who drives his locomo
tive ico cream concern passed our way, right
Out into Jersey somewhere every day, has got
■ tSyoice like a high pyessuro steamboat. If
<‘s)harines had been commander of the Army
of the Potomac, and knew how to do the
* /thing, and could have spoken ten consecutive
: ' words of intelligible English, he could have
-battle of the whole army without an aid-de
' 1 camp. lie could have made every body hear
him easy.
, Johannes was dragging out through
sand at high scorching noon, roaring
; ■■'lmth all his monstrous might of lungs—
- ■ I scream! X tcar.cH 1”
9|fMVnl I’ll ho dod dingged if I don’t think
pu do scream, mister,” soliloquized a rural
jjjjmplo of Jersey from away.in yonder, who
.Was resting his panting nag under one of the
. maples in front of our house.
■n?B Along came Johannes, bellowing his 1 —
-•ifMream twice at every revolution of his wagon
iijaWheel. I brought the Teuton to a halt, and
s ijnurohased a quart of the frozen fluid. Jer
sey got'll. view of it, and opened his eyes very
' '
“ I say—what d’ye call that are, yaller
Kbito stuff?” , , . 1
“ I—screaml” went off Dutchman, with a
ar that started Jersey half out of his boots.
“ Thunder and hoop-snakes 1 I know you
jßcream like all possessed. But I wanted - to
I'tnnw the name of that are stuff!” ,
v 4a I explained—“ 100 Cream.”
'“ Thank, yo, marm. Is it good ter cat
S.iiMaw? y
“Oh,yes—nice. Try a spnonfill, sir.”
Jersey opened liis mouth like a (our horso
IsMbornshellcr, and I dabbed into tho chasm a s
-..pjqoopf'd up spoonful of .cream. ■ Ilia eyo
• Mmapped, he humped up his hack like, and
"j|hen after swallowing two or three times, ho
,%uog out—
■*<l •• Oh, Jeminy 1 hut that nro is good 1 tlow
cl’yo sell her, mister ?” "
“Dree quarder dollars a quard,” Dutch
’ jpran said.
t >i “I snigs, that hro’s pretty steep up—hut
reckon I must have some for thor old worn
■t’ahu and gals. They never seed no seoh
Wdftuff. Will it keep, mister ?”
i Yeas it keeps goot ash never was.”
“Well, give us two quarts,” Jersey go
j&'liSa basket out of his wagon* “ Will'it keep
lin this?”
“Oh, yeas, it goepa blentee.”
; So Jersey got his two quarts of ice cream
In his basket, which he hung up under the
black cover pf His wagon where it was sever
al degrees hotter than an nvonmught to bo.
Johannes took bis $1,50. and "went on
roaring away—“l—scream!” while Jersey
• —well—if the “ old woman,” or gals either,
sees any of that basket of ioo cream, more
than the basket, I shall “purchase Jersey ’s
yjl secret for keeping the material.
I-CB CREAM.
A Goon One.—The following is reported as
having.happonsd in Bristol county ;
A witty clergyman, accosted by an old ac
quaintance of tho name of Cobb, replied:
1 ‘1 douft know you sir.’
‘My name.is Cobb,* rejoined the man, who
.Was about half seas over,
‘Ah, sir,’ replied the clergyman, ‘ you
nave so much of the corn on you (hat X did
»ot {co (Up gob.'
A Blackwell’s Island Convict Springs Waked
into a Parlor Fall ol Ladies.
Everybody knows that.Havohswood is tv
beautiful little village, pleasantly situated on
Long Island shore, while in the river, be
tween it and Now York, lies Blackwell's
Island with its “ peculiar institution” for the
punishment of criminals. Havcnswood is a
favorable place of residence, especially in the
summer, fur families of wealth, and it has
many handsome villas. One of tho latter was
not long ago leased by a gentleman and fam
ily, consisting of a wife and several grown up
daughters.
One evening last week tho ladies were sit
ting in their front parlor, which communica
ted by largo windows, which wore open at
tho time, with thefrontpiazza. They wore con
versing pleasantly, undone of them was play
ing the piano, fearing no harm, although tho
Jiuud of the family was absent, axuliUoiu irao
not a male servant about the premises, ■,
Suddenly an uncouth looking object, about
six feet high, and dripping with water, came
bounding over tho fence jumped on to the pi
azza, aud precipitated ;hiinself headforemost
through Tthe window into the room. The
queer intruder proved to be a big, brawny,
red-headed Irishman, naked as he was born
who, planting himself in the midst of the ter
ror stricken, horrified shrieking women,
bawled out: “ Give me a suit of clothes I”
Hero there were cries of: “ Get out you
villain ! get out, you nasty boast 1” together
with mure shrieks, as the women hid them
selves behind curtains, chairs, sofas—any
where, to shut out tho shameful object before
them. , ..
• To nil of which he only lea ponded : “Give
me a suit of clothes and I’ll get out of herd
fast enough. If you do not I will not stir.”
The upshot of the affair was, that the la
dies were actually obliged to furnish the fel
low with a suit of clothes belonging to the
absent head of the house. Never did man
show more joy in receiving or celerity iu don
ning shirt, breeches, boots, vest, coat and hat.
Nor did ho linger a moment, cither to return
thanks or to offer insult, but disappeared as
mysteriously as he camo, to the unmeasured
relief of shocked female sensibility.
The next day it was ascertained that the
model artist was an escaped convict from
Blackwell’s Island, who had managed to got
off and swim the river, and took this auda
cious method of providing himself with citi
zens dress. The disguise was successful, and
he-was not retaken.
The family alluded to above begin to think
it don’t pay to lire in Ravenswood, and are
going to remove.
The story was too good to keep, and some
how leaked out in the neighborhood.
Our informant says that, if any follow
wants a good . blasting, let him ask one of
those girls for “a suit of clothes.”
New York Beggars. —The number of our
street beggars or professionals, it is impossi
ble to lorm more than an approximate esti
mate—say about ton thousand. Of those,
about seventy-five per cent, are boys and
girls, ranging from six to twelve years of
age,-and—the—rest-are -blind,-maimed;—and
puro-professionals—the latter class number
ing probably about fifteen hundred; These
boys and girls are mostly sent out by parents
more or less poor, and that not because it is
impossible to procure employment, but upon
philosophical principless. A bright, invent
ive youngster will sometimes gather from
four to five dollars a day, in pennies and
small currency, although the general average
is not more than from one to two dollars per
day.
The amount of money male by the .profes
sionals, wbuld, in fact, astonish any one un
acquainted with the annals of beggary. Home
of them oven amass tolerable fortunes —say,
amounts varying from five to ton thousand
dollars; and many a skinny old crono, who
gets your penny out of pure commiseration
for her misfortune, is worth more money than
the doner will over succeed in amassing by
honest labor. . .
A_case occurred to our notice up town some
weeks ago, in which a very benevolent mar
ried: lady, waa in the habit of of
those pitiful creatures into the house occa
sionally, and regaling her with a fresh pup
of Hyson. Things went on in_this way swim
mingly for some months, and the old lady
lived in clover.. One day, however, the be
nevolent lady’s husband observed his wife’s
“ very pious friend” enter a place of business
net far from hia own, and a little investiga
tion developed the fact that the friendless old
woman was the mother of the proprietor, a
gentleman of fortune and the owner of a
block or two of houses in a paying part of the
metropolis.—JV. Y. News. -
A Man Bitten dv a Decapitated Rattle
snake.—Terrible Suffering of iheViclim
One of the moat extraordinary oases of the
effects of n snakebite of which'wo have heard,
occurred last Saturday at’Br Us Prairie in the
northern- part of this county. Mr. Jacob
Schuster, a farmer, was engaged iu.mowing,
and in swinging his scythe, severed a rattle
snake a few inches below the head. Ho
then, promoted by Curiosity, proceeded to ex
amine, the reptile, and approached it for that
purpf so,'supposing it to havo been rendered
harmless, when it instantly throw Us bead
about and fastened its fangs in his thumb.
He throw the snake oil' by jerking his hand
violently, and immediately his whole system
received a shock from the venom infused in
to it by the snake. His arm swelled rapidly
to four times its natural size and became of
a dark color. 1 'He was seized with vomiting
and purging of. blood, and it even- oozed
through the pores of his skin, and large blis
ters filled with blood covered his arm and
hands. His ngony was intense, nnd ull ef
forts to relievo him were futile, and it was
found necessary to call medical aid., A mes
senger was therefore dispatched to this city
for Dr. Staples and he immediately repaired
to the residence of Mr. Schuster, arriving
there early Monday morning. He found him
suffering greatly, and though the case seem
ed hopeless, made every effort to'counteraet
the poison which was spread through his sys
tem. When Dr. Staples left him,,at about
noon on Monday, the patient was somewhat
easier, bub there whs little expectation of liis
recovery. —Dubuque {lowa) Herald, July 11.
O' What is that which is always invisi
ble, yot never ont of sight? Tho letter I.
When is a man like a tea-kettle before it
is on the boil 7 - When he is going to sing.
What is a man liko in the midst of a des
ert, without meat or drink? Lika to be
starved. '
Where are balls and routs supplied gratis
On the field of battle. . 1
What is everybody doing at the same .time ?
Growing older.
” Why are (Jeep sighs liko stockings ? Because
they are hoigho’s [high hose.] -
Why is love like a canal boat?' Because
it is always transporting.
“OUR COUNTRY—MAY IT ALWAYS BE RIGHT OR WRONG OUR COUNTRY." S
fFrom the Easton Argus.]
A TRIP TO VIRGINIA,
Wo have just returned from a thrcc-wcck's
tour to Bichmond, Lynchburg. and other
points in tho State of Virginia. Thinking
that a synoposiu of what fro saw and - heard
along the route of our trip might not bowith
uut interest to our readers, wo publish the
following notes from ourmemorandum hook:
Left Easton on tho morning,of the 24th of
•Tune and reached Baltimore the same even
ing, Tuok the new line of Steamers down tho
Bay and reached Fortress Monroe next morn
ing at 8 o'clock. -Wo had on board tho boat a
number of federal and several hundred rebel
soldiers, the latter on their way home, hav
ingjqst been discharged from various Union
prisons. lion. John M. B‘>Us, a well-known
Virginia gentleman formed one-of tho-com
pany. Air. Bolts was one of the few public
mon in Virginia who resisted tho rebellion,
having maintained his position as a Union'
man through all the foarfuhscones of tho last
four years. lie is a good-looking, floridj-facod
gentleman, genial as a companion.’and frank
. and candid m the expression of his opinions.
Air. Bolts is said to.a. seat in the
United States Senate from tho old Dominion,
so soon as a now legislature is elected. ; Ho
was formerly a whig-in politics and has no
great love for the abolition party. “ I was
in hopes,” said ho, “ that when this rebel
lion, which I have never hesitated to denounce
as the most causeless ami wicked rebellion
ever inaugurated in any country, was ended
and slavery: abolished, that wo would be rid
of the infernal agitation, but I believe if
there was a nigger in tho moon the d d
abolitionists would bo after him. They have
succeeded in forcing upon us Southern peo
ple for support, millions of helpless foeok
creatures who have no conception of what
freedom means and no idea of what their
fate is to be in the future. God only knows
what is to become of them.». X have soiuo
forty or fifty women and-children on my
place. ’Here is a bill of $250 for goods pur
chased iu Baltimore; $175 of which I expen
ded for shoos and clothing for X am
fortunate enough to hayo tho means to. cfo
this, but I know hundreds of my neighbors
who are destitute. Their farms have been
devastated and their homes destroyed. They
have no monoy to fecdand.clothe themselves.
They can't feed these negroes and unlessthe
government does it,, they will Not
content with this the abolitionists insist on
giving tho negroes the right of suffrage*—
The infernal fools know, so little of the nig
ger that they have no : idea of the practical
working of this new scheme. Here is Mr.
William Allen, who ofrna 16,000, acres of
land along this river, whose estate we have
been passing for tho last three miles, and
who had 1,500 negroes. Probably'7oo of
these are now on his plantation. They are
an uneducated, ignorant race, but little above
.the brute creation. They have heard of
George Washington and Andrew Jackson,
perhaps—they have no doubt heard of Air.
Lincoln, hut they have never heard of Thom
as Jefferson or James ,K. Polk. Now, sup
-pase-thoae-poor-poople—aco-glven a vote.—
There are two candidates for President. One
party says to them, “ boys, you must vote
this ticket—this is tho right ticket." An
other party says to them, don’t vote that
tiejeetr-this is. the. tight ticket." _ln their
perplexity they go to their master, in whom
they have confidence and .whom they baye
learned to look upon as tho possessor of a'l the
wisdom in the land and they say to him,
“ Master, wo have a vote—one party comes
and says this is the right ticket, another par
ty comes and says that is the right ticket.—
Now, what do you think? How shall *.we
vote?" The master replies, vote for Jeff.
Davis. They obey him and Mr. Allen casts
seven hundred votes. I know another planv
tor in Virginia who employs five thousand
negroes and every one of them would vote as
he desired. The abolitionists are the great
est fools imaginable for trying to force this
thing of negro suffrage on the South and if
they over succeed, in violation of every con
stitutional obligation, they will regret it the
balance of their Uy.os, The people of Vir
ginia are willing to, return to the Union—
they accept the result of tho war and want
peace. But«fchoy ask the North to allow the
South to manage the negro herself and nob
add to her afflictions by interfering in mat
ters on which they are profoundly ignorant, B *.
After much more conversation of a similar
nature tho party separated to.take ,ft look at
Fortress Monroe, which we wore approach
ing; .It is Here that Jefferson Davis/is con
finedi It is a formidable, fortress, frowning
with cannon of immense, calibre.
The estates along the Jaimes river (or
“ Jeoms” as the natives term" it;) were for
merly very fine; but 'four years of war. has
made sad ravages and where once stood mag
nificent mansions, the homes of wealthy; re
fined and hospitable Virginians, are now to
bo seen nothing but blackened walls and
chimneys. There' are many points of inter
est along the James river, which increase as
wo approach Richmond. . Here is the plan
tation of the rebel General Pickett, whoso di
vision fought so bravely at Gettysburg. Hia
house is in ruins. Hero are the remains of
the old Jamestown Church:—one of the first
in the country. lam ashamed to say it was
burned by some of our soldiers. It is inter
esting to look at the . stronghold, Fort Drew
ry, now dismantled and grass-grown and the
long lino of rebel fortifications, which extend
for thirty miles over hill and dale. There
seems to be no end to thorn. No wonder
Richmond could not bo taken from this di
rection. Here is General Butler’s observa
tory, which, from the Bermuda side of the
James, roars its skeleton from high above
the forests and overlooking, like some horrid
ghost, the desolated country from Urewry’s
Bluff to city point. Suoh of tho residences as
were not. burned seem deserted, ; A melan
choly interest will for all time to come, at
tach itself to the James river. It will be
come an historic stream. Reached Rich
mond about three o’clock, P. u. After reg
istering my name in a hook Jrept for that
purpose, at the wharf, I took a stroll through
the city. -IJaw-tlie famous Libby Prison and
Castle Thunder. The Richmond of to day is
not tbs Richmond I saw six years ago. The
beat part of tho city—the business portion, is
in ashes. It is Sunday and the streets are
alive with negroes of every hue and shade.
Here is the wench spreading herself in all
the cheap-finery and flummery within reach
of the negro. Here is the swinging buck en
joying his “ freedom” in white pants and kid
gloves; The scene looks like a negro fantas
tic.parade or a walking comic almanac. Im
mediately opposita- the hotel at: which I am
stopping is. St. Paul's Episcopal Church.—
It is a.largo and beautiful building. In tho
Capitol ig a ,very lino lifo-sizo original por
trait -of Gen. Washington; , Took a stroll
Ihrough tho oharmingCapUglgrounds, gazed
once moro on tbs'statutes ot. Washington,
Jefferson, Mason, Clay and. Patrick Henry,
and then accepted a teat kindly tondorod m’e
CARLISLE, PA., THURSDAY, AUGUST 3, 1865.
in St. Paul. This is the church in which
Jefferson Davis and Gen. Lee worshipped! It
was here that Mr. DaVis was first'notifiea of
the retreat of Gen. Loo. The General was
hero this morning but did not fill his nedus
customod seat this evening, so that I foiled
to see this groat Captain of the age. Gen.
Lee is idolized by this people. His picture
is in every house, public and private. Tuoy
love hiiu as no man was ever loved before.—
The church is crowded with the beauty of the
city. The'music is very fine. Bishop John
lends the services, A mure fashionably aiid
extravagantly attired audience I have never
seen in any northern city., The people are
said to bo poor, very pour, but there is cer
tainly no indication of poverty in tins church.
I hui told by my landlord that mur.y of ; these
ladies are from the North! the wives ot Nor
thern officers. Perhaps so.
Next morning'.!, took a stroll through the
Richmond market—luiiml a plentiful supply
of moats and vegetables at lower prices than
in, the Northern markets, -j Beef, 20 cts., now
potatoes, $2 a bushel, blackberries, 5 cents a
quark, huckleberries, 5 cents, batter, 30 cts.,
&0., ike.- These prices are siiid to be so low,
in -consequence of the groat scarcity of mon
ey. Passing through Grace street, saw the
residence of General Lee.. It is a neat, but
plaiii-looking house, which was (entered to
him by a number (if citizens of Richmond.
He'jcelused to accept it; although tlie war
left him quite poor—so poor that ho sold his
favorite white horse j.,.j .earned him
tl.roogii oie'war, iu order to raise money to
support liis family, On his refusal to receive
the property, a deed was made out in the
name of Mrs. Lee, entered on record aud
word sent to her that she might as well oc
cupy the house, as in ease of refusal it would
stand empty forever. The family then mov
ed into u. I hear that General Leo proposes
settling down on a farm in Cumberland coun
ty. Several huge farms, well slocked, have
been tendered to blip hut he-.decUnes all of
fers of that kind. A groat many little inci
dents are related, illustrative of the charac
ter of tliis'groat man. Daring the war ho
made it a rule, at all times, to share the
hardships aud privations of the common sol
dier. The faro of the humblest private in
the ranks was his fare. On one occasion an
officer ot raqk called af his quarters. Gen.
Lee invited him to dinner. When his faith
fill negro cook! brought.in the dinner there
was no meat., Loo , said . to. him, (‘John,
\vhore is the bacon?” The negro replied,
“ dis is not moat day, sir.” “ But when we
have 1 company you should raise a little moat,'
John,” and he was, about to dismiss the cook
when the visiting officer detained,him and
said, “ Gen. Leo,allow mo to ask your servant
a question.” “John,” said he, “these
greens were cooked with moat —how is that V
“ Yes air,” said the cook, “ they wore;
while I was preparing dinner a gentleman
came along who had a piece of meet, and
thinking it would improve de greens, I bor
rowed bis meat and left it in do pot long
enough to flavor do greens.” Oa another oc
casion a dozen bottles of I’ort.wirio wore sent
to Gen. Lee while ho was slightly unwell.—
He used one bottle and distributed the rest
among his sick troops. lIU self denial :was
-Very-great. —The-sufferings-of- the C uife(cr
ate army during the yery great.
An intelligent Colonel (or
weeks subdfaled on cileries and b«rieb!itßka'-
that ho had gathoied, arid that ho had fre
quently dealt out to his 'barefooted men nn
oar of raw corn per day. A man who
could succeed in raising a 1 respectable break
fast once in three days was cousiJercd a very
fortunate individual.
I ulso took.a walk to tlie residence of the
late President Pavia. ; It ia avery handsome
mansion, now occupied by Gen. Terry. • The
upper part of Richmond is very beautiful.—
The houses.am largo and expensive, with
very largo lawns around them, filled with el
egant shrubbery. X w.ept through Libby
Prison and Castle Thunder. The latter is a
d o try-looking place, blit, Libby ia., not half
ao bad its has been reproaontecl. It is a very
large, well lighted and wall ventilated build
ing, formerly used as a tijibaceo factory.
The people of lyiehmond'look sad and de
jected—they,are proud in defeat. Thefc ,is,
no intercourse between the citizens aud the
federal aoldiers ; —none whatever. It is plain
to. see that, though subjugated they have no
love for the North. I fear the present gen
eration. never will bitvo. Many of the,old
est citizens, have dicd since the evacuation,
broken-hearted inen ; . One of-the. .moskre
spoofed residents was on the street and ( ’on
seeing the fire in due end of the oity find the
federal army entering the other end, he tell
down dead. The hotels hero are well kept;
though at rather steep prices. -
Left Richmond -at six in the morning for
Lynchburg! over tlie Southside Rtiilroad.,! It
was for the possession of this road that-Gon.
Grant fought so long .and sacrificed so many
thousands of inon. Ho finally succeeded.—
The utter exhaustion ol the South is in noth
ing table apparent than in the cdndition'.'of
her railroads.' The truck of this rqad is worn
out. The few; passenger cars still hpro ate
ragged and- dirty, without glass ini the' win
dows or cushions on the seats. The rolling
stock looks rusty, broken down and altogeth
er uuserviceabla. About the Suuthsida de
pot at Richmond are teu locomotives terribly
crippled. The ride from Richmond to Lynch
burg is tiresome. The worn yut engine puffs
along at the rate of about live miles ap hour.
Wo finally roach Burkesvillo Junction,
whore we find about two thousand federal
soldiers on their way homel About five hun
dred rebel soldiers are going the other way.
The contrast is groat. The Union soldiers
look happy and clean and have a fine band
of music whiob is playing a lively air. The
rebels look ragged and sad, though many a
good face is seen beneath an old hat and un
combed, uncut hair. The soldiers of the two
sections mingle freely with each other and
talk pleasantly. There ia no disposition
ahowii by the victorious party to taunt or in
sult the men they have conquered. 1 At
Burkosville the railroad facilities end lor the
present. Geu-Lee on .his retreat, tore up
the road and it has not been repaired. We
are obliged to make 18 miles in an ambu
lance. The country all ulong this routs is
one yast scene of destruction. Lee on bis re
treat and Grant and Sheridan on the pursuit,
left sad traces of, their march behind them.
Houses are burned down, the fences are all
gone, tall grass and weeds are growing whore
once were smiling fields of grain. , Head hor
ses are scattered profusely along the road,
which passes over farm after farm without
regard to the rights of property or former
land marks. Passed the rifle pits and fort!
floations at Amelia Court-house, Sailors Creek
aad Appomattox, where Lee made his final
stand and subsequent surrender. Wo final
ly reached Fannvilla, a pleasant but very
dirty Virginia village.■ The single-hotel hero
has been well described by a, correspondent
of the World. The bugs marched about the
bed-chambers by platoons and regiments.—
■Finally reached the defences of Lyucbburg
aud passed unmolested into the city, tbo last
iii miles pu a Canal toaV
Wo had-for a travelling companion t ,from
‘Richmond, a very intelligent gentleman who
had been a Major in the Confederate army.
He was a citizen of Richmond and gave mo
much valuable and interesting information,
lie attributed the immediate failure of their
cause to the want of means mote than the
want of men. ; The money of the country be
came so depreciated that it was almost worth
less. /The importation of many necessary
articles from Europe vraa not only very troub
lesome but exceedingly expensive. The Con
federate government frequently paid as high
as $5,000 in gold to experienced blockade
runners for a single round trip! No nation
in the world could long stand such a heavy
drain upon its resources. Their soldiers had
not been paid oft' in twelve months, and all
this time their families were starving at
homo. As a necessary consequence the men
became dissatisfied and demoralized and the
officer* found it impossible to keep up any
sort of discipline. • As the Confederate ter
ritory was retaken by the federal armies the
men residing in ihe re-captured districts
would desert and return to thoir homes.—
.Gen; Leo had but 35,000 men in the Entrench
ments around. Richmond and Petersburg
when. Grant made his final assault. The
North will probably never believe with how
small a force the South carried on this terri
ble war. This officer went on to say: “We
entered on this contest determined to have
our independence or nothing., We succeeded
in getting nothing: Wo accept the result.—
Wo ackuowdodge that wc aro a subjugated
people. We fought until our resources were
exhausted and until we wore overpowered by
nuirfbera. Wo acknowledge the United States
to bo our country* although it cannot be ex
pected that we can ever have s any love for the
Union. We have no attachmorifc for the Uni
ted States, government. All we ask is to be
allowed to make an honest living and to
manage the negro in our own way.”
In speaking of the Union army lie said he
thought the ledoral army was the best equip*
pod add best provided fur army that the
world produced. He stood for throe days
looking upon the federal forces as they pass
ed through Richmond and it was wonderful
to see the endless procession of well-dressed
and well-armed men, the substantial wagons,
the thousands of fine mules, the handsome
harness, Ac,, &c. Ho seemed to be greatly
impressed with the resources of the North as
evidenced by the appearance of her armies.
He told mo that their distinguished leader,
Oen..Loo, never had but two wagons to car- ,
ry all his baggage and books and that of his
staff. Gen. Leo often wrote hia Jespatchos
on a plain pine table under a tree, without I
oven a common tent to shelter him from the
winds. If Gen. Lee had a single fault it was
his humanity and goodness of heart. The
confederate armies never hud any regular
tents. They erected temporary shelter when
ever they encamped, lie contended that in
the beginning of the war the lebel cavalry
was far superior to ours, but their horses
gave out and they had none to replace them.
The federal cavalry became irresistible and
the best branch of the Union army. The
rebel artillery, on the contrary, was ably and
efficiently managed. There never jvas any
-soiirci ty—o f-cnmnon“or~aramurrillun - in Clio"
Soutii and no want of inclination on the
of the .people.to stand by tho cause. The
-fathers parted, with millions of bushels of
grain without any renurnoration. They'made
groat sacrifices. Many families robbed them
selves of almost every thing, oven to the last
morsel of food to sustain tho army.
In answer to a question we put to tho same
officer as to the condition of the people of
Richmond he assured us that there was much
suffering and want in the city. People who
before the war were wealthy are now.penni
less. He know gentlemen who were worth
from three to. six hundred thousand dollars
who are now obliged to borrow money to go
to market. Some of these people may recov
er from the shock, but others are too lar ad
vanced in life to begin anew. Tho same may
be said of tho people all through Virginia.—
Exhaustion is written on the whole land.—
Tho entire population had their surplus
means invested in government securities or
Confederate notes, bank stocks, railroads and
other corporations. All this is a dead loss.
The people have no good money or attest
very little. Their supply of provisions is,
short. First the Confederate government and
then the federal stragglers took all they hud,
leaving them in many instances without a
pound of meal, a peck of corn or a particle of
meat. They have land and nothing else.—
Until something to eat can be raised on thoir
farms, there must bo much suffering. Some
of tho formerly wealthy people in tlie towns
are compelled'to draw rations frora tho gov
ernment. Fodder for horses is very scarce.
The poor animalsaro fed just enough to, keep
them alive. There is no strong food to give
thorn. Many poor people come a distance of
forty miles to draw rations from the govern
ment, Ido not believe any country on earth
has over been so completely ruined as .Vir
ginia is at the end of this war. To make
matters worse tho federal soldiers stationed
in the country seats of each county, behave
very badly. They scatter all over tho coun
try in squads of five and six; plundering tho
farms and houses of tho people, robbing the
fruit trees and gardens of the only resource
the people have to sustain life. Many out
rages have boon committed. A few weeks
ago throe soldiers went to the house of a wid
ow lady in Amherst county, who was suspec
ted of having specie in her house and deman
ded her gold and silver and watches. She
denied having any. They pointed their pis
tols to her breast and threatened to shoot her
if she did not give up her valuable property.
She declared they * would have to shoot her
as she had none,* Finally one’ of them went
to a bed and with a knife ripped open tho
mattress and feather-bed and discovered two
watches and a small.quantity of gold. Even
now the market wagons are daily stopped on
the streets outside of the city of Lyuchburg
and robbed of all they contain. I spent sev
eral hours in the Provost Marshal's office at
Lynchburgj and during that time at least a
dozen citizens entered complaint that their
farms had been stripped and thoir market
wagons plundered on the highway. General
Gregg, a Pennsylvanian, does all he cane to
prevent these excesses, bub acknowledges
that many of his men are uncontrollable, and
where he can trace out the offenders he deals
out severe punishment. A.respectable gentle
man of Lynchburg entered complaint of a rape
on tho person of his daughter by a negro I
All those things have occurred since tho war
is ended and are daily being repeated, it may
bo imagined that tho people do not learn to
love the government that sends them such
defenders. A single soldier is now stationed
at each farm house as a guard. The great-;
est evil of all, however, that hasTjofallen this
people, is tho sudden disruption of the social
relations existing, between them and-their
slaves. .The government.declared them free.
Tho negroes did not know;what this meant.
; At first they imagined that “.freedom” was
i a perpetual* Sunday to;thepi. ftiid tliaV they
would to fed ofcd' 1 — ■
uj mo ftoyornmout.
Their conduct was outrageous and intolera :
bio. of ray acquaintance told me
she had six negro men who, one morning,
told her that they wore “ free”, and did nut
intend to work any more. She requested
them, if that was the case, to leave the plan
tation. This they refused to do, declaring
that they had a right to stay there, that half
the land bolongod-to them and that she was
hound to support thorn. The old lady sent
fur a military poasoe to escort the obstreper
ous darkies to jail, whore it required about
one hour to restore to them the little sense
they ever had. Someof the negro men think
“freedom” is a confounded humbug—that
they are not as wjsM off as they were before.
And that is thdftruth. Free to go vliore
they please, they lie around in idleness, leav
ing their wives and children to be supported
by their lormer masters, who cannot support
themselves.
And hero the great difficulty commences.
Just at this point wo aoo tho practical effect
of tho immediate abolition of slavery. Oov
eepment sajrs to tho slaves, “you arc free.”
The master replies to Sambo, “ very well, I
am agreed. But if you .leave my plautation,
I wont you to take your wife and ten chil
dren away from here. I,do not want them."
Sambo can’t do this. He has no home, no
land, no money. In his dilemma he goes to
the nearest military station and says to the
United States officer, “ what shall I do and
where shall Igo ?” The officer replies, “ you
must go back to your master and po to work."
‘‘ But master don’t want me.” Tue answer
is " your master must take you." Tho Uni
ted States government finds it has caught an
elephant in tho negro and- don’t know what
to do with him. For four years we have been
carrying on a war to make Sambo (fee and
when his master tolls him to go and enjoy his
freedom tho government stops in and says,
“ no, you must stay where you are.” Is this
justice? -Take another ease: A farmer said
to mo, “ I had fifty negroes on my
Elevcn cf tho able-bodied working uiou hare
gone to tho yaukoos. Out of tho thirty-nine
remaining, seventeen are under twelve years
of ago, tho rest are old men and old women,
some eighty years of ago. Deprived of the
laboring portion of my hands, how am I to
raise corn and moat enough to supply my
ovvu family and feed aud elutho thirty-nine,
helpless negro women and children? The
government refuses to receive thorn, aud if
they remain on my plantation they will
starve ns sure as the sun shines. Such is the
i prospect before me." Tho negro will ho tho
greatest sufferer by tins state of things. Du
ring tho summer months ho cau lay out iu
tho woods and livo upon berries and fruits, i
or hang around the camps of our soldiers aud (
food on hard tack aud fat. pork, but when '
winter comes he will discover that ‘ freedom’ I
is not what he supposed it was. Ho will i
then take to stealing and become a curse arid
a nuisance in every neighborhood. If these
abolitionists who have been brawling for the
abolition of slavery for the last twenty years
could spend a few weeks ia-tho South and
sec how they have bene/iltcd tho negro, they
would, if they are honest men, confess that
they have been greatly mistaken. Thou
sands of negroes have the good sense to see
and appreciate their condition. They soo
that it is “ root, hog or dio" with them —
work trigger or starve. This class have re
turned to their homos and begged their for
mer masters to allow thorn to work on tho
same terms as they did bolero.. At present
society is in a very disorganized condition.—; ,i
Tho whole country is overrun with strolling* :
negroes and deserters from both armies, wno
appropriate to their own use, everything they
cun lay thoir hands on. All tho crops of the
field, fruit, poultry, sheep, and even beeves
disappear at night from tho plantations.
...Tho farmers arc disposed to adapt them
selves to tho now order of things. They pro
pose to cut up thoir thousand.aoro farms into
two hundred acre tracts and introduce white
labor. Tho pe iplo acknowledge tho superi
ority of white labor and uro nnxiouk to bo re
lieved of the negro altogether. Whoa civil j
law again resumes its sway in this o.ld Com- |
monwoalth, I think ouffy will stand V fair ]
chanco of being legislated out of the S ate.-
The insolence, laziness and dishonest habits
of tho negro will insure this result. At pre
sent thousands of them are idling away their
time in tho woods, living on blackberries and
such vegetables ns they, can steal, but when
winter comes upon thorn they will starve and
freeze to death as sure as fate. I saw one
old colored woman and her family of ebildron
who had actually taken up thoir abode in a
locomotive that ha 1 been thrown off the truck
on tho Tennessee llailroad and permitted to
lay there,
"Lynchburg, before the war, was a thriving
and prosperous —nay, a. very wealthy town.
It was the largest tobacco market in tho
country. It contained four or five Banks with
largo capital. Perhaps 20 per cent, of this
will ho saved from tho wreck. It is estimat
ed that there tiro now eight million dollars
worth of tobacco in tho Lynchburg warehou
ses. But there will ho no more raised. Tho
planters say it cannot bo. made a profitable
production with hired labor. Tho town now
contains many poor, who, together with somo
hundreds of worthless, idle negroes aro now
fed by the government. Tho federal officers
aro very severe on thoso negroes who refuse
to work and throw thomsolvos upon tho gov
ernment for support. There is but little
charity shown to that class. There is a fine
opening at Lynchburg for a National Bank.
I find that tho ex-Vice President of tho
United. States, Oou. John C. Breckinridgo,
ranked high as a commander in tho rebel ar
my. lie is very much beloved and highly
spoken of, especially by thoso who served
under him. Ho was- bravo as a lion, fearless
and talented, handled an army well, and al
ways led his men in perron. I have hoard a
number of those who wore iu his command
say that when Breckinridgo led them into
battle they leit confident of success. Long
street was considered a slow and more eau?
tious General, but a Very pood fighter and a
very competent officer. Gen. Stuart, _ who
was killed in the last year ol the war, is re
presented as bravo to fault, full of uaturrfl
resources, but very imprudent iu exposing
himself to_tho fire of tho euetay. Ho lost his
life through his imprudence. Ha was an
able cavalry officer. So wasWado Hampton,
the fearless and hot headed South Carolinian;
whoso fine form made him as splendid look
ing an officer os ho was dashing rind impetu
ous, Stonewall Jackson is said to have been
tho only officer who ever strictly and an-,
flinohingly carried out Loo’s orders. He was
a strict disciplinarian and showed bfit little
feeling for.lns men. He would march them
forty miles a day to gain a point and go into
a battle at tho end ot the journey. It. will
bo remembered that after the battle of Fred
ericksburg tho federal forces had possession
of the town, although they had been fully
beaten in tho afternoon. With the Rappah
annock rivor behind thorn and tho rebel for
tifications in front, the Union troops wepe ,in ;
iJ n critical condition. Stonewall Jackson 1
! I that fhri r-?r .’ • iJ: L.goa
uiiny auould mako a nij;Ut at
• took ftuVfoioe tue Yankee* iuto i'j* nT»r.—.
Ilia associates objected on the ground that ths
men would boqorao mixed up in the darkness
of the night and would kill each other instead
of tho enemy. '• Strip them to the waist,”
said Jackson. . His plan, however, was not
adopted, and tho federal troops recrossed the
rircr in safety. Jaokaon Waa a very eccen
tric man, but Gen. Leo pronounced him the
best executive officer ho had in his army*r
•Col. Moaeby’a men wore more flush of good,
money than any part of tho rebel army.—-
They pounced upon llailroad trains and oc
casionally picked'up a.fedoral paymaster, by
which means they kept themselvea well sup
plied with greenbacks. Mosaby, previous to
tho war, was a lawyer of no great celebrity,
residing at Culpepper, where ho has resumed
tho practice of his profession. lie has.estab
lished a name that will give him a prominent
place in the history of this war. Gen. Joe.,
Johnston is regarded as a very superior man
intellectually aud a remarkably fine officer.
As a General ho ranks with Leo in the esti
mation of the Southern people and it is now
regarded as a great error ever to have remo
ved him from his command in tho Southwest.
There is much sympathy felt for Jefferson
Davis. I have yet to hoar the first po’rton
speak unkindly of him. If ho is bung or
driven from tho country, tho present genera
tion of Southerners will never cease to hat*
tho North, her people and her government.
Those Northern merchants, principally
Jews, who have brought goods to the South
to dispose of, Und business considerably be
low their anticipation, If they were disposed
to take blackberries for their pay, they might
sell goods, in unlimited quantities, but mo
ney, in tho language of thb country, i*
“ mighty fkace." The scarcity will no doubt
ooutiuue until another good crop is grown.—
The present limited crgps of corn and wheat
will hardly do more than furnish the bar*
necessaries of life. Even the wealthy plant
ers of former times have to content themselyo*
with food aud raiment. 1 heard a lady say
“ there was one consolation all wero poor,
alike." Many people in and around Lynch-.-
burg refuse to take greenbacks in their eve
ry day business transactions. There is con
siderable silver in circulation. I assisted a
young lady to unearth a large gourd filled
with copper pennies which she had buried pa
the approach of Hunter’s force in 1804. All
tho silver ware in tho vicinity of Lynchburg
was and much of it is still buried, The peo
ple bear their misfortunes with a cheerful
ness that is as creditable as it is remarkable.
1 have seen families who lost thousands—
who gave up everything in support of a causa
they believed to ho right—all. their horses,
cattle, throe-fourths of their produce, all their
carpets, oven their piano covers for blankets,
who now lose in addition all tho money they
had on hand, nil their Bank and llailroad
stocks, to say nothing, of thousands of dollars
they had invested in Confederate bonds, and
yet they seem entirely cheerful. They .regret
tho loss of their property, but more , the loss
of their cause. No people on oarth were ever
more devoted to a cause or fought more
bravely for its success, or made greater sac
rifices, in its defense than those Virginia!)*
did in behalf of thoir’s
Aud what surprises
derfuf confidence they had in the ultimata
success of their undertaking. They do not
seem to have entertained the nmst remota
idea that they could possibly fail in achieving
their independence. Of course their disap
pointment was very great when they found
all their hopes blasted. They had not formed
[O proper estimate of the power -and the. re
sources of the groat North. It now becomes
the duty of the federal government to taka
those people by the baud—to treat them
kindly—to encourage them in tlio work of re
construction—to assist them in developing
their resources and improvingtheir condition.
Let them see and fool that the great North
regards them as friends, not as euomios, and
much of the hatred that has been engendered
by four years of war will die out. The past
mus be forgotten. Harsh means will do no ,
good. These people have been sufficiently
punished for the orrorof their waye.. Let the
policy of the-administration bo a kind and
forgiving one and the present generation may
yet enjoy all the blissiugs of a united coun
try —knowing no North, no South, no Hast,
no West.
. A SEWsmix Negro —A f.-iend furnishes us
the following as the substance of a speech
made by a negro man in a neighboring town,
on iho 4th of July :
My Colored Friends :—l belong to the same
man I belonged to when I can first, remem
ber. He has always treated me kindly, and
ho is a perfect gentleman, and T om a gentle
man, because I have always tried to, do my
duty to, ray master. I expect to stay with
li'nu as long as wo both live. I intend to do
the very best for him I can, and feel that in
promoting his interest I am doing but good
service to myself.
Now, many colored people are of the opin
ion that the way to bo gentlemen and ladies
is to have nothing to do. Now 1 ,tell you,
people that will do nothing will cut a poor
figure in the world after a while, for they will
have nothing to go on-. No true gentleman
is lazy. If you wish to bo gentlemen and la
dies you must work, and in order to do this
successfully you m'ust have something to
work with—you must have a home, land, and
means of cultivating it. If yog leave- your
former masters you can’t have these. I have
no doubt you have ail the necessaries of lifo
in greater abundance than you can have af
ter you leave yhur masters.
My advice is for you to go home, stay there,
do all you can to please mid profit your mas
ters, mid Heaven’s richest blessings will coma
upon you.— Charlotte [N. 0.) JJariocral,'
(£7* Tho Now Yort Express, in spooking
of the silence of the press in reference to tho
murder at Washington, on tho 7th instant,
says:
“ The hanging of a woman .by soldiers in
time of peace, is a deep and damning die
grace to civilization, and the press keeps ns
silent, as possible* in order uut to increase
that disgrace.”
Fref.dosj I —lt is officially .stated that the
mortality, of the negroes along the southern
coast and the Mississippi river for the last,
four years,, amounts .to more than 25’ per
cent, of that population in 1860. So .much
for nogro freedom.
I£7* A correspondent of tho New York
Citizen revives the story of Stanton’s resig
nation —on the ground of needed rost and ill
health. Yes, the poor, dear fellow is' very
“ sick.” Ho ought to-be “relieved” at once
and then leave the country. -
(£7“ the Supreme Court of Wisconsin'has
decided that the law of oonjgress requiring
stamps on legal.papers, either; at .the begin
uiug or dfhot ot ft suit, ia : unbonstitu
i The Court might have gone farmer
«*
♦ ■-
NO. 7.
ingor ia tin