VOL. 50.
AMERICAN fOLUNTEEII
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|WicaL
WEODI.XG WORDS.
A jewel for my lady's ear,
A jewel for her finger fine,
A diamond for her bosom dear.
Her bosom that is.mine.
Dear glances for my. lady’s byes,
'Desn* looks around her form to twine,-
D«ar kisses for tho lips I prize,
llor dear lips, that are mine. *
Dear breathings to her, soft arid low,
Of bow my lot she’s made divine ;
Dear my lave that show-
For her whoso love is mine.
Dear,cores lest clouds should shade her way
That gladness only on her shine, - . .
That She be happy as the May,.
Whose lot is one with mine.
’Dear wishes hovering round her life,
. And, tending thaiight, and dreams divine
To feed with perfect joy the wife
■ Whoso happiness is mine.
ffiwellanemisf.
ASDIiIL LIFE.
The-French correspondent of the Times
gives hn account of some Cxperiments.reoerit
ly iniido in Paris as to the most humane
mode of depriving'oxen and other animals , of
life, 110 says that “ the conservator of the
Paris slaughter houses, being of opinion that
■ tho mode of slaughtering oxen by knocking
them on the.head with a heavy metal instru
ment iritist cause the' animal excessive pain,
endeavored to discover another mode to avoid
this suffering, and at the same time to pre?
serve the slaughter-man from the danger to
which tlrey are exposed in , the. performance
of this disagreeable duty. lie thought.that
enervation would accomplish this object, and
this opinion was founded on the . doctrine
i taught by.physiologists,- who assert that the
separation of the spinal marrow.ut onojilej?-,
kixii’a— wore tried
on more than one hundred oxen, and it was
demonstrated that, although‘the ox was more
. quickly put to death,lbis sufferings were not
the less excruciating, inasmuch as his entire
vitality was preserved, and death did not en
sue until after ah agony of fifteen or sixteen
minutes. These experiments were repented
on calves and sheep, and, in place of merely
cutting: the'spinal morrow, tho head was
separated front thgTiody, in order to observe
tlie degree of vitality - -Which would still re
main in each of tho separated parts. A calf
was suspended, and a butcher’s boy cut his
head off with a knife. This operation was
. accomplished in a quarter of a minite. The
' head was immediately placed on a'table, and
it lost two ounces and a half of blood in tho
space of six minutes. During the first min
ute; all the museels of the face and neck
were agitated with rapid convulsions, and
during tho two following minutes the convul
sion's assumed another character. The tongue
was stretched out of the mouth, which opened
. and closed alternatively ; the, nostrils opened'
:,as ;if the .-.animal, experienced a difficulty
,of breathing. ,‘Thc ounv.ulaioria became.more
; active . when ,t|io tongue ..of unostrils • were
i pricked.with a needle. When the hand: was
: applied to tho month or nostrils, respiration
~w:js,folt.to bo continued by the air entering
-gild coming out. When a finger was brought
..within an inch of the eye, in the direction of
tho pupil, the eye was quickly closed, as if it
.wished to avoid the touch of the finger, and
the same result followed at several intervals.
At length'the eye did not close until the eye-
I lid was touched. It was remarked that tho eye
remained closed ns long tho finger re
mained in contact with it. These pheno
, mona became gradually weaker, and ceased
entirely after four minutes. Even then,
when tho spinal marrow vvas pricked with a
needle, the convulsions recommenced in the
entire face, tongue and eyes. After the
sixth minute all contraction ceased. While
those experiments wore being performed, the
body, ‘which remained suspended,|wns greatly
agitated. The agitation ceased gradually, and
. was replaced by.fceble contractions, .which oon
t lined moie than an hour. Butthis Was always
observed, in whatever manner the throat was
cut! Forty calves and fifty sheep wore .de
capitated, and they all .pregoiit'sd. ijjo' same
phenomena. .The 9s tlie))Pnris slaugh T
teahouses ocrivlnqed'hiriiself by these oxperi
j.'iepty (hat,,an ox suffered more by being do-.
Capitated than'by being struck down with a
iheavy bar of iron ; and that tho bar, by
(producing an' immediate stupefaction, pre
■ vents the animal-Irom suffering, while the
dileoling, immediately effected, deprives
diim of life before tho bead recovers seusa-
Uion," ,
It ia obvious that in this record of the ex
periments, the painless nature of reflex move
■nients is not properly considered ; and the
'experimenter should procure the assistance
‘of a good physiologist in oider to explain the
'Character of the result observed. In that case
die will probably arrive at very different ooii
■clusions from those above stated. —London
Lancet.,
fl@“An exchange says'; “ We are indeed
.a happy, elegant, moral, transcendent peo
ple. We have no masters, they are all prin
cipals ; no shopmen, they are all assistants ;
no shops, they are all establishnients; no
servants; they are all ‘ helps no jailors, they
ere all governors ; nobody is flogged in pris
on, ho merely receives the correction of the
house; nobody is ever unable to pay liis
debts, ho is only unable to meet his e'ngage-
n >ents ; nobody is angry, he is only excited ;
uobody is cross, he is only nervous; and,
astly, nobody is drunk, the very utmost you
an assert is, that “ he has taken his wine."
A Priest was called Upon to,pray ovor
■ J W r J|en fields of his parishioners. He
I sscit from one .enclosure to another, and
his benediction, until ho came
his' un P ron 'ising case. lie surveyed
ilio mi 10 . acl ’ oa in despair. ' “ Alii” said
/Cficds m'auuvo'ri' 110 1,80 ■ to W this
political.
The True, National Policy.
THE ABOLITION POLICY AND THE
'• UNION AT THE WEST.
Letter from Hon. Emt'isoii Eth
eridge to Citizens of Memphis,
Tennessee.
Washington, D. C., May -IS.
Gentlemen.: I have just, received your
letter, of the 7th inst., inviting me, in behalf
■of.tho Washington Union Club of Memphis,
to join in a public celebration of tbp .anniver- ,
-sary of the surrender of that city to the
federal arms. Yon also speak kindly of my
past . efforts to induce tho people of West
Tennessee to consent.checrfuly to “ the resto
ration of the national authority throughout
the. South.”
If I believed that by meeting you on the
occasion referred to I could be of Service
to a single honest ltiw:abiding citizen,, or
truly reponotant rebel, or that I could con
tribute, to tho least extent, in ending tho wav
• and restoring the blessings of peace under
..the Constitution, I would certainly attend.
But I Have no such faith-in myself, and
therefore I shall not go. ■
■ln your letter you express the opinion that
by a direct, personal appeal” .1 might
*’ encouaraae'the loyal or.roclnim thodisloyal.”
I confess iny astonishment at such a state
ment; and I can attribute this opinion of
yours to nothing bat a failure on your part
to comprehend the masterly policy of our
great and good President and the wise states
men who aid him in shaping and directing
the civil policy of tho government.. When
you have fully studied and understood the
grand • purposes of our most Godfearing
and law-abiding President ; when you are
more familiar, with the. profound military
(strategy which, as Commaudcrdn-Chief of
tho Army and Navy of the .United States,”
ho is now- displaying ; and when you further
remember the astonishing .success we have
had In reclaiming pnf " misguided country-:
men;” and in , conquering our “ wayward
sisters,” I shall bo amazed if you continue to
believe it necessary to. “ encourage the loyal”
or “ reclaim tho disloyal.” Why encourage
the loyal ? Is it possible they need enomirager
mont in Memphis, where, for nearly a year,
you have been inside . the federal lines.?
whore eveiy night tattoo is substituted for
“ Hush 1 my baby, don|t you cry,” and at
reveille " Hnih Columbia” arouses the people
to a consciousness of the the great security
which is afforded to th o property of the loyal:
people'in 'Memphis, and “all the country
round that (political) Jordon.” How can
you or T “encourage the loyal” when our
matchless President, tho lute Congress, Ins
•age counselors and his peerless military
subordinate, have already p.itu; an.d.prpnused:
uH which' wlsir&m' cun- euguostl whleb our
sacred Constitution authorizes, and which the
••Christian religion tolerates and approves?
There-reinains nothing for .-us to do, unless it
,js to- obey our incomparable President in
all his wise measures to conquer a glorious
peace. True, we have among us croakers
and Copperheads—silly, ' brainless men,
—'who are so unwise and ■•'"unpatriotic as
to question the wisdom of oiir .indefatigable
President. If yon have any such in Mem
phis, you should at once denounce them
as in sympathy with the rebels ; you should
scud, them to their friends “down South,” or,
to the Dry Tqrtugas, .which is, pndejritiiod'
by many’-to be* a-place where‘everybody
is tortured with thirst for rifle whisky,' and
nut a drop can be obtained. No good. Union
man will complain of tho 'conduct of the wise
men who direct our .pUulie affairs. They
should be taught to remember that scandalum
magnaium was formerly a,high crime—it is
a. m6st.,lipnio.us offense ,now—and nothing
saves such copper-colored wretches hut the
Christian charity of our most pious President.
At your proposed meeting yens.hori'ld so ar
range matters as to secure a ,list of all who
tail to attend or omit to render a suitable
apology, and you should adopt resolutions of
thp mosf“ loyal” kind. Allow mo to suggest
that the committee on resolutions be selected
from- contractors and office holders. I par
ticulary suggest one Cooper, who has hee"n
recently appointed assessor for the large,
rich, and populous district of West Tennes
see. lie was, originally from Now York.
True, ho was never in West Tennessee until
saut from this city on his official errand, but
he no doubt knows by intuition tho true
value of the goods and, chatties, lauds ami
tenements, &o.', people be never
knew, and a country, in which he never
lived. Bathe is so loyal—so-much .so, that
I doubt nut he is bet'er fitted for the office
than any one of tho native-born .sons, broth
ers, or fathers of the thousapils of .soldiers
which, before the 22d of last September,
AVest Tennessee had furnished the federal
army. . Let the committee imitate the
“ Loyal-Dengues" of Baltimore, and resolve
that you not only approve all the present
wise and patriotic administration’ liavedonc,
"but .that you will sustain and uphold it
■in everything it mag hereafter do. Let the
committee make an elaborate report, accom
panied with, resolutions denouncing all who
find fault with our most excellent President.
Por instance, the last Congress (in July,
186*2,) passed a law to confiscate the property
of certain rebels. That Congress, though a
very wise body, did not possess as much
aggregate wisdom as our great and good
President. In proof this we need but refer,
to the fact that the Congress aforesaid provid
ed that, under this law, trial should precede
conviction and forfeiture, and that guilt
should be proven, not presumed. Worse
still, it offered an amnesty to ropenetant reb
els.; it mercifully gave them sixty days in
which to accept it, and provided further that
our most noble President might suspend, for
a period, the operations of this law as our ar
mies advanced .southward. so as to afford all
an .opportunity "to a'ceopt pardon. Worse
still, this law actually applied to no one but
rebels, . And it is astonishing that it applied
Id them everywhere, North and South-fin
Springfield, Illinois, as well as ..Springfield,
Tennessee. But worse still; it did not want
only affect the rights or property of Union
men, women and children, or lunatics, iu any
section of the country.
. .That', Congress, as it may seem, did not
perceive that the way to end the robollidn and
restore affectionate relations between the
sections was to place the Union men, women,
and children, and the insane upon a perfect
footing of equality ..with the' vilest traitors
in the land 1 That Congress believed that the
crime of refusing obedience to the usurpation
of j. Davis & Co., in Mississippi, Arkansas,
North .Carolina, and' elsewhere, amid the
terrors of a military despotism, did not merit
the same or worse punishment than that
they had denounced against titled and official
traitors ! That Congress opared the women
,and children :j; shso. jqfclellflafl $991 jkgtTO;
Union men who still adhered to the national
symbol of protection 1. What weakness ! But
Congress had adjourned; What was to be
done ? Think heaven our sagacious President
was found equal to the occasion. You will
perceive, that on the first of January last,
under . this so-called confiscation law, tho
slaves of every rebel in the United. Slates who
had not.accepted tho amnesty therein provid
ed were de jure free. But how were we
to end this rebellion if the Union men,
women, and.children in the so-called Confed
erate States were loft in undisturbed posses
•aton of all their legal ‘ and constitutional
rights? If tins policy were adopted, the reb
els .might become angry .with these “monu
ments of federal mercy,” and ip .that-event
the spared monuments.aforesaid might, cling
more : closcly to the fcde.rrtl flag. This division
among the people might cause a more unhap
py state of affairs down in Dixie : our friends
there might have to b.esu'iadditional indigni
ties. As before remarked, our merciful and
considerate President was found equal to the
crisis. In a lo’ng conversation ■ with some
inspired apostles from tho saintly City of
Chicago—-a place where Onderdonkihg mnd
other worldly amusements arc unknown —-the
President candidly confessed that ho was en
deavoring (he did not state the.means) to
ascertain the will of the Lord upon this
difficult.question ; that so soon,as he learned
the Divine pleasure ho 'vexdly would do
the will of the Master who sent him.. The
revelation came, doubtless -“by due course
of mail.” Judging, from that “.which is
written,'”it amounted to this: that in portions
of Virginia and Louisiana, in Dcloware, in
Maryland, in Kentucky in Tennessee and'
Miasuuri, it .was lawful for traitors who had
accepted the .amnesty provided by the confis
cation buy,:fend all oilier persons, to hold
-slaves ; but.that in the tide-water regions of
{Virginia, and in . that portion of Louisiana
which had not been consecrated ip slavery by
the military occupation of General Butler , as
also.in North-Carolina 1 ,. South Carolina, Flori
da, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkan
sas, and Texas, it should no longer bo lawful
for the . Union.-men, women, and children to’
hold our African fellow-citizens to service or
labor. And yet there are those of the “ Cop
perhead persuasion” who profess not to see
the Wisdom of this groat master-stroke-of our
most noble and exalted President. Sirs, did
it not immediately divide the South and
and unite the. North ? Were' hot our camps
forthwith crowded with countless myraids of
bold arid ardent recruits? Have not “our
American brethren of African descent” crowd
ed by thousands into our ranks, inspiring our'
soldiers with a wild enthusiasm, and render
ing night vocal with tho songs of enfranchis
ed Dinahs and muling and puking Sambos' ?
And have not our arms been victorious.every
where since the dawn of tho negro millenni
um of 1803 ?
I know that nion like General M. Brnynmn,
who commands in-yunr. vicinity (at Bolivar,
Tennessee,') are guilty of übsunliLiesof speech,
,\vli;c;l) I, ii'.inl ..tlm en-uiv.o:i ■ “i' yur- -sagacious
nt,ciu-ciii'.ir complaint and criticism.
iJf’nr''■ instance, ,yn ,tbo ;I4th of. Inst- March,
that officer, thqri' in ..command at Bolivar,
wrote.ns follows, jn .regard to the .Proclama
tion of Freedom! with which our illustrious
and far-seeing;President greeted the advent
of the new, yiiar : “ Tho loyal man is eqoally.
helpless w.itli the'disloyal—in fact, more so ;
for tho rebel takes his slaves South, op hires
them in. the army in which lie•hiinsc.lfservea,,
while the slaves (if loyal mem flee to our
camps; beyond reclamation.' Under this pro
cess the .rebel holds ■ bis • slaves by carrying
them, into a state in which they are declared
,/Vsc, while- the law-abiding citizen loses his.
iby (retaining -them in a State where it is
lawful to hold them. As it is now, the loyal
ty and yood conduct of . these men avail them
nothing.”
In speaking of the elevating effects of this
system upon our armies arid the negroes,
General Bray man shocks our sensibilities by
the use of such language as this: “Their
expense to tho government'is enormous. It
requires soldiers to guard them. They sicken
and die in crowded and filthy corrals. They
become debased and demoralized. They de
base and demoralize the army.”
■ Now among the resolutions you will,adopt
at the Memphis meeting there should, by all
moans, he one censuring General Drayman
for the use of language so insulting to " our
follow-citizens of African descent,” and so
justly calculated to.iripouse the slav6-o«‘nera
in Terinessee who have so stubboruly refused
to join the rebels. '
■ Why, sirs, thisjiqenso of speech must he
suppressed. What . right' hjiv.o inon__ -who
do not support the present wise and efficient
adpiinistpatio.n to .criticise, its policy or the
consequences of it? .Within the last few
d.ays.l have hoard persons in this city—in this
ciipitol which boars the. sacred name of
.Washington', and which for theprosent is the
home of our illustrious chief magistrate —
dr.w seemingly invidious distinctions be
tween the,fate of Jesse D. Bright, of Indiana,
and that of John M. Botts, of Virginia. How
my blood “ boiled with pious indignation”
when, a few days ago, I hoard a certain indi
vidual of 1 ,lio straightest sect of Ooppcaheads
discoursing thus ; ‘‘ Jesse ’D. Bright, of Indi
ana, vvas expelled from the Senate of the
United’States last year, charged with trea
sonable practices. lie then owned a farm and
negroes in Kentucky—still owns them. lie
accepted the amnesty provided in' tpe so
called confiscation law which passod-Oongress
last July, He is now proposing to accompa
ny his family on a .trip of pleasure to Europe,
leaving his large properties in Indiana and
his slaves in Kentucky under the protection
of the law. John M. Botts is just out of
” Libby,” or some other confederate pr'son,.
whore he was incarcerated for his devotion to
the Union And his undying hostility to the
so-called southern confederacy. Ten days ago
his slaves were enticed within the lines of
our armies in Virginia. M r - Botts demand
ed that they v bo surrendered or returned,
and received for answer, direct from .Wash
ington, that ho had no, right to them—-that j
our wise and law-abiding President set them
free. 1”
I confess that when,-I heard this Jong and
complaining rigmarole, I was indignant at
this person’s stupidity. Ho could not see the
wisdom of this wise*policy of oiir most-noble
executive. Ho was almost,as incorrigible as
James L. Pctigru, of South Carolina, who,
when he read the grand proclamation of the
most illustrious successor of Washington,
took the oath of allegiance to the confederate
government, and oftebod his piVivate fortune
to the rebels to aid them in making war upon
the armies of the sublimest man of modern
times ; of Nelson of Tennessee, who, .with
sops in rebel captivity.’ published ,p.n .appeal
to the People of that. State to take up arras
against onr freedom-loving President ; of
jlouston, Henry, arid others, who jriimediato
ly went over to the rebel cause. Away with
nil such mod. A good Uniop man loves his
country per sc. lie cares nothing for liberty
or property, fame or fortune, consideration
on* contracts, oflioo or opinion, The true,test
'.lf.ffjS’Ply.fSi" j is luo greatest, wisest,
“ OUR COUNTRY—MAY IT ALWAYS BE RIGHT—BUT RIGHT OR WRONG OUR COUNTRY.”
CARLISLE, PA., THURSDAY JUNE
How is recruiting now.mAYest Tennessee ?
U’ast summer only a fow-'thousand enlisted in
■ ourranks, but very few,! believe in Memphis.
You were so amply protected within the
lines that you quite forgot, ! fear,'the.sorrows of
those who had riot, yet had an opportunity.of
greeting the flag which brings certain securi
ty to loyal men, women',- and .children ; such
inevitable protection to property, including
such trifling.nrticlos ns-negroes and cotton
bales. Hurry up the volunteers. Give tho
.He to.'thuse who intimate that Tennesseans
will-not go into tho Gulf States to fight for
their brethren of African descent. True,
most of our citizens have sons, daughters,
sisters, fathers, or brothers there, but they
ought never to have settled so far south.
! Besides, when you have scoured freedom
to our African fellowmttizcns south of us,
you may possibly have the honor of taking
part in carrying the samq bdon to a similar
class in Tennessee and Kentucky. T doubt
not our .noble .President will in due time
adopt suitable means to Ascertain the will of
■tho Lord in this behalf. .Indeed, it seems to
have been made known rilrendy to some
of the lesser lights. Last week a, grand
convention of tho loyal-wimien of America,
.assembled in the City of ,Jiuw York. Each
delegate bad conceived—an idea ; arid under
the inspiration of the grefitpeeasion, they have
commanded our magnificent. President to
proclaim freedom, throughout all ends of the
earth. I doubt not, at, the proper, time,
lie will so proclaim ; and the twenty thousand
troops which hia’escellency Governor Andrew
Johnson was recently .authorized to recruit in
Tennessee will soon be ready for, the good
work of giving practical, freedom to our.en
slaved fellow-countrymen, male and female,
of African, descent, .lYlien that time comes
Memphis will. bp .a lovely city. Its walks
arid its promenades will-be illuminated by
the smiling faces and .tint brilliant eyes of
tho graceful rind acpptyplished sons and
daughters of Lincoln ririjj, Liberty ; of Dark
ness-and -HabOiiiriy.- 1 Tori'-i,Xiur terme conatl
-tution-'and law, diitn -tiVoso oYiliUnoia*. and
other-loyal-" States, will not? perriiit free
negroes to come within-our Sprite; nor enfran
chised slaves to remain there ; but from mili
tary necessity, my ns a high' official express it,
V Irani tho ex' necesxiialG rci of thc thing,”,
they will no doubt ,be permitted to remain.
Tim. plan recently adopted in South. Carolina
of selling them the lands of-tho rebels might
ho adopted, and thereby Memphis soon be-
come “ a varigated city.” Our white and
colored brethren and sisters might thus fur
nish an example of that “ freedom.and fra
ternity”' which', so many unhappy northern,
spinistors sincerely regard,as the only moans
ol compromising the present unfortunate dis
tinction of color. .. ..
You should by all pteans pass a resolution
in favor ol giving such i-obcl farms and' town'
lots ds.are ugt needed for our colored breth
ren to pur Christnin friends of the North
who desire, to live among their colored friends,
particularly to that numerous and respecta
ble class Who think .that both t;;>ces will he
improved by a cross of the Anglo-Saxon upon
the pure Guinea.' “ When .this cruel ear is
over" how our psalm-singing brethren from
the Church 6f the Puritans would enjoy a
conlederate farm on Pig Black, Red river,
the'Arkausas’ or,Pontchartrain. When the
rebels are disarmed how meek and l.owly, do
cile and penitent they .will be, while behold
ing our northern brothers occupying their
mansions and illustrating the beauties of
General Banks’s apprentice system I With
what, impunity General Butler wguld ride
from his plantation on-Moon Lake to his
rauc.he uuJJeer Creek ! Then would bo made
manifest tbe absurdity of those Copperhead
croakers who foylishly insist that while mili
tary power can put down a rebellion, moral
power alone oiin eradicate its consequences
and keep It down. It is true they cite the ex
ample of Vendee, which, in aiea, is only
about ouc-fortieth part ol Prance. There, wo
admit, the peasantry believed their 'religion
was endangered, and. history records that
they defeated six or seven of the best appoint
ed armies which the French republic, in that
warlike age, could hurl against them. 1 It is
also true that afterwards, when Curuot was
made Minister of War,-ho quieted the people
by assuring them that.thfiy should be .undis
turbed m their religious faith. These mis
chievous fault-liuders, to give further force,
.to their insidious assaults upon our worthy
President, point also to Poland, in which the
flies of rebellion'are over burning; but they
forget that the Czar of all the Russians is in
all respects inferior to our noble President,
and is wholly ignorant of the truq moans of
quieting a disnlfeotod people. It never oc
curred to the aforesaid Czar that to squelch
a rebellion effectually the cause must,be,re
moved. llu the studied the history of rebel
lions in this country ho would have disoqvdrod
that we always ascertained the cause, the evil,
the sin which gave a pretext to the insurgents.
Far'example.: During the administration of
General Washington a portion of the people
of •Pennsylvania gat up a rebellion about
.whisky. It was crushed out by “ ooortion,”
'but the sagacious statesmen of that day de
termined to strike at the cause. .The result
is that the people of that noble Common
wealth have over since eschewed whisky and
turned their attention to contracts. Nothing
is now known in that State of whisky, and
though Mr. Buchanan used to recite some
traditionary stories of “ Old Rye”" ti> the
junior members of his Cabinet, it is well
known that the sight of a bottle of pure Mon
ongahela .was as repulsive to his nAture As
ice water to a mad dog. Subsequently, while
General Jackson was President, iho people
of South Carolina revolted at taxation because
some demagogues called it high tariff,' and
.asserted that the monitor “stole money from'
their unconscious pockets.” The rebellion
however, was “subjugated” by the military
power Of the government, and the cause—
taxation—of course abolished. No tax-gath-
erers have been known since in South Caro-
lina. At a later day, during the adminis
tra ion of' .John Tvlcr. of the linn ot “ Tippe
canoe and Tyler too” some unwashed Dem
ocrats' in -isiftll.4 f 01 l)f tiiSS if
and best of mankind ? Who is the first natur
al military genius of the world? Who doeth
all things wisely and Well ? Who should bo
elected President ns lofig ns he will accept
tho office ? If to all those inquiries the res
pondent answers withjtv firm, unfaltering
voice, Abraham Lincobv, Usq., ho .may be set
down as a good .-Union, nnm, fif to join a
“jLnyal League,” reoeivoa contract, accept a
commission or office,and to vole. But, if,
like.Crittenden ofJCentueky, ho is ever talk
ing about the Constitution and such wornnut
themes, be ougfit.not ,to i be trusted for a mo
ment.
A U,niqn man .must have an abundance of
in the saving grace of our exalt
ed President—faith that he will yet prove
the political Moses to lead our armies across
the Rappahannock—fai.th that under his
leadership, couhlvfie die induced to' take
the field, the of rebeldom would,
•flee frum' Marye’o hi 11;anq/ drown themselves,
like “ possessed” :awifi]e, in the adjacent
strerm. .
8, m
insurrection against the sovereignty of that
large and populous State. The army and
navy of the United States, by a fiearty co
operation with the “loyalists” of that day,
soon overthrew the insurgents. 'Their pro
visional governor—Thomas W. Dorr—was
captured, denied tho right of a “ belligerent,”
and sent to the penitentiary.
Tho Democratic party, the cause, was abol
ished, as all subsequent elections havo shown
throughout the United Stales, since when mi
speck of rebellion has .been J:nqwn within
the .vgst limits tf that loyal State, ■ffhore
bpllion in Utah, which occurred during the*
reign of the Old Public Functionary, is too
recent to be forgotten. Theoauso is no doubt
fresh in tho mind of every maiden lady in
tho Loyal States. .-The Republican instincts
of our people would not tolerate a monopoly
in heaven’s “ last best gift to man.” Gen
eral Albert Sidney Johnson was .sen t to Utah
with instructions to conquer tho conjugal
spirit of Brigham. The Mormon war ended
gloriously, to our arms. Tho caysc was, re
moved. Harems are now unknown ag.ong
the latter Hay saints, and Brigham, like some
lone bird without a .mate, '‘refuses to be
comforted;” Jn Europe, protracted .and san
guinary civil wars have.often resulted from,
differences of ..opinion in regard to. the true
.mode of construing the Bible, amLespecially
cbneerning the operations of the Holy Ghost.
They have failed to ,abolish tbe.'one or deny
tho other; the result is that few countries in
Eurofo maintain the quiet which usually
“prevails” along the Rappahannock.
It should not be overlooked ; that our pop
ple were very igngrant or they '.would never
have been deceived by the treasonable eno-,
mies, North and South, of our noble Presi
dent.
lt was falsely charged that bo and bis party
friends did not desire to suppress the. rebell
ion, without first subverting tho rights of the
, Sfates ; freeing all the slaves and - elevating
them to political equality with the whites.—
Our people, being of course very ignorant,
believed those false; scandalous, and mali
cious statements ; and ainong the resolutions
you will adopt rit your meeting there should
bo one thanking bis excellency, our most ap
proved President, fur the effectual means be
has adopted to'gho strength and moral power
to the Union-men and women of the So.utji,
while at the same time he fias shown how
wickedly false as libelc.ns were the allegations
of southern traitors and northern Copper
heads that he intended to'use the army and
navy to,abolish''-'slavery. The Union men of
the South-will gratefully cherish tho name
.and memory of ono who, by a scrupulous re
gard of- bis official and other pledges, and bis
manly adherence to tho Chicago platform,
lias vindicated tho truth of all the pledges
which froiu time to time are made on his
behalf.; and the traitors and. Copperheads Ivho,
thus falsely charged our great and good
President with designing to subvert the in
stitutions of tho Southerri States must hence
forth hide their faces in shame.
Yim should by no mearisjiiUto,adopt with
wild acclamation, mingled with.a fow . Ytuliv
hallelujahs,” a.resolution .severe!/ denuncia
tory of those who criticise our military ope
rations, or show impatience (it the tardy
movemonts.pl.oiir armies In South Carolina
and .Virginia, .filuoli oHtfoisijii gives tho rebels
“..aid ami comfort,.” arid though it may not
lie felony without benefit of clergy, is, never,
theloss, what'Mr. Polk stigmatized as P moral
treason,” ri crime which our nohio President
and other' jVliigS of that day were compelled
to. “ dry up” djn-ing tjio war with Mexico.'
Oui - present military discord is but “ har
m'ciny,.when understood.” We are abundant
ly able to beat the rebels whenever w.e try.-
At present we have them completely surround
ed—crowded into a small eiroumfercpce of
not more than six thousand miles. Our ar
mies are guarding the outposts of this. con
tracted line and everywhere daring the pu
silanimous butternuts to “ pierce the centre,"
hud the ragged wretches “take the dare.”
We have forces at Galveston, Now Orleans,
-Pensacola, .Hilton -Head, 'Newborn, -Suffolk,
(all is quiet on the Blackivater,) Fortress
Monroe, on the Rappahannock, at Baltimore,
the lines of.the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad,
in along Western .Virginia, in Kentucky,
Tennessee, Missouri, Fort Smith and at
Vicksburg, in the very heart of rebellion.—
How long can the rebellion exist when thus
circumscribed? In addition to.all this. Ad
jutant General Thomas, a native of “ my
Maryland,” and who Just year was charged
by the malignant tongue of slander with be
ing a secessionist and a traitor—following
where such noble men ns Butler, Brady, Dick
inson and other old friends of Breckinridge
dare to load—is now in the Southwest organ
izing,the loyal blacks, who, it is understood,
are impatient to be led against the barbarous
hordes of Lee and Beauregard. Northern
philosophers, women aiid divines who regard
the African as the best moral .representative
of the human race, and those who have seen
the sturdy mastiff quail before the perfume
of the skunk, do npt believe the dhlieate
nerves of tho rebels will bo able to withstand
a bayonet charge from these American sol
diers of African descent, if made when the
state of the thermometer indicates cutaneous
activity and corresponding perspiration.—
Time, however, will soon settle this disputed
question.
You should further denounce all who com- 1
plain of the Army of tho Potomac. It has
been in no sense a failure. If has aehevod
mure than any arpy .in.ar.oient or modern
times has 'accomplished, under similar or
equal difficulties. Its bravery is unquestioned,
.and injustice is done to its generals. True,
MiClellan, under tho influence of northern
Copperheads, aided by such Republican fo
-gies as Thurlow Weed and backed by the
'stupid graduates of West Point, was fast be
coming a favorite with the army and tho peo
ple ; and it was gravely hinted by some of
his bolder adherents that ho might.be used
by the Copperhead fraternity to supplant our
illustrious President in 1804. Besides, Gen.
M’Clollanhad commanded the Army of the-
Potomac long enough. “ Rotation in office”
is a sound political axiom. Ho was therefore
retired, although still a favorite With the
brave men ho* so long commanded. General
Burnside’s career has been an eminently
brilliant one, and the same may bo said ot
Gen. Hooker, who, I prosumd' will soon re
tire upon the laurels ho has so nobly won.—
But in all this thore.it strategy I ’tis the re
sult of that superior genius and wisdom of
our President, who, ns “commander-in-chief,”
moves inferiors on the military chess-board
with a skiirwhioh excites the admiration of
nil who are truly loyal to the administration.
No harm can result.frotp all this. -We have
an abundance of leaders feady and willing
at a moment's notice to lead the Army of the
Potomac to the rebel capital. We have in
reserve Butler, Phelps, Bustecd and Lane,
to say nothing of Col. d’Utssy who, like Ma
homet’s coffiin, is still suspended between the
heavens and the earth.
I Took in vain among the names attached
to your letter for one which recalls a familiar
face. J do cot remember that I over hp.d
the. honor of ft personal jvjth
any One of you, although, in former times I
knevy many of the leading citizens of Mem
phis, amongwhora are not a few who are
stnUardently in favor of a restoration of tho
Constitution. I regret to find none of them
associated with you in the proposed demon
stration. But I will indulge no complaints.
V/herover ouf armies have secured a perma
nent lodgment in tho South4-as at Rilton
Head, New Orleans, Newborn, Nashville and
Memphis—tho northern friends of our most
excellent. President have supplied us abun
dantly with most disinterested men and wo
men, whose loyal tongues are beard in melo
dious tones wherever wo “ hold, occupy and
possess" a cotton or contraband settlement
in-tho confederate wilderness.. Look at Hil
ton Head, where the tender maiden; and
tougher matron of, the North mingle upon
sisterly terms with the Palmeto African
ladies of,South Carolina. A bountiful issue
of tractsand catechisms will no doubt soon
be followed by an improved issue of contra
bands—not so white as the pure Anglo Saxon,
not.so.filaok no tho normal African. Jn a
fo.W.years they will ' • ‘ < '
“ Walk in.beauty like the night -
Of cloudless climes and starry skies ;
And all that's bent of Hark and bright
Meet in their aspect and their eyes.”
In North Carolina, Charles Henry Foster,
Esq.-, originally from Maine, and a warm
political friend of Breckinridge, has organ
ized a Free Labor Association, and Governor
Stanley has gone hack to California in dis:
gust.. In Nashville we have a regularly
organized abolition society ;.its organ 1 .la the
same as that of the State and federal gov
, eminent, and the editor, though, imported
from abroad, is doing Inore to sustain .the
glorious administration of President Lincoln
than any native born citizen of the State can
do;. This abolition society, and this abolition
newspaper, although conducted within, .the
fortifications of the city, is doing .po doubt
very much to induce : tho people of Middle
Tennessee to ceaso all further opposition to
the wise, gentle, and constitutional rule of
our distinguished chief magistrate.
In Memphis the harvest is a tomptingone.
With cotton at a'dollar per pound, and likely
contrabands," lying about lopse,” our enter
prising northern friends who love the Union
and wish.it preserved under the guarantees
of the Constitution may make “ a go.od thing
of it.” Already I hear of several who.have
farms in Kansas, lowa, Illinois, Indiana, and
other," loyal States,” which are .how. well
tilled by negroes who once belonged' to’ tfao
Union men of the South. Facts like these
will tend greatly to the restoration of pence
and harmony, and materially aid in removing
the prejudice.which, the pehple of the insur
rectionary States have entertained against
their northern kindred. They now know that
the war is not 1 to bo so conducted as wantonly
to deprive them of any portion of their
property ; and they now have positive proof
that, Southern secessionists, and .northern
who charged that the war was
to be finally vAged against the South .os fl
section, instead of the rebels and their allies,
are guilty of falsehood. Furthermore, there
is a large party at the North who have per
sistently, refused t 5 regard the Afric.an.as the
beat representative of the human race. ’ This
influx' of,negroes will do, much to .qjrange
their opinions, and. by the soinp ’ means
southern manners and customs will become
gradually introduced north of the Ohio and
Potomac, rendering our people much more
hoinogenous than in former times. Thus
wo will again-.become a united and loving
people. Tbe lion and the lamb, the contrac
tor and the contraband,.will lic downtogoth-.
er, and then the millennium will have come.
Excuse the haste with which I write, and ’
accept assurance of.my highest.regard,
■.Very respectfully,
Your obedient servant,
Err. Etheridge,
To Messrs. J. M. Tomeny, G. D. Johnson,
and others, Memphis, Tennessee.
Civil and Military Power,
Views of judge Duel 1 on the Usur
palions of the A diuiiiistration.
ITlarl i:i I Law Cannot bo Estab-
Ilslicil In llic Loja< States.
The Courts to be Upheld b/ Force if
..Necessary:.
Tho Albany Aryns publishes the following
interesting letter from Judge William Alex
ander Puer, L. L. p., author of “ Lectures
on the Constitutional Jurisprudence of the
United States," and formerly President of
.Columbia College. The letter is one of tho
ablest expositions of the peculiar condition
of the country wo have seen, and the sug
gestions it throws out and tho advice it con
tains are well worthy tho serious considera
tions of our podjjlo. We presume the letter
was addressed',to the .Albany .-Mass
Democratic meeting:
Gkmti.emf.n : -I receive some time ago your
letter inviting me to attend the public, meet
ing called to vindicate the right of tho peo
ple to express their sentiments upon political
questions. It was not in my power to ha
present at tho meeting, and illness has pre
vented me until the present moment from
answering your letter. I answer it now,
though late, both to explain my apparent
incivility, and also because I think that in
the present crisis no loyal citizen ought to
shrink from tho expression of his opinion.
Tho action that has taken place since your,
meeting was held, convinces mo that it is the
intention of the President and his advisers
I to 'crush,opposition to thejr acts by means of
j force and terror. .For this purpooo they have
established and do now actually enforce mar
tial law in several loyal States, an'd Uiejriwill
doubtless do the same in Now York and eve
rywhere else unless they are made to know
that the people will not submit,to.it. "
To many persons tlio words “ martial law”
dp not convey any very definite idea. They,
know that it is something very harsh and
rigorous, and summary, but they suppose
that bears some resemblance to, all other
laws of which they have over,.heard or rend,
in this respect at least, that it defines offenses
and fixes their punishment. And I cannot
but shppose that many of those who clamor
fur its establishment are ignorant that it is
nothing,in the world but the’ absolute arid
unrestrained will of a military, ohioftaifa'.—
Permit mo, then, to give a description of
martial law upon the authority of the high
est judicial tribunal ot our country. The
language is that of Judge Woodbury in de
livering the opinion of the court in a case
determined by the Supremo Court of' tfi'oj
United States. “JBy it," say the court, “eMs
ry cifizetif 'th9
of known and. fixed, laws as to his liberty,
property, and (ife, exists with a rope round his
neck, subject io befung up by a military des
pot alike next lamp post Under the sentence of
some drum-kear court-rkiiril'al.’’ :
It is truo that the Republicans'have reason
to boiieue that they will be safe'froih the hof
rors of this law under a Republican admin
istration. No Republican or abolitionist has
yet been arrested, imprisoned; or banished,
.and they may reasonably calculate that none
ever will be. Such persons gre perfhitted’ to
stigmatize the Constitution as a league .with
hell, and insist that the war shall.ba prosecu
ted, not to restore the Dirion, but to destroy
it, without being regarded as' ghilty-of any
"disloyal practice." The only sufferers, so
far, have been Democrats. Indeed, the very
purpose for which the establishment of mar
tial law is sought by tbe managers of thO
clubs and leagues is to destroy the Democrat
ic party. wo.find it declared in an offi
cial document emanating from the War De- .
paftment Hipt to support the ; Democratic
party is to support the cause of thfi rebels.—
This'terrible engine, then, is to bo set in
motion by one political party fpr tho peraa
.oution of pnother, arming neighbor against
neighbor, and sotting issues in every house
hold. The machinery is prepared. Already,
the secret societies are in motion, bound by
what oaths, I know not. That, who
design these things design all their dreadful
consequences I do not believe ; but they know
little of human naturoandlittleof history who
who cannot discern tired). Under a single deS
,'pot there isequality; from a single despot there
•may be hope of escape.' But the worst (orhi
th at despotism oan.nssuine Is that of the tyraii
:py of party over party; audifariythingcan add .
to its horrors it is,when the doinititint ( faotioa
is inflamed by fanaticism and led by priests.
, What matters it that these men are consci
entious, that they act.under x: sense of duty,
religious duty ?’ I do hot impeach their
motives. The more oonsciencious they are,
the. worse. All fanatics are conscientious,
and, it is this that, makes their tyranny, Of
all tyrannies, the most insufferable.
. What we can and ought to do, beyond-.the
mere expression of our sympathy, in. aid of
our oppressed countryrae’h iri Ohio. Kentnoky,
and Indiana, is a subject upon which it ihay
'be ab -well at prfesent to say nothing, , Let us
wait the bourse of events. Wo haye aii
immediate question to determine for ourselves,
and that is whether wo will permit the es
tablishment of the same species of govern
ment in our own state:—n government which
not only ho Englishman and ho -Frenchman
would endure, but against which the Very,
lazzaroni of Naples would revolt. I do nut
speak of exceptional cases 'of air extreme
public necessity, such as wo nifty imagine
though their occurrence is hot at all proba
ble ; but d speak of systematic dots, done
under claim of right, without necessity, upon
false' pretences—acts which are. not only
flagrantly unconstitutional, but utterly sub
versive of liberty end -of daw; r.nd of which
.the.manifest jteridspoy, if ;pot th'aipnvpose, ie
not to maintain the Union but to destroy it,.
I am sure that we will not submit to’.' thin,
and we ought to say so plainly. '1 have he
faith in. any petitions, prostedts, or remon
strances that fall short of this. Thero is
danger in leaving.the President ignorant Of
our purpose. lam not sanguine enough to
hope for anything from his sense Of justice or
respect fhr the law. The ptfjversthrft control
him,'whether spiritual or - ferestrial,’ will ,do
toVus .whatever we will suffer,, hut are not
likely to attempt, that which they know wi)
will not suffer. . '■ ' ’
A- 1 the same time.l deprecate all resistance
that is not strictly constitutional. Letiisnot
only .’submit.toibut support all, proner author
ity. The President claims the constitutional
power to establish martial law over the'body
of the people in the loyal States. We deity
it. Let the courts determine the question.
Tho judicial authority is vested in the courts,
and not in tho President, the Congress, or the
armv. It is ns much the duty of the, Presi
dent ns of any private citizen to submit to
that authority. If ho resists if ho becomes
an usurper,.and may himself he lawfully re- ’
sisted. And oh the other hand, if any court
or judge, acting under the forma of li>.w, shall
sanction his monstrous assumptions, lot us ii. '
turn submit ; not because there may .net Hi
judicial as well as executive usurpation’; null
tho same right in extreme cases to*resist tho ■
one as- the other, blit .off aoCociht of the con
dition of the country, arid the double danger-:
that assail uc. jig- this way >thorn Shay lie
Occasional ants “of tyranny, as has been al
ready, hut upon the whole the restraint of the
judiciary will he found adequate to dir pro
tection, if the President himself will rospeqt
But if any citizen of this State shall b : >
arrested or imprisoned by military men, Jr
by provost-marshals or other officers, acting
under the authority of the President, and the
court before wh.djn tjtri .’questidri ’Shall' hp
brought shall determine that lie is entitled
to his liberty, then, if in spile of this decision,
force shall be vsed to detain him, there ought
to be no hesitation to snpport-,ihe judiciary in
•Imposition to military usurpation, akd 1 should
rcyard it ,as base and cowardly not to do se,
i unless in the face of such a force as should
make resistance quite hopeless. If it he naid
that such action would impede th.e sudPe&Sfi}!
prosecution of tho war, I answer that it i;i
better that anation .should lose' a,'portion ft
' its territory than its liberty! And if for this
causo the rebellious states shall succeed in es
tablishing their independence, the, fault will
be that of the administration'; Vnd the peft-
I pie, driven to choose between two evils, will
have wisely chosen that which beyond .all
comparison is tho least. .
The times require, in high degree,
the exercise of the virtues of courage and of
prudence. Moderation is our counsels will
give us strength and unity in attiun. ,pqt
us accept as our leader him'vrhiirn not fiese
merit than position designates (the chiefma
gistrate‘of oiir 'State',) and fotloiy and support
that moderate find patriotic, but not feeble of
unmanly policy which ho bos recommended
and.'eriforco with so much dignity and aw.e
:oose,' iind I shall yet hope that the Union may
triumph over-bath classes of its enemies—
the snutherri secessionists and the northern
nholitiouists. I remain, gentlemen, very re
spectfully your servant. JVit. Beta. ,
To Gideon Jv Tucker, John Hardy, and
Andrew Mathews, Esquires, -
Oswego, May 29,
A yankpe boy had a whole Putoli
cheese aet .baforo him by a-waggish friend,
who, hpwevert gave him no Vnife. ‘This is
a funny chdepo. Unole Joe ; but where shall
~I outfit?’' 'vC)h,’ said the,grinning friend,
11 cut it where you -like,'' ‘ Very ‘well, said
The yankoe, oooly putting 1 it :u,ndqr his arm,
‘ I’ll out it at homo.’: .... . r .
O”AW was sent frpm re
cently-, with the following John
McPcorson, .squire, kumpmary 0, aekiindre
giu:cut,roda ilan pri-vatears, Washington,,d,
co. tu tliC'Wrdppiyuok, an ukwy
brdht.' ’ ■'
NO.i