VOL. 49.
AMERICAN- VOLIINTEEU.
PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY MORNING BY
JOHN B. BRAT TOM.
TERMS
Subscription.— Ono Dollar and Fifty Cents, paid
In advance ,* Two Dollars if paid within the yoarj
and Two Dollars and Fifty Cents, if not paid within
the year. These terms will bo rigidly adhered to in
lovory instance. No subscription discontinued until
'ill arrearages are paid unless at the option of the
•Editor. ■ ' '
, Advertisements— Accompanied by thecASH, and
“not exceeding ono square, will bo inserted throe
Himes for One Dollar, and twenty-five cents for oach
additional insertion. Those of a greater length in
Proportion. .
. ' Job-Printing —Such ns Hand-bills, Posting-bills,
‘Pamphlets, Blanks, Labels, &o. &0., executed with
‘accuracy and at the shortos notice.
. ... THE DESTITUTE,
For a moment, brothers, listen,
To the moan that oomoth tip, '
From the thin lips of the destitute,
Who drink'life's anguish cup;
There are brows as ns ashes,
There are hearts as cold as snow,
'Cursing on life’s dusky.highway—
Look, and you will find it so ! <(
There is manya lone,lone orphan,
Boating out the march of life,
•'Mid thb clamor and confusion, ,
All nfbno amidst the strife.
Treat.thpm .kindly, deign to Jove them,
And tlly mother’s feeling prove - ; •-
Do not pass them coldly, saying,'
Mine are all that I can love.”
SUE SITS ilLOXt’. •
She sits alone, frith foldotV hands,
. White from and lustrous oybs
Imperial light wakes love,to life, —
Love that, unheeded, quickly, dies;
Sho sits filono, among them all
So nejrlT'and yot.so far/—they soom
But butTcoafso waking thoughts, while sho
Is the reflection of a dream.
She sits alone/so still, so calm,
■ , So queenly in her grand repose,
You wishthat Love would slap her cheeks
And make the white ablush-rod rose !
Mmtlkmm.
HOW TO SAVE THE COUNTRY.
A LETTER EROM GOVERNOR BIGLER.
Clearfield, Pa., Nov. 1, 1802.
• ;*
■Mr Dear Sir: —ln reply to your'favor of
tlie 30th'..ultimo; I have to say that you, have
been rightly informed. Ido not intend to be
a candidate for United States Senator at the
.'Riming,,election, gpd, have.so expressed myt
r e*tt-t.. fi>£ndFou all proper occasions.' I have
a' number of reasons, public and private, for
Ibis course; One, of which iq that the eastern
and northern sections of the State makespo-.
oinl claim to the Senator, at this time, on the
ground that, wo have one in the West recent
ly elected, and cannot reasonably claim both
for so lon,' a term. -V '
. .The other question you ask, ‘‘.what can bo
done to save the country,” ie not so readily
answered. The usual response is, God knows.
Few of-our best thinkers seem to have. any
olear views on the question .; and "it is not
even certain that the administration atWash
ington litis a well defined pplicy to that end,
I have some thoughts on the subject which I
do not hesitate to give you. They may seem
to you crude, and on some points even novel
and startling; but, they are the result of.
some reflection. • 1
. The, sword is the only agency dt work. But
the’ sword cannot do all. It is lin agent of
destruction.. It can tear 'down but cannot
build up.. I tinny chastise and silence the reb
els in the field ; but.it cannot make a union
of States ; it cannot restore confidence and
fraternity amongst a people estranged and
alienated from each other. " If the war was
against the leaders in- the South only, as
many at the beginning supposed, then the
sword might put them down and the masses
could return to their allegiance. But the con
flict turns Out to be with the whole mass of
the people within the revolted States, old and
young, male and female, numbering many
millions. With such a power, sooner or
later, we shall have to treat and negotiate.
The sword alone, will never restore this peo
ple to the Union. , ■ .
You well know that when the present pa
lamities menaced the nation, I was for peace,
ful means to avert the blow. - Then, our
present suffering and sacrifices could have
been avoided and, ns I believe, the unity of
the States preserved for generations, without
Ihe sacrifice of principal, or honor, or con
science on either side ; passion; , prejudice
and fanaticism only would have been required
"to give way; and I still think, nay, I, am
sure that other means besides war are neces
sary to save our country—our whole country
—from present afflictions and impending
ruin. •
I know how easy it is to talk about war and
carnage; about strategetio . positions and
brilliant victories; about the-prompt subju
gation of the South by the North ; how plea
sant it may bo to some to float in the common
current of excitement and passion; and es
pecially how unpleasant, if not unsafe, it is to
stem this tide. But the time is coming, if it
be hot now, when the men who would ren
der his country a substantial service must do
this, lie must look at the whole work before
us, and strike for the right regardless of cla
mor or consequences to himself personally.
_ Wo have had war for eighteen mon(fcs, the
like of which the world has seldom witnessed
before, to sustain which a national debt of
startling magnitude, which must hang over
posterity long into the future, fans already
been created, and more than a quarter of a
million of invaluable lives sacrificed on the
Union side alono, in addition to the many
thousands that have boon crippled or diseased
for life ; and yet but little, if any, substan
tial progress has been made in. the good
work of re-establishing the Union, or even of
maintaining the Federal authority within the
revolted States. Has not, then, the experi
ment of war, as a moans of oxtrieating the
country from its present deplorable condition,
oeon already tested—tested at least to such
an extent as to prove its utter futility unaid
ed by other means.
, wns a happy thought of President Lin
m, expressed in his Inaugural, that if wo
ont to war wo could notflglit always ; “ and
on, after much loss on both sides and no
On)ln* olthe r- 5 0u cease fighting, the idonti-
3 Uost; ion'B as to terms of intercourse
hl»m^ ftl - n *!!) 0n y°«." This prophetic and
Mr m B, S m flcant sentiment shows that even
ted'tl.ii- n ’-before.the war began, ontioipa
- time, in ease it did begin, when it would
bo necessary to put tho sword to rest, at least
for a season, in order to resume the identical
old questions nhoutintercoursonhd sentiment.
It does not seem to have occurred to him that
tbo sword could do tbo whole work, but that,
inevitably, wo .would have to como back to
the original point to compromise and settle.
If, then, wo cannot fight always, wnat
amount of fighting is necessary to render it
proper to prepare to cease or suspend in or
der to consider terms of reconciliation. There
has already “ been much loss hotly sides
and no gain on either and whilst time to
cease fighting may not ho yet, the period has
surely oomb when other means besides the
sword should be employed in the effort to save
the government and country. Certainly the
object of tbo war, and the extent to which it
is to go, should ho definitely known to the
country. ■lf it ho" intended.to subjugate tho
States, in rebellion, and hold them, not .as
States in the Union, hut as conquered provin
ces, then tho sword must ho kept in constant
motion and war and carnage he the order of
■the .day. Now levies and fresh supplies may
he properly raised, for it will require a for
midable army in each of the seceded States
to execute and maintain this scheme. 1 If
’extermination be the .object, thou the
sword should .have unrestrained license to
deal death and 'destruction-amongst,tho reb
els in all parts of their country, regardless of
sex, or age, or condition. But neither of
those purposes, if practicable,, would re-estab
lish -the Union,.although there might remain,
a Union, composed-of. certain Statbs. But,
when the Union is re-established, the South
as well as.thc North must ,ho, in it ; the fami
ly of States must exist ns heretofore, else it
will not ho the Union about which we- have
talked so .much and for which so many brave
men have offered up their lives. The physi
cal triumph of the North over the South in tho
lie hi; as the North in'tho end may triumph,
is not the whole of the task. The States,
must ho brought together ; the feelings of the
•people of'both sections must he so constrained,
and moderated' that they can fraternize ana
live together,, else the Union is gone forever.
To.subjugate tho southern'States 'nhdjso hold
them could subserve no good end for either
section,'and in no way, that I can discover,
advance the w.blfaVo of tho North ; for so
long a? tho'So'uth was so hold their hate of
the North .would increase, and whilst the.
North so hold tho South it could do but little
else ; meanwhile its material interest must
languish and die.. But, in addition, Such a
work is utterly inconsistent with the genius
of our, institutions, and could scarcely fail to,
load to their utter perversion and ultimate
'overthrow, adding to the calamities of dis
union the sacrifice of free government. Con
quests arid -empire, however magnificent,
could not compensate for such a losS.
To exterminate the' inhabitants of tho
South, would-he a deliberate emasculation of
(lie. Union, rendering its reconstruction. at
once impracticable .ami hopeless, and involve'
a work of barbarity from Which the northern
pool e would shrink in horror. The exist
ence oV the • .southern* States, in some farm,
veil It lli'-ir inhabitants, air A rm ppfp.e tenhsof
intercourse, is highly essential—nay, I will
say, indispeusihle —to tho . welfare of the
North'. I am, therefore,-.against'examination
ami against tho policy of holding the southern
States as conquered provinces'. This ground
can he, so easily.'maintained On purely selfish
.considerations for the Niirth, whi'h will
occur to all, that I need not trouble join with
their presentation on this occasion. lam fur
re-establishing the Union as it was, or making
a Union as similar as practicable,'the States
to ho equals and to be severe!gn-tp the extent
.the States now arc' eiacli to have and eiijny
such domestic institutions as it may choose ;
and, were I in 'Congress, ! should sustain
that 'measure of war, and that.only, that
Would clearly tend to tho accomplishment of
those ends ; hut no war of subjugation or ex
termination. , . ' . • .
I know it may ho said in' reply to all this.
Then lot the Southern people lay down their,
arms and corns hack into the Union, and all
will bo right again. Would to ,God. they
could bo induced so to do ! There is no guar
anty in reason.that I would not ho willing to,
grant them. But do wa see any indications
of such a return to reason and duty ? I can
see none, and I expect to see none,'so long as
the sword is,unaccompanied by agonts for set
tlement and peace. When our army went to
Mexico it was accompanied by a peace .com
mission, in- order to. embrace the earliest op
portunity for settlement. In God’s name, I
would ask, should we do less when engaged
in a war amongst ourselves ? It is idle, and
worse than idle, to delude ourselves about the
nature of the conflict,in which we aro engag
ed. Wo cannot make a Union by force alone,
though wo may triumph over the South in the
field, and may as well look the complications
square in,the face as not.. The first question
is, Do weintond, do we desire, to have all the
Southern-States back into the Union, on the
terms of the Constitution ? If we do, then it
is seen that tjioy are to be the equals of the
Northern' States in rights, sovereignty and
dignity. Does any one believe that such a
relation can he established and maintained
by the sword alone ? Should a. certain.num
ber of the States subjugate and humiliate
the others, then they could not live together
ns equals and friends, for the subjugated are
always the enbmies of the subjugators. When
all the States, therefore, resume their former
relations, or new relations of union and in
tercourse, it must be the afit of all, if the set
tlement is to bo complete and permanent.
I have heard a great deal about patching
up a dishonorable peace—about the humilia
tion and disgrace to the North involved in
any and every proposition for settlement—
and there is nothing that is said about the aff
airs of the country for which I have less re
spect. It is oven held by some that he. is a
disloyal citizen who seeks to re-establish the
Union by other means than the sword. How
absurd! The sword has been at work—its
agency has boon tested, vigorously and terri
bly tested—and how stand .the States noW*
that should bo in harmony ? The sad response
is, Where they wore when the war began, ar
rayed in grim and relentless hostility. Then
why spurn other agencies to aid in the good
work? In tho words of Mr. Lincoln, we can
not fight always, and wo should not fight long
er unless we can do so ns a means of ulti
mate Union and permanent ponce.
What then can bo done ? and I regret
that all that shoud ho done cannot ho accom
plished promptly. Tho States now In tho
Union should bo in convention, or have dele
gates ready to go into convention, in order to
reaffirm the present constitutional relations
amongst tho States, with explanation on
controverted points, or to make such now
relations as may ho found necessary to bring
together and retain all tho States. Tho State
Legislatures could petition'’ Congress for
suoh a convention, ns provided by tho Consti
tution, and Congress could make tho necessa
ry provisions for it before tho oloso of the
coming session. Such State legislatures ns do
not meet in tho. rOguloir, order could bo
specially convened ; and ■whan tlia'noofjasary
number of States petition, it is obligatory On
“ OUR COUNTRY—MAY IT ALWAYS BE BIGHT-rBUT RIGHT OR WRONG OUR COUNTRY*
.-Congress to comply. The body thus consti
tuted would bo competent to adjust and
settle all the complications which now besot
us. In the midst of war, then, we should bo
prepared to make peace ; whereas,,when tho
time comes for settlement, in the absence of
such a body, it might bo found tliat we have
no competent authority in existence to do the
things.that maybe necessary.. Neither Con
gress, nor the Executive, - nor the two togeth
er, have rightful authority to chahge the old
or to make now relations amongst tho States.
Congress- may submit amendments to- tho
ponstitution for-tho ratification of the States
and I believe the present calamities of the na
tion could have been averted,in that way in
the winter of 1801 ; butmow the disorders of
tho country are probably too complicated to
bo reached .in tiiat form-. .
Meanwhile, the President and Congress
should prepare tho way. for settlement
Indeed, by consulting tho people through
the- ballot-box, .they might .make a set
tlement, to bo ratified by tho States there
after. Let the President propose an armis
tice, for 'the purpose of considering some,
programme Of reunion and settlement, in
which the feelings and rights of, the masses
in the South shall be duly appreciated and
provided for. Invito them to .come back on
the conditions of the Constitutiou'with expli
cit definitions on controverted points, or on
new conditions, with the fullest assurance of
justice and equality -when they do so come.
Let' him do-this, ■ and challenge the rebel,
authorities to-submit such propositions as
may be agreed upon to an unrestrained, vote
of the Southern States, as he will, at the
same time, submit such propositions to
vote of those df the Northern States,, with thc^
understanding that if a majority of slave
States and a majority of free_ States accept;
■the proposition, ' its conditions should * be
binding until ratified or superceded, by the
States; Suppose .the-Confederate'authorities
reject this, on any similar proposition, no
harm could ensue 'to the Northern cause.
Such action would; only leave them in a
worse light before the world, and the govern
ment at Wachington. in the better. The
preliminaries for such a movement could' be
readily arranged by. commissioners selected'
for that purpose; ■■ , 5 . ;
, It may be said that we are constantly in
viting the southern people to lay down their
arms and come back' into the Union, and this
Vould seem to bo, conclusive ; hut it must
not bo forgotten that they rebelled, because,
as they say, the party now in power at
AVashingtnri, would not permit them to enjoy,
in peace, the real.conditions and covenants of
fhat. Union, and that'.there is no evidence
that they would fare better now. Beside, he
has studied human nature to a poor purpose;
who cannot discover that unconditional sub
mission. involves a degree of humiliation to
which they will never come so long as they
have any means of insistence.-; In the effort
to gain bitch even.the masses; tlioif passions,
end pride, and self-respect may he wisely
considered. Wo must give them some .new
ground, some* pretext, if not complete and
eubatantial gnarantees, b'eforerwercan expect
them to entertain the idea of- forsaking
their present lenders, and embracing the old
government.
I am fully aware of the indignation, and
even contempt, with which these suggestions
■will ho pursued by some.in both sections, hut
T care not; are wo not engaged in an effort
to re-establish and maintain the Union.-and
are not the seceded States to compose part of
that Union 1 Then why riot endeavor to_ res
cue them, from destruction, and cultivate
good relations with them.
When the family, of States Again. exists a? -
heretofore, they must become our
and our equals in every particular. What
pleasure, then, can we.have in.their destruc
tion or bmniliation .? If there bo any friends
of the old flag and the old government within
the seceded States, they should cultivate the
same spirit toward the North; Tho absent
element of a substantial Union is fraternity
ariiongst the. people, and that can never bo
furnished by the sword, Again,, in the
words bi Mr. Lincoln. “ there has been much
loss on both sides and no gain oil either,” and
the identical oil question as to terms of inter
course are upon.us, arid we should seeksodo
adjust them as to establish tho Union on an
imperishable basis.
. But, it may ho asked, is this a war for the
Union ? Are wo suro that those in authority
intend nothing else ? They certainly profess
notfiing else, and I attribute .to thom.nutliing
else. If the war is not for tho Union, and is
not -directed with solo reference to that end,
then it is tho most stupendous fraud that has
ever been practised upon the tvorld. Wo all
know, however, that many, very many of its
partisans will not he satisfied with thatissuo.
It might be very iniportnnt, therefore, to tho
salvation of the country, when the time for re
construction comes, if ever it shbiHSl come, to
have tho soundings on this, point taken in ad
vance. I should like exceedingly to soo _ a
popular vote taken in the North,- especially in
New England, between tho proposition to
receive all the States back : nto the Union on,
tho terms of the Constitution, which make
the States equals and alike sovereign, each
with th(i,right,to have such domostio'institu
tions as it may choose ; and a proposition to
recognize the independence of the Southern
Confederacy. It might he interesting, as
well as instructive, to unveil the hypocrisy of
a certain school of politicians who have clam
ored so zealously about the war for the Union.
It is painfully apparent that notwithstanding
this clamor, they do not intend that tho Union
shall exist hereafter oh tho terms of the Con
stitution, "if it is to embrace all the States.
The ratio .of -slave representation, and the
rendition of-fugitive slaves, are features of
the Constitution which they-condemn and
abhor. Botweon the maintenance of. these
and,the recognition of tho Southern Confede
racy, many of them, in ray judgment, four to
one, would prefer the latter. Their aversion
to these clauses of the Constitution was a
primary cause of tho alienation and hostility
of tho South, and I fear they would not
yield that aversion now to render the Union
what it was. Let Mr. Lincoln try this ques
tion if ho would solve tho problem of the na
tion’s imbroglio. , , , T ~ ~,
Do not understand mo that I would yield
•the sword or any other means calculated to
render tho Union what it was .What I mean
is, that if tho Union, and that only is tho ob
ject, tho sword will never find tho belligerents
'in a bettor condition to consumato that work
than they aro now, and that othor_ agencies
should ho promptly employed. I yield to no
man in devotion and loyalty to tho Union as it
was and to tho principles of tho government
transnlittod to us by our fathers. Tho main
tenance and perpetration of these shall ho tho
object nearest ray heart, whether I bo in pri
vate or public life. With much ostoom, I ro-
Yours truly, . WM. BIGLER.
To S.D. Anderson, Esq., Philadelphia, Pa.
(t'T’ln Alabama tbb people are making
too of blackberry loovcsi
CARLISLE, PA,/ THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 27, 1862.
M C C JL E Jalj. A N.
Oraml ovation ot the Troops to
tlieir tailc CommaiMlcr,
McCLELLAN’S FAREWELL OF UIS. OFFI-
Oft Sunday evening a most touching scone
took place. . After having .concluded his ar
rangements with' .'Burnside, M’Clollnn sent
an invitation to all his own staff officers, re
questing them to come into Ida tent at 9
o’clock that evening, to drink a glass of wind
with him,before 110 should hid them all-adieu..
They appeared in fulluniform. A largo -log
fire was bhir.ing within the enclosure formed
by the I 'headquarters tents. The officers wore
assembling in the court. M’Clollan stood
just-inside tho door'of his marquee, the cur
tains ot which wepe. parted and thrown-up on
either side. Promptly, at the' appointed,
hour, his staff officers approached. Ho grasp-:
ed each warmly .by the hand,' and, with a
kindly ■word, ushered him inside. The tent’
■was soon crowded to its utmost limit, and
many were compelled to remain outside.
'Among them -wore a number of officers
from different divisions of tho army.’.pafticu-;
lar friends of the General, who had come to
seek a personal interview with him before ho
should leave the Held. They participated in
the interesting and solemn scene that ensued.
Tho wipe was produced, and tho glasses were
supplied. The largo log fire in front of the
tent brilliantly illuminated tho court, bring
ing into full yieW". every form within it, and
throwing’ a halo of enchantment over tho
"Strimgo and solemn scone. Deep silence now
qn-evailedv, M’Clollan raised .his glass and
plv
..reposed i tho only toast of .tho evening—
•; Here’s to the Army of tho I’otomac”—an
officer in the company, appropriately adding,
“ and to its old commander.'.’
The sentiment' thrilled'through every heart
as the wine was quaffed.-' Hero were'officers
of rank iynd education—gonial gentlemen and,
bravo' soldiers. 1 -Most of them had known-
M’Clollan in private life, and all of thorn had.
labored with him-'in the public service. Ho
and -they wore bound to each other by the
double bonds.of friendship and companion
ship in arms in ;a just - and holy cause.—
Friendship is ona.of the most beautiful rela
tionships among anon." True friendship is
eternal. There is much of that feeling,, in its
purity,-existing between M’Clellan .and-his
officers and men. . Danger renders friendship
dearer. The pvrfati.ons and perils to 1 -which,
they have been . exposed have increased the
feelings of affiliation-which before existed!
Friends . and companions in arms 1 what
relationship- coukl be more comprehensive or
more dear.? Some of the sweet associations
of.tho past were apon to. "ho severed. Every
body felt the deep solemnity of the occasion.
Tears wore shed In profusion;' An hour or.
two was passed, in l pleasant social converse,'
during, which GonL‘ M’Olellan bad a kind and
cheering-word : foj. every. one. - The officers
passed around..andbfprmnljy bade-.their cher
ished Gonei-iil ad>-t» gAjjfl, this closed that
solemn iscoinj'oii lAwJflafilir&ab'ifpSuiuiay eve
ning. , ■ ’ j
Affectionate Fiinwell of his ; Soldiers.
This morning it Was arranged that lie should
visit the troops near by, and. proceed to
Washington by a special train in the eve
ning. A splendid photograph of the. Gene
ral and his personal staff officers, forming a
splendid group in- front of his ..tent, and
another of the General on horseback, wore
taken-before starting. When just about to
go, he said, 1 I can hardly, bear to see my
soldiers again.” Then, accompanied by his
officers and escort, a magnificent cavalcade;;
die rode off to take a last’farewell of his troops.
The infantry and cavalry, attached to- his
headquarters were tastefully disposed on nn
adjacent hill. They presented a very sol
dierly appearancei M’Clollan rode along
the lines, , and as- ho passed enthusiastic
cheers spontaneously arose from the ranks..-
• -The soldiers could not, restrain their com
trolingadniiration for tho General. After lie
had passed along the' lines, “and was-return
ing’towards the hill, Oon. Patrick, command
ing the provost guard at headquarters* dash
ed-up the. Crest, and, with cap in hand, led
the whole 1 command-in - throe additional tu
multuous cheers for Gen. M’Clollan., The
Sturgis Hides, which had been with him from
the time of his first campaign in Western
Virginia, gave an extra complimentary cheer,
and all tho men turned their heads around,
and gave.one long, last lingering look, whilst
ho rode away to hid.a similar adieu to otlier
Commands. ■
Ho thou passed through the camps of the
resone artillery, The batteries were all ar
ranged in convenient positions, the cannori
iers standing by. their guns. The men pre
sented sabres, while the music mingled with
their cheers as he passed. The magnificent
artillery reserve of the army of the-Potomac,
which M’Clellan had organized with so much
care,-lie. seemed reluctant to leave now, when
there was an immediate prospect of its CAb
oioncy being fully displayed on the field;
It was while riding from hero that Burn
side, accompanied by-a brilliant gtaff, came
dashing across the | field and joined him.—
They shook each other cordially by the hand,
and rode together during the remainder of
the day. When wo reached the turnpike, on
cither side of which troops are encamped, wo
witnessed one of the most effective demon
strations it has over been our fortune to be
hold! The troops in Gen. Fitz John Porter’s
corps were marshaled in magnificent array
on the right of the road, and those in Gen.
Couch’s corps .on the loft. Butterfield’s,
Syko’s and Humphrey's divisions, in Porter’s
corps; were disposed in order, the banners of
each command appearing in the centre, close
on the road. Hancock’s and Howard’s di
visions, in Couch's corps, were arranged in
a,somewhat similar manner, with the artil
lery of both commands planted on prominent
positions..
As had been done in the other instances,
M’Clellan’s farewell address to his soldiers
was read to them just before ho passed to
personally bid them farewell. As ho rode
along the turnpike, with head uncovered,
between the lines of troops, and followed by
the glittering array of officers, fifty thousand
of his devoted soldiers, with hearts and voices
in perfect unison, and all with one accord,
burst forth into the most tumultuous cheer
ing. Along the linos ho rode amid the con
tinued acclamations of the fifty thousand;
while frbm the distance we would occasion
ally catch, as though it wore nn echo, the
sound from the troops wo had left behind,
and who were cheering yet, long after the
General had gone away from the immediate
vicinity of his headquarters.
The banners borne by the various regi
ments were hold near the road on 1 either side,
and their tattered fragments wore fully ex
posed to view when the General and party
passed through the linos of troops Some of
the standards had little but the gold, andsil
ver trimqSjngs and the silken fringes left,
A grCatofTpbftiitn of many of the flags had
bemi.-ebpt in battip under the gallant
OBRS.
leadership of Gen. M’Clollan. Those tatter
ed banners, haying inscribed upon them dhe
names.of the battles in which the troops bad
fought victoriously beneath their silken folds,
were’mute yet moat eloquent memorials of
the mighty struggles which M’Olellan’s sol
diers have passed through. "Whilst ho rode
along, the batteries fired salutes, the hands
played, and the soldier%cheorod ; the smoko
from the artillery floated -in among the per
forated banners, and the acclamations of the",
troops mingled with the martial music of the
hands and guns. I cannot recall from my
experience any occasion on which the enthu
siasm manifested by . those soldiers has been
surpassed. 1 ■ • : ■
Passing the end of Porter’s and Conch’s
•lines, Geii. M’Clellnn and party proceeded
four or five niilos further to the place whore
Franklin’s corps was encamped. On the way
soldiers followed and .cheered him. lie was
soon near Franklin’s corps. His arrival was
hot expected quite so'soon, and the troops
Wore.not finnied to receive ban. But, when
the soldiers saw him approaching their en
campment, the color .hearers of the various
regiments grasped the and stripes and
regimental standards, and came dashing down
the hills and across the fields, the members
of the • regiments, without arms, dashing
wildly after, them. M’Clellan passed through
this mass (if soldiers to G erf. Franklin’s head
quarters, where ho, Burnside and Franklin
—while the latter’s troops woro being col
lected and disposed—had a protracted inter
view.
■ This . ended, the company mounted their
horses again, and rode among'the troops of
Franklin’s corps. Smith’s division, partin
lino of battle-and part-.in column, greeted
.M’Clellan with great, enthusiasm, - Brooks’
division came rushing across the valley in
one grand’, solid column,With the flags float
ing in'the breeze, to meet the retiring Gener
al. They -flocked "around- him, discarding
entirely'.everything, concerning the rules of
military .formation,- and, in the most feeling 1 '
manner; hade him an affectionate-farewell.—
The troops in Newton’s division, .formed,
farther on, were no less decided arid enthusi
astic in their demonstration. It was really
wonderful to see-now. deep was the expres
sion Of feeling'by the soldiers ori this hoca
sion. 11 • . -.' ■ '
- Having passed through the lines of all the
troops in the vicinity, Gen. M’Clellnn turned
his horse’s head to go hack tp his headquar
ters, whence he intended proceeding to "the
train which was waiting to convoy, him tq
Washington.' Now wp witnessed, the most
affecting- scene of all./ Until this diriment,-it
hardly seemed that tlloir favorite General
could leave them. But ngw ho was going from
among them—ho . had already gone. The
moment that they fully realized it, all those
soldiers, animated'by oho universal impulse,
ran Kfter him, some weeping aloud, and shout
ed in the niost touching and appealing man
ner, “ Fetch him back, fetch him hack 1” and
“Oh, come hack, .to us, come hack tons,
M’Clellan 1” 1 -,'
As he rode aT&ng the turnpike pn his re
turn from Franklin’s corps, troops under
Couch and Porter, which, he had passed in a
regular formation a few hours before, now
rushed out. from their camp around, and
thronged tho roadside, anxious to take anoth
er Iris t look at their beloved General. M»ny
of them wore melted to tears,, arid, after
.cheering him again and again, joined in one
universal supplication, “ Como back ,to us,
coin'd hack to its, M’Clollan."
Parting at Fitz John Porter’s Headquarters.
Hiding up to General Fitz John Porter’s
headquarters, he was met by a delegation
composeTf of several hundred officers in Port
tor’s command.. After the party had dis
mounted, and M’Clellan had reached the
portico of the house' whore the officers were
assembled, 1 the division generals of the corps
being close beside him, General Butterfield,,
ir. : a few, well chosen words, alluded to tho
affection existing between M’Clollan and. his
officers, and stated that those who were now
assembled.there hijd convened to personally
bid him fa rewell.
In reply, Gen. McClellan said—“ I hardly
know what to say' to you, my friends, officers
associated .so long withmo in the Army of
the Potomac. I can only bid you farewell.
.History will. do. justice to. the deeds of tho
Army of the Potomac, if the present genera
tion does not. I feel as if I had been inti
mately connected with each andalf of you;—■
Nothing is more binding than the friendship
of companions in . arms. May you all in fu
ture preserve the high reputation of our army',
and serve all as well mid faithfully as , you
have 1 served mo. I will say farewell now, if
I must say it. Good bye 1 God bless you 1”
—Cor:H. r. Herald . . -
Drowning a Squirrel.
A PIT OP IDVIOK FOB BOVS.
When I was about six years old, one morn
ing, going to school, a ground squirrel ran
into its hole before, pie. I thought, now I
will have fine fun. As there was a stream
of water just at hand, I thoughtl would pour
water into tho hole till it would bo full, and
when the little fellow put up his head, I was
going to kill him. I got a trough from be
hind a sugar maple, and was soon pouring
tho water in on the poor squirrel. 1 could
hear it struggling to get up, and said, “ Oh
my little fallow, I’ll soon have you now.”—
Just then, I heard a voice behind me 1 ,." 'Well,
my boy, what have you got in there?” I
turned and saw it good old man, with white
looks, who bad seen sixty winters. “ Why',”
said I, “ I have a ground squirrel in here,
and nm going to drown him out.”
“ When I was a little boy,” said he, “more
than fifty years ago, I was engaged one day
just as you are, drowning a squirrel ; and an
old man like me came along, and saidto mo,
‘ You are a little hoy ; now, if you were down
in a narrow hole like that, and I should come
along and pour water down on you to drown
you, would you think I was doing as I’d be
Hone by ? (Sod made that little squirrel, and
life is as sweet to it, as it is' to you ; and why
will you torture to death an innocent little
creature that God has made?”’ Saul ho I
have never forgotten that, and never shall; 1
have neycr killed any harmless creature tor
fun since; and now, my dear boy, I want you
to remember this while you live, and when
tempted to kill another poor little innocent
animal or bird, think of this ; and mind, God
don’t allow us to kill his pretty little crea
tures for fun.”
More than fifty years have passed since,
and I never forgot what tho good old man
said, nor have I killed tho least animal for
fun since. Now, you see, it is ninety. years
since this advioo was first given, and it has
not lost its influence yet.
most remarkable case of indecis
ion wo over hoard of, was that of a man who
sat up all night because ho could not deter
mine which to take off first, 1 his poat or his
boots;
Tlie Promise.
As Alice.McCarty came out of the gate at
the little parsonage, she fpund herself face to
face with her father. He bad'hoen drinking
ns usual, and his features were inflamed with
heat and anger. ,
‘Whore have you been ?’ ho demanded
roughly.
• ‘At the minister’s Saturday class/ nri
swerod’Alioe. ,
‘ What are you doing ?’ -
‘ Studying the Bible.’
‘ Now, look here, girl; I gave you leave to
go to school on Sunday, and that’s quite en
ough. I’m not going to have you wasting
your time in this way. You can find plenty
to do at homo, without running around to tho
parson’s sorfuften.. Now mind!’ ho added,
raising his right hand threntingly, ‘you don’t
set your foot there again.' 1 .’
Alice turned trembling away, and with a
sinking heart bent her steps homeward; To
give up her--precious Bible-class'when she
was just beginning to feel the value of the
lessons she learnt there—oh ! she could not
doit. When but of her, father’s sight, she.
sat down on the grass and cried, hut in the
midst of her grief a verso that had been in
tho.aftbrnoon’s lesson came to her mind—:
‘ Call upon me in the day.of trouble; 1, will,
"deliver thee, and thou shall-glorify mo.’.
‘lt is God's promise/ thought Alice, ‘ and
ho will keep it. 1 will call-upon him, arid I
know that ho will deliver me.’ She knelt in
tho grass "anU told her now trouble., to Him
who listens to tho cry of tho humble'. There
was no sound-in answer ;'o<id did not speak
from'the clouds, nor send an angel with His
reply, hut Alic'ohiid the sure word of his prom
ise, to abide by, and with it shb vVas content
—‘ I will deliver thee.’ -
The week passed by. Alice prayed daily,
arid waited in faith for an answer. On. Sa
turday moring. as she was- busy sowing, her
fattier cariio’ in. . It was an unusual hour for
him to ho at homo, and a rare thing, to soe
him with so pale a, face. He dropped into
tho nearest chair and buried his lace in his
hands. ' . .
‘ Father, what is the matter V exclaimed
Alice.
'• Peter Hanlan isdead/ he groaned; ‘killed
just in akoeond. He had taken my place a
rifomenthofofo, or else it would have been'
me.’
' ‘ 0 father I’ said Alice, ‘ l am so thankful
it was not you. I knew that .Peter was a
Christian/
She said no more ; her father remained si
lent tor a long time, and then said, hnskily :
‘ Alice, ! guess I’ll go with' you to church to
niorrow ; and you needn-’t mind .what I said
aljout your Bihlordass—go, if yon like.’
‘Oh! I thank yob, father I’said Alice, and
with a ,feeling Of wondering gratitude, she
went to her room, to return thanks to Him
who had not only answered her prayer, but
giving her so much more than she had asked,
by inclining- Ipcr father’s heart to listen to tho
words of eternal life.
It was a precious lesson to Alice. Thence
forth,in every trial, every grief, she carried
her sorrows to 'hrir- .heavenly Father, ‘and,-
throughout her life, had often’cause, to ‘ glo
rify-him who delivered, when she called up
on him in tho day of-troiihlo.’ - *' ■ 1 -
Education of lUecliajiics.-
On another page will bq found a sbiisiblb
letter from a manufacturer, stating '-tbit he
always finds'intelligent, educated mechanics
more profitable to employ, even at higher wa
ges, than those who are uneducated. Wo Ji avo
never mot any one who had such experience
in employing large numbers pf men who did
not hold the same,opinion, and, as a general
rule, those manufacturers are most success
ful who are most careful to secure intelligent
and skilful workmen. . ... • - r
It requires extensive observation to.enable
one even partially to appreciate the wonder
ful extent to which all the faculties are de
veloped by mental cultivation. The nervous
system.grows-more vigorous.and active,, the
touch is more sensitive, and there is greater
mobility, in the hand. ,
We' once know a weaving room filled with
girls above the average in character and in
telligence, and there was onegirl among them’
■who had boon highly educated. Though
length of arms and strength of muscle are ad
vantages in weaving, and though this girl
was short and small, she always wove the
greatest number’.of pieces of any in the room,
and consequently drew the largest pay at the
end of-every month. We might fill many
pages with similar oases which have come
under our observation, but there is no occa
sion. It has long since been settled by the
general observation of manufacturers, that
intelligent workmen will do more and hotter
work than ignorant ones.
■ But the excess in the amount of work per
formed is not the most important respect in
which an intelligent workman is superior to
a stupid one. lie is far more likely to bo
faithful to the interests of his employer, to
save from waste, and to turn to profit every
thing that comes to his hand. There is also
the exalted.satisfaction of being surrounded
by thinking, active and inquiring. minds, in
stead of by brutes.
Such are some of the advantages to the
“Captains of Industry,” which result from
the employment of intelligent workmen ; not
in one article dor in any number of articles
could those advantages bo fully set forth.—
And.if it is impossible to state the advanta
ges to the employer, how vain must be the ef
fort to describe these which result to the
workman himself!
The increase of wages is tho least and low
est of the rich rewards of mental culture.-
Tho whole being is enlarged and exalted ; the
scope of view is widened ; the objects ot, in
terest are increased '; tho subjects of . thong i
are multiplied ; life is more tilled with emo
tion ; and the man is raised m tho scale of
creation. — Scientific American.
lIISTORV OF THE STARS AND STRIPES. —TllO
Stars lind Stripes were unfurled tlio first-at
Saratoga, n't the surrender of Burgbyne.—
The battle of Bunker Hill was fought under n
rod flag, bearing the motto “ Come if you'
dare,” On the 14th of J une, 1777, the Con
tinental Congress resolved “ that the flag ol
the thirteen United States bo thirteen stripes,
alternate rod and white, and that the union
bo thirteen stars, white, on a blue field, rep
resenting a new constellation.” By the Uni
ted States law of January 13th, 1794, it was
enacted “ that from and after the Ist ofMay,
1795, the flag of the United States bo fifteen
stripes, alternate rod and white, and that
the union bo fifteen stars.”. This was the
national flag during the war of 1812. On
the 4th of April, 1818, tho flag was again al
tered to thirteen stripes and ono star for
every State in tho Union.
O” They mean to raise tall students out
in Wisconsin. An exchange paper saysa
‘ Its hoard of education has resolved to erect
a building largo enough to accommodate llvo
itundetd Btudyuta throe stories high.'
' V -
BREVITIES.
True courage, ■well directed, cannot bo
over-praised.
It'is good to learn from the experience of
others.
Nothing crushes tho heart like the fall of
an idol.
Tho chap who looked destiny in the faoo
was put out of countenance.
An instantaneous method of producing vin
egar—Praise one young lady to another.
Why is a milkman like Pharoah’s daught
er ? Because ho takes a little profit out of
tho water!
When your wife is client, hold tho bn by for
her.' Perhaps it is as much as she can do to
bold, her tongue. ' , '
,'Why is a man's coat larger -when he pulls
it out of a carpet bag 7 Because he finds it
iu.creases. ■ ;
Why is tho.letter- 1 in tho word military
like the nose? Because it, stands between
.we ‘ i’s.’
Bread is the: staff of life, and liquor the
stilts—the former sustaining a man,.and tho
latter elevating him for a fall. ' .
If Jeff. Davis wants to get in a’safe place,
wq advise him to climb a high tree, and draw
it up after him.
If wo lack the sagacity to discriminate
nicely our acquaintances and pur
friends, riiisfortuno will readily do it for us.
There is a man out west whose memory is
so short that it only reaches to his knees, con
soduently ho never pays for his boots! .
A darkey’s instructions for putting on a
coat wore, ‘ Fust do right arm, don de left,
and den gib one general oonwulsbunj.
A free press is the beginning of a free gov
ernment, as a tavern, a blacksmith’s shop,
and a lawyer, are the beginning of a village.
. A poet say's tho wind kisses the waves.—
That, vyd, suppose, is the celebrated ‘ kiss for
a blow,’ about whioh we have heard so much.
{Glevorgont. to his friend.) —‘Ilpw'areyoii
Cl? Going to the surprise party to-night?’
—(Friend.)— l Well, don’t know, where is U2*
—(Gent.) —‘.At my Itime!’
A Dutchman being called upon for a toast,
said : ‘ Hero ish to" de heroes what fit, pled
and died at de battle of Bull Bun—of vyhicli
I am one.’
If I am courting a girl I have hut little ac
quaintance with,how shalll ooraeto acknowl
edge of hoi faults 7 Answer—praise her
among her female, , W
An old negro on the Peninsula forcibly il
lustrated tbo -rapidity, with which the rebels
.'skedaddled'there. . He said ‘You could sea
the lightning flash from their boot heels.’
‘ When rigged oiit in my test clothes,' said
a laboring man, ‘lam like a pond covered
with weeds—very well to look at, but not fit
for a useful purpose,
, A down east editor says ho lias seen the
contrivance our lawyers use when they ‘ warm
up with the subject.’ Ho says.it is a glasa
concern, and holds about a pint.
‘ You would bo very pretty, indeed/ said a
gentleman, patronizingly, to a young lady,
■‘ if your eyes were only a little larger.’ ‘My
eyes may be very small, sir, but such people
as you don’t fill them 1' .
A roaring tornado, unroofing houses and
uprooting .forests, may bo less calamitous
than a low whisper from tho lips of a mis
chievous woman, which has the power to
unroof reputations and uproot happiness.
Yolfaire, speaking of lavr, said : ‘ I never
was but tvrice in my life completely on the
verge of ruin; first, when I lost a lawsuit,
and, secondly, when I gamed one.’
‘Pray sir, take pity on a miserable wretch.
I have a wife and six children.’ •
‘ My poor fellow, accept my heartfelt sym
pathy,, so have I.’
Influence of Sensible Women
i It is a. wondrous advantage to a man in
every pursuit or avocation to secure nn advi
ser in a sensible woman. In woman there is
at once, a subtle delicacy of tact, and a plain
soundness qtjudgement, which woman, ifsbo
bo really your friend, will have sensitive re
gard for your character, honor and reputa
tion. . She will, seldom counsel, you to do a
shabby thing, for a woman friend always de
sires to ho proud of you. At the same, time
lier constitutional timidity makes her more
cautious than your male friend; She, there
fore, seldom counsels you to do nn imprudent
thing. By female friendships, I mean pure
friendships—those in which, there is no ad
mixture of the passion of love, except in the
married state. A man's best friend is a wife
of good sense, a good heart, whom he loves
and who loves him—if he have that, he need
not seek elsewhere. But supposing the man
to bo without such a helpmate, female friend
ship he must still have, or his intellect will
have many an unheeded gap oven, in the
strongest fence. Better and safer, of course,
such friendships were disparities of years or
circumstances put the idea of love out of the
question.' Middle life has rarely this advan
tage ; youth and old ago have. We may have
female friendships with those much older
thati ourselves. Moliere’s old house-keeper
was a great help to his genius; and Monta
igne’s philosophy takes both a gentler
loftier character of wisdom from the d,uto'm
which ho finds in Mario d 6 an
adopted daughter, “certainly VAaved by me,’”
says the Horace of essayed «' mo r 6 thou
paternal love, and nn; 0 < my so Utudo
and retirement as tho bcB £ ™ Tts of
my being. 1 orr.g’ w hnondslun indeed, is to
man “ pras id. £t dulcs dM| ; g ’„
sweetner, ornament aE his o'-ist-hrm m a ,
mental culture it inv„i A , nO3 -. l»s
all hia knowlcth-Q 6f W? n ; Wltl,out !t
Van knowledge of tbo^HJ." 111 aever
A Ciocih ~
.V/-
Abolitionists having bo' t|io Unston
good commonoeiiK this makes
Thd Portland * * . °* (frooley's army,—
000,900. Tho a sayß: ‘ Bu,l r fnr th °
who rush npwr stnrid 800,090
«>o pro'ohnmtiousl” enianc, P ato
Too much compuy ig H vrsp than non?,
NO; 25