AMERICAN VOLUNTEER.
JMlftß. BIiATTON, A Editor &-Proprietor.
CARLISLE, PA., MAROH 7,1861
Shad from the South havomade thoirappear
anco in our but do not seem in groat,
demand—tho price boing.foo salty. Our cit
izens would rather wait - a little longer, and
hawthorn fresh from tile Delaware river..
Burning or Moscow.— Our readers will no
doubt be pleased to learn that this beautiful
diorama, together with a' splendid collection
of.dioptric Pointings and Ventriloquism.'by
Mr. Gallagher, inay ho witnessed three evo
nings-of this week, commencing Wednesday
night,, at llheeni’s Hall. Go and take the
itiraily... i; .0 ij.i ' ■.,
Ploughing, —The weather has boon so
warm and pleasant for two days, and tho frost
being out of the ground,, the fanners have
taken time by the foro look and commenced
ploughing. The roads, under the influence
of the warm sun, are again in .traveling con;
. dition. ,
The Wheat Prospect. —Tho present sear
son is said by those whoso interest is-to keep
advised in such matters; to bo an exceedingly fa
vorable one for the growth of tho whoaberop.
So far as wo have heard, the wheat fields
throughout the county,, and indeed, through;
out'the State, present a very flourishing ap
pearance.
. 'lovei.t Weather. —Everybody is charmed
with the weather of the last fivfi or six days,
which has not been equalled at this season of
the year within the memory of the oldest in-,
habitant. Those, however, who aro so loud
in its praise do not reflect what it may likely
lead to. A few days more of would bring out
tho buds, blossoms and flowers, which would
run iv most imminent risk of perishing by
frosts in the'latter part of the month.' Such
may bo the case, hut, we hope not.
Committed Suicide.—r Jacob Newcomer, a
wealthy farmer of Monroe township, com mi t
, : tod suicide by hanging himself on Monday.
lie had been out of his house an hour or two,
; when his wife, not knowing whore he had
; gone, went in search of him, when she found
■ his lifeless 1 body suspended from a rafter in
his barn. She immediately gave the alarm,
when several of the neighbors hurried to her
assistance, and the body was taken down,
life had been extinct, however, for some time.
Coroner Smith of Carlisle, having been sent for,
summoned a jurjvand held an inquest.upon
. the body, whose verdict was that the deceased
canie to his death by hanging himself with a
leather strap suspended, from a rafter, in his
own barn. . ’
. The. deceased -was a respectable farmer,
about 50 years.of age, with a wife and several
children. Eof spme timehehadshownsymp
toms of melancholy, and no doubt an aberra
tion of mind was the cause of the rash act.
Burglary in New Cumberland.—On
Wednesday night of last week, Theodore Wil
lefa store, in New Cumberland, was entered
by some felon, who succeeded in extricating
therefrom, thirty dollars in money,- together
with some clothing. An-attempt was also
'made the same, night to enter John G. Miller’s
store of the same place, but without success.
On Thursday, Mr. Scholl was doing some
work in an old Saw Mill, at Bridgeport, where
he; found some concealed clothing,- which
proved to be Mr. Willotls. The clpthing
was left there until the following night when
several men were set to watch. As may he
expected the guilty fellow came to secure his
plunder when he was caught and immediate
ly taken into custody. The money was also
found about his person. Nothing definite
has yet been ascertained as to his name or
residence. , -
The Tariff Bill (known, as the Morrill
BUI,) has passed both Houses of Congress,
been signed by President Buchanan, and will
go into operation on the first of April. It af
fords ample protection to all our great inter
ests, and is particularly favorable to iron-mas
ters, dealers in coal, &c. The tariff was to
have been (according to stump speakers last
fall,) one of the early measures of old Abe’s
administration. But, after the “ Rail-splitter”
opened life mouth on this subject, it was found
that he was rattier inclined to free-trade.
Ilenco the friends of the measure hurried it
through Congress before the inauguration of
the new President. They preferred to trust
its fate to “ old Buck," rather than to “ old
Abe,” and in this they were wise, for Lin
coln, like most men of his State, is opposed
to protection.' All the Republican members
of Congress from Illinois, (Lincoln’s own
State,.) opposed its passage from first to last,
and -LovEJoy,. Lincoln’s right hand man and
mouth-piece, made a violent speech against
it,, denouncing Pennsylvania and all others
who Seek protection from a tariff. It is well,
therefore; for tho friendsof the tariff, that the
bill, passed during Mr. Buchanan’s adminis
tration. It never could have become a law
under' Lincoln, and wo have no doubt he will
favor its repeal before the end of his admin
istration. :
- HCT” The Bepublicnn members-of our State
Legislature, after they passed the iniquitous
Bailroad bills, adjourned for two weeks, for
the purpose of paying a visit to Washington.
They will have an opportunity there to spend,
a portion of thoir ill-gotten gains.
Nothing Done.--Congress has adjourned
without doing anything to reconcile our diffi
culties. Alas, alas!
Tan Tariff Bill Signed. —President Bir
ciunak rignea the now tariff bill on Friday.
A ,“”> d “ c ' lati(:o at it. lie would
have Strangled it with- a veto..
''«« approvod the
bill establisbiug the Territorial' Government
pf Colorado.
K/”TnoifAS L. Wilson, Eaq., a well known
citizen of Harrisburg, and for many years
Clerk to the late Board of Canal Commission
ers of this State,, died on the 28th ult., in the
Cist year of bis ago.
tbo Peace Congress, Wiljiot and
Meredith, of this State, opposed every prop
osition suggesting a compromise of our diffi
culties. Of course. . .
THE SAIL'BtMD BILLS PASSED !
In tho State Senate, on Friday last, the bill
.to-release by law, the Pennsylvania Rail-Bond
Company-from jtho paymenfcof Tonhngo Tax;
passed a final reading, by the following voter
-Teas —‘Messrs. Benson, Blood, Cnnnoll.Fib
ney; Gregg,, Hall, Imbrio, London, M’Clctco,.
Meredith; Nichols,.Parker, --ScUindel, Sorrill;
Sijiith, Thompson,. Wharton, and " Palmer,
Speaker —lB;
Navs Bronghtcr, Bound, Clymcr,
Crawford, Fuller, Hamilton, Hiestand; Irish;.
Ivetcluimj Lawrence, Mott, Pimney,Robinson,.
Welsh, and Yardlcj'—ls.
On-the same day, in the Senate, the bill to
authorize .the Sunbury and Erie Rail-Road
Company to borrow tiro millions of dollars,,
on.a mortgage which-shall come in-first and
take precedence'of the-lion now held by tho
State, passed finally by the following vote: ,
Yeas—Messrs. Benson, Blood, Bound, Con
nell, Finney, Fuller, Gregg,: Hall, Hamilton,
Hiestand,- linbrie, Random Lawrecce, M’-
Clnre, Meredith, Nichols, Parker, Robinson,
Schindel, Serrill, Smith, Thompson, Wharton,
Tardley, and Palmbr, Speaker —2s. .'
Navs—Messrs. Bronghtcr,'Clymcr, Craw
ford, Irish, Kctohum, Mott, Penney, and
Welsh—B. ''
It will ho soon that Dr. Crawford, the
Senator,from this District, notwithstanding
he was not “pledged” on the subject, voted
against''both- these- swindling, bills, and' thns
represented' faithfully the wishes of his con
stituents. By pursuing this course ho has
proved himself a trustworthy representative,
entitled to the confidence of the people of his
district.
Tho loss to the State by tho passage of these
bills, is almost beyond calculation. The Ton
nage Tax alone, is a yearly loss to tho State,
at this time, of about two hundred and fifty
thousand dollars—equivalent to the annual
interest of. five millions of the. State uobt f
In ton ycays from this tly.io, the tax would
have reached nearly double this amount.—
But, tins is not all. The Pennsylvania Rail-
Road owed tho State seven hundred thousand
dollars for the two last years tax. Tho Leg-,
islature lias wiped out this debt 1 So, by this
act of our law-makors, the State- is a loser of
the Tonnage Tax, how amounting to more
than quarter of a million a year, and also the
§700,000 that was due her 1
The bill for. the “relief of the Sunbury and
Erie Rail-Road Company,” just amounts to
this—That Company was indebted to the State
in the sum of three millions five hundred thou
sand dollars. The State hold a first mortgage
upon the whole lino of the road, as security
fur this money. By the act of the Legislature
just passed, this mortgage is wiped out, and
the Company permitted to contract debts to
the amount of Jive millions, and give a firs
mortgage-for the same! The State is requir
ed to take a second mortgage on the road for
the amount formerly secured by a first mort
gage. The-plain English and meanirig of this
is, that the State is swindled out of the §3,-
500,000 the Sunhury and Erie Bail-Road Com
pany owed hor, for it is well known to every I
man that that road never can, never will, and,
never intends to pay the second mortgage.—
The whole amount, therefore, is lost to the
State. :
Wp have thus given a statement of these
bills as wo understand- them. ,Gov. Curtin
will-sign them, and the people must make up
the amount that is lost; to the Stale,' by direct
taxation. This was'their verdict last fall—
1 this is what they, voted for. They were Re
publican measures—have been passed by a
Legislature nearly unanimously Republican
in both Houses—.will bo signed by a Republi
can Governor; and become laws. Very well.
—nil this wo .told the people last fall, but they
preferred to believe 1 the Republican stump
speakers, nearly every one .of whom were in.
the secret that these bills , were to be passed,
if they (the Republicans,') succeeded' in elec
ting their Governor and a majority.of'the Leg-'
islature. They' did succeed, and the bills arc
passed. It .is a severe lesson to the. people,:
and will foist an immense tax upon them.—
All hope of paying off the State debt, or even
diminishing it, may now bo given up. The
tax-payers must continue to groan under the
heavy burthens placed upon them by a reck
less Republican majority.
OCR PREDICTION VERIFIER.
In August last'we wrotetho’ following ar
ticle, and published it in the Volunteer issued
on the 23d of that month :
“It is a well known fact that the repeal of
the tonnage tax is a favorite hobby of the Re
publicans, and if ever an act of Assembly is
passed exempting the Pennsylvania Raih'oad
from that tax, it will bo the Republicans that
will do it. Their present affected opposition
to this measure is intended as a “blind,” but,
wo hope they will deceive no one.”
That’s what we . said in .August last. Wo
then, on numerous occasions, warned the peo
ple against voting for Curtin for Governor,
and the Republican candidates for Assembly.'
Our words were not heeded.. Indeed, reckless
Republican stump speakers had the brazen
impudence. to represent that Shearer and
Power, the Democratic candidates for Assem
bly, and Foster, the Democratic candidate for
Governor, were themselves in favor of the re
peal of. the tonnage tax. Every intelligent
man knew that those representations wore
false, but yet, to a certain extent, they effec
ted the object of the knaves who used them.
The tonnage-tax has been repealed, and the
Sunbury and Erie swindle also passed. Cur
tin, of course, will sign both bills. That was
understood before the election. Consequence
—a-half million of dollars additional tax must
be paid annually by tho people ! Just as we
predicted 1 !
Lincoln’s Flight. —Tho greatest speed ov
er made upon the American turf, was tho ro
centjflight of Mr. Lincoln from Harrisburg to
Washington, via Philadelphia. The " time”
niado was superior to any ever made by Flora
Temple, and his friends boast that he came in
a little flushed and pale, hut otherwise in ex
cellent condition. A well known Southern
jockey, pleased with the speed and bottom of
tho President, now claims .the name of Abe
Liiicohifor a faSt'horse which ho is soon to plaoo
.upon the turf..
Tub AVeatheh atthe South.—AtChatles
on, 8. C., last weak the- weather was unusu
“ y lmld- * >cach t«oii wore- in full bloom,
green peas bad been i n blossom for a week,
and strawborrms wore beginning to fom.-l
Tho Mercury anticipates that about tho mid
dle of next month strawberries and green peas
will he among the table luxuries supplied-to
Major Anderson at Fort Sumpter.
AKDTBEB SWINDLE PROJECTED.
Senator Irish/of Allegheny, about a, week
ago, road in place a bill of very groat import
ance t 6 ,the Commonwealth. It iastyled “-an.
not relative to the securities of the Goipmon-.
wealth," but is.really an not to assist, ini the
completion of tho-Dittsburg andConnallavillo,
and tho Allegheny Valley RaiUroadS.. To the
first named-company it proposes that the State
should oxchangos3,boo,ooo of tbo bonds of the
Pennsylvania. Hailfoad C6mpariy,.oUt of the
seven millions-now in the sinking fund, for ah
equal amount of first-mortgage bonds on the
ConnoWsvillo Road ; and to the Allegheny Val-
Ifey Railroad Company it is proposed to ex
change one million and a half of Penn
sylvania Railroad Company's, bonds for ah
equal amount of her bonds..
Wo will not be the feast surprised if the.
abpvo project also-passes'the present Session;
for wo believe- tbo Legislature, as at present
constituted, is capable of any villainy. They
have j ust repealed the tonnage tax, which' is a.
yearly loss to the State of .$300,000, and in a
few years would have amounted to half a mil
lion. They have also’ cancelled tbo’inortgngo
for $4,000,000; that whs held Ky the State
against tbo Suuuury and Erie Rail-Road.—
N ow, according: to-the Ml introduced by Mr,'
Irish, they’are after $4,500,000 of the money
in the sinking fund 1 Thio project is similSr
to that first adopted by tbo Sunbury and Erie
Rail-Road, to obtain money from the State.
That road then gave a first mortgage to 'the
Common wealth as security for the amount boy
rowed. After spending the money, the Leg
islature. wipes, out this first Mortgage, and
agrees to take a seco" mortgage—in other
words,’the r’anj. ia cancelled,, and tho State
r( l'j’ood. Wo repeat, wo will hot be astonished
if Mr. Irish gets liis bill through, ' Go it. Re
publicans. '
Tho Pence Convention finally adjourn
ed oh Wednesday night, tho 27th nlti, after
agreeing upon a plan of settlement'which wo
publish in another column. The first and
most important article is substantially tho ex
tension of tho Missouri Compromise lino across
the Territories to the eastern boundary of Cal
ifornia, prohibiting slavery'north,of said line,
while south thereof no change shall bo made
in the condition of ,persons held to service or
labor. It also provides that there sh’all he no
interference on the part of Congress dr the
Territorial Legislature with the right to take
slaves into such Territory. , ■
The next great question is, will Congress
submit this plan to the States for ratification in
the way prescribed by the Constitution for its
own amendment? This would require a two
thirds vote of both Houses, which probably
cannot be obtained at this session. But fail-
ing in this, the,next best plan is to submit the
proposed amendmen ts in., the way proposed by
Senator Bigler. Lot this bo done,- and the
popular minority bn favor ofa settlement upon
the basis proposed, will ho so overwhelming as
to assure the . border'States' and compel the
next Congress to submit the amendments in
constitutional form. ’ , ' - '
Tbe MiNoiuTV .TiiESiDENT. — In point of
fact, the two Democratic, candidates, Douglas
and Breckinridge, received,together a much
larger number of votes than Lincoln did. The
Tribune Almanac gives the full returns as fol
lows, ; , .
Douglas,
Breckinridge,
Democratic vote; ■. ; ; : 2,213,929
Lincoln, • . 1,857;610
Democratic majority,
If it be said that the Democratic vote as thus
given, includes some 801 l men in those States
where there were Fusion tickets, we admit it
but on the other hahd', the voteof South'Caro-
lina, Whose ElectorSrare chosen by the Legis
lature; is not included at all. Being unani
mousfor Breckinridge its popular vote, if cast,
would have - added 40,000 or 50,000' to the
Democratic side.- It is plain,- therefore,, that
..the, Democratic vote, notwithstanding the
split in its ranks, was some 300,000 to-350,000
larger than that given for Lincoln. If we
add the 590,031 votes given, to Bell; vye have
an aggregate majority against Lincoln of
946,950 votes, or, including South Carolina,
1,000,000 in round.numbers. - . . -
* Swarming ‘of Office Seekers.— The influx
of politicians, according to all accounts, must
bo tremendous. The Northwest especially is
represented by an army of office hunters.
Present appearances indicate that the scramble
for place, will bo more violent than under any
preceding administration. Mr. Lincoln is
much annoyed by the importunities of per
sistent aspirants who besiege his apartments
from morning till evening, and will nop-be
put ofp vyithoat-exacting a hearing of their
VTiaims. As none can obtain his car longer
than a minute or two, their efforts cannot pos
sibly produce the slightest effect.
Spurious Charity. —The two branches of
odr State Legislature have voted, out of the
State Treasury, §30,000 towards the relief of
Kansas, being a sum three times larger than
was asked. A proposition that each member
of the Legislature should contribute himself
the pitiful sum of ten dollars towards the
same object was not received, being declared
out of order. It makes a groat deal of differ
ence in men’s chaitable feelings, whether the
charity is at their own expense or out of the
pockets of their neighbors. •
OCT” The President has approved the bill
establishing tho Territorial Government of
Colorado, (including Pike’s Peak.) It is al
together silent on tho subject of slavery.
OUT*lion. David Taggart, of this Stato, is
in Washington, presenting his claims for tho
appointment of Collector at Philadelphia.
JO” A salute in honor of the passage of tho
tariff bill, and the adoption of apropoaition of
compromise By tho Peace Conference, was
fired in Norristown on Thursday afternoon.
o”The municipal authorities of Wafching
ington called upon the President to toko
loavo of him on last Wednesday. After tho
interview with Mr. Buchanan was over, they
paid a visit to Mr. Lincoln.
O’Tub N. T. Tribune soys it prefers, the
preservation, of tho Chicago Platform- to
“FIFTY UNIONS.” This is tho difference
between parties—one willing to surrender oil
1 for the Union, the-other not even a rotten i
1 plank in its platform 1
We bis Governed by RtUlroads.
A, correspondent; ' of the. ■ Chambersburg;
Times, thus, speaks of . the power forevjltofi
our Railroad Complies - • V > ; >
. Tho foot ,is,
governs the State; least* when wo govern
oursolves, ,it isJay itegracious permission. ■lt
is a huge- monopoly,vilioh: oloots our Gover--
nor, our. Stato-Officow.band many of our Leg*,
islatora,,andof theraef/if'don’t elect) it-buys
enough; to.answer, itaijurposes.. The English
government was right in passing stringent
tows-to restrict . the power of corporations.
This mammoth,,corporation,.now controls our
legislation completely..' ')fbr the last 1 four
years tho men .connected with it. hare plun
dered tho Stato-at will. In 1857 they got the '
pain dine of-the Public Works for 57,500,000,
although worth. more' thin.doublo-that, and
not satisfied With 1 , that,; had the time of pay
ment extended for forty years, which is almost
[ equivalent to foreyctyor to giving them., away
i altogothor r .foir the same power which has .ef
fected tho rdpeal of the tonnage tax.can easily
1 release itself from what it Owes to the State.
And this will, be done in a few years, .when
th e-excitement about tho tonnage tax has died'
away. Its robbery now consists in‘withhold
ing from tho Statu the $700,000 which all.our
courts,,high and Ibw, have: decided, it legally
and justly owed. .(This is the sum; that by
the terras of the Mll, but not in; reality, it is
to donate to‘certain ptlier railroads. ■ Tim de
ception in.tbw.is diowed by the fact that tho
amount to each -toid would be so small, that
they could not comply with . the conditions
annexed, to wit: to grade certain parts of the
road in a certain] time, so that the money
would remain in tile hands ef the Pe-,. v j v „,
inia Company. Aid if +’■ -r.
core and d-, „ ot ’ “ •“« is sm
. ■ ~ :: n • wish to retain this money,
|Wiiy do they not jpay it over to the State
.Treasury where it]justly belongs ? But the
deceit is pateht in tho very face of it. They
do wish to keep the money, and it is not their
intention to pay it] to the . State nor to any
railroad. l AndwHry a corporation which, as
their own report shows, makes over $2,000,-
000 per year, should be exonerated from a
tax which they promised to pay, in return for
the exclusive privileges which the State grant
ed theni, is heyonffl any reason but one, and
that is, that they Have become so rich that
thoycan purchase,|exomption. Therefore, in
this noble old Commonwealth, ns everywhere
else, to bo poor is| to bo criminal, and ns a
logical corisequoncO, taxable. In these days,'
corruption, stalks fcrth .at noon-day. 'The
Sunbury and Erie {Railroad swindle, which'
was began in ISSS.Iis now consummated, and
our State will loab $3,500,000 more. ..The
canals Were giveij to this Company: in 1858
for tho sum just.mentioned, when $5,000,000
could have,been gitten for them—and ,in fact
was gotten for their after the State had part
ed with them, the ixtra $1,500,000 going into
the pockets of,the ipoonlators who, had cheat
ed the State. Bui this is not nll.j tho State’s
mortgage for her $3,500,000 is now yery
coolly postponedHCo] one of $5,000,000,. and
then she is to wait &rty years for payment, 1
and to receive no in erest until the railroadis
completed,, whioh as just one-half the road is
now made, won’t he soon. Tho coolness with
which this robbery,! i perpetrated this winter,
is bracing and refrgi hingeven at this season.
Whatever belongs o our poor unfortunate
State, appears to be a, subject for plunder.
TilE CoNCRESSIOM
MiTTEE.— The joint
the two branches of
portion the State into
on the basis of .the; c
tilted as follows:
Messrs. McCluro,‘linney, Gregg, Schihdel,
Smith, Landonand-lawrence, of the Senate;
and Messrs. of Juniata, Alexander,
of Indiana, Armatfon ; of Lycoming, Blanch--
aid of Lawrence, Coi an of Warren, Dunlap
of Philadelphia, Praai rof Susquehanna, Hop
per of Waahihgtomjpil of Montgomery, Huhn
of Schuylkill ; -cv>*storr-Pugho of
Luzerne, RidgWay Of Philadelphia, Robinson
of'Mercer, Sheppafct of Philadelphia. . .
One. Democratic Senator (Mr,; Sohindel,)
and two Democratic Representatives, (Messrs.
Dunlap and-Hiil,) ai|=upott this Committee,
a very small but respectable minority. It is
evident that the Republicans intend to have
things all their ownway in mating this ap
portionment.’ ■ j
1,365,976
847,953
350,319
President' Davis!
era Congress has con
Cabinet appointment
Secretary of State
, Secretary-of Tfeae
S. C.
Secretary of Wai—Mr, L. P. Walker, of
Alabama. -
Postmaster General—Mr. Ulett, of Missis
sippi. ,J:• • -. "
Attorney General--Mr. Benjamin, of La.
It is rumpred that Senator Mallory, of Flor
ida, -will hi appoints 1 Secretary of tbe Navy.
Sad Cask. —A litte over two weeks since,
a young'lady, member’ of the Bowdoin
Square Baptist Choii, in Boston, died of dip
theria./ Her sister, also a member of the
choir, started With tije body on Monday 'mor
ning /week before last-for tbe homo of the pa
rents, in a rural town in Maine. .She had
hardly reached homo when she also was at
tacked by the same disease and carriodoff; and
the sistors were buried side by aide in the
same eompAeryi- • • :
General, Twiggs’ name, it is said, will
be stricken from the Army-list with disgrace,
for his unprincipled and unexampled betrayal
of the trust reposed; in him by his Govern
ment. By one act ho has dishonored the whole
career of his life, and’ proved that his patriot-,
ism was only a feeling of attachment to the
public treasury, from which he was so long
fed. .
Mrs. Douglas in 1 Fix.—A newspaper, co
temporary eay's that the beautiful and accofn
plishod wife of Judge Douglas made a wager
of §lOO, prior to the late election, that she
would sleep-with the next President of. tho
United States. We think.tho Judge will pre
fer to advance the money, and pay the wag
er. .i ■■ .
Going— The Germans in the interior of
Texas are preparing to leave the State on ac
count of secession. ; Tho.-,most of them will
go to Central America, particularly to tho
plateaus of Nicaragua.
Confession of a Murder—A hotel keeper
residing near Oxford, Indiana, confessed, a
few days ago, to having murdered a Dr. Rowe
who hoarded with him. The murder was
committed about a year ago, and King said
ho was assisted in killing by two other por
■sons, instigated by the knowledge that tho
doctor had about §2,000 on his person at tho
time.
editor of the Western (Va.) Guard
says: “Ho who assorts that wo are an Abolit
ionist or a Black Republican, is a liar to all
intents and purposes.” Over this paragraph
is a woodcut of a pistol.
BSS“ Numerous petitions are being presen
ted to Congress praying for the passage of the
Bankrupt Law.
IL Apportionment' Com
jommitteo appointed by
the Legislature*, to ap-
Cdngreasional Districts,
snsus of 18G0, is const!-
J Cabinet.— The South-"
[firmed President Davis’
Is, as follows r
-Mr. 'Toombs,' of Ga.
iry—-Mr. Memraingcr, of
THE NATIONAL CRISIS.
Elan ot adjuststent-adopjed dy the pbaob
,k S' CONOHESS. ■
.Bho following is the-plaptiutoped, .(ihi a
form .'to.constitute the tliirtcohtlharticlb tor tho
Constitution) with tho vote iwjSaoh, apo~
tion: " . |
Seetiph 1; In, aJLilio-preseiit tornforpuf .ttk
United States; north of tho'parallel of thirty
six degrees thirty minutes of north latitude,
involuntary servitude, except in punishment
of' crime) is prohibited.. In nil the-present
territory south of that line the status of per
sons held to involuntary service’or-labor;,as it
now. exists, shall not bo changed.. Hor shall
any law be-passed by Congress ortho-Territo
rial Legislature to hinder or prevent tho tak
ing'of such, persona from any of tho States of
Union to said territory, nor to impair tho rights
this nriaing-fromsaid relation.. But the-same
shall be- subject to judicial cognizance in the
federal eowrts* according to, the?,course of the
common law; .."When any territory, north or
south-of tho said; line, with swch boundary as
Congress may prescribe, shall contain n pop
ulation equal to thnt-requircdfbr .a member
of. Congress, it shall, if Its form of govorn
be repnb-lioan, be admi tted-inio the Union on
an equal footing witbithe original States, with
or without involuntary, servitude, as the con
stituhon of the. State may ..provide, [This
was adopted by a vote of. 9, ter 8.
Section 2. No territory shall bo,acquired
■by the United States except'by discovery and
for naval and commercial stations, depots, and
transit routes, without the concurrence of a
ir.njunty of all the Senators from States
which allow involuntary servitude, and a ma
jority of all the Senators from States which
prohibit that relation; nor, shall territory be
acquired by treaty, unless the votes of a ma
jority of tho Senators- from each class of
States hereinbefore mentioned he .cast as-a
part of the two thirds majority necessary to
tho ratification of such treaty. [Adopted by
a vote of 11 to B.] -
Section 3; Neither- the Constitution,, nor
any amendment thereof, shall bo ‘construed
to give Congress power to regulate, abolish,
or control, within any State, the relation es
tablished or recognised by the laws thereof
touching persons held to labor or involuntary
service therein, nor to interfofo with or abol
ish involuntary service in tho District, of
Columbia without the consent of Maryland
and without the consent Of-the owners, or
making the, owners who do ■ not consent, just
compensation; nor the power to interfere •
with- or prohibit representatives and others
from bringing with them to tho District of
Columbia, retaining and taking away persons
so held to labor or service; nor tho power to
interfere with or abolish involuntary service
in places under the exclusive, jurisdiction of
the'United States within .those States!and
Territories where the same is established or
recognised; nor the : power to prohibit the re
moval or transportation of persons held to
labor or involuntary servioo in any State or
Territory of, the United States to any other
State .or Territory thereof where it is estab
lished or recognised'by law or usage; and
the . right during transportation, by sea or
river, of touching at shores, ports, or landings,
and of landing in ease of distress,, shallexist;
but. not the fight of transit in or though any
State of Territory, or of sale of traffic, against
the. laws thereof. Nor shall Congress have
power to authorize any higher rate of taxa
tion 'on persons held to labor or service than
on land. .The bringing into the District of
Columbia of persons hold - to-labor or service
for salp, or placing'them in depots to bo after
wards transferred to other places for sale as
merchandise, is prohibited. [Adopted by a
vote pf 12 to 7.] ' ■ • .
Section 4. The third’paragraph of the sec
ond section of the’ fourth article of the Con
stitution shall not bo construed ..to prevent
any of the States, by appropriate legislation,
and through, the action of their judicial.and
.ministerial officers, from enforcing the deliv
ery of fugitives from labor,-to the. person. to.
■whom .such labor or service is due. [Adopted
by a vote of 15 to 4.] .:
Sections. The foreign slave trade is hereby
forever prohibited; and it shall be the duty
of Congress to pass laws to prevent; the im
portation of slaves,'coolies, .or persons hold
toservioe or labor, into the United-Stetes and -
the Territories from places beyond the limits. ■
thereof. ■ [Adopted'by a vote of 10 to 5.]
Section .6. The first, third and fifth sections, .'
together with this section, of those amend- 1
monts, arid the third paragraph fo the sec
tion of the first al tide of the Constitution,- i
and the third paragraph.of the second section
ef the fourth article thereof, shall not be
amended or abolished without; the' consent 6f
all the States. [Adopted by a vote of 11- to
■ 9.}"
Section 7- Congress shall provide by law
that the United States shall pay to the own-;
er the full value of bis fugitive from labor, in
all cases where the marshal," or other officer,
whoso duty it was te arrest srieh fugitive, was
-prevented from so doing by violence-or intim
idation from -mobs or riotous assemblages, or
when, after arrest, such fugitive was rescued
-by like violence or intimidation, and the own
er thereby deprived of the same; and the
acceptance of such payment shall preclude
the owner from further claim to such fugitive.
Congress, shall provide by law for securing to
thecitizensofench State the privel'cges and
immunities of citizens in the several States
[Adopted by a vote of 12 to 7.]
Treachery of General Twiggs.
Latest from. Fort' Sumpter.
Commissioners from the Southern Confeder
acy to tbe Lincoln Administration,
THE SOUTHERN, CABINET.
Pebeidy of Genebai, Twiggs.— The War
Department received a dispatch on Monday
morning,., from New Orleans, stating that the
Texas papers contained the announcement that
General Twiggs had surrendered to the TiSfc
an authorities, his entire command, with all
the arms, stores, &c. This intelligence pro
duced considerable excitement about the War
D<
•epartment, and is the general theme of com
vorsation among army officers.. Neither Gop!
Scott nor Col. Cooper credit the report, and
before any action is taken, will await official
intelligence.
Gen; Twiggs, some time since, asked to ho
relieved from this command, and a short time
agol dispatches were forwarded to him, gran
ting his request. The latest news from him
stated that he was on his way to Now Or
leans. It will be remembered that the Geor
gia Convention tendered him the position of
Gommahder-in-OHief of the troops of that
State. ■ • _ ...
The treason of Gen. Twiggs, in Texas, is
fully confirmed, with details, by dispatches
from that State. Millions of property have
been surrendered to .a formal commission, ap
pointed on the part .of the State of Texas.—
All the forts are ’takon possession of by the
authorities. ' Orders were issued by General
Twiggs to every officer under his command,
seventeen in numbor, to deliver up the arms,,
wagons, accoutrements, horses, &c.,; only
stipulating that the disarmed troops might be
permitted to march to tho coast with side
arms, for shipment out of Texas.
Tho whole number- of enlisted troops under
Gen; Twiggs’ command, was twenty-nine hun
dred, scattered along fifteen hundred miles of
frontier. There are two hundred and six com
missioned officers' in all, being more than any
other department of the service.
Private and later telegraphic advices from
Texas, state that tho arsenal at San Antonio
has been taken by the Texan troops; also,
that some ef the posts in northern Texas, with
cannon, &c., at Brazos, Santiago and Browns
vilJo, have been eeized t
There is nothing in tho dispatches received,
confirmatory of tho report prevalent on Thurs
day, that Qon. Twiggsihadlbeen ehot*bjsaisol-r
-dior.. This rumor has-caused much solicitudb
and excitement.'
Washington, Fob. 28.—1 n consequence of
Gen..Tiyigpsi-iiyto conduotjn.TeiAs, nis
is to bo {hd'rirppyjfollsas acpw
nrd and,-Bitraitiit., -ii \| ! ;,i
;
A Fort bigh-
in Charleston/,gives assurance that
mb- Attack lif/meditated' on Fort
Sumpter. Gov. Dickons has restrained any
demonstration thus, far, and was glad 1 to be
relieved of further responsibility by tho-aption
at Montgomery." Major Anderson writes that
no unusual preparations have beep recently
made, and some of theworks have-been nppa
rently suspended.
, The garrison at Fort Sumpter fired a salute
of thirty-four guns on Washington’s birthday.
It is reported that Fort Moultrie responded;
but bow many guns wore-firedi by ,tha>seees-,
sionists, is riot stated; ’
FROM WASHINGTON,
Corwin’s Proposition Adopted,
REPORT OF PEACE- CONFERENCE REJECTEE.
THE CRITTENDEN RESOLUTIONS LOST.
THE INAL GUIS A TIO IN 1 1
Immense Concourse-of People.
THE INAUGURAL OF PRJDSI
DENT LINCOLN,
Washington, March 4.
The Senate continued in session till after
day light. After the rejection of various
amendments to the House Commirteo's (Gbr
win’s) joint resolutions, a vote was taken and
it passed, yeas 24, nays 12.
The Peace Conference resolutions wore then
voted on and i-ej doted, yeas 7, nays 28.
The Crittenden resolutions were, then-re
jected, yeas 18, nays 20.
•At-7 o’clock the Senate then took a recess
till 10 o’clock. • ■
■ House.- —Re-assembled at 10 o'clock! Spea
ker Pennington made a parting address, as
serting his devotedness to the .Union, and all
necessary compromises to heal the differences
•agitating, the,country. Ho was in favor of, a
National .Convention to remedy this, supposed
or real grievances. ~ i, ; , ..... ;
. The Speaker concluded his address hy an
nouncing that the House is adjourned sine dic.
■With much gopd humor the members sispa
rated. . . , ■,.
The city is filled to overflowing with stran
gers from all sections of the country;
. There was no disturbance Whatever to in
terrupt the ceremonies, which transpired in
accordance with the arranged programme.,
, The doors, of the . Senate chamber were
opened at 11 o’clock, A. M.; .tor the admission
ot Senators, and others, who, by the .arrange
ment of the Committee, wore entitled ,to ad
mission. .
They entered as follows:
Ex-Presidents and Vico Presidents.
The Chief Justice and Associate Judges ,6f
the Supreme Court. .
The Diplomatic Corps, .Heads of Depart
ments, and ex-members,.of. either branch of
Congress, .and Members of Congress elect.
■ Officers of tho Army, and Navy .who, by
name, had received tho thanks of. Congress.'
Governors of States and Territories of the
Union, and of States.
Assistant Secretaries of Departments, and
the Assistant Postmaster General; the Comp
trollers;. Auditors, Register, Solicitor of the
Treasury,' Treasurer, Commissioners, Judges,
and " ,
The Mayors of Washington and. George
town,and the reporters in the Senate;; -<'
All of 1 whom, wore -'admitted, at the north
door of the Capitol.
The families of the - Diplomatic Corps en
tered at the north,door of'the Capitol,.and
were conducted to the diplomatic gallery..
Seats wore placed in front of the Secretary’s
table'for the President of the United States
and the. President -elect; and, op their loft,
for the Committee of Arrangements.,
,• The Chief Justice and. Associate Justices
of the Supremo Court had seats dn,,the right
of the'Chair. •' , ■; - '
i Tho Diplomatic Corps Occupied scats on the
right of tho Chair, next to the Supreme Court.
Heads of Departments:on the left of the
Chair. • ’;
Tho galleries, Srere filled with ladies,-who
entered the Capitol from the by the
principal wostorp door of the central building.
The rotunda was ..closed,-and the, passages
loading thereto kept clear.
The other doors and entrances to the Capi
tol except those opened under the arrange
ment wero kept closed.
At 11 o’clock tho President and tho Presi
dent elect, accompanied, by two members of
the Committee of Arrangements, proceeded
in a carriage to the north door of the north
wing of the Capitol, and entering there, wore
conducted to the President’s room! .
■ The Vico President elect was accompanied
to tho Capitol by a member of tho Committee
of Arrangements, and was conducted into the
Vico President’s room, and afterwards info
the Senate Chamber, whore the. oath of office
was. administered to him by the Vice Presi
dent, ' .
CosijwraTiti' in 6 Justices of
the Supreme Court entered the Senate Cham
ber a few. minutes before the President-elect,
The Senate, assembled at 12 o’clock.
The Senatebeingreadytdreceive them, the
President and the President elect were intro
di
meed by the Committee of Arrangement to
tbo seats prepared for them in the Senate
Chamber.
After a short pause, those assembled in the
Senate Chamber proceeded to the platform on
the central portico of the Capitol in the fob
lowing order :
The Marshal of the District of Columbia.
The Supreme Court of.the United States.
The Sergeant-at-Arms of the'Senate. :
The Committee of Arrangements. • ;
The President of the United States and the
President elect. : . . . •
The Vice President and the Secretary of the
Senate, , , :,
The Members of the Senate.'
Tho'Diplomatic Corps. ,
Heads of Departments, Governors of States
and Territories, the Mayors of Washington
and Georgetown, and other persons who had
been admitted into the Senate Chamber.
On reaching the front of the portico, the
President elect took the seat provided for him
bn the front of the platform.
The President and the Committee of Ar
rangements occupied a posititon in the roar
of the President elect. , ' .
Next in the roar of these were the Chief
Justice and the Associate Justices of the Su
premo Court on the left, and the Vico Presi
dent. Secretary, and Members pf the Senate
on the right.
. The Diplomatic Corps occupied the seats
next in the roar of the Supreme Court. Heads
of Departments, Governors and ox-Governors,
the Senate, ox-members and mopnbors elect of
the House of Representatives in the roar of
the members of the Senate.
All being in readiness, the oath of office was
administered to the President elect by the
Chief Justice; and, oh the conclusion of the
President’s Address, the Members of the Sen
ate, preceded by: the Vice President, Secretary
and Sergeant-at-arms, returned to the Senate
Chamber, and the President accompanied by
the Committee of Arrangements, proceeded to
the President’s House.
THE INAUGURAL,
Pei,low Citizens Op the United States:—
In compliance with a custom as old ns the
Government itself, I. appear before you to ad
dross you .briefly,, and.-to take
once the, oath proscribed % the Con H t;iB C! ~
of the United be taken bv thn p ? 1 '
dontibofarc.be enters on the execution nr?- 1 "
office. a,; , . nis
i I do nob consider ibneceesary at present f„
too to disoußs thpsq innttors of administrat e,'
about which there is no special anxiety or «*
oitomorit. J
. RIGHTS OF THR STATES;-
Apprelienmon seems to exist' among, tfc B .
people of the Southern States that by the nn
cession of a.Republican .administration theiC
property and'their peace arid personal sccuVi
ty are to bo endangered. There has never'
been any reasonable- cause £bu such apprehen
sidn.. Indeed) themost ample- evidence to tIW
contrary has all. the while existed 1 , and been
open.to their inspection; it;is fpnpdianearly
all'the published speeches Of him 1 who now n /;
dresses ypo. ,
Idbhut quote- from one- of those’* speeches
When £ declare that I) have no purpose direct
ly or indirectly'to interfere'with the iriatitut
ion of. slavery in- the- States where it exists"
1 believe Dhave no, lawful right to do so, and
iI hove'rio ’inclination to dd sb. Those’ who
’nominated and-olccted me-did sowith the fulL
knowledge,, tha'l I : had , made this and many
similar declarations and had never recanted
them, and more tliamfhis,,they placed in the
platform for my acceptance, as a law to them
selves and to me, the clear and emphatic reso
lution which I now read.
Resolved' x 1 Jit the ipaintcnance inviolate
of the rin ni iF the States and especially the
right! of State to order and control its.
own dojpeigwan, gchoAious, aecordiiig to its own,
to that hall
anco of power bn which the perfection and
endurance of our’political fabric depend, and
wo .done,unco the lawless invasion, by iin
armed force, of the soil of any State or terri
tory, no matter unde# what .pretext, ns among
the gravest of crimes,
I now reiterate those sentiments, and in do
ing so I only-preps upon the public attention
the,most conclusive evidence of Which the
case is susceptible, that the. property, pence
and security of no section are to he in any
Vise endangered by the now incoming Admin
istration.
I add, too, that all the protection which
consistently with the constitution and the laws
can bo given, will bo cheerfully given to all
the States,'when lawfully demanded, for what
ever cause, as cheerfully to one section as to
another. - ■ ■ !
TUOITIVE SLAVES.
There is much, controversy about the ilo
iveriiig of fugitives from service or labor.
The clause I now read is as plainly written
in the Constitution as any other of,its previa
ions: i
“No person held to service;or labor in one
State under the laws therco’f escaping into
another, shall,.in consequence of any. law or
regulation therein, bo discharged from such
service or labor, but shall bo delivered upim
claim of the party to whom such service or
labor may lie duei” • ■■
It is scarcely questioned that this provision
was intended by those who made it for the re
claiming of what Wo call fugitive slaves, and
the intention of the lawgiver is the law.
AlLmcinbers of Congress' swear their, sup
port to the wdiiilo Constitution to this provision
ns much as to any other. .
. To the proposition then that slaves Whose
cases come within the terms of.this clause
and .shall bo delivered up, their oaths are
unanimous. Now, if they would make the
effort in good temper, could they not with
nearly equltl unanimity fraiiiC and pass a law
by means of which!to keep good that unani
mous oath. There is some difference of. opin
ion whether this-clause should bo enforced hy
National or State authority,.but surely that
difference is not a very material one. ,‘lf the
slave is, to. bo surrendered it can ho Of.but of
little consequence to him or .to others, by
hy which authority- it is done, ami should
any due in any case bo Content that his oath
shall l.i(! unkoptoii a merely .unsubstjiulijil.'-
controvcrsy as to Jibw irshaii bo kept. •
. Again, in any law upon this subject otigbV
not alt the safeguards of liberty known in
civilized and bumane jurisprudence to-be iu-
so that a freeman hinynot.be in any
case surrendered ak a slave. And might it.
not bo well at the Same lime to provide by
law for the enforcement of that clause in the
Constitution .Which ; guarantees that the citi
zens of each Slate shall.be.oiititlod to all the
provisions and immunities of citizens in the
several States.
I take the official oath to-day, with-no mcp
tal reservations and with no purpose t) con
strue the Constitution or laws by any hyper
critical rules, and while I do not chose now
,0 specify particular acts of Congress ns prop
er to be enforced. Ido suggest that it will lie
much safer for all, both in official and private
stations, to conform to and abide by all those
acts which stand unrepoalod; than to violate
any of them, trusting to find impunity’in
having them held to be unconstitutional.
It is seventy-two years since the first inau
guration of a President under our National,
Constitution,.during, that .period fifteen differ
ent and greatly distinguished citizens have;
in succession, administered the Executive
branch of the Government. They have con
ducted it through many perils and . generally
with groat success, yet with all this scope for
precedent I now enter upon the same task fur
tho brief Constitutional term of four years
"under great and peculiar difficulty. A dis
ruption of the Federal Union, heretofore only
menaced, Is now formidably attempted.. I
ii'uVi 'V.?.! ~nfefcnof IJ.SV.’IIVSO.I 'O’V ntvi
of the Constitution tho'Union of these States
is perpetual;'perpetually is implied if not
expressed in the fundamental law of all na
tional governments.
It is safe to assert that government, proper
ly over had a provision in its organic law. lor
its own termination. Continue to excludc all
tho express provisions of our National Consti
tution and the Onion will endure forever, it
being impossible to destroy it except by some
action not provided for in the instrument itself-
Again,.if the United States be not a. govern
ment proper, hut an association of States in
tho nature of contract merely, can it as acon
ract be peaceably unmade by less than all the
parties who made.' One party to a contract
may violate it, break it sq to spenk, but does,
it not require all to lawfully rescind it 7 -
Descending from these general principles
we find tho proposition that in legal contem
plation the Union is perpetually confirmed by
the-history of the Union itself. _ The Union
is much older than the Constitution. It was
formed in. fact by the Articles of Association
in 1774. It was matured, and continued 1 hr
the Declaration of Independence in 177 G, “
was farther, matured and" the .faith of all tho*
then thirteen States expressly plighted and
engaged that it should bo_ perpetual by
the articles of confederation in 1778.
And finally, in 1787, oho of the declared
objects for ordaining and establishing the-
Constitution was to form li more perfect Urfimv
but if-destruction of the Union by one or by
a part only of the States he lawfully possible,,
tho Union is less than before, the Constitution
having lost the vital element of perpetuity;
it follow? from these views that no State upon
its own more motion can lawfully got out ot
tho Union; that resolves and ordinances to
that effect are legally void ; and that acts o
violence within any State against the author -■
ty of tho United-States are insurrectionary o
evolutionary according to circumstance*.
I therefore consider that in Aiew of thee •
stitution and laws, the Union is imbro.K .
and to the extent of my ability • shall - . *
care, as the Constitution itself expressly •
joins on nio, the laws of the Union Dp.iait 1
executed in all the. States., Dpi PS * •
deem to bo only a simple duty, on ni y. P,,
and T shaU porform ■it so far, . n ,
unless my rightful masters, Abo Al® r
booplo shalj withhold the requisite ™ e ‘. (ra ,
in some antherijtjve manner direct tup .
ry. ' I trust this will not be regarde
menace, but only as a declared purp .