~ 7-r~. ~:.v.-r
AMERICAN VOLUNTEER.
’fobiiHHED EVEST THURSDAY MORNING BY
Joint B. Bratton,
TEEMS.
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and not exceeding one square, will be inserted
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tor each additional insertion. Those of ageeat
fer length in property.
Jon'-I’iuNTiNO —Such as Hand-bills, Posting
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cuted with accuracy and at the shortest notice.
;jWuaL
THE OLD PLAY-GROUND.
BY BENBY MOnrottD.
I sat an hour to-day, John,
Beside the old brook stream,
Where wo were school-boys in old time,
When manhood was a dream j
The brook is ‘choked with fallen leaves,
The pond is dried away—
-1 scarce heiiove that you would know
The dear old place to-day.
The school houso is no more, John,
Beneath our locust trees;
The wild rose by the window slide
No more waves in the breeze;
The scattered stones look desolate,
The sod they rested on
Has been plowed up by stranger hands
Since yon and X were gone.,
Tho chestnut tree is dead, John,
And what is sadder, now—
The broken grape-vine of our swing
Hangs upon the withered bough'; -
I read our names upon tho hark.
And found thepehhles rare
Laid up beneath the hollow side
As wo had piled them there.
Beneath tho grass grown bank, John, -
I looked for our old spring,
That bubbled down the alder path,
Three paces Iron; tho swing.
The rushes grow-ripoh the brink,
Tho pool is’black and bare,
And not a foot this many a day.
It seems, has trodden there..
I took the old blind road, John,
’ That wandered up Ilio hill,
?Tis darker than it used to bo,
And seems so lone and still!
Tho birds sing yet among the boughs
Where once the sweet grapes hung.
But not a voice ol human kind
. , " Where all our voices rung.
I sit me on tho fence, John, .
That lies as hi old time,
The same, half panel in the path
We used so oft to climb—
And thought how o’er the bars of life
Cm; playmates had passed on,
And left me counting on this spot
The laces that are gone.
J&imllanmiH.
THANKSGIVING- SERMON
Or Rev. John Chambers, at Ist Independent
Church, Philadelphia, Thursday, Novem
ber Hi, 1859.
• The Speaker road, as introductory .to his
B Sermon, from the Bth chapter of Deuteronomy,
and the 2d chapter of First Timothy. Thun,
||| "ier prayer, he said :
iifavb announced to you ray purpose to re
jve liiv heart of a burden that has oppressed
STur a raiig time, i" X am an' American citizen
an American Minister of the. Gospel. I love
is Bible. I love the . God of this. Bible. I
ve my country, its constitution and its Jaws.—
am a man of pcafce. I have a hea'rt for the
ition. I love it (rom its extreme Northern
irge to the utmost limits of its Southern boun
iry. I love it Irom tho spot upon which falls
e first ray of the morning aim, to that far olf
r est, whore linger the last beam of the sun’s
dining retirement. I love it from its centre
its circumference. X love it as a unit. lam
ady to live by it us a unit; X am ready to put
,e blood of my heart fresh upon its altar, rath
• than see it anything else than a unit.
The worth of this union to ourselves and the
arid of mankind is infinitely beyond price.—
o powers of Arithmetic, no mathematical ge
ns, however cultivated, can figure out the in
insic value of.this .Union, to ourselves and to
e race. The eyes of the civilized world are
>on to day. Fixed and steady is that gaze
at comes from every quarter of the globe; it
eras just to hover, in its burning look, upon
is galaxy of States. The nations of mankind
o watching us with especial interest, because
j are engaged in working out the groat, the
omentous problem of self government. The.
iger of storm has been .pointed; the pen of
o opponent of republics has been dipped long
id deep, and has dashed rapidly;across the
ige, declaring the impossibility ol our success.
It has long been my fixed opinion that the
anarchies of Europe, and especially England,
ifo.Jealour ofL.us. It is possible that in tljis
i may bo mistaken; but tho old adage that
actions speak more loudly than words” comes
rto our assistance. When, small in size and
oungin years, wo escaped from under tho op
fossice dominion of that goverpment; and in
espito of her armies, her navy, her wealth, we
loved on. with the strength of an infant giant,
id hurled from ,our nocks, shook from our
inds, burst from our feet, every badge and
ittar of political bondage, and stood up mob
on—freemen before the Universe. Subso
uontly, insult added to injury roused the heart
f the! young giant, and brought him into re
ewed conflict with his former oppressor!—
hat attempt:to ornsh us failed, as had tho
revious attempt. Why did the first fail 7 Bo
wse, the heart of our nation was infused with
to spirit of the'Biblo and patriotic unity. Why
id tho second fail 7 Because tho increased
ultipiied States of this Republic felt that they
ere bound together by hooks of eternal steel;
i one mah. tlfoy irfot the. enemy, they oonqnqr
l, they triumphed. The invading foe, with
.lien crest, were commanded to' return' to their
wn shores and let ns alone.
Thiaspirit of jealousy is, Wo think, manifest;
id the monarchies, the despotisms of Europe
lean to-day see no hope of triumphing over this
'Western Continent in any other way than by
I breaking us to pieces. They cannot break us;
I but wo can break ourselves. The combined ar-
Smios and navies of the whole throe continents
lare not equal to tho task ol serving this Union,
Rif wo bo true to ourselves,
h' Seeing, then, no hope, other than by divid
ing us against ourselves, our adversaries are
! apt, as a matter of course, to seize hold of that
i- Whereby they may most readily engender strife
—make us sectional —lift the heart from tho
great ark of the covenant ot the Union, and put
it down in a'iittlo spot hove and a little spot
there. Hero It is you find England particular
' jy, most impertinently officious in attempting to
interfere with our institutions. Her press, her
pulpits, her forum, her Senate chamber, roll
out anathemas upon us, and endeavor to stretch
forth the hand to lay it upon that which belongs
to us, with which they have no business. And,
as'the Lord lives, if they are not careful, that
arm will one day bo smitten from tho shoulder,
in its intermeddling attempts. .We are a long
suffering people; but, brethren, there was a
point at which wo found encroachment unondu
ruble; and 'there may bo another. If wo are
capable of working out tho groat problem of
. self-government, wo are capable of taking care
ol our own 'institutions, whatever they may bo
—commercial, ngricultuVal, domestic, civil, io
ligtous; we are capable vof taking care of our
institutions, and we, must ho left alone. .
If, however, the enemies of republics can, by
the utmost stretch of their cunning and their
power, urge us on to a spirit of mutual jealousy,
.—•of anarchy, of confusion; if they can discover,
(and they think they have discovered it,) the
means by which an entering wedge of separa
tion may bo introduced between these States,
dbtv bound together by ten thousand ligatrients
imfrifiitt
BY JOHN B. BRATTON.
VOL. 46,
of tho hnmnn heart, and cemented by ocoans.of
holy and patriotic blood, —if they can discover
how they may divide and disrupt this Union,
they will do it; and when it shall he done, they
will put the iron heel of despotism upon the
scattered fragments, as may suit their pleasure
or their interest. But, 0 God I that day cannot
come, that day will never come, if we be true
to ourselves I
I- have nb apprehensions from the malignant
influence of.any power, unless it be seconded by
our own folly. Sometimes men tell mo—‘lf we
should have war with England, our enemies
would burn Boston, and burn New York, and
burn Philadelphia, and bum Baltimore; they
will burn every city on tho Atlantic shore.’ I
do not believe a word of it. That is not the
kind of stuff that wo are made of, to.be thus
burned. But we may bum ourselves. While
no other hand dare grasp that holm ol tho Ship
of State, and drive thOTroble vessel upon the
quicksands of the rocks, we may do it.
In viewing tho aspects of public morality in
this country; one of the most alarming signs of
the limes, to ray mind, is tho utter indifference
that seems to prevail with regard to the solem
nity, value and importance of an oath.- Every
President, every governor, every judge, all the
mayors and lawyers and marshals and justices
of the peace, all the members of Congress and
of our respective State Legislatures, are sworn - ,
solemnly before God, as they rfill answer at the
Great Day, to stand by the Constitution and tho
laws of the. U-jjjtqn Slates. This is tho oath
that, they take. It is no trifle. The. question
is, now,, is this oath: complied with? All
naturalized citizens—(and I want this heard,
I want it understood) —all naturalized citi
zens are if possible, more solemnly bonnd
to the Constitution and laws of the United
States by oath, than either the, President,
the Governor, the Judge, the Lawyer, of tho
Magistrate; For the man t)iat comes to this
country from abroad and is naturalized, first
solemnly renounces allegiance to the Govern
ment under whjcli ho was horn, solemnly de
clares his abandonment of that Government,
and then he solemnly swears or affirmi before
tho great I AM; that he will maintain the Con
stitution and laws Of tho United States.
I ask, then, are our official men faithful to
their oath? Are our naturalized citizenslaith
fui to their oath ? What do they swear ? They
swear to stand by the Constitution and laws of the
United States. What do tho Constitution an 1
tho laws require? It is your business to know;
it is your duly to know. If, as ah adopted cit
izen of this Republic, you have not examined
that Constitution and those laws, yen are bound
to, examine them that you may know what those
laws load), and what are your duties in regard
to them..
The Constitution is the compact. It does
not belong to the North nor to the South, to
the East nor to the West, it is the covenant,
my brethren, bolwoeh the Slates of tills Union ;
and while that Constitution remains as it is and
what it is, yon are bound by. it. '
You may possibly say to me, “ But I am na
tive-born. I never took this oath of fidelity to
the Constitution and the laws.” But, my
brother, your birthright holds you to that Con
stitution as solemnly as tbo oath which binds
the adopted citizen. Yon are born under its
obligations. Being born here, yon are bound
to. obey the Constitution and the . laws. No
man lias a right to. set them aside.' ■ '’
Now, for example, the Constitution most pos
itively and absolutely—-in the plainest and most
unmistakable manner—provides that a fugitive
from labor, escaping from one Slate into anoth
er, shall bo delivered up. This is the Constitu
tion. lam not to day touching slavery, right
or wrong. lam looking at things as they are.
This is the provision of'the Constitution. If,
then; the President or Governor, the judge, the
lawyer, or the magistrate, the citizen .(native
horn or adopted) does not comply with that
provision, when it is within his jurisdiction to
do so—if lie connives at its evasion, if ho aids
or abets the fugitive in his flight, he is before
heaven a perjured man, and the waters ot tho
ocean could not wasli oat tho stain.
With regard to the Fugitive Slave law, it is
not my purpose to say whether that is a right
law or a wrong law. But it is the law of the
land. It was-enacted by a majority of our rep
resentatives; it received the signature of the
President. It became a law. Every public of
ficer is by oath bound to obey it. Every adop
ted citizen is, by his solemn' oath, made when
ho received tho rights and privileges of an Ame
rican citizen, bound to obey it. Every native
born citizen is bound by his birthright to obey
it. If tho Constitution is wrong, the people who
made the Constitution have tho right and pow
er, acting through tho legitimate means, to al
ter it. If tho Fugitive Slave law is wrong, with
tho people rests the law making power; and
thank God, they have the right, acting though
their representatives, to repeal that or any oth
er law. But no individual man has a right to
ignore that law ; while it is tho law, you and I
and all tho citizens of this country are bound by
It. If, therefore, Wo, as President, or judge, or
lawyer, or magistrate, of naturalised cili2en,aid
or abet, countenance or encourage the violation
of that law. or wink at ita-evasion, we are per
jured. I defy iportaj mart,to contradict this.—
It it bo not so. Jaw is worthless, and an oath is
a bagatelle. Unless an oath is to have some so
lemnity and obligation, unless the Constitution
and the laws are to have some binding force,
wo may as well throw up tbo game and lot all
go:
After these general prefatory remarks, I now
take up that question of questions, ‘Can this
Union bo perpetuated?’ I answer, yes. By
what means, then ? Ey taking tho Bible lor
our rule. This, as I have intimated, is the
sheet anchor of our hope. If this bo faithfully
watched and guarded, tho Ship of State need
fear no peril. Tho winds may blow, tho polit
ical sea may rage, and wrathful waves may
mount, tho political heaven may gather black
ness,'the lightnings may .flash, and the thun
derbolts may bo dashed down ; but Itell you,
my brethren, if this Bible bo followed strictly,
prayerfully, earnestly, no storm that earth or
boll may raise, rib tempest that crowned heads
or despotic sceptres can invoke, will over throw
our ship upoifth’o-100 shore or put put the light
of this American Union.
In considering the means by which this re
public is to bo preserved, I’would in
tho first placo, that Government is of Divine ap
pointment. If wo turn to tho 13th chapter of
tho Epistle to tho Romans, wo shall find this
question definitely and absolutely settled. Wo
there read : “ Let every soul bo subject npto
the highor.powcrs, (tho civil authorities.) For
there is no power but of God: tbe powers that
be are ordained of God,” God has appointed
civil government. Ido not say that God has
given us absolutely any specific form ol govern
ment. I J do say, I fearlessly say, that tho men
who claim tho Divine right of kings, claim right
which God gave in His wrath. God did give a
king to Israeli but God gave him in his wrath.
That, however; is merely by the way.
In a government of the people, the laws are
of thoir own selection. Wo are subject to a
Constitution ordained by ourselves. The for
mation of that Constitution was object of
long solicitude to wise heads and noble hearts.
You romombor that tliosb largo minded patriots
in tho Constitutional Convention expended up
on their task five weeks of anxious thought and
consultation ; yot a satisfactory issue seemed
still far distant; no daylight appeared to break
upon them.. Then , Franklin, (though ho baa
been suspected of rather skeptical views on tno
subject of religion,) made bis grand proposi
tion. He rose and said that the Convention
bad been laboring in the dark, trying to get
along alone ; he desired that they should get
some fight from God, and proposed that prayer
should bo offered. The proposition was adop
ted ; and, if I recollect aright, in three days af-
ter that, tho Constitution of tho United States
was completed and.signed.
Tho next point I would notice is tho duty that
all men owe to the Government. Every citizen
of our country, whether an official man or unof
ficial, whether a native born or adopted, owes
allegiance to the .Constitution and laws o( the
United States as he does also to the Constitu
tion and laws of his respective State, and to tho
municipal authorities. :In this groat compact,
as citizens, we are bound. Obedience to tho
legal authorities is not a mere matter of option.
Wo may not say, “ I will do as I please; I will
obey or not obey, as suits my wishes or my con
venience.” You are hound, my brethren. The
official man is bound by bis oath ; the adopted
citizen is bound by his oath, tho native-born
citizen is bound by his immutable birthright.
What are the teachings of the Bible as to the
duty which all men owe to the Government
The great Teacher, the grand Reformer, the
mighty Missionary from tho skies, who made
Judea’s hills resound with the eloquence of his
sentiments and the divinity of his doctrine, was
on one occasion applied to by some persons who
were anxious to ensnare him. ‘ls it lawful,’
said they,'to give tribute to Ctesar?’ Jesus
was living under Ctesar’s government; Jesus
was amenable to Ceosar's laws. Had the son
of God answered ‘no,’ instantly the charge of
treason would have been brought agaipst him.
But he. knowing their hypocrisy, said unto
them. ‘Why tempt ye me? Bring me a pen
ny, that I may see it.’ And they brought it.-
And he said unto, them : .‘Whose is this imago
and superscription ?’. And they said unto him.
‘Cmsar’s-’ What then, did Jesus say? Did
he say, ‘Never mind Coosar; Ctosar is a tyrant;
his laws are not worthy of obedience; pay, or
not pay. us you like ; and if they attempt to
force you to pay. then fight!’ Did Jesus say
that ? Not a word of it. Jesus, answering,
said unto (hem, ‘Render to CmSar the things
that are Cresar’s, and to God the things that
are God’s.’
In the tcnchingsof Jesus Christ, there is. you
perceive, no interference- with the civil institu
tions of the land—no attempt lo excite the peo
ple lb riot or bloodshed. Christ says in effect,
“Go meet the claims of the Government; you
may not like it, but you are under it, and you
arc bound to it.”
The Constitulion and laws of this country
are made by ourselves. We may not be entire
ly satisfied with them; if so. there is a legiii
mate and orderly mode by which they can be
altered. The adppted citizen has no right to
complain if our Cofistituiion and laws' do not
suit him. He came to this country of his own
choice; he voluntarily went before the authori
ties, and laying his hand upon this glorious
book of God, pressing it also to his lips as an
evidence of fidelity, he took a solemn oath that
he would obey the Constitution and Laws of
the United States; or he solemnly affirmed that
ho would do so. Did he not assume this obli
gation voluntarily f Has he any right to inter
fere in opposition toour Constitution and laws"?
Does he say, -I do not like yeur Constitution ?’
Then, sir, pack up and go home: the sooner we
are rid of you the belter. We did not ask yon
to come here; and if you have come here lo
find faujt with pur. !nslitaUQtistand:,oui' 'Javvir
go home where yon have belter.
It is not a matter of option whether we shall
be loyal to the government. The Constitution
and laws of this country are our Caesar, and on
us rests the solemn duty of obedience.
In the 7fh verse of the 13th chapter of Ro
mans, we have this injunction Render there
fore to all their dues ; tribute to whom tribute is
due ; custom to whom custom ; fear to whom
fear; honor to whom honor.” This is the du
ty of the American citizen. The performance
of this duty is one of the methods by which we
are lo keep together these Slates in one magni
ficent brotherhood, an object of universal'admi
ration-
In this Bible, our guide toward the practical
duties'of life, without ihe performance of which
we cannot be good citizens, we have also pre
sented to us the duty of husband and wife. I
need not detain you by referring to the passa
ges ol Scripture; you will find them in Ephesi
ans v chap., xxv, iv., and Colossians 111, xviii,
xix, and first Peter the third chapter. • The
husband is enjoined to treat with deference and
honor the (vomafi of his choice. If he fails to do
this, he is recreant to every principle of manly
honor: but hois no viler, after all, than the
perjured governor, or. perjured judge, or per
jured lawyer; or perjured magistrate, or per
jured adopted citizen, who will assist in the vi
olation of the Constitution and the laws of the
country.’ " ~ " '
We have also distinctly pointed out the rela
tive duties’of parents and children. I. regret
that my time does not allow me to dwell on
these points. The duty' of the child to obey the
parent is slated in the most absolute terms. —
“ Children obey your parents,in the Lord ; for
this is right.”—Eph. vi. i. Parents are com
manded to bring up their children. “ in the nur
ture and admonition of the Lord.” The parent
that is guided by this Bible will teach bis child
fidelity to God, fidelity to his country, fidelity
to the Constitution, and fidelity to the laws.-
The Christian parent will tench his child to re
speot the magistracy, not to abuse nor villify
them. Why you may see little urchins, eight
or ten years of age, running about your streets
—oftentimes in rags and filth, at other times
clad in the habiliments of gentlemen’s sons
reviling your President, denouncing your Gov
ernors, and ridiculing your laws! Has such a
child been brought up “ in the nurture and ad
monition, of the Lord?” Has he been trained
in accordance with the principles of the gospel?
No. But if our institutions are to bo kept from
peril, the parent or the guardian, Ihe father and ,
the mother must instruct their children in the
principles of the Bible—honor, integrity, patri- ;
otism—love of country and love of the race. — ;
Do not set your children an evil, example; do
not inflame them, with passion, and darken their ,
minds with prejudice; do not bring them up to ,
hate their fellows; but subject them to bo blcs- ,
sed influences of this gospel. ,
It is only neecssary that we follow the in
structions of the Bible. As I believe in the ex
istence of a God, I believe that this book—
whatever it may be to other people and other
nations—l believo that this open; free, unlearn
meled Bible is, as I have said, the sheet-anchor
of my blessed country. I have no other pana
cea to present. ~ ... ■ .
Again, we have the duties of master and ser
vant clearly set forth., “Servants be. obedient
to them' that are your roasters according lo the
flesh, with fear anil’ trembling, in singleness of
your heart, as unlq' Christ; riot with eye ser
vice, as men pleasers', but ; as’ the servants of
Christ, doing tho will of God from tho heart;
with good will doing service as to tbo Lord,
and not to men; knowing that whatsoever good
thing any man doetb, the same shall he receive
of the Lord, whether he be bond or free. And
ye masters, do the same unto them, forbearing
threatening; knowirig that your Master also is,
in Heaven; neither is tho resp.sCt.o£,pcrspns with
This is the teaching of the Holy Ghost, remem
ber. There is no Stale in this nation, there is
no county in this nation, there is no town in
this nation, there is no township in this nation,
where I would not stand up as God Almighty s
minister, and preach these doctrines of His
Gospel, whether men wonld hear or forbear. I
would preach the duties of the master, just ns
“oca COUNTRY—MAT IT ALWAYS BE RIOUT OR WRONG, OUR COUNTRY.”
CARLISLE. PA., THURSDAY, DECEMBER 15, 1859. t
•• • h
1-would those of the parent, or the hnsband or
the wife. I would say, “ Sir; you are bound
by the God who made you to treat that servant
kindly and honorably, and provide faithfully for
his needs.” • The master is bound by the very
same Gospel that binds the servant.
I do not go into the question?, as to the locali
ty. the moral right, the rcligiqtis right of these
relations. I say these things’'are here ; 'these
things existed in the days, of \ilesus Christ
.Whatever is wrong this Gospel-Will correct. If
we carry out its doctrines weshall have peace.
..Are'wo-all conscientiously, impressed with
-this sacred obligation to obey the Constitution
and the laws? We must reinetyiber that if Wo
disregard this obligation; we become guilty be
fore God and, man. If any biiiaeu directly or
indirectly violates the Constitution a"nd the
laws, whether by bis own,act, 1 or by abetting
others, he is in such proportion destroying his
title to good citizenship, and fie is a perjured
man. ,1
What man in this house to-day. what man
belonging to these United States, (and may the
lime never come when, any mortal on the foot
stool o( God Almighty shall bo-able to say any
thing else ihan/AcseUriiteß Slates.)—what man
in this nation, whether, he be ainative or adop
ted citizen, is willing to see the Utenp dissolv
ed? You may say there is no danger. I tell'
you, my brethren, there is"daijger unless our
people come up to the great duty of obeying
God, of " rendering unto CaJsaMhe things that
are Cffisar.’s” —unless our pu.(pits cease their
clampr against the Cuostilutiou and -the .'laws
—unless the ministers of Qod;regard their ob.
ligations and teach the people their duty of fi
delity to, Caesar and (idelity to God—unless
men cease prcachig frdm the altar that it is.
better to pul into a man’s hand a ride, a death
weapon, rather than a mothers Bible—unless
we cease the agitation and (iGilse'that arrays
State against Stale—unless w(j abandon all sec
tionalism, and resolve that tVe. will adhere to
the Constitution and the laws, reforming that
Constitution and those la\vs: wl)en necessary!
by legitimate and orderly methods. If we move
on in this way, our Republic will remain. If
there is any man who would like to see this na
tion severed, who would..tear into fragments
that banner of stripes and stars, and pluck the
feathers from the proud eagle of thy Country,
let him fall crushed and mangled before a ga
zing. a laughing, a b ahpheming world of
crowns and despotic-sceptres. :Tsny to day,
before,the Eternal lAM Father, Son and Holy
Ghost, (and it I were on tire banks of the Poto
mac, standing by that vault aVSlount Vernon,
I would say it/over the sacred., dust of ihii im
mortal Washington.) the mah'tlint would labor
or wish for the dissolution of the American Un
ion. let him be analhema maran alh'a.
■ini'TO’ Iprinmit.
From the KunU llspsler.
Farm Work for ITeeember.
The work to be done by tlip jfarrocr faring
■ atiis 'iiioniiS is' of K desultory character,’ and
consists-rather of odd Jobs than of any connec
ted suiics of operations. I’et much may be ao
cdmpiishcd bolh.iu doors and ,out of doors, to
advance and, facilitate those labors which often
become so, exceedingly'pressing at the .first
opening o( Spring.' There is, moreover, at this
season of the year, a bottler opportunity to
provide for the winter comforts of the, family,
because there is more spare time to devote to
this laudible service. There is the house to be
made close and snug; trees and shrubs to
plant out in open weather upon the lawn waits,
and farm roads to be attended to. Useful
boohs to be purchased for reading at the cozy
fireside during the dead of winter, and all the
various plans for improving the soil and pro
moting the growth of the next season’s crops,
to be thought oyer and decided upon. Com
paratively speaking, from December until the
close of February, it is a period of leisure, so
far as active and continuous field work is con
cerned ; but the time may, nevertheless, be
profitably spent not otdy in acquiring addition
al stock of useful knowledge, but in promoting I
I these social relations which go so far towards
promotin'" the real happiness of rural commu
nities, by evincing a neighborly regard for each
other’s welfarc t , and by that interchange of
opinion by which ao much va'uablo informa
tion is gained. The great objection urged
against country life is the stale of isolation, in
which so many families are accustomed to
dwell. If this system of exclusiveness were
fairly broken,down, and frequent intercourse
between persons residing in the vicinity more
generally encouraged, the worst days of winter
would thus be deprived of half of their gloom,
and while the homewould be made more at
tractive by a succession of innocent pleasures,
the sentiment of local attachment, which is
generally so weak among our people, would be
come'so deep and abidingCs to sensibly lessen
that desire for change of scene which so fre
quently prevents the improvement of the home
stead and its surroundings, and tbc.proper cul
tivation .of the soil. With these preliminary
remarks, we now turn to those matters which
require attention during the month
There ere frequently periods'of open , weather
during this month, and espeotelly is this the
case in the middle States, when strong clays
.may be broken up with advantage to the soil,
which will be greatly benefited by the' disinte
grating action'off rest. But it is only on soils
of a stiff and adhesive nature that winter
ploughing exerts its most salutary influence.
Sandy soils and the lighter loams should, as a
matter of preference, be left undisturbed until
the spring, so that the chemical action of 1 the
soil.may operate at. once upon the newly-turned
earth, and thiis influence immediately the ger
mination of the seed. Even clay soils, if natu
rally wot should not be ploughed until the land
has been thoroughly drained. ,
FATTENING SWINB.
In fattening hbgd, warm and comfortable
pens will economise food to a considerable ex
tent; and*although it is a common practice to
feed them on corn in the ear.it is certainly
more wasteful than is supposed,- It has been
stated on good authority, that the outside leaves
of cabbages, salted and let stand for a month,
then mixed wjth buttermilk, will fatten a hog
in three weeks. For quick fattening, crushed
grain, partially fermented, is preferable,at all
times tp corn, either shelled or in the car, and
will effect a saving of at least fifty per cent, in
the process of elaborating ffesh. Thetroughs
should bo kept clean, 1 and Small quantities of
food should be given at a time, which should
bo frequently replenished. A capital method
of feeding, embracing cheapness and expedition
in fattening, Isas follows:
For the first month feed with boiled potatoes
and pumpkin's mashed together and mixed, af
ter the preparation has had time to cool, with
a sprinkling of corn meal, crushed oats or peas.
'From two to four weeks before killing, feed on
ly with dry corn and clean, cold To
prevent acidity, the hogs should, at all times,
have free access to charcoal and rolion wood,
and a mixture of salt and m»hcs. It has. been
.well said that a judicious farmer while feeding
WINTER PLOUGHING,
Bfllmteer.
his bogs well, will make them work for him in
return. This they will not fail to do if they
are liberally supplied with coarse materials to
turn into manure. The great secret in fatten
ing hogs expeditiously is to keep them; clean
and warm, and to feed them liberally, though
with but little at a time.
Harvesting corn.
If the corn has not been gathered in, see that
it is done as early in the month as possible.
Crows commit sad depredations upon corn
shocked in the Held, and become more ravenous
after the freezing of the soil prevents them from
obtaining other means of sustenance. : jit is,
moreover, a slovenly practice to leave corn ex
posed to the weather, and he is the best mana
ger, who pushes forward >*is work and secures
his crop under lock and' key at (he earliest op
portunity.
milch cows,
l Even fresh cows, if fed wholly on dry food,
'will speedily fail in their milk. If, however,
they are warmly housed and fed upon chopped
hay, mixed with meal and bran. and made into
a slop, they will amply repay the additional
attention which is thus bestowed upon their
wants. They should not, however, be kept
housed all the time, but should have free access
for a portion of each day in good weather to
the barnyard, and to a liberal supply of pure
spring water. They should, also, receive salt
regularly twice a week.
COLTS AND YOUNG CATTLE,
Tf these tender animals are carelessly fed on
rough, dry food; under the impression that it
is too expensive to treat them with the same
attention that is given to milch cows and work
ing cattle, they will surely, indicate,-by their
stunted growth and rough unsightliness, the
ill effects of this bad management, The growth
of all animals is promoted by proper feeding
and 'care,'and if they are neglected when they
are young, ho amoont of subsequent attention
Will compensate for the neg'cct. Give them,
therefore, a warm shelter, and maintain them
in health by a fair, supply of appropriate food.
Sheds lor housing sheep during ine’ement
weather, are indispensible on every well ap
pointed farm. They should'bo bedded with
straw or leaves occasionally, wateredTcgularly.
and should have their racks well filled with
pood hay, or-with, provender equally nulrilous.
Bock salt should be deposited .in places con
venient of access to them at all times.
FIREWOOD.
During frosty weather, when all the usual
fanning operations are suspended, there is yet
exhiferating work which may be accomplished,
in providing a supply of firewood for use du
ring the ensuing year. Haul it home while the
ground is frozen, and see that it is neatly cord-,
ed up under shelter, whore it can remain until
it is properly seasoned.
’ If there is but little wood upon the farm be
yond what is needed (or the purposes of fenc
ing, it would bo better to reserve it for that
particular use, and purchase coal for- fuel,'
wherever had at a cost not touch ex
ceedibg five dollars pc-r t'dn. 1
FENCING.
There is nothing that is more apt (o make
breachy cattle or to provoke dissention between
neighbors, than weak or insufficient fences.
Provision should therefore be made in due time
to guard against contingencies of this sort, by
getting out a sufficient quantity of fencing
stuff. As worm fences are at the best unsight
ly objects, arc only justifiable when it is nec
essary to enclose a piece Of ground expeditious
ly, we recommend that the post and rail should
invariably be adopted, whenever lime and op
portunity will allow of their being used. The
rails and posts after being split, into proper
lengths, should be hauled into the barn or un
der a shed, where iti bad weather they may be
readily pointed, hewed and morticed, ready to
set up at the first convenient opportunity.
DRAINING AND DITCHING.
If low lands, full of bushes and slrong roots,
require to be ditched, the best time, to do it is
in the winter, when the ground is frozen two
or three inches deep. ' The roots, which would
otherwise prove exceedingly troublesome, can,
at that season, be,cut through with an axe.
and all the matted surface thus broken up and
removed. When these difficulties are removed,
it will be an easy matter to complete the re
mainder of-the ditch in lhe>spring.
CARTS, FARM TOOLS, AND IMPLEMENTS.
Examine these and see that all defects are
repaired, so that no time may bo lost when
their services are required.
MATERIALS FOR MANORS
The winter season oilers an excellent oppor
tunity for collecting materials from the woods
and marshes and headlands, for converting into
manure either by spreading them in the barn
yard or by collecting them into heaps for the
purpose of forming composts with lime and
ashes and refuse salt. No work upon the farm
will pay a better profit than this.
A Happy Home.
The first year of married life is the most im
portant era in the history of husband and wife.’
Ciencrally, as it is spent, so is-a'most all sub
sequent existence. The wife and husband then
assimilate their views and their desires, or else
conjure up their dislikes, and so add .fuel to
their prejudices and animosities forever after
ward. ,
“I have read somewhere,” says the Rev. Dr.
Wise, in his “Bridal Greetings,” of a bride
groom who gloried in bis eccentricities. He
requested his bride to accompany him into the
garden a day or two after the wedding. He
then threw a line over the roof of their Cottage.
Giving his wife one end of it, ho retreated Jo,
the other side and exclaimed :
“Pull the line!"
• I can’t,” she replied. , ;
“Pull with all your might!” shouted the
whimsical husband.
But in vain were all the efforts of the,.bride
to pull over the line, so long as her husband
held on the opposite end. But when became
round, and both pulled at 000 end, it came
over with great ease. - .. ~,,
“There,“ said he, as tho line fell from the
roof, “you see how. hard and ineffectual was
our labor when we pulled in opposition to each
other, but how easy and pleasant it is when we
both pull together. It will be so, my dear,
through life. If wo act together, it will be
pleasant to live. Let us, therefore, always pull
together.”
In this illustration, homely as it may be,
there is sound philosophy. Husband and wife
must mutually bear and concede, if they wish
to make home a retreat of joy apd bliss. One
alone can not make homo happy. There must
be union of action, sweetness of spirit, and
great forbearance in love in both husband and
wife, to secure the great end—happiness in the
domestic circle.
changablo the wind is,” said Mrs.
Partington, upon her return from a walk in the
city; “ it la the changablost thing I ever did
sec. When I wont up Cannon street, It was a
blowlnMn my face,, and when X turned to go
down,"it wont Wowin' on my back?"
SHEEP.
Some days since, while writing in my office,
my attention was directed to a small spider de
scending from the wider side of a tabic in the
corner of the room, where it had:stationed itself
unmolested. A large horse-fly, mpy limes
too largo for the Spider (which was very small)
to.manage, had by some means,become disabl
ed. and lay on the floor. The spider descended
to the fly, and, with some caution,.began to en
tangle it in Us web, and soon had it completely
bound. Thespider then ascended to the tabic,
and soon descended again ; and thus continued
to ascend and descend for some time, fastening
the By more,completely each' time it returned.
I was at a loss to know its object in binding
the fly so completely on the floor. Soon, how
oyer. it ceased descending, and appeared to be
busily employed at its station near the table.
I could not conceive what ‘ its object was in
passing about so actively; but imagine my
surprise when, in a short lime, I saw the fly
leave' the floor, and begin to ascend towards (he
table. This was soon explained. The spider
had attached a number of cords to the fly, ex
tending from the table, and by stretching each
to its greatest tension, and confining the upper
end, the elasticity of all the cords, some fifty or
more, was combined in raising the fly. By
continuing the process of tigntening one cord
at a time, in some fifteen or twenty minutes the
fly was raised to the table, and there deposited
for future use. s ... .. .
Hero was a lesson in mecnamcs taught by a
spider; and where is the difference in principle
between this machine of the spider and a cord,
ns used with a number of pulleys by a man ?
Thespider, as he had no pulleys to enable him
to use one long cord, and tighten the whole by
applying a force at one end.-as man does, effec
ted the same object by using a number of cords,
and tightening oue at a time, thus obtaining
the force of them all
AT 32,00 PER ANNUM,
NO. 27'.
The Superiority of Educated Labor.
The most abundant proof exists, derived from
ail departments of human industry, that uned
ucated labor is comparatively unprofitable. I
have before me the statements of a number of
the most intelligent gentlemen ip Massachu
setts, affirming this fact, as the result of an
experience extending over many years. In
Massachusetts we'have no native-born child
wholly withofft school instruction; but the de
grees of attainment in mental deyclupempnl arc
•various, llalf a dozen years ago, the Massa
chusetts. Boam of education obtatnetJ state
ments froth large numbers of our master man
ufacturers, authenticated from the books of
their respective establishments, and covering a
series of years, the result of which was. that
increased wages were found in connection with
increased intelligence, just as certainly as in
creased heat raises the mercury in the thermo
meter.
Foreigners, and those coming-front, other
Slatesj who made their marks, when they re
ceipted their bills, earned the least; those,who
had a moderaie or limited education occupied a
middle-ground on the pay.roll;’ while the in
telligent young., women .who in the
miffs in winter,.and taught schools in summer,
crowned the list. The larger capital in the
form of intelligence yielded the larger interest
in the form of wages. The inquiry teas not
con lined to manufacturers, but was extended
to other departments of business, where 1 the re
sults of labor could be made the subject of ex
act measurement.
This is universally so. The mechanic sees
it, when he compares the work of astupid with
that of an awakened mind. The traveler sees
it,when he passes Irons an educated into an un
educated nation. There are countries in Eu
rope, lying side by side, where, without com
.pass or chart, without bound or land-marks, I
could run the line of demarcation between the
two, by the broad, legible characters which ig
norance has Written oh roads; fields, houses,
and the persons of men,-women, and children
on one side, and which knowledge has inscribed
on the other.
This difference is most striking in the me
chanic arts ; but is clearly visible also in hus
bandry. Not the most fertile soil, not mines of
silver and gold, can make a nation rich with
out intelligence. Who ever had a. more fertile
soil than the. Egyptians ? Who -have handled
more silver and gold than the Spaniards? The
universal cultivation of the mind and heart is
the bnly true source of opulence—the cultiva
tion of the mind, by w hich to lay hold on the
treasures of nature; the cultivation of the heart,
by which tp devote those treasures to beneficent
uses.
Where this cultivation exists, no matter how
barren the soil or ungenial theclime, there com
fort and competence will abound ; for it is the
intellectual and moral condition of the cultiva
tor that impoverishes the makes it teem
With abundance. Tle who disobeys the.law of
God in regard to the culture of the intellectual
and spiritual nature, may live in the valley of
the valley of the Nile, but he can fear only the
i-lean kino” of PharaPb ; but he whifobeys the
highest law, may divell in the cold and inhos
pitable regions'of Scotland or of New England,
and “well-formed and fat-fleshed kine” shall
feed on all his meadows, —Horace Mann.
, CnDglit in His Own Trap.
Once two ministers of the Gospel were com
versing on extemporaneous preaching;
‘.‘ .Well,” said the old divine, waxing warm,
•“ you are rnining.yoUrself by writing your ser
mons and reading (hem oft. Your congrega-
tion cannpt-become interesting in your preach-
ing ; and if you were called upon to preaiih Un
expectedly, unless you coiild'get hold of an old
sermon, you. would be completely confused”’
' The yodhg divine used’ all his eloquence, but
in vain, to convince the old gentleman that the
written sermons expressed his own thoughts
and feelings, and if called upon, ho could preach
extemporaneously.
“As we arc of the same faith," said the’
young minister, “suppose you try the next
Sabbath morning.” On ascending the pulpit
you;can hand mo a text from any part of the
Bible, and I will convince you that I can preach
without having looked at the text before.l stood
up. >■ Likewise, I. must be allowed the same
privilege with you, and see who will make the
beat of it.”
The idea seemed to delight the old gentleman,
and it was immediately agreed upon.
The following Sabbath, oh mounting the pul
pit, the;senior brother handed him a slip of pa
per, on which was written : “ And the ass open
ed his mouth and spake;” from which he
preached a glorious sermon, chaining.the,atten
tion of his' deli'gl/led hearers, and charming his
old friend with, hqt eloquence.
In the a/terhoon, the young brother, who
was ailting'below' the pulpit,.handed his slip.
Alter rising and opening the Bible, the old man
looked sadly around-—* Am I not thine ass?”
Pausing n few minute's, he ran his fingers
through his hair, straightened his collar, blew
his nose like the last trumpet, and read aloud—
“ Ani f not, thipe ass 1” Another pause, in
which a deadly silence reigned. After reiding
the third time—“ yi|in I not thine ass?”—he
looked over the pulpit at his friend, and, in a
doleful voice, said—“ I think I am, brother."
•Engineering of Spiders;
i&bs anil (Ink
03* The beauty of holiness, like the. atm. It
soon by its own light.
By Why is a sheet of postage stomps like'
distant relations T Because'tbey are butslight
ly connected.
The service cf earthly temples on In
tended to prepare for the employments of hear*: •
ep, and to conduct their worshippers to its hap
piness;— W. Barton.
> “ F ell ’ John > lam 8«iog East; who*
shall I fell your folks f” •• Oh, nothing—but If
they say anything about whiskers, you can list .
tell them that I've got alow.’* •
03" A disease, resembling the cholera; has
broken out among the swine of Western Ten
nessee, and is pforing so destructive that the
entire pork crop of that suction is threatened
with annihilation.
(XT'The tobacco crop Of Kentucky-far tbls
year is stated to be twenty-tour thousand eight
hundred and tllty-four hogsheads, and la val
ued at one million nino hundred and flfty-eight
thousand three hundred and twenty dollars.
Qy The practice of ovor-riding considera
tions of mercy, benevolence and good neighbor
ship can only bo tolerated in courts whciejudg
co were without humanity, jurors without hearts,
aud lawyers without souls. . 4
E 7" Digby says, «< if that gold Woman recent
ly exhumed from an Indian grave on the Isth
mus, is of good size and will come on here, he
will marry her.” Ike thinks that she would
make a Jewel of a wile.
Qy A correspondent ol Porltr’t Spirit, sayai
“ Did the United. States adopt any measures to
delay the European war I” And answers his
own question, “ Ves, they sent Morphy over to
hold their kings in cheek.” .
[£?” •! What is tho.nicaulhg of a backbiter t’l
said a reverend gentleman during examination
at a parochial school. This was a puzzler. It
went down the class till Jt reached a simple lit
tle urchin, who said; “P’raps it bo Djflea.’’
07“ Smith, the other day, while, looking at
the skeleton of a .donkey, and admiring and
wondering at,the structure 61 that despised ani
mal, made a very maladroit quotation : “ An;’*
said he, “u-e uru fearfully and wonderfully
made.”
■ 05” A man who has the vulgarity and petti
ness to insult a once generous employer who
has become a l.ellpw employee with him, should
he treated with significant contempt. Such an
ipgrate will, doubtless Had bis fltting reward,
sooner of later.
0?” There Is no. safer protection against liter
glars Ilian to feed your baby, before going to
bed, with green apples. 1 It will certainly begin
to cry before midnight,.and it is equally certain
that it can’t ho stopped before morning.
~K?". Which causes a girl the most pleasure—
to hear herself praised, .or another run down ?
Hard to decide. A bachelor friend hazards the
notion that “ both cases are about equal;’’ hilt
allows that “ rntrclrmay bo said on both sides.”
CC7” Oh ye poets hud proaprs, who aspire to
Write in periodicals, (Oku care, pray j-otako
care, to cultivate a good, plain, bold, found
text. Have an eye to your pothooks. Do as
the schoolboys do—pul out your tonguo and
take pains, -.- t
OS’* “ Pompey, why la a journey found dls
world like a cape tail /’* . -
“ Well, Gulf, 1 doscu’t ’zackly sec any sedt
blanco ’twixt de two cases.”
“ Well, den, nigger, I ’apect I’ll bavo to tell
you. Bekaso it am fuf to. (bo end of it.” .
K 5” A butcher presented a bill for (ho tenth
time to a rich skiutilint,. “It strikes me,”, sild
the latter, “that this Isa pretty round bill.”—
“res,” replied the butcher, “j’vu sent it
round often enough to make it appear so; and
I have called now Jo get it squared.”
ff-?* A merchant oi a certain city, whp. died
suddenly, left in his desk a letter written to ono
of his correspondent. His sagacious clerk, see
ing it necessary to send the letter, wrote at tbs
bottom: “ Since writing the above! hare died.”
K?“ An Irishman wasaccuaod of sieafihga
handkerchief (rom a fellow traveler, but the
owner, on finding it, apologized to Pat, and
auid it was a mistake. “Arrah, my jewel,” fe
torled Pat, “ was a two-sided mistake—you
took me lor a thafe, and 1 took you for a gin
tlenian.” 1
Tlie Strongest Ilian in (lie ffotlif.
" Acorn,” who hits astonished our millers
some time sihee by his description of >Ji.-
vcllous feats of strength of Dr. Georg.; 15., VV
ship, of Roxhury, Massachusetts. .«(i,li*iy <n
ihe Spirit 0/ the Times on the same sufj.-iii,'
says: i : ,
" Our young giant. Dr. George B. Winship,
of Roxhury, continues to increase in strength,
and now lifts with his hands, unaided by any
sttaps or hands, except those given to him by
thb Almighty, ten hundred and thirty-two
r pounds‘This I have seen him do. with as
much apparent case as an ordinary man dan.
, lift three hundred and . fifty pounds ? ■ Thisex
• traordinary young man only weighsone hun
dred and forty-two pounds, and is hilt twcHly
fiv'e years old. If he keeps increasing his
strength .as he has the past year, by the time
he is thirty-two years old he will indeed.,ho at
-Sampson.’- He has delivered his lecture m
Portland. Mo., hi Amherst. Mass., in Spring•
field,.hi Worcester, and in various other towns
'and .'cities, to overflowing audiences, and will
repeat it in Albany, Troy, and Buffalo, and has.
invitations from more towns and cities than ha
can possibly respond to for months to come.—
lie hopes, however, to be able to deliver the
lecture and give illustrations in New York,
Philadelphia, Baltimore, and some of the other
Southern cities, during the coming winter.—
This young man is not only physically strong,
but has an intellect equal to his extraordinary,
muscular powers. He is a giant in more ways
than one.”
i Mist/.
Michael Baird, (or Bear, as he was sometimes
called.) who lived near Little York, Pcnnsylva
nia, was a miserable miser. His father left a
valuable farm of five hundred acres in the vici-,
uity of Voile. with some farming and household,
articles. Ho kept a tavern for a number of
years—married and raised four, children. Ho
accumulated an imnjenso estate which'he're-'
served so tenaciously that he never afforded i
dollar for the education ..of bis children. He,
was never known today out one dollar in cash,
fur any article he might be in Want of; he would
either do without it. or find some person who
would barter with.li.im for something he could
not conveniently sell for the money, He farm
ed largely and kept a large distillery, which he
supplied entirely with his own grain. He kept
a leant for conveyance-of his Whisky and flour*
to Baltimore, where, when he could not sell for
money at a price to suit him. be bartered for*
necessaries lof his family and tavern. In - this'
way hu amassed an estate worth four hundred
thousand dollars. Such was his attachment to
money that he was never known to credit a sin
gle dollar to pity man. Upon the best mort
gage or other security that could be. given ha .
would not lend a cent. Ho never invested'one.
dollar in public funds, neither would he keep
the notes of any bank longer than he could get
them changed. Ho deposited his speeje in. a
large iron chest, until it would Hold, no more.
He then provided a strong iron hooped barrel,-
which be also filled. After his deathhis stroaMi
boxes yielded two hundred and thirty thousand
dollors in gold and silver- •
The cause of his death was as remarkable, as
the course of bis life. A gentleman from Vir
ginia offered him twelve dollars a bushel for
one hundred and ten bnshels of clover seed, but
ho would not sell it for less than thirteen dolf
jars, and they did not agree." The seed wall af-,
terwards sent tp Philadelphia, where it wajt
Isold for seven dollars per bushel, and brought,
in the whole five hundred and fifty dollars less
than the Virginian bad offered fpr if. Op re
ceiving an account of his sale, we walked pat*
through his farm, went to bis distillery, .sod
gave directions to bis people, lie then went
to bis wagon bouse and hanged himself,
Seimonlßepubltear-..