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THE ABSENT MOTHER.
BY MBS NOBTOS'
It is tlio twilight hour,.
The daylight toil is done,
And the last rays are departing s
: Of the cold and wintry sun.
it is the time when friendship
Holds converse lair and free,
It is the time when children
- Dance round the mother’s knee.
'v j}ut my soul is faint and heavy,
r- - ' Wiltia yearning aad ad deep;
By the fireside.lone, and dfeaVy
~;t me down and weep !
Inhere are ye merry voices,
4 Whoso clear and birdlifye tone
Some other ear now blesses
Less anxious than mine own 7
Where are ye, steps of lightness,
, Which tell like blossom-showers ?
Where are ye, sounds of lauglitcr,
hat cheered the pleasant hours I
Through the dim light slow declining,
Where my wistful glances fall,
I can see your pictures hanging
Against the silent wall.
They gleam athwart the darkness
With their sweet and changeless eyes.
But mute are ye, my/children,
No voice to mine/ioplios. .
Where are yo ? Arit you playing ■
By the stranger’s iflazing hoartl);
Forgetting in your g(adncss , '
Tour old homo’s former mirth?
Are ye dancing ? Are ye singing f
Are ye full of childish glee 7
Or do your light hearts sadden
■Willi the memory of met ?
Kound Whom, O gentle darlings,
Do your young arms fondly twine 7
Does she press you to her bosom,
Who hath taken you from mine ?
Oh, boys, the twilight hour
Such a heavy time hath grown—
It recalls with such deep anguish,
All I used to call my own—
That the harshest word that ever
Was spoken to mo there.
Would be trivial —would bo welcome—
In this depth of my despair. ■
Set no I despair shall sink not,
While life and love remain—
Though the weary struggle haunt me, .
And my prayer bo made in vain.
Though at tiiues my spirit fail me,
And the bitter tear-drops fall,
Though my lot bo hard and lonely, .
Yet I hope—l hope through all!
Wmllanmm*
ALWAYS IN THE WAY.
A STOUT POU PEttbSAU BT MOTHERS.
“Kain. rain, rain; will it never stop?” thought
little Amy Howard, as she pressed her small face
close to the window-pane, in vain attempts to
see further round tljo corner whence sister Anna
must come from school. It was not one of
those rainy days which every one loves, when
the drops fall steadily and cheerily, and one
feelasuro that they are completingtheir mission
as., rapidly as possible in order to treat us'to a
' rainbow. , It was a cheerless, mizzly, drizzly
rain, that seemed unwilling to leave cloudiand,
■ -bent upon making everybody sympathize with
his ill-humor.
Poor little Amy looked the embodiment of
forlornity, as she watched the long, pendulous
branches of the elms sway hither and thither in
an uncomfortable manner. She wondered what
made the rain fall, and it the poor little doves
felt it through their glossy feathers; but she
know it was useless to ask her mother, for she
would only tell her not to ask so many questions
and keep out of her way.
.. Mrs. Howard loved her child ; but she was a
bustling, energetic woman, whosechief care was
to keep a well-ordered and tidy house, and she
did not' understand the delicate nature of the
little Amy, who laid been from infancy a feeble
child, and stood sadly in need of loving and
tender sympathy. She was not beautiful; but
for those who loved her there was a depth of
love in her little heart, which only needed an
swering sunbeams to make it bear sweetest blos
soms, and light up her wan face with tho beauty
oi contentment.
This hud been such a sad day. In tho morn
ing she had climbed into a chair to watch her
mother’s proceedings at the pastry table, when
an unlucky motion of her hand had sent a dish
ot flour to whiten the floor, calling forth an im
patient-reprimand-from tho mother. Clicking
back a rising sob, she left the table and essayed
to play with her blocks, building with them a
wall to confine White Lilly, her kitten. But,
impatient at such imprisonment, she made a
vigorous effort to free herself, and, as she .suc
ceeded, scattered the blocks in every direction.
« What a looking room ?” exclaimed Mrs, H.;
“ I declare it’s no use to clean up, you got things
in the way so.”
■ No more house building for Amy after that;
so slid walked upend down tho room, singing
softly to tho kitten in her arms, till it was time
to Ibok for Anna’s return from school—Anna,
the dear little sister, who loved the little one,
and never told her to koop out of the way.
At last her patient waiting was rewarded by a
glimpse of Anna’s bonnet, and, with a cry of
joy, Amy bounded to open the hail door to greet
her sister with outstretched hands, and the
words, ‘pi thought you would never comet”
“ What ails my pet?” said Anna, as she took
tho child- in her lap; and ■ xting tho hair from
her pale face, remarked tho weariness in her
eyes.
“Nothing,” answered Amy, “ only my head
aches so, and I can’t play without troubling mo
ther.”
I? Anna sighed, for she knew the little' heart had
B Sore trials; so far into the dusky eve she sat
m. with Amy’s head laid upon her shoulders* tell-
H of the olden time, when the fairies danced
K by moonlight upon the green sward j when
K every bill and dale, every river and tiny stream-
K let, was haunted by unearthly beings. Then
H she told her of heaven, made glorious by God
ft, Itud tho Angels; and as Amy listened her eyes
f beamed with delight, and she exclaimed, rais
*“B bet head with animation:
“ Anna I must go there, X must; Is it such a
;/>% •, OI 'S wa y J ” Suddenly a shadow darkened her
}j> taco as she-said sadly, perhaps, though, I
' * 'oaroiMs 8 ” 1 ln tho Way of ,lle angels, !am so
i said the sister, clasping
' 'S I ' Il, “° form ’ «hiah in almost
prophetic sense was too surely fading awav.
At midnight there wore hurried steps and anx
, ’lous questions, as the household wm awakened
•■| 9hy Anna’s cry that Amy was After
sgptt
■ ir i “Mother, said Amy’s feeble voice, «I didn’t
w J “°°? to T b ° naughty, and got in your way so
■ much. I hope I shan’t trouble tho angels
, Good bye, mother, 1 am going to sleep.’? And
little Amy was dead,
pife - Lon g years tho grass’has grown on Amy's
f%|| f™' 0 ’ nl,<l harebells have rangtheir fairy chimes
5, °j° w bil« the birds sang requiems in tho
,'}S3f.; “““Wowing trees} but nightly, as she lays her
American
BY JOHN B. BRATTON,
VOL. 45.
head upon the pillow,. Mrs. Howard sees the Dying hours Of Aaron Butt. '
palo, woary face of her child, and hears a sweet ’ . .
voice say, “ Mother, I did not mean to got in In re P*y t 0 th .° inquiry made in our columns
the way.’ 9 Hot all in vain was the lesson taught a few weeks ago, for more definite information
by those dying lips. Seeds of gentleness ■end respecting the religious views and experience of
patience were sown in the mother’s heart, which, Aaron Burr, in the last hours of his life, a ladv
watered with the tears of repentance, give pro- of great intelligence and worth, a relative of
raise of an abundant harvest of pence. ’ the family ftnd of Ogden E. Edwards; who was
r Burr’s last friend, writes to'us a letter, from
•The Difficulties Of Home. which we make a few extracts. The facts here
The house mother also has her troubles; ay, stated are thrilling in their own interest, and
be she ever so gifted with that blessed quality • * ae 7 are , sufficient to stamp, os it deserves, the
of taking them lightly and cheerfully; weigh* great prime against society, committed by the
ing them at their just value and no more! never rece ? t biography of that bad man. Our corres
tormenling herself and every body else by that j wntes;
peculiarity of selfish and.narrow minds, which I _ o#o * Odgen E. Edwards, who
makes the breaking of a plate as terrible as the ’ £* led lo4o, felt a grateful interest in Colonel
crash of an empire. No one can hold the reins . from the fact of his having in his prosper
ed family government for ever so brief a time l ou j added my grandfather, Timothy Ed
without feeling fthab a difficult position it Is;]'?®™?* m . pecuniary difficulties. He admired
how great is daily need of self-control, as the , a | so *be mind God had given him, which, in all
very first means of controling others; of inces-1. 5 e gradations, shone forth in the most brill
sant individual activity, and d persona! carrying . lfl nt and fascinating narrations. He spent a
out of all regulations for the ordering of the es-! y eek wm y father’s after he was 70, and my
tablishment— unless faithfully observed im P re ssion of him and all of ho said and did, is
by the mistress, the eye and heart of the house, vei 2 v * vkk .. i .
arc no more than a dead letter to the rest of the was a baler of all mankind, ,and a trifler
establishment. No doubt this entails consider- pf all womankind, and violated all the rites of
able self sacrifice. It is not pleasant for lazy hospitality in the license-of his behaviour.—
ladies to get breakfast over at that regular early PartoQ,s book is a tissue of lies, as far as fami
hour which alonesets a household fairly going matters are related, and oh how evil in its
for the day ; nor for unarithmetical ladies, who. influence upon young men ! My father used to
have always reckoned their accounts by six- . rrs billing Hamilton was the least
pehces, to put down each item, and persevere in °- :
balancing periodically receipts and expenditure; r *. Edwards.found that Burr was contin
nor for weakly, nervous, self*engrossed ladi sto J* a "y annoyed, when he lived in Nassau street,
rouse themselves sufficiently to put their house p a s ? t . of m,s< - rable beings, who pretended to
in order, and keep it so, not by occasional have claims upon his charity. One morning
spasmotic ‘.‘setting to rights, 1 ’ but by a general there were e, S hteen or twenty, each telling the
methodical overlooking of all that is eoing on Blor y of h,s or , ber "™ n gs. The larger part
therein. : were women. He snatched a shilling from im-
Yet, unless all this is done, it is in vain to ? er his . P in J? d th f® vv } l atni3t }S them.; say
insist on early rising, or grumble , about waste, with pne of bis withering looks, * -here, ye
or lecture upon neatness, cleanliness and order, harpies, take the last cent ! have.’ Mr. B.
the servants gdt .10 learn that “missis is never then removed him, to Richmond, Staten Island,
in time l” and laugh at her complaints of their’ employed a fanhful Irish nurse
'unpunctuality. .They see no use in good man- aad went down every day to see him.
? agement or avoidance of waste. “Missis never ** Hne day as, he approached the hotel, the
knows about anything.” She may lecture un* n . urs ® T ° et bun near the door, saying, ‘Tndadc,
tiTshe is weary about neatness and cleanliness Si* ? ver ? *? ad ’* be wants ihe priest. ’ Mr.
—“just put your head into her room and see!” ? dwards sent, her for the Dutch clergyman, and
For all . moral qualities, good temper, truth, immediately entered Colonel Burr’s room. He
•kindliness;, and-above .all. conscientiousness, if foua ? him struggling with death, and all he
these arc deficient in a mistress, it is idle to ex- Coa^d understand was, ‘Call the priest, call, the
pect it in servants or children, or any member P"® 86 -. The nurse soon returned with a Cath
of the family circle. * olio priest, but he did not enter the. room. My
added, with a shudder, it was a fearful
scene, and I never wish to speak of it again.—
My’ mother told me, three months before her
death, that Odgen Edwards mentioned precise
ly the same circumstances to her.
“ We would gladly. that the grave should
hide all the dark catalogue. But the life of Col.
Burr is a study of no hlean interest and import
ance, and is it hot of fearful import that the
shoal upon whioh so gift.:! a being was wreck
ed, should be discovered ?”
Such is the testimony that has now been de
veloped. and although it merely lifts the curtain
for a moment upon the last, hours of Burr, that
moment is sufficient to show -us the dying sin
ner, struggling with the great enemy, and call
ing help froth the religion he had in his lilelirae
trampled under foot.
The Mount of Olives.
1 am told tha't, a montly&ago, the. Mount of
Olives was covered with beautiful flowers; now
they are all over, and, as most of the corn is
cut, it-is rather bare. It is dotted over with
scattered olive trees, which, in our Savior’s
time, were probably thick groves, giving a
good shelter from the heat of the sun. Its
present look is peculiar; the rock is a light
gray limestone, show itself in narrow ledges all
up the sides ; the soil is whitish, and the grass
now burned to a yellowish color on the ledges
in narrow strips, forms altogether a most deli
cate and beautiful color, on which the gray
green olives stand out in dark relief. The eve
ning sun makes it at first golden-hued, and af
terwards; as Tennyson writes, the purple brows
of. Olivet. In the afternoon we walked
up to the top of Mount Olives, whence you over
look the whole city, and also to the cast, the
Dead Sea, which is really only fifteen miles off,
and which looks quite close. This is one of the
most impressive views in ‘ the world, and if I
have time ! will certainly paint it, but I fear
that I shall not be able. On the top of the
Mount of Olives are gardens, and cornfields
stretoli down its sides, but all beyond seems
perfectly barren rock and mountains. The
Dead Sea seemed motionless, and of a blue so
deep that no water that I have seen can com
pare with it. The range of mountains beyond
is forty or fifty miles oft, and a thin veil of mist
seemed spread between us and them over the
sea, through which they appeared mrial and un
real: and, as the sun sinks, the projections be
came rose-colored, and the chasms a deep vio
let, yet still misty. When the sun left them;
the hazy air above them became a singular
green color, and the sky over rosy red, gradu
ally melting into the blue. .
. -Memoir of Scddon, the Artist,
Teacher’s Difficulties,
The opinion that che profession of teaching
is one in which no one would wish to engage
save those who are determined to “take the
world easy," has found credence in the minds
ol many of the present day.
Though the labors of- the teacher have been
greatly facilitated within tho last few years,
yet there is a great amount still incumbent
upon him in the proper discharge of his duty :
and, how much greater is that amount when
he lacks the co-operaiion of his patrons. They,
have the power, and theirs is the duty to render
him much assistance in his toils.
There are many ways in which his lahbrs
might be lightened. First, X would urge a
regular attendance on the part of the pupils,
though this is not generally supposed to inter
fere with the working of a school, but how
great the mistake, The proof of this can bo in
ferred from a supposition. Suppose a class of
six or, eight in Geography, Arithmetic, &c., and
the time pf recitation has arrived : perhaps three
or four of these were not present the previous
recitation,-and as a consequence ‘,‘did riot know
where the lesson was where is the teacher
who has-not heard this excuse again and again?
Nor is this the worst of it; for, if a pupil ik
aware that he is to be absent from school, he
would, most likely make no pretentions toward
studying the lesson of that day, consequently
there are two days lost for every one the pupil
is absent; besides what trouble is thus heaped
upon the teacher.
Another fruitful source of trouble to a teach
er, is tho,want of proper books, ora uniformity',
of text books. .
This is, perhaps, tho greatest difficulty with
which a teacher has to contend. Ido not wish
the inference drawn that the pupils Should bo
entirely confined to books; far from it. There
is much, very much useful knowledge not found
between the lids of our text books, and knowl
edge of that nature peculiarly adapted to the
children of our public schools. ■ The preparato
ry steps to a thorough, sound education seem
to have been entirely lost sight of by our most
distinguished authors, until quite recently, the
author of a work on Grammar, (Mr. Greene,)
has taken up the subject, and as. a result has
given models, which must necessarily “unlock
the various complex combinations ’ of ideas
connected with a commencement of that study,
by the children of our public schools; by es
tablishing a principle of analysis and induction,
he has rendered the study interesting to pupils,
and easily and readily imparted by tutors.
DSr*ln Philadelphia, on Saturday week, a
countryman was victimized out of a gold watch,
by a sharper, who paid for tho watch with a lot
of five dollar bills on banks that never existed.
The fools are not all dead yet.
02?” Tho oldest and at tho same time the
smallest city in Now England is thatol'Vorgen
nos, Vermont, which was incorporated in 1783.
It is tho only city in Vermont, and in 1858 con
tained 1,878 inhabitants.-.
* ' ' . ’ CARLISLE-, PA., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 18, 1858.
The lust Shall Dc First,
... Four creditors started from Boston in the
samp train of cars; for the purpose of attaching
the property of a certain debtor in Farmington,
in tho State of Maine. Ho owed each one sepo
rately, and they wore each suspicious of the ob
ject of -the other, but dared not say a word
about it. So they rode, acquaintances all,
talking upon every thing except what they had
most at heart. When they arrived at tho depot
at Farmington, which was three miles from
Where the debtor did business, they found noth,
ing to ‘put ’em over.the road’ but a solitary cab,
towards which they ail rushed. Tlireoo got in
and refused admittance to the fourth, and the
cab started. ‘
Tho f’ourtb ran alter and got upon the outside
with the driver. He asked the driver if he
wanted to sell his horse. Ho replied that he
did not want to—that he was not worth $5O, but
he would not soil him for that. He asked him
if he would take a hundred for him,... Yes, said
he. The “ fourth man” quickly paid over the
money, took the reins and backed tho cab up to
a bank—slipped it from tho harness and lipped
it up so that the door could not ho opened, and
jumped .upon tho horse’s back and rode offj
“ lick-a-ty-switch,” while the “ insiders,” wore
were looking out of the window feeling like
singed cats.
Ho rode to a lawyer’s and got a writ made
and served, and his debt secure, and got b/ick
to tho hotel just as tho “insiders” came up puff
ing and blowing. Tho cabnian soon bought
back his horse for fifty dollars.
The “ sold” men offered to pay that sum, if
the fortunate one, who found property sufficient
to pay bis own debtstfvouid not tell of it in Bos
ton.
, But as both parties have told a friend of ours,
thinking the story “too good to bo lost,” wo fool
at liberty “to lot the cat out of tho bagmore
particularly so, as it illustrates a passage that
we never heard fully explained but once, and
then by a school master, who said :
“ Scholars, this verso is plain ; when yon tie
up the cattle, old Buck goes in first, and old
Broad next. Broad went last, but ho will come
out 11 rat, and Buck wont ip first, but shall come
outlast.””'
Do the Bight Thing,
Whenever you are in doubt which of two
things to do, let your decision bp for that which
is right. Do not waver, do not parley: but
square up to the mark, and do the right thing.
Buy ! when you divide that apple with your
little sister, be careful not to keep the largest
half for yourself. Young. man ! don’t sneak
out of the basement door because you wish to
escape your father’s eyes. Maiden ! let not, the
most trifling deceit pass cuircnt in those little
acts which make the sum of your life.
No matter who you are, what your lot, or
where you live; you cannot afford to do that
which is wrong. The only way to obtain hap
piness and pleasure yourself is to do the right
thing. You may not always hit the mark ;
but you should, nevertheless, always aim at it,
and with every trial your skill will increase.—
Whether you are to bo praised or blamed for it
by others ; whether it will seemingly make yon
richer or poorer, or whether no other person
than yourself knows of your action, still, al
ways, and in all cases, do the right thing. —
Your first lessons in this will grow easier, un.
til finally doing tho right thing will become a
habit, and to do a wrong will seem an absolute
impossibility.
D 2?” Business at Danville, Pa., is improving.
Tho extensive iron works there, although notin'
full operation, are doing a good business.
05” In several of tho principal cities through
out tho Union salutes of one hundred guns have
boon fired in honor of tho success of Judge
Douglas in Illinois;
03?” A family in Now Bedford, Maas, j consist
ing of peven persons, wore recently poisoned by
using dogwood for fuel. Dogwood is generally
known to be poison.
05” There is said to be more Lager Boer
drank in Philadelphia, than in any city in Ger
many.
“O&ft CODNTRT—MAT IT AT,WATS BB RIOIIT—BDT BIGHT tIR WRONQ, OUR OOUNTRT.”
flow the Price of Bread is Managed in Paris.
Every bag of wheat, flour or meal that comes
to the city must be brought to the Halle au Ble,
or Grain Hall. This is an immense area, en
closed witli a circular wall, and covered by a
huge dome, so that it presents a vast; unbroken
hail, of grand and beautiful proportions, lighted
from the top. Various stalls, with desks, form
the offices of the clerks and employees. On the
floor of this hall are piled up, cob house fashion,,
in huge piles, ten to twenty-five feet high, the
bags of grain, presenting to the visitor a strik
ing panorama of solid plenty.
The.city of Paris .is surrounded by a wall,
not for defence, as it is comparatively flight,
but simply for police, revenue, and other mu
nicipal purposes, one of which is the regulation
of the bread market. Barriers, thafis gates,
with police officers and- revenue attendants,
form the only entrances to-the city "except the
river Seine, which has also its guards. Every
bushel of wheat or other grain brought to the
city for sale, must bp registered and stored at
the grain Ball, under heavy penalties. This
regulation is rigidly enforced,, which it is easy
to dp, at the barriers, with so bulky an article:
especially as the bags must be of uniform size.
From "this register of the daily supply, the
government of the city know at any hour just
how many pounds or pecks ofgrnin of any kind
there are in Paris. From the accurate statistics
required to be furnished, they know how much
flour or meal is baked daily at each bakery, and
how much bread of all kinds is consumcdl.
They are therefore able to.fix the weight arid
price of loaves, each size and shape of which
has its appropriate name, according to the ratio
between supply: and demand, allowing a fair
and just profit to producers, traders, and ba
kers, no more, no less. I’bts price, thus fairly
graduated, at short intervals, is fully proclaim
ed to the public, the dealers, the bakers, and
the police. , , ■ . .
The police are authorized to drop in. <U any
time, into any bakery, or., breadshop. wherever
bread is exposed for sale, and weigh the loaves.
There is also a special inspecting officer ap
pointed for this express purpose. His visits
are not stated, that they'may not have things
got ready for exhibition instead of inspection,,
■according to. ;ho English and American fashion
of doing such things.. If the inspector finds the
weight deficient, or the price of a particular
kind of loal too high' for the grade, all the bread
in the shop is swept off atonce, and distributed
to the hospitals and other icleemosynary estab
lishments of the city. Thus are the public pro
tected against private cupidity speculating in
the means of existence, i'
: What Mr-DoTon Breathe ? . ,
Is it the hot, impure air of a close, linvontila
tcd room, or the pure air of heaven 7 Much is
said,and truthiulty, of thensupcrior vigor of our
mothers and grandmotheVlover wivesand moth
ers of the present day. It wou.d he interesting
to know, how much of due to the kind of
rooms they stay in—thoyctin not he said to live
in such habitations. It ouimot he denied, that
many farm-houses, as now Constructed, are un
favorable to health. They are mofo “ comfort
able” than those of gur.ibthprs, and.have many
in' bno
particular at lenstytheyardless conduciverto tho
preservation Of health., The old-fhstiioned farm
houses had' low ceilings, it is true, b|)t then it
had largo rooms, especially the kitchen, and it
had a broad, open fire place,'making abundant
ventilation. The doors and windows, top, wore
not so sorupuly tight at the joints, as though the
external'' air were poisonous and must bo shut
out. 31110 moderns wailed up our fire-places,
listed every crack, and then put into them huge
airtight stoves. Then wo have sat down in
our comfortable rooms, expecting to enjoy good
health I •
It is no wonder that farmers’,families, every,
where, arc becoming less robust every year.—
Thu men, who are out of doors most of the
time, suffer comparatively little injury j but tho
females, confined ns they are, day and night, to
those Close apartments, are growing polo and
sallow, and nervous, and are breaking down
prematurely. ;
Every one should look at this matter, and, if
possible, apply a remedy. A partial one, at
least, is easily obtained. Make an opening In
your tiro place, us largo as a stove pipe, and an
other in the chimney-breast, near the coiling,
for the escape of foul and oyer-heated air.—
Then, to supply tho room with fresh air, and to
promote a good circulation, attach springs or
pulleys to the upper sashes of yourwindbws,so
that they can bo dropped a few inches from the
top. It is well to hang a ctirtain before the
opening, to prevent too sudden drafts of air
upon tho occupants of tho room,, .This, or somo
other contrivance for introducing fresh air, and
carrying off tho impure, will do much to pro
mote tho health and comfort of our families.
Many of our readers have heard of the “ First
Families, of Virginia,” but few, we take it,
know how the term originated. An exchange
explains it thus r
In the early settlement of that State, it was
found impossible to colonize it unless women
went there. Accordingly, a ship load was sent
out, but no planter was allowed to marry one
of them until he had first paid ' one hundred
pounds of tobacco for her pass Age. IVhen the
second ship load came, no one would pay more
than seventy-five pounds for the matrimonial
privilege, except it were a very superior article.
Consequently, the descendants.of all those who
Were sold for one hundred, pounds of tobacco
were ranked as the first families, while those
who brought but seventy-five pounds are now
ranked as the second families ; and the reason
why no one can never find any of • the. second
families, is because you can’t gel a Virginian
to admit that his mother only brought seventy,
five pounds of tobacco.
IX?” Tlio yellow foyer lifts abated in New Or
leans to such an extent as to bo no longer epi
demic.
K?” The Delaware Bank, at Delhi, N, Y.,
was robbed, on Saturday night week, of $37,-
000. A pretty largo haul.
qry- Xn Now York city the rate of taxation is
something more than ton dollars a head for
every human being within its limits..
IX?” A Yankee Physician, named Bates, from
Ashfleld Mass., has established himself and is
doing a'good business in Hakodadi, Japan.
William Hoffman, of Honoybrook town,
ship, Chester county, has sonta boot to the of
fice of the Village Record, which weighs eleven
pounds. ...
[X?" At Lancaster, Pa., an apple tree is in
bloom again, and in New Jersey a farmer is
selling his s'oeond crop of raspberries at $1,25 a
quart.
Tho principal Telegraph Companies have
very materially reduced their tariff of charges
forqdespatohos between the principal cities of
tho Unton.
K?” Recently one of tho police officers of
New York, while registering tho voters of tliat
city, found in one tenant house fifty-one fami
lies, comprising one hundred and sixty-seven
persons, and in another house forty families,
.numbering one hundred and eighteen persons.
Origin of tlie P..P. V’s.'.
lii olltittetts
Penn’s Deed from Indians in 1085.
This indenture witncsseth that we Packcnah,
Jarcham, Sikals, Parlquesott, Jervis Essepen
auk, Felktroy; Hekellappan, Econus Machido
na, Mettheonga, Wissa Powcry, Indian Kings,
Sachemakers, right owners of all lands from
Quing Quingas, called Duck Creek, unto Up
land, called Chester Creek, all along by the
west of Delaware river, and so between the said
creeks backward as far as a man can ride in
two days with a horse, for and in consideration
of these following' goods, to us in hand paid by
William Penn, proprietary and Governor of the
province of Pennsylvania and Territories there
of, viz; - :
20 gnns, 20 fathoms mitcbcoat, 20 fathoms
strand water, 100 bars of load, 40 tomahawks,
I**o knives, 48 pair of stockings, 1 barrel of
beer, 20 . barrels of red load, 100 fathoms of
wampum, SO glass bottles, 30 pewter spoons,
100 awl blades, 300 tobacco pipes, 100 hands of
tobacco, 20 tobacco tonga, 20 steels, 800 flints,
80 pair ot sci ors, 30 combs, 00 looking glass
es; 2'‘o needles, 1 skipplo of salt, 80 pounds of
sugar, 5 gallonspf molasses, 20 tobacco boxes,
100 Jewsharps, 20 hoes, 80 gimblets, 80 wooden
screw boxes, 100 strings of beads. Do hereby
acknowledge, &c. Given under our hands, &c.,
at Newcastle, second day ot tho eighth month,
108").
The above is a true copy from a copy taken
from (bo original, by Ephraim Morton, now liv
ing in Washington county, Penna., formerly a
clerk in (ho Land Oflioe, which copy ho gave to
Wm. Stratton, and from which the above was
taken in. Little York, this 7th day of December,
1813, ~ , ,
Questions Answered.
The Nebraska Post, under the above caption
goeih it thus :
“A tew. days since, we received a letter froni
a friend at the east, making inquiries in regard
to our Territory, from which we clip the fol
lowing qu.stions, and append the answers. We
have been in Nebraska but a short time, and
our, knowledge being somewhat limited, we
hope due allowance will be niade for any mis
statements.
‘What kind of a country do you live in 1’
•Mixed and extensive. It is made up princi
pally of land and water. ’
•What kind of weather ?’
‘tong spells of weather are frequent. Our
sunshine conies oil principally in the day lime.’
‘Have you plenty of water, and how got ? ’
‘A good deal of water scattered about, and
generally got in pails and in whisky.’
Ts it hard V
‘Rather so, when you have to go half a mile,
pud wade in mud knee-deep to get it.’
‘What kind of buildings?’ ■
‘Allegoric, Jonio, Anti-Baloiic, Log and
-Slabs. The: buildings are, chiefly out-doors,
and so low between joists that the chimneys all
stick out through the roof.’
’ ‘What kind of society ?’
‘Good, bad, hateful, indifferent, and mixed.’
‘Any aristocracy?’,, . . '
‘Nan/ one.’
‘What do your people do for a living ?’
‘Some work, some laze around, one a shrewd
basilicas manager, and several drink whisky.’
‘ls it cheap living thereT
‘Only five cents a glass and water thrown
In J ’
lAny taste for music:? ’ . .
•Strong. Buzz and buck-saws in the day
time, and wolf-howling and cat-fighting of
nights.’ ’
‘Any pianos there .
•No ; but wo have cow-bells and a, tin pan in
every family.’ , r
‘Any manufacturers ?’
‘Every household. All our children are home
productions.’
‘What could a genteel family in moderate
circumstances do there for a living V
‘Work, shave notes, fish, hunt, steal, or if
hard pinched, buy and soil town property V
‘Aye your people intelligent V
‘Some know everything that happens, and
some that do not.’
‘Would they appreciate a well bred family of
sons and daughters ?’
‘Certainly, Great on blood slock ; would
take them to tho next territorial fair and exhi
bit them. Dear friend, your questions are an
swered. Bring on yqur blood stock and make
this your home.’”
C?” At Hartford, Conn., a few days ago, Jos.
Warren Newcomb, Jr., great grandson of'Gon.
Joseph Warren, of Revolutionary memory, was
married to Mary S. Sumner, great-grand-daugh.
ter of Gen, Israel Putnam.
t£?~ Recent advices from Paris say that tho
Emperor Napoleon has requested Mr. Morphy,
the American, chess player, to give a specimen
of bis blindfold playing before himself and tbo
Empress, at the palace of the Tuilorios.
KF* Two men have boon arrested in Wolver
hampton, England, for stealing a* coffin.“ Tho
coffin was of copper and worth $BOO-. Tho
thieves took out the body, and left it in tho
tomb, and sold the coffin for old copper.
■XT’ Lord Napier, the English Minister, has
informed the State Department at Washington,
that tho government of Nicaragua will avail it
self of the use of tho British fleet to prevent
tho landing oT r Walker and his filibusters upon
the soil of that country.
. A-colored man, from tlio yjcinify of Ur
bana, lias been spending a fow day’s in Spring
field, Ohio, who is one hundred and twelve
years of ago ! His hair is as white as snow
Strange ns if may seem, ho does not claim to
have boon a body-servant ol Washington. .
Kt* A piece of petrified wood, with a screw
perfectly formed in it, was recently found ono
hundred and fifty feet beneath tho surface of tho
earth, near Panola, Mississippi. It was em
bedded in what appeared to bo a block of bick
ory'wood twelve or fifteen inches square.
[E?” There was,a groat snako hunt in Foster,
R. 1., a fow days since. As a Mr. Brown was
walking across ins Hold, he discovered a black
snake, .which led him to believe that there wore
moro. In company with.two others, ho dug
over a small spot ol earth, and took out twonty
throo snakes that measured nine-three feet. .
UF”A Virginia gentleman proposes to do
nate $20,000 for the erection of an agricultural
college in tho vicinity of 'the University of Vir
ginia, on condition that the farmers of the State
will render the donation available for the pur
pose, by contributing tho additional sum of
$50,000.
H?” Tho Anti-Locompton Democrats of Berks
county, fired one hundred guns, at Reading, on
Saturday week, In honor of the triumph of
Douglass in Illinois.
|TS”~ An ox, weighing 4,200 lbs., and measur
ing 13 foot from tho end of tho nose to tho tip
of tho tail, was on exhibition at tho Petersburg
(Va.,) Fair, a few days ago.
ff?” Two dozen largo and fine pears, of tho
Duchess d’ Angoulome variety, were sold at
six dollars a dozen.
II?” A well known citizen of Cincinnati, John
T. Elliott, a broker, has been arrested on a
charge of conspiracy to blow up tho house of
his father in-law with gunpowder.
II?” Tho whiskey market at Salt Lake OitK
Utah, - Is in a flourishing condition. It is retail
ed at 26 cents a drink, but tho price does not
seem to diminish tho quantity drank.
AT $2,00 PER ANNUM.
0
/nrimr’o leparfomii
Fruit Culture.’
We had “ out out” tho list of fruit for gener
al cultivation, adapted by the American Pomo
logical Society ns Well as those “ promising
well,” intending to publish it as a guide in ma
king selections. Since then we have concluded
that tho greatly reduced list presented by the
Germantown Telegraph? (nearly all of which
are found on the Society’s list) might bo more
satisfactory, and probably lessen the wide
spread.evil of planting too many kinds, more
for the sake of variety than regard to merit.—
On this point we can fully endorse tho Editori
al caution, which is:
** One thing, however, should be remember
ed, that ft few good varieties, known to be reg
ular bearers, of desirable quality, and adapted
to the locality, should be preferred to an exten
ded variety, one half of which may bo indiffer
ent bearers.”
APPLES,
In one hundred trees of fourteen Varieties of
Apples, we should plant as follows :
G American Summer 4 White Seek-No-Far-
Pearmain: ther;
2 Early Harvest; 4Rambo;
0 Fall Pippin. 4 Porter;
4 Golden Pippin, 4 Red, Astrachan ;
6 Baldwin.; .6 Rhode Island Green- ,
—4 Hays, ... ing ,
' 4 'Fravenstein ; 4 R'oxbury Russet
6 Fdrnwalter ; 6 Esopus Spitzenbiirg ;
G Yoder Pippin, or 4 Williams’ Favorite ;
theNewionPlppin;4 Swaar;
Hubbardston’s 4 AhTillen's Blush ; i.
Nbne-such; 4Tfellow Bellflower:
2 Lady Apple ;
100 ■
At the late, Pomological Congress at New,
York, the following varieties of Apples wore
add d to the established list for General Culti
vation ;—Autumn Bough, Broadwell, Carolina
June, Coggswell, Fornwaldor; Jonathan, Mon:,
mouth Pippin, Smith's Cider, and Wagener.
PEARS.
For twenty-five pear trees to be selected from
fifteen varieties, wo would plant—
-2 Bloodgood.; 2 Bello Lucrative ;
2 Dearborn’s Seed- 1 Urbanisto ;
ling; . 2 Doyenne Boubiiac ;
1 Rosticzer; 2 Flemish Beauty ;
2Seckel ; 1 Easter Buerro ;
2 Bartlett; 1 Uvedalo’s St. Gre
ff Qtt; main, (baking,)
2 Bucrred’ Anjou ;
2 Lawrence; .23
1 Chancellor;
The following varieties of pairs have just
been added to the General List by, the Pomolo
gioat Society :—Brandywine, Beurre Clairgeau,
Beurro Giffard, Burre Superfln, Babol Doyenne
d’Alendon, Kingscssing, Onondaga, Osband’s
Summer, and St. Michael Archauge.
PEARS ON QUINCE STOCKS.
From twenty varieties wo should select the
following Jifty ; ~ • , ’
4 Duchess d’Angoul- 2 Seclcel, •
eme; : ■ 2 Paradise d’AutOmme,;
4 Vicarof Winkfield, 2 Ott, v ' -
2 Easter Buerro, 2 Nouveau Poiteau,
2 Gloue Morecau, 2 F/gue d’Aleuoon,
4 Louise Bonne de Jer- 2 Summer Frank Red,
sey, 2 Belle Lucrative,
4 Buerro d’Anjou, .2 Sr. Michael d’Ait
-4 Sieulle, change,
2 DuchcsS d ? Orlcans, 2 Buerre Diel.
2 Henry IV, '
2 Doyenno Boussao, 50
2 Lawrence,
The Pomological Society have added the fol
lowing to Pears on Quince Stock: —Belle Epino
Dumas, Buflum, Beurro Superfln, and Doyenne
d’Alenoon.
PEACHES.
1 The following list of Peaches for general cul
tivation, is perhaps as good as can be present
ed. It has the sanction of the best authority.
They ripen in the order in which they are hero
placed:
Free Stones. Nivctto,
Early York, Ward’s Late Free,
Eearly Newington, , Noblesse,
Oooledgo’a Favorite, Late Red Rare Ripe,
George IV, Bergen’s Vellow,
Gross Mignonne, Druid Hill,
Crawford's Early, Clingtones ;
Brevort, large White,
Old Mixon Free, Old Mixon,
Morris White, Heath,
Bellegardo, ,
CHERRIES.
For one dozen Cherries tho following will
meet every requisition, and cannot be excelled.
One tree of each variety might bo enough, ac
cording to space and deniand.
1 Governor Wood, 1 Early Richmond,
1 BlaokTartarian, 1 Downer’s Late,
I Bigarreau, 1 Elton, . ’
1 Black Eagle, 1 Bello d'Choissy,
I Mayduke, •. 1 Eeine Horlense,
1 Kirtland’s Mary, --
1 Triumph of Cumber-12
land, , ,
For six varieties, we should select Governor
Wood, Early Mayduko, Black Tartarian, Black
Engle. Triumph of Cumberland, and Early
Richmond.
[Tho smaller tho variety of cherries the bet
ter. The •• Early Richmond" is rather a small
cherry, a poor bearer, and very sour., It falls
behind lhe commonly called native “ pio” or
Sour cherry, in all particulars. It ripens a
little earlier.— Ed. Volunteer .]
RASPBERRIES.
The Allen, Allen's Prolific,” and “ Brinklc's
Orange” are named. The latter is the “ crack”
variety at present. It needs winter protection
—that is a little earth thrown over the capes in
the fall. It is not much trouble to lay them
down. The hardiness of the former is yet to
bo totted The old English Purple is the vari
ety for common culture. Nothing short Of a
.general blight of fruit effects it. Even this year
from a row of plants not more than 200 feet
long, we gathered nearly tifty quarts. It is so
good that hard working men will not stop to
question its quality, when served up in cool
cream on a hot day in July. As a fall bearer,
if you wish a curiosity, the Catawissa is pretty
good. But don’t be too greedy—they wont
bear two crops. If not frozen, cut otf the last
year’s growth ; the present year’s wood gives
the fall berries.
The Falstalf is a large, fine flavored, prodet.
ive kind, needs to belaid down .in the Winter.
Ed. Volunteer.
PLUMBS.
This fruit is so complete a failure in this re
gion ns .not to bo worth mentioning. The
Washington, Golden Drop and Butler, are
among the best—this last is the finest variety
we know anything about. What its name is
“ in the books,” we cannot say.
GOOSEBERRIES.
Tno English Silver, or Houghton s Seedling,
wo consider the brat wehnYo yet tried. Fruit
of mcdimn size, an abundant bearer. Sue flavor,
and the fruit remaining on the. bushes a long
while.
fJVoodwnr.d’B 'Whitesmith is a large, showejr
berry, and nut subject to mildew, as Other
large berries ore.— Ed. Volunteer.
The Dutch Red and White, and the Neapoli
tan Black. There is a largo now variety call
ed the Cherry, which is becoming popular, but
we prefer the varieties named above. It is hard
to improve upon them. .
[The Dutch White and Red. are the same as
the ordinary currants found in the farmer’s
garden. There is no necessity of buyiqg them.’
When flrst brought from the nursery, they
seem to bear larger fruit. This is owing to"
high culture, an’d being grown probably on,sin
glestones. ■ ,
The size of bunches has increased one half
or more over the ordinary size, with us,'•'simply,
by cultivating on the one stem system.
Ed. Volunteer.
NO. 23.
Always a favorite, and imported ip such largo
quantities that the bulbs may be had at, a very
low price, They will grow always in any’soil,'
but less perfectly in those hot'Suted to ;it. —
The soil best suited to their culture, is d good
fresh loam mixed with a portion of well rotted
stable manure, at least two years old, and; the
mixture of soil and manure should have been
incorporated some inhnths before planting the
bulbs, the soil and manure being not less than
sixteen inches deep, the bed raised in the mid
dle, and three to three and a half feet Wide. — ;
Plant in rows Severt inches apdrt, and six inches
between the bulbs. Plant with a dibble four
inches deep, and protect with branded in seVcrb
[weather. —Working Former.
*■ There are upwards of one hundred varieties
of this vernal flower in cultivation attended
with They delight in rich
soils, and may cither be planted in beds or
rows, at least twoipohes deep and six inches
frond row to row—They seldom require remo
val; every three or four years will be sufficient.
They can be purchased at from seventy-five
cents to two dollars per according to
quality. When they are done bloonning, the
foliage should not be removed till perfectly de
cayed." —Working Farmer. .
Isabella, Catawba, Diana And Concord, cad
all be relied upon. A variety called The hladd
ria, with us is also worthy. It Is perfectly
hardy, good grower, sure bearer,.maturcs a lit
. tie later than the Isabella, bunches compact—
about the size of Diana. When fully ripe it id
, very'palatable—of alivcly vinuous flavor. The
Diana is of n "honey” sweetness. The oply
objection to it—and that is a trifling one—is its
thick skin. The Concord, we think, will prove
the hardiest of all. Its slight foxiness is fully
compensated for. by its agreeable sweetness and
early ripening. The Rebecca and Delaware are
the most promising new varieties. Both are
likely to prove acquisitions. ,T
An admonitory remark or two in conclusion.
From some cause or other—we suppose thd
newspapers and periodicals of a certain, kind
have a hand in it—there is a greater disposition
to buy and plant trees prevailing than in years
past. . It has been stated to us that an agent
of one of the New York,nurseries has, in a cir
cle of country not far distant, from Carlisle,
its centre, disposed of trees, vines and garden
fruit to the amount of slBoo.' ■ It has been re
marked by observing men, that it is not alto
gether from a neglect to plant trees that wd
have dearth of fruit;' ~ Thousands and tens ojf
thousands are annually .purchased,, but'front
poor planting and careless culture perish before
reaching a productive condition, while thou
sands of others breathe out a somewhat longer,
but scarcely a more profitable existence. The
lime has come to rectify this error.. It the tree
is to be starved, or left to the tender mercies of
* murdering' cattle, bettor save the monew'Qno
thing.above all others we woulcilry,AOnnipr&d
Upon our farmers, and that is the almost u tiler
; impossibility of raising a profitable young «rj
chard, and at the same time subject the ground
to the usual rotation of grain and grass crops,.
Wo can imagine how a partial success may be
attained only. That is, by. manuring around
the trees extra heavily top dressing often, and
never ploughing more than three inches deep,’
within the circle of the roots of the tree, and'
thoroughly protecting from cattle. All things
considered, the true plan is now tp lay»out an
Orchard, the fact where raising fruit is the
first, prime idea to which all others must be
subordinate. More return will be gotten from
one acre of trees well planted, in ten years from
this, than from ten acres, treated as orchards
generally are, and cropped annually with graid
or grass. ’
, For the five years following planting, the
ground should beyond question be kept clean
and open, by the culture of. some root crops ;
potatoes, carrots, turnips, &c. Corn is admir
able by way of change. When trees are well
storied, as above, it is possible (hey may dp
tolerable well in a sod —or rather they may bo
made to do yell. If the : ground is devoted to
pasturage, it will prove better than if annually
mowed. It is not so hard on the ground., But
in either case, partipnlarly if mowed yearly, the
trees should receive a top dressing of manure,’
as far around as the roots extend, every year.
This will keep the sod open and loose, and the .
ground strong. A "big” growth of grass, and
of trees, too, may bo attained.
We would urgently impress the matter upon
the consideration of our readers. There is no
Viisdom and no propriety in losing more than
one-half of the trees that are planted, through
carelessness and bad management. Plant where
you can—take care of the fruit ttees—and Hied
do what you dan. If they are to be starved or'
plowed to death, or destroyed, by cattle, better
not plant at all, and save money and labor.—
Ed. ..,
There does not appear to have been as much
of the Sorghum cultivated this season, as the
previous one. JThis wouldjieem to indicate that
it failed to come up to “the expectation pf the
cultivators. The inexperience attending the
process of making molasses or sugar, and a
want of experimental knowledge as to the bcpt
time of cutting tho cane, must, however, be
taken into consideration, lest a too hasty judg
ment be formed of its unprofitableness- ,It is
certainly very rich in Sacharine juices, and de
serves a more thorough trial as a forage plant.
In’fact, it is by no means Pertain that the far
mer cannot, raise his molasties cheaper than he
can produce grain 10 buy it with from the tra
der.,, , , .....
We should be much pleased if every one who
makes molasses this year, within the circle of
our readers, would send us the fesult of their
experiment. We think a much - better article
and more of it, front the same quantity of cane,
will be made this season, by virtue of the little
experience attained last year. _ It is hardly do
ing the plant justice “to give it up so.” Per
gfsverence, gentlemen. There can Be ho great
loss, surely.—Ed. - ,
The American Agriculturist gives an engra
ving of this vegetable, which is below the size of
those well grown one-half or more, and wishes
to know something more about it. It has been
for a number of years in gardens in Ibis sec
tion, and is preferred by discriminating house
keepers, for making pics green or for putting
up for winter use for the same purpose. Reason
—they make h more sprightly and agreeably
flavored pie. not having that strong, peculiar
taint of the common kind. When once m tbo
garden they come up spontaneously, as other
tomatoes, about, tho same season, but-unless
favorably situated in congenial soil, herofail to
produce a large crop of mature fruit before frbst
but mostly give sufficient for household purpo
ses without any earlytorcing^—-Ep.
tCr" Be civil to the woman who bites the end
of her gloves.
CURRANTS.
TULIPS;
CROCUS.
GRAPES.
CHINESE SUGAR CANE.
<‘rioSK" TOMATO.
'/ ‘l’*Y