AMERICAN VOLUNTEER
WHS B. BRATTON. Editor k Proprietor.
CARLISLE, PA., DEC, 24, 1857.
L-. No Paper Next Week.—ln order to afford
those persons connected with our office a little
recreation during the holidays, no paper will bo
■issued from this office next Thursday. Our
readers will loose nothing by ( this operation, as
WO furnish subscribers with fifty-two numbers
for a year. " ,
G. L. Goucher desires us. to state
that he will wait on the patrons of the Vnlun- t
tecr, qs New Year’s morning, with his address,'
when he expects them to fork over a little of the |
needful.'
Hate we a Constable ?—Have we a High
Constable in Carlisle? If wo have, we think
ho must be a very quiet and inoffensive man
one who never leaves his own home to meddle
in other people’s business. lie is evidently a
domestic man, who enjoys quietness, and has
no taste for noise or broils of any kind. No
■ataitter how much villainy is! going on in our
town, the High Constable is never at hand.
Ladies are insulted at the street corners every
night, thefts arc committed in broad day light,
and everybody notices these things, except our
High Constable. We ask again, who isdie?
and where does he hide himself, both night and
day?* It is the duty of the Town Councilto,
compel this officer to perform his duty. lie
receives a good salary, and is paid out of the
pockets of our people., We have no notion-that
he or any other- man . shall pocket. our money
.without rendering some kind of service. We
may refer,to this subject again, if it becomes
yiecessary, when we shall speak more fully and ■
in a nianner that will be understood by all. 1 i
■ Ordinance Violated.— There is a Boro.ugl
'Ordinance in force, we believe, Which makes il
a fine of §5 fur any one to wheel a barrow or
wagon upon a pavement. This Ordinance is a
very good one, but is .violated every hour of the
day. , TVe hope a few examples will be made of
those who put the Borough law at defiance.
Lsctbiie or Geo. !■'. Cain, Esq.. —The second
Lecture ot the course before the Union Fire-
Company of this place, was delivered on Thurs.
day evening' last, by Osonas F. Cain, Esq., of
Shipponsburg. Subject — li . American Epic His
tory.”. . The lecture was well written, well de.
livered, and well received by those present.—
During it.-bdelivery Mr. C. was frequently cheer--
cd by the audience. He is a young iuan ? of fine
talents, and bids fair to become a popular lec
turer. Wo regret,, that owing to a variety of
causes, the 'attendance by our citizens was not
very good, but trust hereafter they'will show
themselves on occasions of this kind.
Er* An action for debt by a w-ife against her
husband, to recover money loaned by her to her
husband, being property acquired after marriage,
.yj?? tried in the Common Pleas of Perry conn,
ty, a short time since, Judge Graham presiding.
'The-i question was whether a wife could main
tain a suit against her husband. The Court do
cidcd that she could, and delivered a verdict
for the plaintiff for 52,508.
The Wheat.— Some of our country friends
are feeling rather anxious as to the future pros
pects.of their grain. , The continued warm wea
ther will fond to advance It to such.a condition,
that without snow, the first severe spell of cold
weather may greatly injure the crop.
KT’ The Sabbath School of the German Re
formed Church, will hold its regular Anniver
sary in the Cimrch, cn nc.it New Tear’s night.
The exercises will bonsist of singing by (he
choir and children; flffie.reading of the, super-;
intcndents report, and several addresses A
collection will be taken to enlarge the library.of
the, school. Services to commence at half past
six o’clock. The public arc respectfully invi
ted to attend.
. Very Superior OvstEga.—The oysters kept
by Bover, under Burkholder’s hotel, are far
superior to any ever offered for sale in this
place. Indeed, in Bizo,tatnoss and flavor, they
can|t be beat anywhere. Good oysters arc a
great luxury, and bad ones aro a nuisance, We
hope to soe Jeff encouraged in his business,
for ho is both obliging and enterprising, and al
ways keeps a neat, clean, and well filled table.
Let all who are fond of Nq. 1 oysters give him
an early call.
Stop That !—Wc notice that a few of bur
Democratic Cotemporaries. of this State have
undertaken to read Robert J. Walker, Ste
phen - A.Douolas, Secretary Stanton, .Senator
Stuart, Col. John W. Fqbnbt and other cm
inent Democrats but bf the Democratic party-!
We advise.thcso editors lb desist ; (hey have
been laughed at long enough ; nothing that
they can say against the illustrious men we
have named, will be replied to. Pricking
musquitoes in the rump with a pitoh;fork is no
business"for statesmen to engage in.
Select School,
The following is the return of Select Scholars
fbr the quarter ending Dec. Ist, 1857 :
School No. 11. Jns. M. Caufman, James A.
Loudon, Jas. F. Brady-.
In Music “ . Abr’in. Redsookcr, James M.
Caufman,
School No. 12. Laura Alexander, Caroline
Gardner, Mary Plank.
In Music “ Laura Alexander, Margaret
Black.
School No. 13. Sarah C. Fought, Virginia E.
. . .. - - Turner, Sarah S, Thompson,
lu. Mu sic “ Mary C. M’Gartney, Anna
M.. Brady.
School No.. 11. Win. Myers. A. K. Long,
Samuel F, Cocklin. .
In Music “ Geo. 0. Wert, 0. D. Law.
School No. 15. Anna Focht, Fanny Gould,
Mary Thompson.- .
In Music “ Funny Gould, Mary Thomp
son, Fanny Bitter.
School No. 10. Win. F. Law. Ohas. 11. Leeds,
Win. W. Allison.
In Music “ Wm. F. Law, Chas. 11. Hal
bert, Jas.AL M'Olellan.
School No. 17. Annie Lytle. Annie Slmpley,
Enima Laihisbn.
In Music “ Gertrude Heed, Maria Bob
insom
School-No. 18. S. M’Donald, A-. K. Sheaffer,.
Thos. Boslcr.
In. Music “ Win. Monyer, Charles A.
Woodward.
D. Eckels, P.-S. S.
. VCP~ Brigham. Young is said to bo one ol (ho
proprietors of the town of Florence, in Nebruska
Territory, and has also certain special rights in
the ferry privilege at that place, by which his :
lollowera-aro to be ferried across the Missouri j
at half their usual.rates. Thofpct of bis owner- j
ship has but recently been ascertained, and has j
caused no Utile excitement among the Nebraska I
“ .Gentiles."
MERRY CHRISTMAS!
. To morrow (Friday) will bo the anniversary
of the advent of the Saviour-Merry Christmas 1
—a day generally observed as the occasion for
friends meeting together at the festive board,
and t exchanging , mutual congratulations.—
Christmas is a day of rejoicing—of social gath
erings— of unrestrained merriment. To the
young, Christmas brings mirth in its train—a
day of freedom, in its broadest sense—when pa
and ma are asked to stand aside and give way
to the romp. “A Happy Christmas,” there
fore, to all our readers, male and female, old and
young. As appropriate to the occasion we in
sert the following admirable production of
Professor. C. 0. Moore. It will bo read with
delight by all our young readers:
ANNUAL VISIT OF ST. NICHOLAS.
'Twas the night before Christmas, when, all
T through the house, ,
was stirring, not even a mouse ;
Iho stockings were hung by the chimney with
care, . . *
In hopes that St. Nicholas soon would be there,•
Ihe cluldren were nestled all snug in (heir beds,
While visions of siigar-plums danced thro* their
heads; 4 .
j And mamma in her ’kerchief, and I io=piy cap,
I Had just settled our brains for a long winter's
I nap—
! When out on the lawn (here arose such a clat
'■ . ter, ■
I sprang from my bed to see wbat was the
. matter;
Away to (he window I flew like a flash.
Tore open the shutters, and threw up the sash
The moon on the breast of,the new fallen snow,
Gave the lustre Of mid-day to objects below;
When, what to my wondering eyes should ap
. pear, ,
f But a miniature sleigh, and eight tiny reindeer,
[ With a little old drivpr, so lively and quick,
I knew'in a moment it must be St. Nick.
More rapid than eagles his coursers they came,
And he whistled and’shouted, and called them
by name ‘ ,
“Now,.Dashcr? now, Dancer! now* Pranccr!
now, Vixen!
On, Comet! bn, Cupid ! on;Donder and Blue-
To the top wall!
■«owr, all!”
As the leaves tliht -beforcVthe wild hurricane
fly,.. ■ ■,
When they meet with ah obstacle, mount to the
sky, .
Sq up to the house-top the coursers they flew
Wilh the sleigh full of toys—and S(. Nicholas
too; . ' .
| And then, in a twinkling, I heard on the roof,
the prahcing and pawing of each little hoof.
As I drew in my head, and was turning
around, , ■
Down the chimney St. Nicholas came with a
bound.
He was dressed all in fur, from his head to his
foot,
And his clothes were all tarnished with ashes
and sopt!
A bundle of toys lie had flung on his back.
looked like a pedlar just opening his
Uis eyes—how they twinkled! his dimples,
now merry!
Hjs cheeks like roses, his nose like a cherry !
Uis droll little mouth was drawn up like a
bow.
And the beard on his chin was as white as the
snow.
The stump of n pipe he held tight in bis teeth,
And tlie smoke, it'encircled his bead like a
wreath. '
He bad a broad face, and a little round belly,
■that shook, when ho laughed, like a bowl full
of jelly,
11° was chubby and plump ; a right jolly old
And I laughed, when I saw him, in. spite of
ipyself.. " 1
A wink of his eye, and a twist of bis head,
boon gave me to know T had nothin&to dread.
He spoke not a word, but went straight to his
, . work, ■ ,
And filled ail the stockings—then tnrnod-ndih
n Jerk. : ~
■ finger aside of his nose, ■' -
And giving a nod, up the chimney he rose_.
He sprang to his, sleigh, to liis .tcam gave a
whistle, .
And away (they all flcw t like tlie down off a
thistle.
But I hoard him exclaim, ere he drove out of
sight.
“Happy Citiustmas to all, and to all a
GOOD NIGHT !”
Christinas—Thb Poor.
On this day of general rejoicing, it is not 100
much to ask of those wjio have been blessed,
,hy a bountiful Providence, in “their basket and
tbeir store,” .that out of their.own abundance
they shall contribute something to those whb
are suffering the rigorous hardships of poverty.
The following, from the pen of Mrs. R. F. Sey
more, which .we take from the “ Syracuse ,'{N.
Y.) Star.” is a forcible appeal to those who are
surrounded with abundance to “forget not the
poor."
Those who arc 'themselves blessed with the
comforts of life arc apt to forgot the necessities
of others. They- forget; while at 1 their own
luxurious tables, that there are those who are
eating their last crust, and know not how they
shall obtain another morsel: they forget, while
seated in their- comfortable homes - by*'warm
fires, or as , they enwrap themselves in -their
cloaks and furs to encounter the chill mr, that
there are those who arc shivering half clad over
the dying embers of, their last coals, while the
piercing, air is blowing through every crevice of
their miserable habitation.
There is superfluous wealth enough in our
village to relieve every- child-of want in our
midst, and to send comfort to every cheerless
abode; and in What better manner- could the
gifts of God, so abundantly bestowed upon
many of our citizens, be employed ? In what
better way could they- express their gratitude
for their many blessings? “Freely ye-have
received—freely give.”
1 -To who have been prosperous in, your vari
ous callings, the past ylar, as ye count over
' your gains, forget not the Poor—the starving,
shivering, houseless, homeless,- friendless ones
around you! Ye who are- surrounded with
comforts-and luxuries—who arc loading your
■ tables with the various delicacies of the season
to entertain a fashionable assembly—who are
i planning gay parties and expensive balls-to
• lend additional enchantments to the festivities
of the season—forget not the Poor! Ye.to
’ whom God has given, not wealth, hut sufficient
for your own comfort and the relief of others—
forget not the Poor! Ye whose ministries
should Aver be those of kindness and love en
. list heart anddiand, in this work of benevolence
and diffuse joy through the wretched abodes of
• Poverty and Want in our midst: and the hap
py facca and glad beans of the recipients of
! y ou r bounty, and the approving voice-of your
own conscience, shall be your abundant reward.
There is a luxury in doing good which is its
own reward : there is n feeling at the heart
when we have relieved suffering, or done an act
of kindness, which is double the value of tlio
good wo have bestowed, and adds to our other
enjoyments. I doubt not that those noble
hearts who,, by their generosity, made so many
little orphan hearts glad on our recent festival,
felt their own happiness on tl. it day enhanced
j by the thought that they had added to-the joy
j and comfort ol others. 'Would that their noble
j example might be followed by all 1 Let an ao
! live and acting benevolence pervade all hearts,
and let ilb effects be witnessed in the evident
amelioration of the condition of the poor among •
us..
Let those now give who never gave before,
And those who always give, now give the more:
Condltion of the State Treasury,,
Wo, are enabled to Jay bcioro the public the
summary of receipts and expenditures of the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, during the last
fiscal year; which statement has boon furnished
us by Henry S. Megaw, Bsq., State Treasurer,
who Is ns courteous arid accommodating in af
fording as ho is uniformly prompt and upright
in the discharge of his. official .duties. This
statement of the financial condition of the State
is now for the first time made .public, and its
great importance will command universal atten
tion. •• ' '
Aa compared with tho receipts ami expendi
tures ol tlm fiscal year ending November 30th,
1850, the fact presented, that unhappily tho
State is not in as good a position financially as
it was lust year:
Receipts for 1856
Expenditures, for 185 G
Excess of receipts
Receipts for 1857
Expenditures for 1857
Excess of expenditures
The balance remaining in the Trea
sury Nov. 80lh, 185(1 $1^244,795.4
From which take excess of expen
ditures for 1857.
Balance now in the Treasury
Tie,lnauguration of Coy. Packer.
We have observed that very, many of our ex-
I changes,'in speaking of the inauguration of
Gov. Packer, fix the second Tuesday of Janua
ry,as the day. This is an error of one week.
The inauguration will take place on the third
Tuesday (19thJ of January next.
While upon this subject, we may add, that
from present indications throughout the State,
the occasion promises to bo one of much inler
' cst. The command of the military has been
assigned to Major-General Keim, who has issu
ed the following :.
Head Quarters. sth Division', (
P. V., Reading, Dec. 5.1857. )
, To the Volunteers of Pennsylvania—Fellow
Soldiers: I. The Jlajor*Generul of the Fifth Di
vision; Pennsylvania Volunteers,' having ac-’
cepted the command tendered to him of the
military who will participate at the Inaiigurn-.
tion of the Governor elect, On Tucsdtiy, the 19th
day of January, 1858, a Cordial invitation is
extended to the volunteers of the State to unite
and assist af.the interesting ceremony, which a
large and brilliant military display will render
doubly imposing. 11. All companies, battal
ions, regiments and brigades will report to
Brig. Gen. E. C. Williams, Harrisburg, who
tvill furnish all necessary information arid ren
der such assistance as they iriity require:'. HI.
The details of the parade will be the subject of
future orders. ' • .
;■ WILLIAM M. KEfM,
Maj. Gen. sth Div. P. V., Officer Com Mg
Maj. Samuel L. Young,
Maj; A- Jordan Swartz, Aids.
Col. Wt.nkoop’s Funeral.—The funeral of
tile lamented Col. F. M. Wynkoop, whose death
was occasioned by accident; took place ow-
Wednesday afternoon, at Pottsvillo. Business
generally was suspended, the stores closed, and
an unusual degree of solemnity seemed to- per
vade the entire community. Tlie citizens-of
X’dttsvillo attended the funeral, also the milita
ry of that and adjacent places. The Scott Leg
ion.performed the military honors incident to
the occasion. The funeral was ge and-im
posing. The .remains ofthciL. ..rious deceas
ed, were laid Out in citizen’s dress.. The flag of
the Lcgiori was used- as a pall. The war-horse
belonging to Col. Wynkoop was led immediately
benind the hedrsc* The procession was deeply
impressive,, and riot a-few 'ln tiiat mournful
train, as iNnoved along, with measured trend,
a tear ro tne memory of the gallant
soldier, Jlie good citizen, the beloved by all,
‘whoso remains they were following to the cold,
silent tomb. He was buried in tlie -gravey'srd
at the upper end of Market street, at Pottsvillo.
Tlie Scott Legion, during their short stay in
tlie city, received marked attention by- the citi-
zons of the place, which wo doubt not will ever
Sc remembered with grateful kindness by the
members who proceeded there to'pay' the Jaat
tribute of respect to the remains of one whom
they all'so'rejoiced in calling commander.
A Nirw- Pulpit Celebrity.— An English
correspondent of a Pittsburg paper, in speak-'
ing of several popular preachers in England,
says that “a ‘bright particular star’ has arisen
among the Independents. A Mr. Guincss, ns
Independent, now a student, at New College,.
London, yet in his teens, is bidding fair to ri
val the renowned Mr, Spurgeon as another mod
ern -Whitfield; During his college vacation he
has been preaching in ' Devonshire and Corn
wall, and has created among all classes and
scots an indescribable sensation; Mr. Guincss
is a native of Ireland,- and a nephew of tbo
great Dublin porter brewer. Ilis father was
an officer in the army—his mother the widow
of Captain D’Estcrre, who fell in a duel fought
with the late Daniel O’Connell some forty-five
y-cars since.”
Tits Plunder of Delhi.' —A private letter
from Delhi, dated September 27; says “For
a description of ilie riches of Delhi, my- pen is
inadequate. Cashmere shawls, inlaid: with
gold, bodies covered with gold lace,.skirts of
dresses, watches, bars of gold, beds of silk and
down,- such as no nobleman’s house in England
could'pvoducc, you would see the Sikhs*- carry
ing-out of Delhi the first day, as if they were
almost nothing. A-shawl;.which iri England,
Would fetch XlOO, they Were 'selling for four
rupees, and. you may depend,' our fellows were
not behind them; It is'supposed the Rifles
would go to England with upwards of Xl.OOO
each,Though General Wilson.has issued an or
der that the prizes shall be all put together and
divided-. Most of our men arc worth upwards
of 100 rupees.”
Tim Last op tub Ea.ndolpii Family.— St.
George Eandolph; a' nephew of the celebrated
John Eandolph of Eoanokc, who died in Char
lotte county, Ya., on the 4th instant, was the
last in the lino of the Eandolph family. He
was born deaf and dumb. biit was highly ed
ucated in France. On returning home to Vir
ginia, in 1814, hq heard of the hopeless illness
of his brother, at Harvard College, and imme
diately became deranged. From that tiuwHrr
the day of liis-dcath he is- said: hover to have
known a lucid interval.
Eight. —A dispatch from Washington-says
Thomas J. Scmmes has been appointed United
States Attorney far the District ol New Orleans;
his predecessor being removed on the ground
of not using sufficient vigilance to prevent tho
escape of General Walker and his party from
that point. If the national government will
rigidly adhere to tho course it has adopted with
tho New Orleans District Attorney, piratical
expeditions, like Walker’s, will soon find itdifc
ficult (o escape from the United States.
A letter froniCey \Veat, dated the 6th inst.,
says: The brigE. Drummond-, Ghadbourne,
from Aspinwallj'ound to New York, with 60
Lamas from Pci'y S. A-', arrired on the 4th.—
She put :in to j-ocure water and provisions,
and sailed nesttay for her destination. The
animals on boan were purchased by a French
gentleman, sen tot by'a New York company'
to'Sfoutb Amcrie last spring, and are a choice
lot of the breed flllcd Auchania. The Lama
belongs to the gdup Buminantir, whicli is di
vided into four ftnilies, the carnal, giraffe,-deer
j and antelope androxcu. The genus Auchania
differs from tliqinmcl in being destitute of
humps on the bafc. • The legs Ore shorter than
in the camel. Tjo nock is long—more vertical.
The ears and hops are long.
ThV-toes,are sqaratcd, or not united, as in
the camels, by a A!lons role. The actual spe
cies of this genusiclongs to this continent ex
clusively, where ’hey represent the camels of
the Eastern. Thy are confined to the mour
$5,378,240.33
$5,378,142.22
$1,008.11
$4-,600,587.84
$5,407,270.70
$740,088.95
lainous regions ofiouth America. The Lama
| the most commohof the species, is as large as
a slag, and was kipwn at (lie time of the con
quest of Peru, by lizzaro, in 1534, and indeed
was the only dpntsticated animal, being for
the inhabitants of hat country what the rein- I
$710,688,95
$528,100.4'
deer is to the Lapinders. This importation,
wo perceive, is a sjeculation, the design being,
no doubt, to introiuce them among the eleva?
ted portions of Nep England, where sheep and
alpacas flourish. 'This, animal is extremely
hardy, and is said to breed rapidly. The ex
pedition has lost Since leaving Guayaquil,
oh the Pacific. Tb Drummond sailed
York on the sth. -
Curious Error.— Professor
Trench, in his' latA work on (he English lan-.
gunge, points out aoitrious typographical error
in the 20th verso of be23d-cliapter of Matthew.
The words “whiclutrain at a gnat arid swal
low a carnal,”, the ]rofessor thinks contain a
misprint, which haing been passed over ill the
edition of 1611, hnsheld its ground ever since.
The.translators infetded to say, “which strain
oW a gnat and. swafliw a camel,” that being
the correct renderingof the original, appears as
in Tynsdale’s and Cannier. *s translations, both
of which have “strayed out." It was the cus
tom of the stricter Jws to strain their wine,
vinegar, and other p.rtables through linen or
gauze, lest unawares they, should dyink down
some little unclean imect, as a gnat, and thus
transgress the Lcvithal law. It was to this
custom the Saviour .tlluded, intending to say
that.lhe Scribes andlhirisccs, while.they stran
out a gnat from their|rink, would yet swallow
a camel at a gulp. . ..
Henry Ward llrclirr, in a recent lecture
at Philadelphia,nnsishd that learning was not
A man night be able to speak all
the lariguagesTn the ujj.verse, and at the same
time be a stupid poly-lot as regards thciprac
•tical ends-if life. The true idea of education is
evidentlydridisciplinin'; cvcry.power to perform
■its functions. - Men are not broad enongh, they
do not spread.out.all their branches to the air;
and they are afraid to do so, because they can
not watch the nice propriety and circumspec
tion of* each. The present custom is to grind
men 1 a sharp edge, forgetting that all such
grinding is at the ex-pease of - the substance of
the blade. 1 ■ . d'
The N.ationAi, JldtEL.—This. Ilotd, at
Washington; has opened and is.said
fo he \yell tilled nvith gffife'ts. A.correspoiidcftt
of the New sla.tcs> that many
of . the old boarders wfi(J%liftered from this Ho
ld, have taken roomsMhefe—among them Sen
ator Hale and Mr. Burhhgnine. The causes of
the epidemic of-last year will ho Investigated
again by-a GbmmiWte Congress, as the . pro
prietors intend to bring * claim upon govern
ment for the damage they, sustained. Thoy ,al
lege that the closing of, the mouths of. the sew
ers oiv the avenues throng the effluvia into the
house and caused the disease.
It Ati.ito.M) I )f.CIS 10x.-*—ll was recently deci
ded in Buffalo, before Justice Davis, that rail
road companies arc botjnh to keep ticket offices
open at,places were thby arc established, one
hour bcforc the.departure of passenger trains :
and a passenger who had paid five cents extra
in the cars, not having-gltickpt,, and'the ticket
office not having been open to enable, him to
purchase one, rccovcrci| ihe five cents and fifty
dollars in addition. ■
Bold BtJitGfcAnv—,'l’nit Bobber Shot bv a ' -Wlv-al lit Now Orleans,'.of which we
saysThe atin'iSh^OeT
house ol Or. Isaac, Hodges, at. Ashland, was trul America with liis Ullilmster forces; He
entered by butglnrs last-night. The robbers s°“?}* to , llllvu eflbcteatliisrvjthout.niolesfalidn,
had gathered a largo ampuiil of property to- tempi w£.
gellier to carry aunty,-but were defeated in which lie landed, it is added that her na
their plans by the heroism of Mrs. Hodges, she P els ,' veie found to be all regular, and so she
being alone in the house} with Iter , three ohil- buart «uhS’
dren. She heard the robbers m the lower part petted. It occurred at Asiiiiiwtill alter j licit
of the house, and locked her chamber dbor, took J“ at Bunta Arenas. It is distinctly told
her gun in hand, loaded Jit with powder, and UmVoitK interruption.- All
u i,„. ,1 • J, . rue oonjeot tiles Unit the steamer would bo lost
shot, and then unlocked her door. in the Gulf, or that the strong naval force on
She then ntade.inquiryias to What was wan- >h° Central America coast would arrest (lie sil
ted. One of the/robbers batne upon the stairs, ?ha't°tl! I , 6V<:l * ‘ tlle allmo fac
and told, her to.bo still,-}* they would blow through tlm,fingers cl'ah Hio S
her brainsont.- ‘ She raised her gun and bred. c *, ll ls at Mobile and .New Orleans, it has eluded
The robbers (Jed instantly, leaving-all their boo- f,p* **’•?* S . a As to tlle
ty behind. The mark ]of the imprint of a information is uoToxplicit.' ‘ (Inf hhndTod’and
bloody hand upon •tho door, and traces of blood ar -° s P°l'Un of, but there were many more,
upon’ the- slopes-. showed that, the shot, al- K r lV^wiuM, b ? a M Cl i ho . Flllslli . on other ves
tbough made at nndpnXd taken effect upon Jg
one of,the villains. mentioned, tlicre would probably be about four
,Il has heeniascertamed that.the burglars-cn- -' n( Jer ..Walker's command; This
,««t d i, r ,i„,
nippers. . The noise of |lio gun- brought the • od 8« of the country, bo may achieve important
neighbobs to the bouse, tot nothing could bo nTi!.» ll I le , ui , ( J “'T" of ibis Inmdful of men.
r.«„d„ ....Lsto, o4or „ta„
gun was llredexelaimed *,‘ nI V God.” as if shot.- °. rell ,lom 1,13 former desolating career has dc.
' .r ” olared war against its deliverer, Costa liica
O” Sprained Ankles and Wrists can be re- bbould (lie latter refrain from again ininglin- in
hered of all swelling and.pain in 5 to 30 min- „„n < r >n !j :s , f ’ il "“‘dd be diflictilt for the weak
ntes by the f*o use of X>,i V U Ws Cofotmfe Oil. hit,,.
It acts by importing- LleUncity to the part af- >-om New Orleans, that an additional force will'
fecicd—starts upa new notion in that part, and u ? a '" e this ' vc ‘ } jv , to Enforce Walker,
a cure is at once obtained}} Sec advertisement, j America!— 'picayme. 3 f ‘° m CL ‘ ntral
North and Soum."— I Ttie new Congress, it
is. presents the fact lljat among the North
ern Democrats there are but ten who have ever
before sat in Congress, 'fho South pursues a
different.practice. Of the Virginia delegation,
for example, the average) term of service in
Congress is eight years, j
0“ A little daughter of the Rev. L. G. Hay
who was born in India, where frost, ice and
cold wheather are unknowp, upon waking up
in Indiana, and seeing tbo-snow. that had fall
en oyer night, exclaimed, ‘‘Oh, who lias paint
ed' the ground ?"
Gen. Houston, of Texas, has arrived in
'asbington.
liporting Lamas.
Dusr Snow and Cold Weather. —At Stc
Paul and some distance this side snow is £ x .
lech inches in depth, and at Chippewa, on
luesday inorning last week, the mercury in
die thermometer stood 21 deg. below zero. •
sale of tho caniage used by ox-Presi
■ nt Piurcu, Ims beun announced.- Tlio pro-'
eeeda of which are lobo.applied to tho benellt
o( the poor of Concord, N. U., his native town.
[From the Pittsburg Post.]
lion. J. Clnucj’ Jones.
The announcement that the above named
gentleman is appointed Chairman of the Com
mittee of Ways and Means of the House of
Representatives, at Washington, will give
great and general satisfaction to the people ol
Pennsylvania and elsewhere. It is'by far the
most important Committee of Congress, and its
chairmanship one of the most influential and
responsible offices of the Government. All
money bills must originate in the House of
Representatives, and be submitted to the scru
tiny of the committee. Some idea'oan be form
ed of the labors and responsibility,of the com
mittees when it is recollected that it must frame'
and adjust and investigate bills appropriating
some seventymillions of dollars a.,year. The
number and variety of the bills are almost in
finite, relating to'every 'department of the pub
lie service, and to all the complicated and vast
machinery, of the government. Then , the ex
planation and advocacy of all those bills in the
House of Representatives imposes on the chair
man of that committee a most herculean and ex
| hausting task ; to say nothing of the constant
efforts to.procuro through thecoiiiminec appro
priations of doubtful, or more than doubtful le
gality and propriety. Its Chairman holds the
purse strings of the nation.
To this severe and responsible task. Mr. J.
Glancy Jones brings a ripe experience, great in
telligence, undoubted integrity, and those
.sound principles of Democratic economy in the
administration of the government that insure a
faithful and prudent discharge of his trust.—-
He has now been a member of the House for
seven or eight years, and .stands confessedly in
the first rank ol its able and'distinguished le;
ders
Pennsylvania is at length assuming that just
position in the administration of the Federal
G internment tp which ’he weight of tier position,
her population and wealth entitle her. She
has now the President, the At ornev General
and the Chairman of the Committee' of Ways
and Means, and they are men of ability to ilo
credit to themselves, to the State„a,nd, to the
country in their high positions.
iorrible Death-Two Women Clubbed to
D.CQtil.
Yesterday morning, about 11. o’clock, a hor
rible double murder was committed in Manheim
lonmship, about five miles from this city.'and
near the villages of Petersburg and Fruitvilln.
The persons killed tyero Mrs. Garber'; wife of
Conard Garber, supervisor and lax'collector of
Manheim township, and a Mrs. Reem, an elder-
lady, and relative of the Gathers. From
[nany .confused reports in regard to the affair,
it is altogether impossible to gather anythin"
like ttn intelligible version. From the best in°
formation p-u:could gaih.it. appears that the
women who were murdered' were alone' in the
house,—the husband being absent on business
About hall-past .eleven o’clock a' neighbor' had
occasion to go to the house, and was-surprised
to find it apparently deserted. Op entering the
sitting-room, he'\fisSurprised to find blood on
the floor; on looking around lie was horrified to
see the two women lying upon the floor dead,
covered with blood, and their heads'so beaten
that.it was hard to distinguish'them. , He im
mediately gave tlie alarm, aiid.a.messenger was
sent to mayor Eimmerman, to -give-, him infoy.
[nation of the affair. Two of the policuoflicecs
immediately left.lor the-sCeno -of the murder
and soon diacpvcred tliat fivo colored men were
secn aboiit-Alrs,. Garber’s house that morning
and that directly alter the liinrder ihev passed
through the gate between Petersburg and this
city. , They immediately communicated with
the. police of the city, who -kept a st'riek look
ontfor the suspected parties, and in the after.
noon, about half-past three o’clock, they were
arrested by officers Baker'and Uuflhagie. " They
were immediately taken before Alderman Mus
ser, who. after a partial investigation,' '.commu
ted them for a, hearing on Saturday morning
next. District Attorney Dickey was present
at the examination.
.the persons arrested are .named ■ William
Richardson, and Alexander Anderson. They
are residents of this city, and have lung been
I;nmyn as thieves—spending a greaiur part of
their time in the county prison; When search
ed upwards of SCO in gold mid silver were
(pond upon thcnv.nersor.s, which aiiioiint cor
respond* with lhat Which Mb. (Jarher says was I
nl tic,possession oftjjiis wife.' They wore also
peen in and around- the premises by Messrs,.
Geist, Kauffman, Buekwalter, and oilier neigh
bors of Mr. Garber. There is no doubt that
the object of the murderer was to gel possess- '
ion of_tbe moncy said to be in IhHttfnsc. ,
. Ibere Was ..considerable’ blood up,,n (heir
clolhnig The evidence against tlieni is of such
The' ' DH t -° k ’“I“ dnullt ° r their guilt,
l ie lecling against the murderers (viis s 0 fn-e-vi
whilelhey were undergoing examination tlm,'
fears were entertained tliat the excited crowd
would inflict summary-vengeance upon them—
A lew .-moments,- however, served, to calm the
excitement, and the officers Were allowed to
convey them to prison without let or hindrance
One of. the murdered women, Mrs. Gather
was well known in this city, and Was highly
csicemed. ; For a number of years she has been
a constant attendant at market, end was high
ly respected. Her son is married to. a daugh
ter_of -the other murdered woman, Mrs. Reem.
, —Lancaster Examiner and Herald.
Walker in Central America.
O" Ihe‘-Scott Legion,” composed of re
turned volunteers who look part in the Mexi
can war, is fast dwindling away. It is now
called out to pay tribute to the remains of Col,
M ynkoop, of Geo. Bratton, and of Capt. Reyn
olds. ,
MV. ROBERT J. WALKER’S RESIGNATION OF
THE GOVERNORSHIP OF IUKSiIS.
Washington Cm-, Deo. 15th, 1857.
Hon. Linns Cass, Secretary of Stale ;
, resign the office of-Governor of the
Territory of Kansas. I have been most reluc
tantly (breed ,to this conclusion after an anx
ious and careful consideration of my duty to
I the country, to the people of Kansas, to the
President ot the United" States, and to myself.
The grounds assumed by the President, in his
late message to Congress, and in recent instruc
tions, 'in connection with the events now trans
piring here and in Kansas, admonish me, that
as Governor of that Territory, it will no longer
be in my power to preserve the peace, or pro
mote the public welfare.
At the earnest solicitation of the President,
after repeated refusals, the last being in writing,
I finally, accepted-this office, upon his letter
showing the dangers and difficulties of the
Kansas question, and the necessity of mv un
dertaking the task of adjustment. 'Under*these
circumstances,-notwithstanding tjic great sac
rifices to me, personal, political,-and pecuniary,
I felt that I-could no more refuse such'a call
from my country, thiough her chief rnagistrale,
than a soldier in battle, who is .ordered to com
mand a forlorn hope'. I accepted, however, on
the express condition that I should advocate
the submission of the Constitution to the vote
of the people for ratification or rejection.—
These views were clearly understood by the
President and all his cabinet. They were dis.
tiiictlyr set forth in • 11131 lei ter of acceptance of
this office on the 2Gth Of March last, and reiter
ated in my inaugural address on the 2nh of
Ma}- last, as follows: “ Indeed I cannot-doubt
that the Convention, after having formed a ,Stale
Constitution, would submit it for* ratification
or rejection by a majority of the then bom fide
resident settlers of Kansas.” With these
views, wel) known to the President and Cabi
net. and approved by them, I .accented the an-,
pointment of Governor of Kansas. My instruc
tions from the President, thrmigh the Secretary
of Slate, under date of 1 he. 3oth of March last
sustain "ihe regular Legislature of the Territo
r}-; m assembling a Convention to foim a Con
sutution, and they express tlie opinkin of the
President, that "when such a Constitution
shall be submitted to the people of the Territo
17,. Ihe.V must be protected 111 Ihe exercise of
then right of voting for', or against the instru
merit. -And the fair expression of. the popular
will inusC not be interrupted, by fraud or vio
ence. I repeat then, aS.my clear- cbnvidiion,
that unless the Convention submit the Consti- •
tutron to the vote of all the actual resident set
tlers in - Kansas and the election be fairly and
justly conducted, the' Constitution will be and -
ought to no rejected by Congress.- This inau
gural most distinctly.- asserted lhafit was not
thequestion otslayery merely, (which I believ
ed to bo of lit tle praettcal importance then in its
ppphea 'onto Kansas.) bh'fthe entire Constitit
tion, «Inch should be submitted to tlie people
for ratification or rejection.- These were nu
ll ords on that subject in' ihy ihaugural; u
IS not merely Shall slavery exist in or disappear
sdf ! "nv anSilS; bUt great priiicpks of
self-goyernmein and S.ale sovereignty be mirin
tamed or-subvened.” In Unit i„ auEm . ali 1
■proceed further to say that tlie people -‘may by
C.m r d f fcat llle "tlltorttai of .the
Consutntioii. I designate tin.-? as a ‘ great
Constitutional right.” and. add "that the fon
people"”' 8 ‘' e * Cmnl and . fiot the “iasler.pf .the
r Jn my official dispatch, to yon of the- 2’d of
subm fTcd a tn 0,,y 0f r ,h:,t ; nau 6u.rai address was
of t“( r yOU [T'* 1 " I'nrthfr information
of the IVos.dcnt and hip Cabinet. No exeep
dZ on-i 7 l ''' 10 a 'o'Portion ot that ad.
|, ' S , ,; ,' n thc-contrary; U is distinctly aumiu
,1 rc! ;' dc ' nt m , his with: com
vo?of f neSS ’ M ‘ at "V iostrnotioos in
, ~7 d) e *nb.pission,of u “-‘ UuPsiitntion to
o7im cd ” lh n . l ’ 1 ? pl “ wero “ gobwal• .and.tin-.
address V ,viw' 7 i* 1 '" au B ural . and subsequent
’ l ' a3 ,l jk dSVd to the people of Kansas
nfanv n b 7“ •" la ' V f Ul lucan s” the adoplloiX
P y Ouiistiiurion which was. not-iairly aud
fully submitted to their vote for.ratification or
i ejection. , Idlest-. pledges 1 cannot recall or Vt
■olaie without personal dishonor and Che aban
donment-, of. .fundamental principles ; and,
hereforc. it is impossible for me to., support
aihat is called the U'coiiipton Constitution* be-
U '1;" 0t Snll " ,lU< ; ,d t 0 a vo to of the peo
ple- oi ralilicatioli.or rejection. • •
nU.,1,Vl\ er ' !r . " ridbn P'y 'naintained the princi
m !r vt ' sted <-‘ xc losively iii the
copleo each btate. and that it performs its
nst and highest function « forming a State
government and State constitution; This
. ghesl act of. sovereignty, in my judgement,
selv. r y i b<! ■P p1 % , « ,(:d l>y the people them
-0 O n, a, ! d t ca '‘»o.*H- delegated to conventions
01 other intermediate bodies. '
Indeed, the wflmle doetrineof the sovereign 1 ..
Of conventions.- dlstmoi IrmiflC orS££
% great canvass of 1850? H IS
great principle of State ri.d„ . ,'ll 1 la Llll;
v;,Jh
tncky resolutions of 1798-99 a "J, ve . n ‘
people in the great ono &
and embraced in that amendment tc"he Feder’
Mi b (| lU ' lt,oll i a( , ,oplcd unclcr 11,0 auspices’ of
M . Jellersoii, declaring that ?• the powers not
delegated to-the United Slates by the Constitu
seTv-ed°toVw°‘iv* t , L ' <1 bi ’ U t 0 th “ States, are re
bened to the Shales respectively, ; or lathe peO
ntc Sia fr Stales’.' is ns sepa
”v?b«V W . extT . cls '!’e 'W powers' granted
to ? ? t °! ,sl, . tu '|°n». ana the reservation
S o at'^;«e Jll j , [ ucl o/hrch'ouK^^Lcl^n^uT^
- 1 his View was set forth hr mv printed ad
nceke 1 , a ° a '" s t nnlhficatibn.- which speed.
' creat ll n sanction of the
• ftml feood Madison.* the* principal founder
Of our Constitution, as shown by the due of
n the Globe, at Washington, in' 1830. What
adds-much to the force of this opinion is the
these werp , ' Cn ,; ,n *'! 0 ' b ->' Ml - Faison, that
t itse n ere also the views of.Jir. Jefferson, liv
of°tl tllC J?ct l erlll Co »«l>t»t>o« the sov
r-S L ' P M Pk of each State is clearly
rij fPOO'nlly their own, exclusive
soverei 0 n light to form, m all its entirety their
own State Constitution. }
tine n!?i' 0t c ' lto, : . fl,ll - v '".to (he argntnent of
J <V“ at this period, but will merely
state that tins 1 is t),e position f have ever occu
pim. and my reasons for emertainin- thit onin
ton are clearly and distinctly se ?or h in a
is tha ' ir: f CO ''^ r
Pleasure^f* pohtical power which, at its
' authority ”*■***»*
ers h,,t Un ‘. outcieighty grants pow
mhdu evti'nir P °" e,S^ ' otherwise it '
of its n o, 1 “f lf b y ,nalt ">K the creature
Sov ec u . q " a ‘ ° r s ."P el i of of its creator,
fhem £ Shn Constiu,ti °ns. and .through
certain nm„ b ~ C S g° venm “-'nts. It delegates
linn- .U °' ato governments, distribu
he°h' ithoi ' C ' S “ ° f “ c granted power among
ii l enK Ti ‘;. C ' XCO ' ,t ' ve ' “ ,id jt'tiwial depart
„ hhe Constitution is not sovereign, be
eninienl I® Cr ? U ' d by - sovw cignty. 'file Gov
„ u‘ " ot ; so ';ercign. for the same reason,
Miu , -any department of that Governaiont.
fm m fi‘ dl,R ' d sovcra gnty, wo. must not con
>ulid the power with its source or exercise--
that is, sovereignty is one thing : where it re-
MUes or how it is exercised, is another., Un
uer llie system of Etifopoan despotisms, sover
eignly was claimed io reside in kings and em
•iM°. rS ’r"i nder 110 sacl ili S'o>ts idea of the divine
5 i,ngs: “" dllle hlusphemous doctrine -
' sovereigns in legitimaie succession, i
al hough stained with crimes and blackened
'' ' lh ”>famy, were clothed by Deity with abso- i
th n.l'bT t 0 r1 , ,1c thfivaubjeots, who held no- '
Su,‘h>r,!. T, l ' mlt P s granted by the crown— i
cictlrc absurd and-impious dogmas to i
winch the people of Europe, with few cie„
tiona, have been compelled to submit bv it
bayonet, sustained by the more potent authn
ity of ignorance and superstition. Under ll -
theory the people were mere ciphers * i
crowned heads sub deities— the solo rcnr’es
tatives on earth of (ho governing power of h'-
Almighty. • 1
“ Our doctrine is just the reverse mat;
the'people the only source''of, sovereign “ n S
But what people ? With -us, sovereignty'res!
exclusively with the people of .each State n
the Revolution, each colony, actinir f nr
alone, separated from Great Britain hml s• ‘
tioned the Declaration of Indepcndciice T?!''
colony having thus become a State n„',i ■,
adopting for itself its separate State ,!, CaCi '
mem. acted for itself alone under the
lincntal Congress. Each Slate acted fn !° n '
alone in acceding to the Articles ofCW,,)
of 1778.' And each Slate acted
in framing and ratifying, each for S? ° t 2“
Constitution of the United States. Severed” ~
then, with us, rests exclusively with n,„ “7
of each Stale. The Constitution of it ®
Stales ts not sovereign for it was create by
the States, each exercising for itself time i • ?
cst political power called sovereWnty iJ I ' 6 , 1 '
same reason the Government Sf the TToi.llt
States is not sovereign, nor does it exercise!
sovereign,powers. It exercises only r
ted powers" as declared .by the Consliim 9 *"
and those powers only which are S'l*
that instrument. Delegated, powers are nm’
sovertign powers granted by sovereignty
ereignty being the highest political ly! e!
not be delegated. It is indivisible ;it isa'! ' .
incapable ot partition. Hence the great !' '
of supposing that sov S reignly is divided b T
tween the Mates and the United-States Th
Constitution is the supreme law. ahd nhli
tore as Such. But a law is n„ • g "'
but an 'act of sovereignly. All laws implX*
maliers, anti m tins case those who IVanfod and
faulted this “supreme law” were those
eignties called the 8 ales, each',acting exclusive"
ly .itself uncontrolled by any sister Stale, eveent
by iho moral force of tts influence and exainnU
I be Government of the United States” -
ing, as ue haveshown, no sovereign fv hni A
ly delegated, powers, to thein, '^-
look, for the exercise' „f, all . Constitutional '
rl oiity in the ierntories, ns well as in the
? ! /°n ~Cre. ’?■ ! 1(H »single power era “
etl by the C o ,.s l .tnti on to this GoverhS
ill lu l llo*3, nlnoh is not granted in Slate ev
cept the power, to admit new States mto iL
. I moil, which, as shown by the Madison I!
pers, ilie,fraiiiefs of the Constitution, asafirst
demonstrated my Texas' lei ter,, refused to'
limit to our then existing, Territories. i„ t £
lerntories then as well in the Slates, Congress’
possesses no sovereignty and can .exercise b, by- 5
the powers delegated- by the .Constitution and 1 - '
all the powers nflt thud granted are dormant
or reserved powers belonging in common to’al'l 1
Stales as co equal, joint tenants' of that highest'
political power called 1 sovereignly. It wdlbp'
perceived that this doctrine,' that “s6vereigtitv :
makes Cons nations,” that "sovereignty ?La
exclusively willi lhc people of cAc 11 State " that
“sovereignty cannot be delegated,that “it iv
inalienable, tntlivisiblc,V a' “ttiilt hie.Vpable of
pari"mn, ; are doctrines ever regarded by inn'
as funelmnncial principles of public liberty; and'
o Ibe l'edera Constitution, It will be seen 1 '
these Views winch I have, over entertained; ivcroV
not framed to sun any emergency in' Kansas,-
but Were life-long principles, and were publish.'
cd and promulgated by me; in an elaborate nr-"
gument over my own signature,'twelve months
before my departure to that' Territory, and'
ft hgn I never thought of gohW td‘ fCanaas.'—'
lliyfae rights 1 have, crer regarded as fully SC
cured to the people ■ 'df all the Ter Htories, ” iir
adopting their State Constitution, by the Ken’-
sas and .Nebraska bill, Suchrip the construct”
011 S) vcn t 0 that act by Congress' in’passing
tile.Minnesota bill, so justly applauded'by the '
rresident. Such is the construction- of this'
Kansas act by its disiinguislicd ! .a.uthoivil6t dh-'
y 111 his iate most able argument, but in ad
dresses made and published 1 by lii„i loiig ante
cedent to .that date, showing that this Sover
eign power of the people, in acting upon a'
biate constituti o !! is not confined to the ones-.'
tion of slavery, but includes all other subjects"’
embraced in such an instrument.
. Indeed I bllieyetiib Kansas and Nebraska'-
bill would-have violated the rights of'sovereign- '
ly reserved to the people, of each Stale by the'
Federal Consiiution, if it had deprived tliem, or 1
Congress, should now. deprive them, of IherHit
of voting for or against their Slate Constitution;
Jim iuMdeiit, in Ins, message, thinks that'the
tights secured by tins bill to the people, in ac
ting upon their State constitution, arc confined '
to the Slavery question ; but I think, as shown’
m my address; be/ore quoted, that “sovereignty '
is the powerl hat makes constitutions and gov
m’a’sia!’ p and .| lla . t ' lio ‘ only the slaveryclauso'
subinil't! !rJ SI i) Uil “'.'' but n| l-otbers, inust br
iv e ~d ; i I iC ' l, ? ldL ' m tllil,ks sovercign
ibaV ‘ I <i .'‘ l, 'fiale<l. ai least in pan. 1 think
''! "“'T c - annot be tlologaied •.a«.all.—'
Visih r d " [ " bel,eves 'hat sovereignly is dl-'
■|,' t . b J b r'"; et ' n ; c ' ,n ''P nti ' , ns and the people, to'
slaven- H -. ’y dle former on all subjects but
fi .n ' y " e ' aUpr on| y on tiiat quBB-'
“inalienMilV,'" “‘indivnhl ‘l*. 31 BoVe l f,i ? nly '*
bln ni'naniii lntl| vi»ible, a “unii, incapa
galed,” in whole or 1,1 pan. U Ca,mot . be dcle '
•mly poweTfim y"^ rei tt nl y. is ,I|B
ami ihat it rests exclusively wUh -
and if i. is inalienable, 'ircannnr l!’ eO .rJr r
galeii as Ibave shown, then il can only B bß ex-"--
ereisedby the people Ibemsulves. -Unde^r"
Covernnient we Know no sovereigns bulker
people. Co iventtfins arecomposed' of “dele
gates. They are mere agents, or trustees;
ixi-rcistng, not a sovereign, but a delegated
i power, and the people are tbe principals v
the power delegnled.'io sudb conventions can' ' '
, projierly only extend, to the framing bfihe con->
I siimtton }. bo, its ratification.,or rejection can
only be perlormed by the power where soveri
Htgnty alone rests—,nmiely. iha peojile ihem<
so ves. We must not confound sovereign wilbt
delegated powers. The provisional authority '
o( a convention toTramma onhslilutidn andsulr
mn It to the people; is a delegatedmoWer. but
sovereignly alone, which rests exclusively
With the people, can ratify ;an d put in force
lhal cbnstMiujon. . . . .
And this is the true of*pontf/ordovV
nreipnly and 1 know,of* no such thing 1 , nor ;
does ilie Federal 'Constitution recognize it; as
delegated dr sovereignlj'. Thef
President, in a Very lucid passage of liis abler
message, gives unanswerable reasons why tliff
people, and not conventions, should decide (he
question,of slavery in framing a Slate oonsti*
tuiion. He says very truly, iha 1 from' ilifl
necessary division of the incohate Sjate into,
districts, a majority of-the delegatee may think'
one way, and ihe people another, and the del-*
egatee was the case in Kansas): may vio-*
late their pledges or fail to execute the will-'of
the people, , .
And wliy does nor this reasoning apply tvlth 1 '
equal force' to'all other great questions em-'
bodied in a Stale constitution ? And why
should the question of slavery alone override
and extinguish -the doctrine of p'6pu!ar soveN'
and the right of aelf-goye’rnmenl
Most fortunately this is no sectional question*
forii belongs alike to the Slates admitted' of
inchoate, of the. South as of the North. It itf
not a question of slavery, but of Stale rights
and of State and popular sovereignty; and
objections to the Lecompton constitution arO
equally strong, wliether Kansas, undfer its pro
visions, should be made a free ora slave State.
My objections are based upon a violation of
the rigtit of self-gUvernmenl and of State.and
popular sovereignty; and of.forcingany
tution upon the 'people against their wlll»
whether it recognized freedom or slavery. In*
deed, the first question which the people ought
to decide in forming a government for an in-*
epilate Stale, is, whether they will change or
not form a territorial to a State government.—-
Now as no one jyho, with me, denies Federal
or territorial sovereignty, will contend' that a-
Territorial Legislature is sovereign, or repre-*
sents sovereignty, or that such -Legislature (a;
mere creation of Congress) can transfer sovor»