MfOAN TOMTEER.:
JOM fl. ’BWTTOJf,; Editor fc Proprietor. ;
1; PA.. Nfo- 0,.1854i ;
V Cooper,, the/talented, editor .of the
-.■Chamhersbiirg Valley Spirit, has gone on ft lout
/’ rcc'niit his health. /Salt Biyeris
his rout at all/ . He wilU write home to
- Jhls papcr.gmng his observations on men and
•‘‘things.",',
r> 'Dbath pj" an Ewtob.—‘Wit. R. M’Cat, Esq,
’//pr inany ycara one of.the editors and propric
-thrtof theLejvistownTn/e Democrat, died at
hisresidence at on Monday of last
/• week:-:Bged 43 years. . It was our pleasure .to
• :bo long and intimately acquainted with Mr.
: M)CAY,nndit is with sorrow we chronicle his
t. early death. "Wfe always found him, a man of
'. sterling integrity, and a faithful kind-hearted
/ V * . ,
' / President Pierce's Health. — The Wash
ington correspondent of the New York Times,
•siys;— -. ■ • •
The President’s - health. I regret to say, has
• hcch qlijte bad of late, having suffered from rc
* mittent fever. Although not entirely confined
"to the house, he looks poorly.
■. K/* Anderson G. Haevet has been ap
pointed by. the Canal Commissioners Collector
of Tolls af Lewislown, in place of War. R.
M’Cat,' deceased. '
JCT* A trotting match for 52.000, mile heats
best three in five,under the saddle,catch weights
came off at last Friday afternoon, between the
celebrated horses 3Lac and Tacohy, on the Long
Island race course. Mac won the race, making
.thoiaslcst heat, that has been made during the
year 185-1—2:27.
DC?*. The Cleveland Plaindealer states that
• various sums of money having been lost through
' the mails between that place and Wheeling,
Bhallcross of Wheeling, Special Mail -Agent,
undertook to ferret out the jobber. Suspicion
finally rested on the’Wellsvillo office. Eighty
'dollars, recently mailed Et that plsce, was ab
’ stractodi and the robber)* traced to son of the
postmaster,, who was arrested and taken to Co
lumbus.
. -Filial Affection — A singular exhibition
of filial affection is related to have transpired
recently in Detroit. Michigan. A mother and
son were convicted of stealing, and sentenced to
five years each in the State Prison. When the
mother had received her sentence, the son arose
begged that the court would release his pa
rent and allow him to serve out both terms of
punishment. The Court of course could not
grant his request.
State Treasuree.— The Daily News, of
Philadelphia, “trots oat" its friends Henry 8.
Evans, of Chester, and George 11. Hart and
Dr. Dillee Luthee, of Philadelphia, in con
nection with the office of State Treasurer.
. Geeat Sale of Cattle— The sale of cattle,
&c., recently imported by the “Kentucky Im
porting Company/' took place in Fayette coun
ty, in that Slate, on the oih ult. Fifteen cows
and heifers sold at prices ranging from $650 to
£215, including one at $6OO and tire at over
$5OO each. Six bulls wen; also sold, one at
$3,500, End the nest highest at $6OO. Ahorse,
Berea years old. brought §1,050. A number
of sheep were disposed of, at from §5O to $287
for bocks, and from $2O to $OO for ewca ; and
ten.pore Liverpool while and seven improved
Yorkshire bogs, at from $2O to $7O each.
£7* The people continue to nish in great
numbers to tbe landofficcsof the West, to pur*
chase lands under-the late act of Congress.—
At Fayette, in Missouri, there were some 800
persons present, and no little excitement pro
railed, At Palmyra, the town was literally
crowded by the thousands seeking lands and
homes.
Dcatu Bed Coxfessios <>r Mukdkr.— About
ten days ago, a woman aged about 80 years,
(ottaonol given) died in the neighborhood of
the Water Works, Lebanon county, who, a short
time before her death, confessed that many
rears since she poisoned a man named Deitz,
of North Annville township, with whom shelir*
«d ft# house-keeper, a id also murdered throe of
her own children This, if true is horrible.
1 Girls Eloping with Indians.— Recently a
band of Indians gave a performance in So'merset.
Ohio, and two girU. sisters, were so captivated
with the “dance and the whoop of the sons of
nature,” that they asked permission to accom
pany.them, which was gallantly granted. The
mother of tho girls subsequently not only con
sented to their being squaws, but joined the
sage party herself! There’s no accounting for
tastes.
Ho.t. S. A. Dodoiab.— -Tho personal and po
litical friends of Judge Douglas have tendered
him a public dinner at Chicago, on tho filh of
November, which ho has accepted.
K 7" John Hodgson, Esq., Editor of tho West
Chester Jeffersonian, has been appointed by Gov.
Bigler a N otary Public of Chester county. Ed
itors ought to learn to bo “llianklul for small
favors/*'as these are pretty much the only sort
they receive In payment ot political services.
A Last Home yon the Printer. —The Sa
vannah News says that previous to tho death
of.tho late Samuel Chapman, editor of theSa
vanhah Journal and Courier, a few weeks since,
that gentleman purchased a lot in Laurel Grove
Cemetery, to bo appropriated especially as a
place of burial for printers. The purchase was
hardly completed when ho himself was called
to the mansion of the blessed, and bis-body be
came the first occupant of tho tomb.
Slate Catcher Mobbed —Asa 0. Butman,
Who had arrested the fugitive slaves in Boston,
Thomas Sims and Anthony Burns, wns In
Worcester, Maas., on Sunday. Ik was mobbed
by tho Abolitionists and negroes, and narrowly
escaped with his life. He was compelled to
IcaVo Worcester and promise never to visit it
again.
(Cs* A’frightful explosion took place at Ear
le’s Hotel, New York city, on Saturday after-'
noon. A keg of powder winch had been placed
near tho book-keeper's desk in a valise, explo
ded, doing great damage, but fortunately injur
ing no person, though many were in tho imme
diate vicinity.
(C7* Amo.stdeslructivcfirc occurred at Cleve
land, Ohio, at 2 o’clock on Saturday morning
lofit, by which three squares of tho city were
laid in ruins, including a custom-house and two
largo hotels. Tho loss is estimated at half n
million pf dollars.
TOTO MBTHIM.”
The people don’t rise up in their might and
pitch a man out as they have done Bigler, or
thrust* back a grtat would-be leader 'nn they
have Bonham, without. meaning something by
it. Every body else thmks they meant to con- ,
demn the Ncbrnska'iniquity but thb-Folimferr, -
and it may ns well be left in ' wilful blindness
—Carlisle Herald, ; ;
/The Herald is not at all emnrt.or it would
not attempt to prove that the laic Know-Noth
ing victory in this Congressional district and
in the State, is an endorsement of Whig princi
ples. Opposition to tho “Nebraska iniquity,”
as our neighbor calls it, was, wo grant, about
tho only principle tho Whigs avowed in tho lato
content. ' Wheri they nominated Pollock, Dar
sie, and Smyscr % they adopted a resolution con
deming the Ncbraska-Kansas bill, thus making
it an issue, $0 far as they were concerned.—
But Daesie. who was supported-by Whigs
alone, was defeated by the astounding majority
of over 190,000 votes, and Sityseu was deflated
by overdG,ooo votes. These gentlemen were tho
Whig candidates proper; Mott and Black arc
both Nebraska men. «If the result of the elec
tion “means something,” will our neighbor
solve the meaning of tho Waterloo defeat of his
Whig-anti-Ncbraska candidates ? Hickman, a
Nebraska man, is elected to Congress over Bno
mall, anti-Nebraska, in tho strong-Whig dis
trict of Chester and Delaware: Drum, (Demo
crat,) who voted, against the Nebraska bill in
the last Congress, is defeated in the Westmore
land district.. Will tho Herald inform us of the
“meaning”of,these results? -And, while his
hand is in, will he tell us/why it happened that
in;this county Snoop was defeated by 1092 votes
Snyder by 1156, and Sktles by 1939 ? These
gentlemen, We arc sure, always sustained good
characters, and they arc all good Whigs and
opposed to the “Nebraska iniquity.”
We cannot agree with the Herald, therefore,
when it asserts that the lato election was a con
demnation of the Nebraska bill. It was no
'such thing. It was a Know-Nothing victory,
and nothing else, and there is not much mean
ing in it. The Know-Nothings have no nation
al principles; they vole for a wan without re
gard to his opinions on any question, so that
ho is willing to swear opposition tp tho Irish
and Dutch. We repeat, then, tho Herald , by
attempting to claim the recent victory as an en
dorsement of the principles of. tho late Whig
party, is digging its own political grave. Tho
editor’snew masters,the Know-Nothings, claim
the victory, and they have a right to do so. : They
were willing, during the contest, to receive the
services of the Herald , but they are not willing
that the result shall be claimed as.a triumph of
Whig doctrines, and it is because of the course
of the editor of Herald, since the election, that
his new masters are talking of establishing a
new Know-Nothing paper in this place, in op-
to the Herald. Our neighbor should
be more careful. Uo should not attempt to
appropriate the trophies of the late election to
Whig purposes—the Know-Nothings will not
submit to any such presumption.
In support of our assertion that the result of
tho recent election is an unmeaning Know-
Nothing triumph, and that the Know-Nothings
do not support or oppose men because of their
political opinions, we quote the following short
but pithy article from the Lancaster Examiner,
the organ of the old line Whigs of the “old
guard
“The Know-Nothings do not know to-day,
what they will be compelled to support to-mor
row. They may be required to vole forNe
braskaitesorahti-Nebr^skaites—Mainclawmcu
or anti-3laine law men—Whigs. Democrats or
Abolitionists—for or against the sale of the
I public works—or for a general mixture of all
these issues, as was the ease with the late*"in
dependent ticket,” in Lancaster county.”
OfiOlVS.
Tho Know-Nothing ami Whig papers all over
the Slate, are very abusive of Mr. Baker, the
Superintendent of the Columbia rail-road, be
cause, Immediately after the election, he dis
charged every man from the road who had voted
against Gov. Bigler. These men had joined
the Know-Nothing Order at Columbia, and of
course voted against Gov. Bigler, not because
they were opposed to him, but because they
considered that the oath they hud taken re
quired them to do so! Mr. Baker, not knott
ing what else their oath might require them to
do, considered them dangerous men in the pub
lic service, and discharged them. Was he not
right ? Men who will take a solemn oath to
do an act contrary to their own judgement,
and thus bind themselves to be the mere slaves
of a set of political sharpers, arc not to be trust
ed in a public capacity. A man who can be
induced to swear away his privileges as a free
nmn, and forced to vote contrary to his judge
ment, is not to bo trusted in any public capa
city, and Mr. Baker but performed Ids duty,
os a faithful public servant, when he discharg
ed these men.
The Register and Citizen, a Know-Nothing
paper published at Lancaster, contains a long
article against Mr. Baker for discharging these
men. From it we take tho'following extract;
“And now, we ask. why were they dischnrg
cd ? Hearken! we will answer— dkoausetiiky
wkrr Americans, and dared to exercise the
right of an American, to vote as they pleased
—to exercise the right of independent suffrage
—that most precious boon bequeathed to ns by
our Revolutionary sires who shed their blood
and offered up their lives that we might bo
Freemen. One word more: This is proscrip
tion—’tis the vilest persecution.”
The Examiner, tho able organ of the old line
Whigs of Lancaster county, copies the above
extract, and then replies to it in this fashion:
Not being in tho habit of blaming others for
doing what we do ourselves, ami knowing, fur
ther, that Gov. Pollock will remove every man
who voted for Bigler he can lay hands on, ns
custom requires that ho should do, we have not
made mucu of an outcry at Sir. Baker's dis
charging workmen who voted for X’ollock.
But the Rcg-Mcr’a talk about right of
independent suffrage," recalls to mind thefnet,
that tho Know-NoihingJodges of this city arc
farpc//ing all their members who were indepen
dent enough to vote for the Whig candidate for
Congress at tho late election. * That most
(precious boon, bequeathed to us by our revohw
tionary sires, who shed their blood and offered
up their lives that wo might be freemen/' (Reg
ister) is alike denied to the hands in the Parks-
Imrg shops and tho members of the Know-Noth
ing lodges of Lancaster city I Truly, our sires
, fought and died in vain !
Sinoolau,.— The last line ever sot by Kir.
Chart ton, a Pittsburg printer, whose death oc
curred lately, was this—
‘And even at lost the solemn hour ahall conic.’
Having done this ho (daggered IVom his case,
under n sudden attack of disease, and in a few
days died and was buried. Tho solemn hour
had come.
PROHIBITION
Tho complete returns of tho vote upon a Pro*,
hibitory Liquor Law, in this State, show that
the friends o£.tho measure have been defeated'
by E majority of 5168 votes.' Eor this .result,
we arc indebted tothe German VOte in Berks,
Lehigh, Northampton, and the foreign‘vote of
the Schuylkill miners.* It is deplorable that tho
humane desirfcs .of the largo boay:of intelligent
citizens should- be seaside hy so small a ma
jority. ThVtruth Is, the foreign vote in the
City of Philadelphia defeated the measure t and
this but adds one more reason to the long cata
logue which has induced the American party to
assert its supremacy.— JPhifa. Saturday Mail,
Wo clip the above extract from tho Saturday
Mail, a Know-Nothing and tenipcranco paper
published in Philadelphia. It is another evi
dence of the.intolerant spirit that characterizes
Know-Nothingism. ■ Because, forsooth, thepco
pleof this State have declared against a prohibi
tory liquor law, -the Germans of Berks, Lehigh,:
Schuylkill • and. Northampton counties must
bear the abuse of a.city scribbler. Nay more,'
this self-constituted censor thinks that‘the
“foreign vote” assisted to defeat the measure,
and, for the purpose of making,a little 'capital
for his Know-Nothing cause, ho concludes that
this circumstance “addsone more reason tothe
long catalogue which has induced the American
party to assert its supremacy:” Oh, dear I
Now, wc don't know, nor do, wc care, how tho
“foreign vote” was cast, oh - the question of
prohibition. Wc suppose our naturalized citi-'
zens, like alb other, citizens, were divided in
sentiment in regard to this question. But, sup
pose, for the sake of argument, that the foreign
vote had been unanimously given in favor of
prohibition, our Know-Nothing city, censor
might then, with equal propriety, have charged
our adopted citizens with having controlcd the
question at, the polls. Thus wc sec, Know-
Nothing intolerance is determined to find fault
with adopted citizens and even with our own
German citizens. No difference how they vote,'
they musU be subjected to abuse. This goes to
show that Know-Nolhingism would deprive our
German and naturalized citizens from voting at
all on any question. .
That the editor of the Saturday il jail wrote the
extract quoted above, with a political object in
view, must be manifest to all. If he, os a tem
perance champion, desired to chido the people
of the, counties wjio had voted against prohibi
tion, why did lie not mention some others than
the three heavy Democratic counties of Berks,
Northampton and Schuylkill? Why did he
not also empty the vials of his rath upon the
Germans of Lancaster, a county that gave Pol
lock a majority of over 6000, and also gave a
majority against prohibition of over 3000 ? And
why semnDanphin, Franklin, Lebanon, Union,
and other heavy Whig counties ? Is he not
aware that there are a great number of Ger
mans in all those counties, who were equally
entitled to his’censure? He might have men
tioned the fact, too, that Pollock’s own county
(Northumberland,) gave over 700 Against pro
hibition, and that Bigler’s county (Clear
field) gave nearly AOO for prohibition.' To have
mentioned these‘things, hqwevtr, would not
havcsuiicd his purpose. Our-ypponenis desire
to keep the temperance question still open, in
the hope that they can again uselt as a political
hobby. In the late contest Bigler was dtnoun
ccd by every scribbler as
“the rum candidate,” and Pollock was repre-'
sentcd ns tbo,’great champion of temperance,
and'yet vy? find Pollock’s friends at home voting
agaiqsl the .measure, and Bigler’s voting for it.
The fact is, our opponents did notairfl' Uo~nnt
now want a majority of the people to vote for
th£ Maine Law. Those who were its loudest
advocates voted against it, and how, after they
defeated the measure, they attempt to throw
the blame from themselves, and would hold the
Democratic counties of the State and the Ger
man Democrats responsible] Their hypocricy
is too plain. True temperance men cannot, we
think, bo much longer deceived by the profes
sions of these political tricksters.
KNowiNoTinsos in Court— ln a ease tried
last week before the Court of Common Pleas.nl
Lowell, (Mass.,) Justice Bishop presiding, Mr
B.F. Butler asked U, C. Snow, a witness on the
stand, if lie belonged to the secret' society ol
: Know-Nothings 1 At first Snow r dcimd that
he did, but finally, after consulting counsel,
answered in the affirmative; and along cross
examination elicited further answers. Ho had
beenamemberof thesneiety fouror five months.
Upon joining it he took an oath, “so help me
God.” There aro two degrees in the society.—
Had seen at the meetings Dr. Norman Smith
and Deacon John Pingree, two other witnesses
tn the ease. Refused to tell the form of initia
tion, because it might criminate him pud expose
him to punishment from the society. Judge
Bishop said it was a startling revolution that
men took secret oaths which they regarded ns
above the oaths administered in the courts. —
A. M. Gage, another witness, testified that he
had belonged to the secret order, but left it
three months since. i»r. Smith,above mention
ed, admitted that he belonged to the Know-
Nothing society, and that it exercises’ a politi
co! and religious influence: a Hogan Catholic
cannot be admitted, although lusbc an Ameri
can-born citizen. Could not tell tho form of
initiation because it would expose him to pun
ishment ; and for the same reason could not
tell what office ho held in tho lodge at Groton.
A Sad Disappointment. —Theßoston(Mass.)
Journal, of the Ist Inst., says: Last evening,
at 7 o’clock, that being the appointed time for
the ending of nil sublunary things, according to
the Milleritc belief, some forty of thy believers
in that doctrine assembled at tho corner of
Fourth and C streets. South Boston, arrayed
in white roltcs, and anxiously awaited tho mo
ment when they should make their grand as
cension. . Whether they arc still waiting we
know not, bu t they were certainly disappoint
ed In their expectations of “going up” last
evening.
(£7*“ It is rumored that Ross Winnns, pro
prietor of the extensive Locomotive Works at
Baltimore, has dismissed two-thlrdaofliis work
men, not being able to obtain prices for work
sufficiently high to warrant him in paying tho
present rale of wages.
K7* A white squirrel was shot on Monday
in the woods near Cornwall, Lebanon county,
by Mr. Charles Brothcrlinc. The Advertiser
says its coat is almost pure white, and that it
in tho first of the kind ever seen in tho neigh
borhood.
IfosTi.RU RonnED.— George Rltz, hostler at
Bechtel's lintel, in Allentown, was recently
robbed of 8275 which ho hod locked up in a
cVy«Unlh»»l«U». ' , .
USITED STATES SEPi’ATOB,
:..Theopposltioh journals of the-State hare
quite a time of it milling up acondiato for
United .States. 'Senator/ A great number of
gentlemen hiavo been trotted .'out—one or two
in nearly evciy cbuntyi Several very good men
have been named,' and a great many, that arc
not so good. • The J/iftonmn; the homo organ
of Judgo PoixocK, is out flat-footed, for cx-
Govcrnor Johnston. This is indicative of tho
feelings of (be Governor-elect, and is what wo
expected. ; It is but the carrying out of a bar
gain, sealed, signed and delivered between
Johnston and Pollock during the sittings of
the Whig-Statq Convention, that nominated tho.
latter for Governor. Johnston was theruling
spirit iii that Convention, and had been appoint
ed as the friend of Gen. Lauimerb, for Gover
nor. But,', although ho was tho ostensible
friend of tiARiHEKE, he, by trick and'manage*,
ment, succeedcd.in having Pollock nominated,
with the’ understanding that ho (Johnston)
should receive the support of Pollock for Unit
ed States Senator.,. Such was the bargain be
tween the high contracting parties, and it ap
pears that Po’llook is determined to adhere to
the understanding then lmd.
find that ho has been deceived
—ho will And (hat hianew friends care nothing
more for Imp. They used him in tho late cam
paign, and dragged him from the bench to oc
cupy the, stump to deliver political speeches
against Qbv. Bigler —but they are now done
with him, and laugh at his presumption in ask
ing them, to support him for United States Sen
ator. . They were willing to recognize his trea
son to his professed principles/and to flatter
him with promises, so long as they required his
services on tho stump, but they nevertheless
despise the traitor.
. But, can William F. Johnston bo elected
to the. U. S. Senate ? Will tho Legislature be
so strongly tinctured with Abolitionism as to
elect a rank, Abolitionist to this exalted posi
tion ? Wo hope not—we hope that, notwith
standing tire influence Gov. Pollock will at
tempt to exercise in the matter, that there will
be enough of National Democrats and Whigs
to thwart his purposes. The course for the
Democratic members of Assembly to pursue is
plain. If t.i\ey find, on the meeting of the Leg
islature, that they are in a hopeless minority,
it should then be their object to make the best
of a bad bargain. They should join the old line
National Whigs—such Whigs as are not ready
to sell themselves, body and breeches, to a con
temptible ftciion ofproscriptionists—and elect
a good, substantial, old-line Whig—a Henry
Clay if you choose; one who respects
the Constitution of his country, and who has
no sympathy with Abolitionists or any other
dangerous faction. Senator Cooper is such a
man, and if‘w(Tcannot have a Democratic Sen
ator, wc would rejoice to see Cooper rc-elcctcd.
lie is a'most decided Whig in politics, but yet
he is a high-toned honorable man, who has
sustained ah enviable position since he has oc
cupied a seat in tho Senate. He is too much of
a statesman, too high-minded and manly, and
Ims too much respect for the laws and constitu
tion, to be a favorite with such tricksters and
factionista as Johnston and Pollock ; but we
trust, ns we said before, that a majority of the
Legislature yyll not be composed of men who
are wniin£.yq_do the bidding of these two gen
tlemen. .We hope to see their plans and bar
gains recciVv a rebuke at the hands of tho peo
ple’s roj\ml(2nativts—^a rebuke that will here
after serve ytfrning ‘ to-'poiifar gomWero
{O* A conflagration took place on the
night of the I2lh ult., at the adjoining towns of
Newcastle and Gateshead, England, commenc
ing in the worsted Fucloiy of- Mr! Wilson, in
Gateshead, and extending to the adjoining fac
tory of Mr. Bertram, in which lat ter were stored
salpctrc, sulphur, nitre, naptha, and other com
bustibles. Tntho midst of the tumult these
combujjiiblcs exploded, with a terrific report,
which shook both towns to their foundations,
caused the bridge across the stream to vibrate
like a thiiVM'ire. brought down the whole mass
of burning buildings, buried many of the crowd
in the* ruins, shook down several adjacent houses
and scattered the flames ove’r various parts of
Newcastle, ®n the opposite sidy of the river,
1 where a great destruction of property ensued.—
Forty persona were killed and over one hundred
wounded, r
Tub Wab op 1812— National Convention
in Washington Citt.—We arc requested hy
the President of the Military Convention, held
in Philadelphia, Oth of January, 1851, to pub
lish the following notice:
“The defenders of the country in the second
war of indppqpdcnco who still survive, and the
children of such ns dead, arc requested to
send delegates to the city of Washington, to at
tend a Convclition. to be held there on the Bth
of January,'Ticxt, 1855, to adopt such measures
as will induce Congress not only to do justice
to them, hilt also to the widows of those who
have gone to their last account. 1 ’
It is important that parlies interested in all
the Slates sljould take immediate steps to dc
pule their quota of delegates to Washington on
the Bth ot January next; It is deemed impor
tant that th» Convention should meet in the
immediate vicinity of the two Houses of Con
gress, ho thkt the men of 1812 may be seen as
well as heird by the Representatives of the
people.
K 77 The value of the dimoncl which has been
found lately in Manchester,-Virginia. is said to
he worth three or four thousand dollars. A
scientific examination shown that it refracts,
and if rubbed on dry cloth or leather, acquires
positive electricity, ana on being suddenly re
moved iit)m the sun’s rays into tho dark, it
sends forth sparks of light resembling fairy
like blazing stars.
K 7" John C. Cox, a telegraph operator nt
Jeffersonville, Ind., was shot and wounded a
tew days ago. by a desperado named Alhy,
who came near being lynched.
DtT'Many years ago, drunkards in England
wore punished by being obliged to carry thro*
the public streets what was called tho drunk
ard’s cloak, which was a largo barrel, with ono
end out, and a hole in the other, through which
(uput the head, while tho hands were drawn
through small holes on tho side.
(C 7" Judson, alias Ned Buntime, tho father
of Know-Noihingism, Imsbeen arrested at Bow
doinham,)Maino, for shooting a negro man in
a row, and wounding him badly in the leg.
(£7* The lost society spoken off is t|ip “Pay
Nothing.” It is said to be alarmingly prosper
ous. Tho password Ja “Lend mo a dollar,” —
the responsebroke.”
homs.
• If we were to tell a number of our friends that
they don’t .know what a ‘‘home’ 1 is, they would
grow somewhat: indignant—perhaps-use hard
words, And yet it. may be remarked that tho'
number p! persons who know;njhat a genuine
honio jsj by experience.’ ; few.—'
One-man iii good circumstances Will tell us that
ho has a flue house of his own, in'which every
comfort and convenience aro provided. He has
a wife and children - there, also, and they giro’
life to the place* Very true. But does ho pre
fer that home, thus furnished and thus enliven
ed, to every other place in tho world ? Does ho
sigh,, wheq tho honor of leaving comes, and smile
when he is permitted to return ? Docs he love
to sit byAho cheerful fire and fondle tho chib
dreii, entering into all their little disputes with
acuriohs liitcrcst? - Dow ho take particular
note of tlie bird in the cage, and the cat, near
the fire ? If not, ho has no homo, in the dear
est sense of that dearest of words.' If his mind
is altogether absorbed-in the dusty ways of
business—rif he hurries from the house in- the
morning, and is loth ;to return, at night—if,
while he is at homo, ho continues to .think of
-tlie journal and ledger, and repulses the advance
of the prattling children, he has no home; ho
only has a place where he lodges and takes his
meals.", -
• Ah I happy is ho who knows and appreciates
the full bliss of home; whose heart is warmed
and, hunianized by its cheerful influences, and
who feds how superior in purity of pleasure are
allits enjoymcms.tb the turmoil delights of out
door life.' Thrice happy, is such a man. Ho
has discovered the only Paradise tills world can
now aflbrd.- ,It is only such a man who can
have a deep and sincere pity for the unfortunate
creatures who arc homeless. lie regards them
as being cut offfrom the best influences of the
earth, and exposed to the action of tho darker
waves of life. He feels keenly for him who has
no fircsilSe—no dear ones to welcome him with
smiles, and prattle oyer the little history of tho
day—no tohdnc to soothe when heavy cares
have troubled the mind and rendered the heart
sore; and the sympathy of such a man -is not
slow to overflow in acts of benevolence. A
good home is the source of the fountain of chari
ty in the heart,
• Qur advice to those who have no homes, such
ns wc have described above, is to get them as
soon as possible.' They can never be contented
and substantial citizens, nor thoroughly happy
men, until they follow this counsel. Get homes!
Fill them with the objects of love and endear
ment, and seek there for the pure delights
which the world besides cannot .aflord.
AGRICULTURAL. ADDRESS.
Below will bo found a beautiful extract from
an address delivered before the Agricultural
Society of Somerset county by tile Hon. J. S.
Black, the present Chief Justice. It is from
these occasional literary dibits that most men
form their estimate of the ability of our loading
minds. Few have cither the faster orir.clination
to read the reports of decisions in tbo Supreme
Court, amt consequently few become acquainted
with the forcilileflfyle,thooriginalityof thought
and the happy power of illustration, which have
made the subject of the present notice the ad
miration and pride of bis profession. The ad
dress is marked throughout with ninnfy and no
ble sentiments, ami abounds In classic beauties.
To say of It all that its merits deserve, without
producing a specimen, would subject us to a
charge of writing from*p;irtlsan prejudice# Wo
prefer tl> let tlurextraot-spcokforilself.' In onr
humble opinion. It is hard to find a more vivid
picture of human progress in' the works of any
Jiving writer or speaker than is contained In the
following passage. In eloquence, terseness,
sublimity, and simplicity, it will bear a compar
ison with any of tho productions of modern lit
erature that wo have been taught to regard as
models of power and beauty s'
“Without Science, man the ruler of this
world, would bo the most helpless ot all anima
ted beings. His Creator made him the monarch
pi tho earth, and gave him dominion over it, to
govern and control it; to levy unlimited contri
butions upon it, ami convert everything in it to
bis own use. But be found himself at the head
of a revolted empire. All its physical forces
were in a state of insurrection against hlslawiul
authority. The inferior animals were bis ene
mies. Tim storms poured their fury on bis un.
sheltered head, lie was terrified by tho roar of
tho thunder, and the lighting seared his eye
halls, lie was parched under the hot sun of
summer, and in winter he was pierced by the
cold. Tho soil, cursed for his sake, produced
thorns and thistles. Tho food that might sus
tain his life grow beside the poison that would
destroy It, and ho knew not how to distinguish
the one from tho other. The earth hid liermjn
crala deep hi her bosom, and guarded them with
a rampart of tUck-riudcd rocks. The rivers
obstructed his passage; tho mountains frowned
their defiance upon him } mid the forest spread
Its gloom around him, breathing a browner hor
ror upon tho dangers that head his way. If bo
left the dry land and trusted himself to the
ocean, the waters yawned to engulph him, and
tbo tempest came howling on his track. lie
seemed an exile and an outcast In the world of
which he was made to ho tho sovereign. But
Science comes to rescue tho powerless king
from his misery and degradation. Gradually he
learns from her the laws of his empire, and tho
thonns hy which his rebel subjects may bo con
quered. From ago to ngo bo accumulates the
knowledge, that clothes him with power, and
fills his heart with courage. Step alter step ho
mounts upward to the throno which God com
missioned him to fill. Ho bolds a barren seep,
ter In his hand no longer. Creation bonds to do
him homage. Tho subjugated elements own
him for their lord, yield him thoir fealty, and
become tho servants of his will, . Tho mine sur
renders ,lts treasures i tho wilderness blooms
around him like a now Eden \ tho rivers and tho
sea boar his wealth upon thoir bosonq tho winds
waft his navies round the globe ; steam, the joint
product of tiro and water, becomes his obedient
and powerful slave} tbo sunbeams are trained to
do his paintings} the lightening leaps away to
carry his messages j and tho earth works with
ccosloss activity to bring forth whatever can
minister to his gratification.”
Own Tnnuubiuiilk ULKssisns.—Tho season
foi special thanksgiving'ls nt bond, ami several
of tlio States have appointed a day for its obser
vance. GovemorPowolK of Kentucky, bnsglv
cn nu example of expressive brevity worthy of
special approbation i
“I, Lazarus W . Powell, Governor of IhoOom-
IV on «n' a °f Kentucky, doset apartTlmrsdny.
the ftOlli part of November, 1801, as a day of
Thanksgiving, and request that tho people of
Kentucky on that day suspend tholr,ordinary
pursuits, In order that all may attend on assem
blages for prayer, thanksgiving and praise to
Almighty God for tho Innumerable blessings ho
l.as bestowed upon ns as a People, State, and Na
tion,
“Awful Ficumua I”—A brother editor,after
scanning tho' returns of tho late election, ex
claims’‘These are awful figures—may wo
never look upon their like again!” So mote
it be.
(£7* The rumor that Col. J. W. Forney in
tends to resign the Clerkship of tho House of
Representatives this winter, Is contradicted.
Visitoos.:— During tho month upwards of ton
thousand persons have visited tho gallery ol (ho
Notional Institute and Patent. Office, Washing
ton. 'n
Inter from Europe,
- The steamship Pacific, at New-York, from
Liverpool, brings Liverpool dates to the 18th,
There is no netys of Interest from the Crimca.—f
On tho'4th a cannorindc took place at Odessa,
bctwctn-theEngisli steamers and.'the'quaran
tine fort,.The Russian troops continue to con
centrate on the Austrian frontier.' ;30,000 Rus
sian troops are at Bahchescral, and by the mid-:
die of October their array will amount to COjOdo.
besides the garrison of Sebastopol, 30,000 men,'
making in all 00,000. . The allies have the same
number of troops there, and a Turkish force ot
8000 men is to be added, as also the Egyptian
contingent of 7000 men. It is again said that
the Turkish General, Omer Pacha, was prepar
ing to assume the offensive in Bessarabia, com
mencing his operations on the .Pruth, the Do
brudscha-, and the sea. The whole of the French
.fleet in the Baltic is said'to be on.its way back
to France, and the smaller English vessels have
plfio left for England. The re-establishment of
Poland as a kingdom is said to be contempla
ted by. Franco and- England. In England, a
national subscription has been opened for the
wounded, and ,sick of,the army of the East.—-
Some great mercantile failures have occurred in
Ireland. In Spain, the foreign refugees have
received orders to quit Madrifl’ witlnh. eight
days. At Lisbon, Portugal, numerous failures
of both native and French houses had occurred.
In Denmark, the House of,Representatives has
voted to draw; Up articles of impeachment
against the ministry. Mr. Upton, son of the
English Engineer who constructed the fortifica
tions of.Sebastopol has been captured by the
British,’and will be used by Lord Knglan to
furnish information to be used in the siege. In
China, Canton had hot been taken,.though the
insurgents bad made three attempts.
Tliniitagtving rmtoiMlion,
Pennsylvania as.
In the Name and by the Authority of the Com
monwealth of Pennsylvania. Wim.um Big
lkb, Governor of said Commonwealth. •
|P|| PROCLAMATION.
h'clloxa Citizens ':—A sincere belief in che ex
istence of a God, and a just conception of Ilia
attributes lie at the foundation of true religion
and civilized society. -The free declaration of
this belief becomes a Christian people.
This Almighty and Beneficent God has great
ly blessed the Commonwealth and her inhabi
tants during the year that lias just closed.
An humble acknowledgment of Ills goodness
and mercy, and an open manifestation ' *
lude to Ilhn, is an act of homage end
coming a people so highly favored.
The blessing of peace lie has bestowed upon'
us. Our relations with all other States are
most amicable, and the tumult of Internal strife
has not been heard in our midst. All the great
interests of the people have been eminently pros
perous except only the Agricultural, which in
parts of the State, has suffered from the drought.
\Viih the exception of a few communities
which claim our sympathies, the blessings of
health have prevailed. 'Our inslitulionsof gov
ernment have been perpetuated, and civil and
religious liberty enjoyed by the people. The
cause of Education and Christianity has been
advanced—the arts and sciences have progress
(4* and ihc moral and physical condition of the
country been improved.
’The devastations of war which arc now so
SOreJy afflicting the people of Europe—the des
olations of famine and the ravage’s of pestilence,
have not been permitted to invade our favored
Commonwealth.
These manifold blessings ore the gift of God.
and to liim our'most devout thanks should be
offered. Under the solemn conviction of duty,
therefore, and in the conformity with tho wishes
of many good citizens, I.'William Bigler, Gov
crnor.olUheCommonweainujf Pennsylvania, do
hereby appoint TmmabXV, tub 23d” day or
Nqvbmbbu nkxt, as a day ‘of general thanks*
giving and praise throughout the State, and
earnestly implore the people, that setting aside
all worldly pursuits on that day, they unite in
ollering thanks to Almighty God for his past
goodness ami mercy, and beseech him for a con*
linuance of his blessings.
Given under'my hand, and the Great Seal of the
State, at Harrisburg, this twenty-eighth day
of October, in the year of our Lord one thou
sand eight hundred and fifty-four, and of the
Commonwealth, the seventy-ninth.
Bv tub Goveukoh: C. A. Black,
Secretary,of the Commomcculth,
Oct.-28th, 1854.
1 Its Public Works.
Wo suggested a low days since, that the op
position party would change their time in rcla
(ion to the sale of public works. The last num
ber of tho Telegraph) the central organ at Har
risburg, of the ICnow-Nothluga, has justuuulc
the discovery,“thutthu trickery of (he present
Canal Hoard, hy a reduction of tho tolls at mi
unproplllyus time, contributed largely to the
defeat of the sales of the Main Line, Inst July,”
and therefore, «‘wo recommend that the Board
he abolished immediately, and that the Govern
or he authorized, by and with the advice and
consent of the Senate, to appoint a General
Superintendent.”
All tills is just as wb expected It would bo,
and no one will feel disappointed. But truth
compels ns to say, that, tho Telegraph knows
very well that there is not one word of truth in
tho charge against tho Canal Board. Tho re
duction of tolls referred to had no effect upon
(ho sale ol’tho Main Lino, as was demonstrated
by tho Pennsylvania Kailroad Company. Be
sides this, tho Cana] Commissioners, in n com.
municathm to the House of llcprosontallvos,
when tho transaction was a topic of converse,
limit explained their action to (ho satisfaction of
every member. And tho Telegraph knows ns
well as wo do, or should know It, that the bill
for tho sale of tho Main Lino Was signed by (he
Governor before tno reduction in question took
place. But tho 2'elcgraph wants an excuse for
not selling tho works \ ami wo predict (hat If
the Board bo abolished, that will bo (he cud ol
all attempts to soil them.— Pennsylvanian*
MAnnuaß Licences.—Eighty-eight marriage
licenses have been Issued from tho clerk’s office,
Washington, this month.
Oy Tho vote upon tho question of a . Prohl.
bltory Liquor Law fell abort of that for Govern
or-10,257,
Oy Then. Chester, a colored man, and ft
lawyer In Liberia, la on a visit to UartUlmrg,
where he formerly lived.
tt7“ Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, ft catho
lic signer of tho Declaration of Independence,
contributed one million'of dollars lo tho Amer
ican cause.
05“ Tljo sales of Hie public limits U'ls year
will ejccoil 0,000,000 ocios | a liirgor quantity
Ilian lias boon sold any ono year fur .llfteon or
eighteen years.
CCT' Acsonllng to the latest retains, (hoavor
ago of the salaries of elementary school was
ter® In Groat .Britain, doe® not uzaued S26U or
$BOO a year.
.Differends iiktween two Suits.—There j®
tills diUerence between a law and a lovo-ault—
that with a law-ault our fears are generally for
the worst, whereas with a lovo-sult our hopes
oro ulwaysfor the heat.
DjTTwo Passengers by the steamship Wash
ington, at New York, were arrested for suing-
On one was found a large buckskin belt
led around his body, in which ttiuro were
Iwo rows of watches tightly sowed Into a bolt,
varying In value from sloo to $2OO each.
An Unbeasonaiuk Fashion,— A day or two
aliico a man was soon entering the city ofßrldgo.
qort, Conn., from tho direction of Fairfield, In
n state ot entire nudity. Ho anld lie was bound
for Missouri, ami wnuaSwodo, but tho author!-
tics proamnlng that lio did not know whore ho
was going, nor who ho was, took him un aud
had lUm carod for.
; THE;WAR.IN THE fiRIJIEITT~
miiiiATio.vs nßroiife- subasiopoj..
The correspondent of the London ChronirtE.
As yet, not a gun him been fired against R.-
hastdpol; mid although tho enemy baa throfcß
a few shells at onr advanced divisions, not n S 3
has.been.lost,/ .This, however, is.bnl theolaiu
preceding the storm. ■ Since tho hostile ft w
have been face to face, no time has been wise I
oh either side, Doyond night have tho Haft
sions labored to strengthen the neglected In,!!
fortifications of tholown.-; Fresh rcdbhbtsK
been' thrown op, breostwbrks cohslructcd' ijl
tho stone towers most exposed toohrTafiaiS
nearly disappeared in thb earth thrown
against them., On tho east of the totvn Lll
cber. And consequently immediately Jn
tho-Bntish lines,, a btfphg horsc-shoc ;rolo U u
hashed) .constructed, which ws do hot
marked in any of.thc maps now before-ovS
this will be the point, againsb/which our’attar?
must first he directed/ The cm my deserves th,
greatest credit for the energy ho has shown in
the lost few days; bqt-it'qow-yemams to be
proved if (heir activity bo inspired by dolerroi
nation or by despair.,; A spiritof dissimulation
anti falsciiood Bcenisjolurk in eveiything Rus
sian ; and in tho harbor of Sebastopol, With her
guns elevated to,command the plain above,lies
a 74-gun ship, painted to resemble A three-doc it
er. This paltry art jflee, however laudable in a
'Chinese mandarin, is certainly unworthy of A
Russian admiral, On oursidbi at Boiakiava
the greatest activity his never ceased to re!™'
Tile stupendous task of tending the heavy siege
puns has been concluded without accident,—
Forty-two 8-inch guns and morfars'arc already a’
mile within the positions they with occupy?—
Sixteen others, with sixty SSt-pounders landed
from the ships, follow up to-day.- This night
ground will bo broken, and. probably -to-mor
vow, or.,the day after, 120 guns will open their
fire upon Sebastopol. Much will, of eburae
depend upon (he nature of tho ground where
the parallel lines will he drawn, and' Our engi
neer officers describellicsnmeosmost’unfnvore
bio, being rocky, with tilde earth. ' Ground
will be broken at 540 yards from tho town.—
There can be little doubt that our guns once
placed in position, n breach will soon be cfie-ct
cd, and then' British, bayonets",w II clear tho
Russian batteries and entrenchments ’: hut 1
fear th.it before they can be brought efficiently
to hear, we shall have a heavy loss oflifo to de
plore- That Sebastopol will fall before six’dayg
nave passed is certain. The ship guns’will bo
worked by sailors; and about 600 biud jackets
landed from the Agamemnon and Sates partif'
encamped last night on shore, , ■ ’
Owing to the lire opened hy a Russian'bnf.
‘TO.'??'? 1 ? crMlcd for the .especial purpose,
the British second and fourth divisions retired
a few hundred ynrda to the rear of the position
they occupied. Not a shell told, but it' was
properly denned unadvisablc to risk the men's
lives with no advantage to gain. This battery
might be easily- silenced, had three-op four of
our siege guns been brought to bear upon it
but not a shot will he tired until all the cahnoft
arc in position. The practice of the Russians
was not had, and most of the shells hurst' in S
small quarry about fifty yards in front of the
fourth division. The range was about 1800
yards. A few round shot passed over' the di
vision, and one fell in the midst of the -CSif,
regiment, hut no one was hurt. The men look
ed upon the whole firing ns a spectacle got up
for their especial nmnsiracnt, and expressed
their approbation or disapproval, according to
the merits of the case. If a shill burst within
twenty yards of the group, it was hailed with a
universal 'Bono Johnny, hut if; on the - con
trary, the projectile chanced 10 hnrst in the
air. (os often occurred.) the men appeared-even
disappointed. Yesterday afternoon, the fourth
division changed places with the third; who
look the l ap, the regiments composing it being
aij armed with the Minio ride, whilst the fourth
siell shouldered the old musket. It iaoxpecled
that the honor of the assault will fall-to the
fourth division, supported by the third.
The Duke'of Cnmhj-edgc’s iiiviaion, consisting
of the Guards nnd Highland Brigade, remained
,ho "” r of the army noarUalaklava until the
2d of October, in order to cover the base of
operations from the possibility of an attack,—
Meanwhile, the roads and tracks through tho
hi !y eountry south of Khutor Mnokcniie, by
winch the alhed armies made tlicirflank fnareh
on flair klava , have been broken lift and put in
vo a slate of defence by tho British forces.—
flic pghl flank of (1.0 enemy is effectually cov
ered by the defile leading into the valley of Hie
Tehernnyn, by that stream, and by thomiershy
ground about it; and so satisfied was Lord
Koglnn on the Ist of October of the strength of
tins position, that he caused the', First Division
to advance to the right of (ho army; anil lb take
up the posil'cm it will occupy during the siege.
The Valley of Inkerpinn is a deep ravine
about one mile in breadth, formed hy the stream
of fchernaya before it falls into the western ex
tremity of Sebastopol harbor: (bis volley,is, in
faol .the cent,mint ion of (be deep inlet by which
the harbor itself is formed'. On the eastern
side of tins valley the ruins of Inkcrman still
retain traces of the fortifications erected by tho
Greeks or Genoese on this position ; nnd fortho
defence of Sebastopol against an attack hy land,
these heights ought,to have been crowned with
strong batteries, which wn’nld have rendered
he place almost impregnable, since they woulef
have; enfiladed the whole position now occupied 1
by the besieging armies. This precaution ap
pears, however, to have been ncglcrted. Along
the course Of the valley, and parallel with the
hl vvam of tho Tchcrnnya. runs the aqueduct;
which hnpphcf? the (.locks and paH of thtftown
with from water: and &o abruptly do tho
rooks rise over the ravine on the western Bide,
that on turning towards the harbor,'this aqpc
duct is earned through (v timnelm the free*
Stone rock 300ynrds in length. ' r
Rather more than a mile to the south of this
tunnel, and upon a height .which rises rcrpcU-.
dicularly above the vnllcv. tho First Division
of the British army has taken tip Ha position.
It forms, therefore, the extreme right of the
whole allied forces, and It is profeclca byaslccp
wall of rock, whlcbis inaccessible td the enrnrg.
Wo presume that the ground finite occupied Is
beyond Hie range of any guns which the .Bus-,’
sinus might be able to mount on ,‘tbo opposite
side of the valley, which la still for the present!
In their possession. 1 The French army occu-.
pies the left of our posltloru.find extends to thb'.
const Immediately south of wherO;
the deep and navigable bays offer the greatest.
fliciliticß for‘landing the siege-train and tho,
stores' of our allies : some delay has.ncvcrlhe
less taken place in this operation. On tho 3d,
no regular attack bad begun ph bny part of tbo
place, but the booming of heaVy puna from tho
forts Of Sebastopol sounded like the prelude to
tho tremendous struggle which was about to
commence, and showed that tho enemy was re
solved and prepared to offer a strenuous defence
of the place on every side. .
' Thoro was a rcconnoisnncc of tho enemy's
position yesterday, October 2d, by Lord Ra
glan nnd staff. Sir John Burgoyno also made
an engineering rcconnoisnncc. The enemy fired
on them, but without effect.
Ttmust be understood (hat Sebastopol Is by
uonunhs “invested.” It is only threatened on
the. south and southeast side by tho army,
while the fleet attacks itqn thecastsido/ There
is an enormous boom across tho entrance,' afid
ninny ships have been suplc also closq to tho
batteries. We have already found -by experi
ence that, heavy ns our snips’ guns arc; tho
Russians, by giving their heavy, metal great,
elevation, nro able (o-throw further"‘from their
batteries than wo can from our decks. Their
allot went over ps tho other day, when oura
were falling 500 yards short. . ’ ■
lIonjOIDE or A MEMBER OF CONGRESS.—TJIO
Alabama papers fitato that (ho lion* James Ab
crcromblu, a Kcproscnlatlvo In Congress from
that State, recently killed a man In tho State of
Florida. Tho particulars att> not given, but It
appears that Mr. Abercrombie was discharged
altar a judicial investigation, thus Implying that
tho homicide was justifiable;- 1 ,
Ctyßlchard Crandcll, an active farmer of
Anno Arundel to., Md., la IpQ years old t ;
-t;