AMERICANTGLUNTEER
■JOfI.V )!. BiMTTO, Editor & Proprietor.
CARLISLE. 1 “A., MAY 25, )854.
itomooratic State Ticket:
GOVERNORi
WILLIAM BIGLER,
OF OLEAIIFIED COUNTY.
JUDGE OF THE SUPREME COURT.
JEREMIAH S,BLACK,
OF SOMERSET COUNTY.
C -VNAL COMMISSIONER ;
HENRY S, MOTT,
OF TIRE COUNTY,
~*j>3 : ’our attentive Representative in Congress,
Hon. Wu ' i \m 11. Ki RTZ. has again placed us
under obligation* for various public documents,
for which he will please accept our thanks.
Oni Kourtit Pauk.— On the fourth page of
to-dav’a pnnrr will be found a number of inter
cstin1 * article*. among which is an abstract of
the new School I.aw. an extract from theTwen
ty.ftrst Annual Report of the Managers of the
. I'.aaia Institution for the Blind, the new
Limw Law. Ac.. &c. These articles will well
repay at attentive perusal.
Pe vtit nr ovr. of thr Bapks.— We are sorry
10 learn, sayc the Shippcnsburp AVir.s, that one
nf liit' interesting group nf four boys, whose
Kirtli we announced a few weeks ago. is dead.
1 1 would have been singular Indeed had these
children tinned very long, for they could not
ns a main r of .-nurse. receive the attention and
noui i.'hment which nature demanded. The
naim i*•' i h.- d. one was William Rankin,
the name nf ihe unending physician. The three
remain. pg uro doing as Well as could be tx-
I-’bd. r
I\st\u.ation. — The Rev. Mr. A. Height,
f.riTMil’. of the- '-'Minty, will be installed, on
Sundav next thv 2Mh inst .as Pastor of the
d.lferenl I,mb' run congregations of the Bloom
fiiM i', ;i j i m I*, nv county. The sen ices
conn'vx-d w,i h I'm- installation w ill be conduct
td by Rev U Wi'wt and Rev. J.
Evan-- of X'-A Mile. The h .ei,d> of religion are
invited to at u nd
The Ke\ l>r Aikxam'RU T. McOii.t.,
formerly Pa-uor of the 2d Presbyterian Church
of Carlisle hi!* recently been appointed by the
General of the Presb\ torian Church
(Old School 1 to the ] > rofe«** , >r«hip of Pastoral
Thcoloc\ a* tie Pi .ii'vton ■'uumary.
—Tlie 1> mt; 1) septum of the
Sr \t n 11,; \ i
chafer in .fj" i.iiiii: the PenuM-Wanm State
era nt" one humlrul dol-
Agrieill'Uf.i: n
Uv> fr>>m -
'lujvsmy U* vwry < \tuuly
Arrifiliu.il! • 'ii t \ that raise* twice that .sum,
to bo gn <"i hi pn imums to competitors, at their
annual ixlu l
P The IVnn-v hnnm Stale Agricultural So
oielv have pnjnrul a very beautiful diploma
fur the i \!i.b,iw - at the Stale Fair, to be held
next f.dl in i’lulaiklpUm. It is printed in co-
N. F* U. Minlml, and, lioth in design
arid execution, is highly creditable to the ar
tists.
- .
A‘ Dauk Pat.—The almanacs say that there
will bo on extraordinary eclipse of the sun on
to-morrow. Friday the 26th Inst., such a one as
none but the ••oldest inhabitants” have wit
nessed in this vwmhy. U will be similar to the
great eclipse of 1806. since which lime there
hah bicn nunc ii-m'ihMing it mam than that of i
1831, when eleven-twelfths of the Mm was ob
scured.
Evangelical Lutheran Synod of Penn*
sylvama will commence in Reading on Trinity
Sunday. June lllh. The sessions of the Synod
will be held in N. .hums’ Ei angelica! Lutheran
Church —Ui-v.Mi ImlUt’r. It ihexpected that
about one hun Ind clergymen will bo in atten
dance-
Tennessee (>u Thursday, the 25eh of this
month, (to day i the chciton conics ofl’ for of
ficers to till tiic Mural judicial offices of the
State. Tins ih ihe first election of the kind in
Tennessee. The elections only take place every
six, eight ami twelve years.
The Borland Treaty with Nicaragua is
undergoing a very thorough alteration, and will
be divisted of nnv objectionable provisions.— |
The Nicaragua Minister, Mr. Marcoletta, is en-,
gaged in the n'-gotialion, under the orders of
his government, and the treaty will be submit
ted to the Senate in a form acceptable to Nicar
agua, and favorable to American interests.
A Roland nm an Olivbu. —The announce
ment of Col. Benton that he would not receive
any letters through the St. Louis Post Office.
Ims stirred up the Postmaster —Mr. Armstrong
—of that place. A correspondent of the St.
Louis IlerM says:—l have heard it rumored
on the street to-day that Mr. Armstrdhg. the
newly appointed Postmaster, would not, on and
after Monday next, receive in or send from the
Post Office any of the hills of the Bank of the
Slate of Missouri which have engraven on the
fooo of them the likeness of Thomas 11. Benton.
fy* Gen. Gad3Dek, our Minister to Mexico,
arrived at Charleston, on Saturday the 12th
mat., bearing with him the new treaty with
Mexico, the details of which have not trans
pired, Qt least with the same certainty, or to
the same ex'c n' n-. was the case with the ori
ginal one, which Mr. U. negotiated.
The Nebraska Bill lias Passed!
It is with heart-full pleasure that we have to
announce the passage of ihe Nebraska Bill. It
passed the House of Representatives on Monday
last, by a vote of in to 100. The gallery ap
plauded loudly when the fact was inadukuown. |
The House immediately after adjourned. Thus 1
ends the light—the friends of justice and the
Union have triumphed, and Faction has receiv
ed its death Wow. All honor to the untiring
vigilance and indomitable energy of our Demo
cratic Representatives.
Monet Letters Sent rv Mail.—A post
master is not obliged to register money letters
deposited io his office for transportation by
mail. The Department, says the Washington
Star, advises that all postmasters shall keep
some memorandum of them, so that in case- Of
subsequent loss, the investigation it will occa
sion; nup*J)o more easily made, provided it can
be done without extra expense.
MURDER IN CARLISLE!
It is with humiliation and sorrow, we arc
compelled to announce thatA* most attrocious '
murder lias been committed m our town ! On
Saturday night, or rather Sunday morning last,
about 1 o’clock, two,parlies of young men met
at the comer of Pomfrct and Pitt streets, and
commenced fighting. The fight lasted but a
few minutes, and terminated in the death of
John Kennedy Dunuar, a young man about
20 years of age, who was stabbed to the heart
by Ephraim McMtmnAV, a young man about
the same age, a printer by trade, and recently
employed in the Herald office. After Dunbar
received the wound, he was carried to the house
of Mrs. Margaret Spottswood, close by, where
he lingered in groat agony for about two hours,
when death put an end to his sufferings. Me*
Murray walked home immediately after the
occurrence, and went to bed, where ho was
permitted to remain till morning, when he was'
arrested by Joseph C. Thompson, Esq., Cor
oner of the county, and placed in the custody
of the Sheri IF, by whom he was conveyed on the
afternoon of the same day to the Dauphin coun
ty prison, to await his trial at the August term
of our Court.
The weapon used by McMurray has not been
found, but is supposed to have been a large
dirk. He made but one cut at Dunbar, which
was given with powerful force, the knife enter
ing to the hilt, cutting one rib entirely off, and
penetrating the lungs and heart. From the
character of the wound, it was strange that
Dundau survived so long. lie bled proftisely,
I and the pavement where he stood when he was
I stabbed was covered with blood.
A few months since, on commenting upon the
deviltry practiced in onr town, we remarked
that we would not be surprised to hear of mur
der being committed in our midst, if rowdyism
ami rowdys were, not arrested. Now, we ap
peal to our citizens, and beseech them to meet
together, and adopt some plan by which the
peace of the town and the protection of our peo
ple and property will be secured. Our town
is infested by a set of scoundrels who are wick
ed enough to perpetrate any crime, no matter
how great. If our police cannot put a stop to
the depredations of these midnight marauders,
the citizens should take the matter in hand
themselves. Something must be done to put an
end to rowdyism in our town.
The funeral of young Dunbar took place on
Monday evening last, from the residence of his
mother, on South Pitt street, and the body was
followed to the grave by a largo concourse of
citizens, including the members of the Cumber
land Fire Company, of which he was a member.
Both he and McMlrrat were intoxicated when
the fight took place.
fcimly Superintendent.
On M.mdny, the sth day of June next, the
School Directors of the several districts of Cum
berland county, (with the exception, however,
of those of the borough of Carlisle, to which the
new S’bool law docs not apply,) are to assemble
and elect a suitable person as a County Superin
tendent of ('nmmon Schools, for three years.
This office will be one of great importance to
our Common School system. The Superinten
: dent will be clothed by the late law with large
powers m the management of the schools. The
assembled Directors who elect the Superinten
dent. arc also to determine uponpthc amount of
, his salary; and it is to bo paid by the State
Superintendent out of the public 'treasury, the
amount being deducted out of the State appro
priation to the county. It is highly important
to the success and value of our public schools
that the proper person be selected to fill this
office in our counly r . This officer is empowered
10 visit nil the public schools. no£t the mode and
course of instruction, and give such directions
as he, with the Board of Directors, shall see
proper: and provide for uniformity in the man
agement of the schools; and see that all the
elementary branches are taught in each. The
County Superintendent is also to examine all
applicants for situations os teachers, and give
certificates to such os he deems qualified ; the
certificate specifying the particular branches the
applicant is qualified to tench. "Without this
certificate no one can be lawfully employed os
a teacher. The Superintendent may also recall
or annul certificates for good cause, on ton days
notice being given to the Directors and teacher.
He is also to make a report annually to the Slate
Superintendent of the condition of the schools
in his county.
It will be seen that this officer will possess
large powers ; and no one but a thorough and
practical teacher and scholar should be elected
to the office. To his influence, faithfulness ond
ability, a great public interest is to be commit
ted: and if suitable persons are elected, this
, change in our school law will be of great value.
I The 27th section of the new law makes it the
duty of every public school teacher “ employed 1
under the provisions of this act to make out, I
and flic with the Board of Directors or Control
lers of the district, at the end of each month, a
report, setting forth the whole number of pupils
attending school during the month, designating
whether male or female, the number of days each
attended, the books used and branches taught:
and until such report shall have been made, it
shall not be lawful for the Board of Directors
to pay said teacher for his or her services : the
reports made in pursuance of the foregoing pro
visions, shall be regularly filed by the Secretory
of the Board of Directors or Controllers, and
shall at all times bo subject to the inspection of
any citizen of the district.”
The Jaw prohibits the levy of a higher school
tax than that of the county and State combined,
and the levy of an extra tax equal to the school
tax levied for the purpose of paying for grounds
I purchased, or the erection of school houses.
Borough improvements.
We learn that the Council of our Borough
are now having property-holders who have bad
pavements, notified to have them relaid with
I brick on or before a certain period. This is
1 right, and wo hope to see all our borough offi
cers zealous In pushing forward the good work.
Carlisle, although a beautiful and healthy town,
is, or has been, celebrated for its bad pave
ments. Within thu last four years, however, a
great number of pavements have been laid, and
some of our streets are beginning to present a
very different appearance to what they formerly
did. -Wo hope, therefore, to see our Borough
authorities determine to put an end to bad pave
ments. It is due to those who have made their
pavements, that all others should bo compelled
to do the same. Let the Council, then, enforce
its Ordinance, without respect to persons, and
as speedily as possible.
“SWAPS AND CHANGES.”
It has been said that “times change and men
change with them,” and this saying is certainly
true in relation to some men. Twenty years
ago, Thomas U. Benton, then a Senator of the
United States, and an acknowledged and highly
popular leader of the Democratic Party, when
the “Expunging Resolutions” were under con
sideration, rose in his place in the Senate, and
triumphantly exclaimed, “ Solitary and alone,
I set this ball in motion!” For this exclama
tion, and for his vote on that occasion, the vials
i of Federal wrath were poured out upon his de
■ voted head. He was denounced by the leaders
I and organs of that party os a “bold, bad man,”
an unscrupulous demagogue, a very Catalina,
and as one at whom every honest man should
point the finger of scorn 1 Every obnoxious
epithet which federal malignity could think of
was applied to him, and then, ns now, the aid
of the Almighty was invoked to crush the in
strument and thwart the measures of tlio De
mocratic party! Hisname, ns well as the names
of his Democratic colleagues, were conspicuous
ly paraded in the columns of most of the federal
journals, on what they called the “Roll of In
famy,” and thus for weeks and months, enclos
ed in a block typographical frame, were they
held up to the scorn and indignation of their
countrymen. The poisoned arrows of the Fed
eralists, however, were at that lime powerless
for harm, and the Republican party, although
j false, timid apd luke-warm friends deserted it
i in shoals, having passed through the fiery ordeal
in safety, came out of that fierce and bitter con
test with renewed strength and brighter hopes,
and has, time and again, triumphed over Us
ancient and hydra-headed enemy.
At the present time, there is raging in our*
country a contest which, for bitterness of feel
ing and opposition to popular sovereignty on the
part of the federalists and their allies, is not un
like that which agitated the country twenty
years ago. It is a contest which has aroused
and brought out the worst and most vindictive
feelings of old Federalism, feelings which many
simple-minded people had thought long since
dead and buried in oblivion. The Kansas-Nc
braska Territorial Bill merely proposes to guar
antee to the people of those Territories the power
of forming their own Constitutions and enact
ing their own laws—in a word, the right of self
government, a right which the people of every
State In the Union enjoy. But what position
does Mr. Bektok occupy at the present time I
Again are the federal papers publishing in their
columns a Roll of Infamy, on which is inscribed
the name of every Democratic member of Con
gress who, with manly fearlessness, favors the
passage of the Nebraska bill. The name of
Thomas 11. Bextox, however, does not appear
on this list. Oh.no. This “ illustrious wan
derer,” having in a moment of pique, for some
imaginary slight or wrong, renounced his prin
ciples and turned his back upon his former po
litical friends, is now content to serve in the
ranks of his ancient enemies and traducers, and
to follow in the wake of such men as Seward,
Giddings and Greeley. As a statesman, he has
indeed fallen, and he who once enjoyed so proud
and elevated a position in the Democratic party,
will only be remembered that his fate may servo
as a bcacon-light to warn others to shun the
rock upon which he split. He is now “solitary
and alone,” shunned by his former political
brethren, and looked upon with coldness and
suspicion by his present allies, friends they can
not bo. It is melancholy to contemplate the
fate of a- man who has fallen from so great a
height, but “vaulting ambition doth o’er leap
itself," and there are men who would rather
rule in hell than serve in heaven.”
While the democratic Volunteer is denouncing
Ucn’l. Jackson’s old friend and champion, tho
whig Herald of tho same week is publishlngwith
approbation ono of his greatest speeches.—Car
lisle Herald.
And this veiy circumstance goes to prove that
Mr. Benton has become recreant to the princi
ples he advocated in former years. So long as
he remained true to Democratic men and mea
sures, his speeches could not bo found in the
columns of Whig journals, but now, when be
repudiates the principles he so long and so ably
upheld and defended, his speeches arc published
at length and himself eulogised by Whig edi
tors. When Mr. Bisnton was “Gen. Jackson’s
old friend," he was as much abused as he is now
lauded by the opposition press of the country.
Wo repeat, then, this circumstance furnishes
conclusive proof that “ Old Bullion” has be
trayed the cause he so long espoused.
Onr Representative in Congress.
It is to us a source of pride and gratification
to observe the consistent and truly Dcmoratic
course pursued by the Representative in Con
gress from this district, Hon. Wu. 11. Kurtz.
Elected as a democrat, bo has fully and justly 1
fulfilled the expectations of the party which 1 (
elected him, and has given to the administration :
of a zealous and cordial sup- I
port. Thus far, during the pendency of the I
Nebraska Territorial bill, ho boa uniformly act-1
ed and voted with the friends of that measure, 1
and ho will ultimately record his vote in favor |
of the final passage of that bill, containing os
it docs an acknowledgment of that truly demo-1
cratic principle—the right of self-government.
, We are proud, also, to see his name BfiGftncd
. forth to the world in the columns of the fanati
. cal Whig and Abolition papers, on their Roll of
• Infamy, as they term it, but which the people
1 mil regard as the Roll of Honor. It shows that
c Mr. Kurtz has been true to his party, true to
his constituents, and true to his country.
Although we expected no less from Mr. Kurtz
than a strict adherence to the principles and
measures of the Democratic Party, it is never
theless gratifying to his numerous friends to
know, that while a few men, elected as Demo
crats, have been frightened from their propriety
by the clamors of noisy abolitionists, he has re
mained faithful to his party and its principles,
lie has won for himself the increased confidence
and admiration of his constituents, and when bo
returns among them, they will receive him with
the loud and hearty exclamation, “ Well done,
good and faithful servant!”
Prating Traitors.—The New York Whigs
and Abolitionists propose a day of fasting and
prayer, in view of what they term "the political
evil which now threatens the notion.” That
same class of traitors during the war of 1812,
held days of fasting and prayer for the,success
of the British army over our gallant country
men. But wo have never heard their prayers
were of any avail.
■ \SZ/~ Mr, Evbubtt, of Mass., has resigned his
place as Senator. We hope no worse man nay
be put in his place.
GOV. BIGLER’S VETO.
Wo publish in another part of to-day’s pa
per, a Message from Gov. Bigler, in which he ;
vetoes the bill consolidating into one the se
veral suits against the Pennsylvania Railroad,
and the Pennsylvania and Ohio Railroad Com- -
panics, for violating the small note law, which
was passed at the end of the last session of the
Legislature. How any set of Pennsylvania le
gislators could pass such a law, it is difficult to
imagine, and upon what principlo corporrtb'oa.s
were licensed to violate the provisions of the
small note law, cannot well bo explained. Al
though the act could not have become a law till
next* January, when the Legislature holds its
next session, we think the Governor;]fas right in
his prompt rejection of the unreasonable bounty
offered by the act. His views arc sound, his
foots arc indisputable, his reasoning clear and
convincing. The message is manly and digni
fied, plain and intelligible to every one, and will
• elicit universal commendation. - Wc consider
i this veto one of the most creditable acts of his
• administration. The reasons given in the mes
-1 sage arc conclusive evidence of the justice of the
• action of the Executive, and to them we invite
■ the attention of the reader.
If overgrown corporations can violate the law
with impunity, and escape its infraction by a
kind oflegislative pardon, while'll is to be con
sidered active and in full force against the pri
vate citizen, it would be exceedingly unfair and
oppressive in its operation.
Wc have no doubt of the propriety of the
law itself forbidding the circulation of small
notes of other States in our midst, as it has long
been the policy of Pennsylvania to prevent her
own banks from issuing notes under the deno
mination of five dollars. If such foreign notes
Can be circulated with impunity, regardless of
the penalties inflicted to exclude them, our cur
rency would soon become vitiated and worthless,
land gold and silver be driven to the vaults of
the banks and made an article of merchandize,
of trade and traffic and barter among brokers
and money changers, instead of n circulating
medium for the convenience and safety of the
people.
The act vetoed was intended to relieve the
companies named from the penalties consequent
upon the violation of the law in question, while
the law itself was to remain in full force upon
the statute book. Such legislation would be
unequal and unfair, giving immunities from its
violation to corporate bodies, while it would be
binding upon every citizen. In connection with
this subject, it has been a mystery to us how
the persons who enforced the penalties against
these railroad companies, could be indicted and
convicted of a conspiracy, as lias Wen done by
the Court and Jury’ of Allegheny county, for
doing what the act of Assembly enjoins. It
augurs a lack of moral sentiment in the citi
zens of that county, that is to be easily intlu
cnccd by the clamor of those interested in main
taining a great public abuse and in doing what
would and ought to be considered n public nu:
sauce in every portion of the Commonwealth,
We remember to have seen in the report of our
legislative proceedings in 1851, the presentment
of a Grand Jury of Warren county being sub
mitted to the House of Representatives, declar
ing the small note law itself a public nuisance.
This was turning the tables with a vengeance
for the custodians of the public morals, aud
those who ore especially enjoined by the act to
take notice of its violations' : (o turn roundjnnd
I not only justify its being trampled under foot,
but also to present the law itself as the proper
object to be arraigned* We think the Grand
Jury, Court, and Traverse Jury in Allegheny
county must have been taking lessons from this
Warren county Inquest, when they not only
presented a true bill, but actually convicted for
a conspiracy those who attempted to enforce the
provisions of a wholesome subsisting act of As
sembly. We are glad to learn, that although
these companies have succeeded in punishing
those who enforced the law against them, they
arc still likely themselves to suffer the fruits of
their disregard of all law, and defiance of the
sovereign power of the State. This veto will
have a salutary effect upon the public mind, and
in inducing a more strict compliance with the
statute relating to the circulation of smalt notes. :
It is time, with an abundance of the precious
metals, that our currency should be purified, and
the provisions of the Constitution framed by
“ hord money” men be sacredly observed. We
hope to see not only foreign notes under the de
nomination of five dollars, but also the notes of
the banks of other States and our own, of a much
higher denomination excluded from circulation,
and eagles, double eagles, and twenty dollar
gold pieces used by the people in their stead.
Pennsylvania Legislature-Senatorial Changes,
The terms of the following Senators expire
the present year, and will have (ho vacancies
filled at the next election i
William A. Orabb, (TF.) Philadelphia City.
Samuel G. Hamilton, {N. A.,) Philadelphia
county.
Henry S. Evans, (TK.,) Chester & Delaware, 1
Edward 0. Darlington, (1K.,) Lancaster.
Ezaias Kinscr, (JK.) do.
John 0. Kunkcl, (IK.) Dauphin.
E. W. Hamlin, ( D .) Wayne, Pike, &c.
Maxwell McCaslin, (D.,) Washington and
Green.
H. B. Barnes, (1K.,) Somerset and Bedford.
EU Slitcr, (H r .) Union, Juniata and Mifflin.
John McFarland, (D.,) Westmoreland and
Fayette.
Thus it will bo seen that three Democrats and
eight Whigs or Opposition men, will retire from
the Senate. While wc are certain of re-electing
our candidates in the three democratic districts,
ills also certain that democratic Senators will
bo returned from the districts now represented
by Messrs. Hamilton and Sllfcr. This will give
the Democratic party a strong preponderance in
the Senate.
You Shall Have Light.— The Harrisburg
Union says, “Let not the Whigs and abolition
ists imagine that they are not to bo met, in this
contest, on every point, State and National.—
Our candidate for Governor is no skulking cow
ard, afraid to meet just responsibilities. Ho is
alike distinguished for his ability and his energy
of character; and if it shall become necessary,
they will not only find him battling openly for
the old doctrines of the porty ngolnst Wbiggory
and faction pf every kind, but they will likewise
find the weight of his talodt and influence ex
erted in favor of the principle of non-interven
tion by Congress, and the sovereign right of the
people in the territories, os ardently and effi
ciently as in 1851, add wfl doubt Hot with' equal
success.”
KEBBASRA,
The St. Louis News says; We noticed in our
streets last Monday, a cavalcade of six wagons,
filled with movers on their way westward. Al
together there were about fifty persons—enough
,to make a “rightsmart chunky of a settlement.
To pur question, whither they were bound, the
answer Was “Nebraska.” The most of them
were from Indiana, one or two families being
fromKontucky. Thcsomcpaper.innoticingthis,
adds the following comments:
“Thus while the politicians at Washington
rant and rave about abstractions, in regard to
the territories, the people are fast settling the
question for themselves. The emigrant’s axe
will cut into thoknot which it bothers the brains
of tho politicians to untie. Gentlemen in Con
gress! you'forget that this is a fast age, in
which too little talking and too much work can-,
not be done. If you don’t dispose of the ques
tion, Nebraska will be thundering at the doors
of Congress, demanding to bo admitted into the
Union, even without a wedding garment.”
All this is true, says tho Philadelphia Eve
ning Argus, and yet the Whigs and Abolition
ists in Congress are acting upon tho advice of
the New York Tribune to “fioo the Capitol in
flames” beforethesehardy pioneers from Indiana
and Kentucky shall have a voice in forming the
laws for this new territory, soon to bo a State.
They are good enough, in the language of the
Whigs and Abolitionists, to fell tho trees, and
build tho log cabins, and make the whole land
fruitful with their labor, but they must leave
the laws to bo framed by the General Govern
ment, at Washington. In a word, the nnti-
Nebraskadootrincis, that they should be slaves,
not freemen. This is what the minority in Con
gress, is contending for, even to tho verge of a
revolution. Every man who votes against the
territorial bill for Nebraska, knows that slav-
cry can never be established there any more
than i* could be in Maine or Connecticut. It
is from the North and the East, and the Cities
of the old world that the fields of Nebraska are
to receive their tillers, and yet so inexorable is
the hatred of the Whigs and Abolitionists to
those men having a right to frame their own
laws, that they will take hold of any pretext to
defeat a bill for granting them that Democratic
right. But as well might they attempt to stay
the waves of the ocean. The greatDcmocrotic,
American heart of the country is with the ma
jority in Congress, and they will succeed over
these traitors to Qod, Patriotism and the Coun
try.
The Condition of the Banks. —Some years
ago, during the warm agitation of the Bank
question, Congress adopted a resolution requir
ing the Secretary of the Treasury to make an
annual statement of the condition of all the
Banks throughout the country, a requirement
which has since been faithfully fulfilled by all
Democratic administrations, but frequently ne
glected when the Whigs were in power. Sec
retary Guttirtf. has recently sent such a state
ment to Congress, from which it appears that
on the Ist of January last, the total circulation
was $240,000,000, and of deposites $180,000,-
000. The Banks return $50,000,000 in specie
and several millions under the head of “specie
funds.” The total circulation in January, 1837,
when dicinflation of that period was atits height,
was $160,000,000.
A New African Republic—. The late advi
ces from the Cape of Good Hope announce the
organization of a new Republic. England has
withdrawn her control over the Orange River
Sovereignty, and a provisional government has
becn cstablished by the inhabitants. The as
sembly of the people which formed this govern
ment odopted a document which says that,
while other nations sacrificed years of struggle
and torrents of blood to get independence, they
have obtained it through the magnanimity of
her Britannic Majesty, "until yesterday our
respected Queen.” The new republic, though
small in population, has an immense extent of
territory.
'The Erie Rioters.—Wc learn from the Erie
papers that Messrs. Killpatrick, Shcrwin and
Jack, appeared before the District Court at
Pittsburgh last Week, and after a brief hearing,
were given to understand that the prosecution
against them would be withdrawn if they would
pay the costs already incurred. This they de
clined to do. They were then required toenter
into recognizance for their appcaroncc at an
other term. This also they refused. They
were finally permitted by the Marshal to return
unconditionally, as if their prosecutors were
glad to rid themselves of further trouble by any
means.
Kentucky Morals and Justice. —The Ken
tucky papers, by their contentions about the
Ward verdict, are unintentionally giving ajoint
summary of facts which would seem to indicate
that the course pursued by the Jury in that
case was nothing new under a Kentucky sun.
The Louisville Courier says that no less than
fourteen murders have been committed in Fay
ette, and not one murderer bos been punished,
and that a large number of murders have been
1 committed in the Frankfort district, and not
one murderer has been punished. To this the
Louisville Courier adds that the number of
those in Louisville and Jefferson who have es
caped conviction is far greater.
Terrible Explosion and Loss op Life—
A distressing and frightful accident occurred on
Monday, about 1 o’clock, at the Black Heath
coal mines, in Chesterfield county, (Va.) about
twelve miles from Richmond, which resulted in
the instant death of twenty-two white laborers
engaged at work in the mines. The explosion
was occasioned by the igniting of the gas which 1
usually exists in coal pits. There were twenty
three men in the mines at the time, only one of
whom was taken out alive, and hois dreadfully
burnt and bruised. Four mules employed in
the pit were also killed. The mines are owned
and worked by an English company. The pit
is 625 feet deep, and explosions have occurred
in it two or three times before.
SsnvßD Him Right.—ThoNcw Qrlcans Delia
tells of a man in that city who, being about to
enter upon a doubtful speculation, sold all his
property and deposited the proceeds to his \vlfo’s
credit, so as to bo beyond the reach of hls’crcd
itors in the event of failure. The lady, finding
herself the sudden possessor of so much wealth,
ran off to Havana with a good-looking male
friend ; ns for the husband —why, “bo was left
lamenting.”
[£7"A society of “Owe Nothings" was pro-
posed some time since, but the project has been
abandoned. ‘Newspaper publishers wore very
zealous in tbeirendeavots to establish such so
cieties—for selfish ends, cfitircly—but public
sentiment has put them down.
THE NEWS HI THE EUROPA.
The news by the Europa is interesting. The
Turks on the Danube, says the Philadelphia
Ledger , have taken advantage of the extension
of the Russian line of communication caused by
tho position they occupy on the Dobrudscha,
and made an attack upon Gen. Luders, who ap
pears tohavo bcen advancing uponSilistria, to
aid the operations against that place from the
left bank of from which tho Rus
sian batteries assail it. This is the first move
ment displaying any great military skill which
the Turkish commandcr-in-chicf has as yet
displayed. Ho brought a strong force of 70,-
000 men against the Russians, who arc therein
force only 50,000 strong, and the consequence
was ho beat the Russians back. It is reported
that Princo Poskiewitch has ordered the Rus
sians not to advance further into the Dobrud
scha, but this probably is for tho purpose of
concentrating his forces against Siliskrin. It
was at Silifltria and Shumla the most gallant
stands were made by the Turks in the war of
1829. The former withstood a siege of nine
months, during which a garrison of ten thou
sand resisted a besieging force of thirty thou
sand. The Turkish attempt to silence the bat-
terica on the left bank of the Danube was un
successful. The Greek insurgents have been
very badly beaten by the Turks, which may
tend to quiet the trouble in that quarter.
There is one item of intelligence which bad
produced great excitement in England. The
American clipper Grape Shot, whose mysterious
movements a few months ago excited so much
comment, having loft New York with a large
amount of George Law’s muskets and other
munitions of war on board, supposed on some
flllibusteringorothcrexpedition of novory credi
table character, has been distingulsbinghersclf,
if the reports in the English papers are true, as
a privateer in the service of the Emperor of Rus
sia, and captured a French vessel off Spilhcad,
directly in the British channel. This event,
directly under tho noses of the allied powers,
has produced a strong feeling of indignation,
and the sailing qualities of the clipper will be
put to the test to escape the steamers in pur
suit of her. The fact that theEnipcrorof Rus
sia intends to resort to the privateer system ns
one of the means of offence against his enemies,
will necessarily create much uneasiness in com
mercial circles in England and Franco, who have
so much property at sea for such cruisers to
depredate upon.
ARCIVH OF HIE FIIHRLIN.
New York, May 22.
The steamer Franklin arrived here at noon to
day, with four days later advices from Europe.
She brings Liverpool dates to May 10th.
The political advices by this arrival are quite
important, but affairs in the Fast exhibit no
specially new aspects. All was war like, with
out any decisive battles.
It is staled that Sweden and Denmark have
bothjomcd the Western Powers. This, how
ever, wants further conlirmation, though it
comes pretty well authenticated.
It is said that Austria has olltrcd to Prussia
ntw terms, which if refused Austria will unite
her destinies with England and France.
Lord Elgin has been charged with a special
mission to the United States. He was preparing
to depart for Washington immediately. The
object of his mission is not known, but sup
posed to have reference to the difficulties with
Cuba.
Theßusalan fleetwas to have sailed fromllel
singforc on the 6th of Way, when Sir Charles
Napier signalled the allied fleets to prepare im
mediately for sea*
Franco and England were continuing with
great vigor their war-preparations.'
The Greek diflicultics had nearly subsided.
The general aspect of affairs at the scat of
war, and on the Danube had changed but little.
There are now strong hones that the long
missing Steamer, City of Glasgow, has been
heard from and that she may yet be safe with
all on board. A despatch 'from Cork to the
Messrs. Richardsons, stales that on the 27th
April, a large Steamship, answering in all re
spects to the appearance of the City of Glas
gow, was seen steering for the Azores a distance
of some fourhundred miles therefrom. She was
1 a large Steamer, and altogether like the Citv of
Glasgow. There were strong hopes it was ner.
The Rights of NcqUqlr.
The Speaker of the House of Representatives,
at Washington, recently, says the Philadelphia
Argus, laid before that body a message from the
President of the United States, communicating,
in compliance with the resolution adopted on
the Ist inst., copies of the correspondence which
has passed between this government and foreign
governments upon the subject of the fights ac
corded, by declaration or otherwise, to neutrals,
and the rights claimed by belligerents in the
war pending between certain European powers.
To the letters of the English and French Am
bassadors at Washington, communicating the
intention of their government for the present
not to authorize the issue of letters of marque,
and also to respect the rights of neutrals, Mr.
Marcy responds, expressing the gratification of
the American government thereat, but regret
ting that the recognition of neutral rights was
not made permanently instead of temporarily.
Mr. Marcy adds, by direction of the President,
that the United States, while claiming the full
enjoyment of their rights as a neutral power,
. will observe the strictest neutrality towards
each and all the belligerents.
The Thirty-Second State.—A bill has been
introduced into Congress, providing for the ad
mission of Oregon into the Union, as a State;
and the Legislature of Oregon aro taking the
preliminary steps for calling a convention to
form a Constitution. In the year 1850, Oregon
will probably bo the thirty-second State of the
Union. Its population already exceeds forty
thousand and the emigration to it is likely to
bo very largo this year. Accounts from the
territory represent the people ns prospering ;
valuable gold mines and other minerals arc dis
covered. As a farming region it is unsurpass
ed by- any of the old States, even rivaling in
wealth her southern neighbor, California. In
1860, thopopulation of Oregon was only 13,20*1.
It is now over 40,000. In two years it will
contains sufllcicntnumberofinhabitants, doubt
less, to entitle it to admission as a State.
Pouoamt. —A lady in Utah, a wife of oncof
tho Mormon leaders, writes to her sister In New
Hampshire, a long letter, defending polygamy
by tho example of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob,
and tho holy men mentioned in tho Bible. She
says her husband, who is a member of tho Legis
lative Council, has seven other wives, which is
a moderate number for a leader of tho faith, ns
Higdon, the high priest of Mormonism, it is
reported, has thirty-six. The children of these
eight wives number twenty-live.
inT* Tho citizens of Charobersburg, Pa., have
voted in’ favor of tho town subscribing slo,ooo'
to establish Water Works.
BOBODOH OF CARLISLE AND ITS WANTS;
It is with pleasure we give place to. tho sub I .'
joined communication, agreeing, as it does, with
our own views and I’cclingß. It is from the peri
of a gentleman who has travelled much in dif
ferent parts of the country, and who, both fronf
experience and observation, can speak knowing*
: ly on the subject which he treats of. Ho
himself a property holder,[and wo feel convin&f
ed that he has thb true Interests and prosperity
of the borough much at heart. .Wo ask forhte
communication tho careful attcntion of the «£-*
der, believing that it mhst edrry .conviction ttf
ever} 1 - candid mind;
Ain. Editor s — l have read, with great plea
sure, your article (In tho Volunteer of May 11 •>
headed “Our Borough.” You never said a
truer or more timely word than, that tho “canit
ulists and property holders of this place arc not
possessed of sufficient taste, liberality and en
terprise.” Had these qualities been displayed
for the Inst twenty years by those upon whord
tho chief responsibility in this matter rests the
borough ol Carlisle might have been one of the
fairest and most attractive of country towns In
stead of being—wbat wo see it. ’
Perhaps the chief lack Is the sense Of “fcsboir
sibllity” itself. Men of property are too apt to
think that if they discharge the ordinary duties
of life as good citizens, keep thelrreputation up
in the “money market,” find add all they can to
their stores, they do their whole duty. This is
a great mistoke. The man of wealth owes bqtqq-
to tho society In which ho lives, which
prelects him in tho enjoyment of his means and
gives him constant opportunities to enlarge them.
It is his duly to nso his property for the good of
others ns well ns for his own advantage. And
besides, a larger view of things shows clearly
that his o\vn advantage is host consulted by lib
era! outlays for public and private improvements. #
In tliis country every cent expended in improv
ing roads, in beautifying dwellings, in laying out
gardens, in opuuing channels of labour and of
business for tho poorer classes, Is sure to come
back again witli usury. There aro some towns
in Pennsylvania in which capitalists have found
this out} but Rip Van‘Winkle is yet asleep in
Carlisle.
Yet he shows some signs of waking* The
Water Works are advancing—slowly- enough it
Is true, but perhaps surely}—the Gas Works ova
to come some time or other*, and it is to be
hoped that at the first (lash of our bright stfest*
lamps (that are to be) many an old fogy will ttib
his eyes and stretch himself out of his long re
pose, to take part in tbe new day of prosperity
for Carlisle.
Your article indicated one of (lie most press
ing needs of the town. A first-class Hotel, well
built, well furnished, and well kept, would bo
ns sure of success hero ns in Iho city of New
York. I have boon asked over and overngnin
by persons abroad what accommodations fho
town afforded for summer visitors, and I have
never had the consclcnco to encourage Ihcfr
coming. The difficulty of finding comfortable
lodgings, even, is very great at the time of tho
anmml College Commencements. On that occa
sion many of the best citizens of Baltimore,
Philadelphia and other places would be here if*
there was accommodation for them 5 and if the
transient visit was made as pleasant and agree
able to them as It might be, it would extend
ithelf into a stay of weeks. As it is, those who
come once arc not very apt to come again, un
less their duty as Trustees of the College, or as
parents of the students, makes it absolutely
necessary.
I should be glad, with your permission, to
write a few short papers for your columns on
other wants of the town and the best mode of
supplying them. Yours, *
Carlisle, May 25, 1854. Cumberland.
Cattle for California. —The Van Buren
Ark.) fnfc/ligcnccr says 1
Largo parties of California cattle drovers havo
been leaving our vicinity during the post week,.
while several largo herds are still being collect
ed for the sumo destination, to, leave during the
week. Wo suppose from a rough calculation,
that over three thousand head of cattle will have'
been driven from the counties of Crawford, Se
bastian and Scott, by the time the last drove
leaves this season. Wo learn that largo droves
are also being sent from other frontier counties,
and the Cberokeo nation. €apt. Deckla,. at
Port Gibson, will leave with about I,BUO head.
The Lexington (Mo.) Express says that 8,200
head of live stock ore now In that and adjoining
counties, to bo driven to California, and waiting
for fho grass to grow.
I desire that the friends of freedom know
no party in the selection of their members next
fall—let hards, barnburners, whlgs, freemen of
all political parties stop forward, In solid col
umn, to the polls, and return their tried and
faithful representatives to the next Congress.—
N. V.'Pojf, Free Soil correspondent.
It Is understood’ that tho Free Seilers, Whigs,
&c., who oppose tho Nebraska bill, will unite to
sustain the recreant Democratic members of Con
gress for re-election. Of Course they will—says
tho Boston Pott —Democratic deserters arc al-
ways made Whig captains, as Bell and While,
of Tennessee, Wickliffo, of Kentucky,Tallnuulgo
of New York, McDufllo, of South Carolina, ami
a host of others, were in Jackson’s day, and as
Halo and Tuck were in New Hampshire at a
more recent date, and as their imitator* will bo
now*. But there Isa mighty low, dark, deep,
political gulph beneath them, and into which they
are ns sure to lodge, finally, as scorn is to fellow
(reason. —Philadelphia JJrgut,
The Tobacco Crop. —An Old and respectable
tobacco planter of Albemarle county informed
us yesterday, that tho crop of Albemarle and ad
joining counties, the present season, must neccs
sarly bo a very short one, in consequence of the
general scarcity of plants. Tho fVost destroyed
tho first crop of plants, tho fly tho second, and
tho third sowing will come too lato to allow a
hope ofplantlnu in time to make more than a
partial crop. This complaint is very general In
Virginia. IVo have recently had similar state
ments from many of tho counties in tho great to
bacco-growlng districts south of the James Riv
er.—Richmond Enquirer-
Awful PisiaircTiOH of Life—TwKKTY-Timß*
Persons bulled.— An explosion occured yes
terday about 1 o’clock, at tho Black Heth Coal
Pits, on the lino of the Richmond and DanviUlo
Railroad, In Chesterfield county, about 12 miles
flrom this city, by which twenty-three whlto men
and four mules wore Instantly killed. When
tlip oars passed there about 4 o’clock, a largo
number of persons had collected, at the sceno of
tho dreadfhl occurrence, amongst them a num
ber of those who had lost'hushands and fathers,
and all of their earthly dependence. The scene
has booh described to us as ol a most heart
rending character. Out of tho whole number
down in tho mine at tho time of tho excision, only
one man, wo learn, escaped with tils life.—
Richmond Enquirer, Kith,
Iloaniur-B Ruuon. —A rumor renheod tho eftv
yesterday that a matricide had boon conunited
by a man named Jones, aged forty years, in
Franldln township, about six miles from Per
rysville, on last Thursday. His mother is said
to ho almost 80 years of ago, and it is rumored
that ho inflicted a great number of wounds. Ho
has barricaded bis house, and stands sentry with
a loaded musket to keep himself out of k tho
hands of Justice. Wo understand Mayor Adams
and one or two ol’his police, started to tho scene
of tho murder yesterday afternoon, and they
will probably secure him. —Pittsburg Gazelle,
10M. 1 ,
Smith O’Brien not Pardoned.-t-THo editor
of tho Savannah Courier was informed by T*
Meagher, Esq., during tho recent visit of that
gentleman to Savannah, that tho general Im
pression In this country, that Smith O’Brien has
received his pardon is unfounded*..,Tho decla
ration oi Lord Palmerston in tho liotUo of Com
mons appears only n common State trick, re
sorted to at a critical period, when It was desir
able to control tho Irish. Instead of being
unconditionally sot‘at liberty, a pardon is o«e r '
od in doing so, ho Will" sign paper 4
Ike justice of hit sentence Noltnor ( 'of which ho
would ovbc consent to do.
Hard. Worm to Gbta Jtmv.—Tho second
trial of Montague, for murder, was commences
atrPolorsburg, Va., on Thursday; Tho whom
vbhiro was exhausted without obtaining a N B £ iB
Juror, all having ezreiscd an opinion^