Amniam 131 lUiluutccr. by JOHN B. BRATTON. VOL. -34. THE AMERICAN VOLUNTEER, (. published every Thursday, at Carlisle, Pa., by JOUty B nKATI'ON, upon the following conditions, which will be jlgidly adhered to* TERMS or BODSCfttPTIOK. forone yoar.in odoance, . , . . . .|S 00 for#)* months, V. B. PALMER. Esq. is our authorized Agent for pro 'i nß advertisements.receiving subscriptions and making collections for Ibe American Volunteer, at hi office, N. W. corner of Tnlrd and Chesaut streets, Philadelphia. Kzxrs Independent.—A recent letter from Gener al Taylor to a Committee in Alabama, who had ad dressed him on the subject oflhe Presidency, has the following emphatic sentence;’ ••I shall offer no active opposition to the use of my name in connexion with this responsible office, as long as they continue to use it thus independent of parly distinctions.*’ A Good Sentiment.— When the French ministry fled, ono M. Herbert, was rccognixed by a groug of citizens, but he got through the. crowd without Vny Injury.. “ Let him go,” said a young advocate of the people —“ the higher the people rise, the more they respect.their fallen enemies.” . People who entertain each noble sentiments. exhibit the best proof that (hey are prepared for governing Ihcmselves/and able (it do SO. fljThe Ohio Statesman.very'happilyrcmsrVsj M Guizot, the deposed minister of the dethroned King, is the some Guizot ‘that graviUpifiwjrted, a year or two since, that it was necessjtj&r the great powers of Europe to hold the “balance of power” on the American continent. In losing ** power,” he may thank his stars that he did not lose his own “balance” by losing his head. Alcohol prom Tomatoes.— At Norfolk & company has been formed to distil alcohol from tomatoes* The plan has been tested/ It docs not follow that because a gentleman is e member ofCongrcss be is necessarily s-jptn of rare acquirements and extensive information. . Phil*. Timet.. That's s fact. The memborftorfTlhi* district, (Cumberland, Perry itnd Franklin,) Is it ease In point. On* ur Til* B*aori*a or AaierocaAov.— lt has loan aaoctlained by careful elparimcnlin England, Hint tbrea rabbita, properly culled Inndlord’a vermin, conaumo aa much food aa one aheap. On one. firm a tenant teatified that bia landlord'a game bad injur ed him'fdOO., The rabbita alone injured bia turnip crop the half of that anm. On thla farm the tenant waa forbidden to mow bia winter corn, the wheal and rye, but wo* mulcted to reap it, ao aa to have a high atubbio to protect the game. And liiia ia but a aampie from the .nek of ilia the farmer* auffer from game damage in England. Wnio Platform. —Near the clone of Mr. Corwin's afternoon • perch, aaya the Hartford rTimea, ho laid down the Whig programme for the actlleinenl of our diOicultlca with Mexico. It waa a plan wortliyoniy of a traitor. Our govcrnmcnt,.eaid hc,ahould witli draw its armies from Mexico—otv* or New Mexi co and California, oak pardon of Mexico for the wrong* wo have done her, and then wo altall oecu a position from whicli wb can atari anew, in a jnal and honorable inlercourao with the world. Nsw Yon* Fauna*!. LeoiBl*tivs Caucus.—Tho Federal membero of the Legislature of Now York, pnared, on the Slh inot., tho following readlulion ex preasivo of their view* as to tho nominee of the Fed oral National Convention, by a nearly unanimous vole; , Resolved, That in selecting Delegate* to tho No. tionni Convention, wo feci'it a right and duty to eiprcas it aa our opinion that HENRY CLAY ia the Ml choice of the Whtge of New York, and that they cun giro and will give to hiin t or to any olhtr rtliublr IfAig who may bo nominated by thatConvunlion lor tho Presidency, the 36 Elcolorol voles of tills State. (Q'Tlio John Donkey says Ihot formerly lha soil, of the French King wm spoil “throne,”--but since I tho article was pitched out of the Tuillerlcs* window* II Is written “thrown. 11 , . , 03*Tlio Roeftestsr Democrat telle of a man, who cimo to market to disposb of tits cattlei which natu- Tilly led to conversation on tho very common theme tif“hard limes,** « Yci," sold the cattle dealer, *t(Ui in air of peevishness. M times are hard, and this h a hard world—and in .my opinion,very few will feet out of it ali»«. n Books.— Dow, jr., of tho N. Y. Sunday Mercury, Mjsinany good things. In.apesklngofbooks,lnone of his receoent-sermons, ho says—“ As bees gather honey from flowers,,so may you extract tho sweets of knowledge from books—sweela that shall afford both solace and sustonAnco to the soul in the Winter •f age, when tho friends of former days are few—- *hen\ho fires of youthful love aro extinguished; and life’s greasy candle Is about to sputter in the socket. From books you can gather treasures of whicli none can rob you; and then you may well Aay with the “i’recioua treasure, thou art mine/" CO* There it much trulli in Iho following word* in 6oe of Mr. Alien's ojoquont addresses to Iho Senate i “One groat truth has been established within tbo ait forty day*; and I prdnounco.il on 9 of Iho most Important truths which has been politically establish* since the foundation of society! and It is this: that irnied men no longer afford u guaranty to -despotism. “Uiuling armies can no longer ho icllodon to sustain nronei; but, on the contrary, mix and mingle with oppressed multitude, and etc the first to reduce [ lO,O thrones to ashes. That Is Iho groat truth of '■Re. It ban just boon established In Franco—* '•hbllehcd In the presence of a hundred thousand 4 y® t f e ls In tho pay of tho crown. there aro but two powers in Iho government of in now In operation—force and public opinion.— orco has failed in tho heart of Edropo, and tho go* lh»? n ' c - n ** ,ero must forever rest upon opinion, ond founded upon the enlightened reason of HpUtlcjrt. Fr6m the’-Democratic Union. ■ THE BANK VETO* ■ Wo InvUo the. attention of our readers to the sound and statesmanlike views of Governor Shank, contain ed in his yelo message returning to the Houses in which they originated, the four Bank .bills passed by the Legislature which-has juatndjourned. Bank re strictions has been an article in the Democratic creed several years past, but owing to a variety ofcou- I •es it has not been made os operative as it should have been. In 1845, something vitas gained on this Bubject by lliO- partial IndlviduaL Lability provision engrafted bn the charter of the Western. Bank of Philadelphia, and made (0 apply to all charters grant ed subsequently. The llmu has-arrived, however, when public sentiment demands still more stringent and operative restrictions; and. the Governor will receive (ho thanks of the Democracy of (ho State, for presenting the question to the public in such shape that the people will have q more full opportunity'of discussing the subject, and instructing those who arc hereafter to represent them in our legislative Halts, in regard to the'kind of guards and checks to be thrown qrbund all banks.that may hereafter receive charters front this Commonwealth. Certain restric tions are, specified in the message as necessary to bo engrafted, on Bank charters to insure the'signature ot the Executive. These restrictions are of so nnn sonablo a character that they coHainly roust meet the approbation of the groat mass of the people of this Commonwealth, and we trusts the Democracy may take such action on this subject, in their primary meetings throughout the Stale, as will induce their representatives to support them in good faith, We believe the people hare long been in advance oflhcir representatives on this subject, end we think we will be sustained in this belief by their action hereafter. Crude,undigested and impracticable provisions should root bo proposed, os they tiro only calculated to defeat the great objects which those desirous of effecting Bank reforms have at heart; but well matured, judU cions and salutary restrictions should bo adhered to, as of the most vital importance to the Democracy of the Slate and nation. GOVERNOR SKUNK'S BANK VETO. To the iSenale and House of Rrpreseniatives: Gentlemen:— The bill entitled “An act to extend tho charter of the Bank of Chambcrstrurg,” has been presented for my approval. - The charter of this bank will expiie by its own limitation on the first Wednesday of May, 1850, and (lie present bill proposes to. extend it for a further pe riod of ton years from that date. \ Tho bills to extend the.charters of the Farmers’ and Drovers* Bunk of Waynesburg, (be Columbia Bank and Bridge com pany, *and ihb Farmers 1 .'arid Mechanics* Bank.,of Philadelphia, are also, me.. The charters of these Institutions w*!).expire by. their limitations in May .and., November, I$4U, ami it .to ( c* T tend-each of thorn for ten years from’the tlmo. of their expiration. . .Tito'importance and responsibility. of giving or withholding my sanction to the renewal of the char ters of those institutions as well as others of a similar character, which may bo presented during the present session, has induced me to bestow upon the subject my most serious consideration. ' Th? great injuries which have been inflicted upon tho whole people, hut more especially upon tliyso who are entirely dependent upon their daily wages for the subsistence and.comforts ofthemselvcs and families, by the failure of banks-and the depreciation of bank paper, demand at the hands of those entrusted with the power of legislation on the subject, the utmost caution and deliberation, before they extend a system which has, In so many instances proved itself vicious and deceptive, sad ruinous to the laboring and pro* ducing portions of tho people. • In the annual message, presented to the General Assembly at the commencement of the present ses sion, I tbok the occasion to present the following views bn tho subject: “Nothing can contribute so much to Uio maintc nance of our present prosperity, as a sound currency. Pennsylvania is rich in Deductions of almost every description required by llic’wants of mankind; and nothing is necessary' to mtiko her people tho most indupcndeiil-in the world, but a proper regard fur her true interests. To odvanco these, she must not be seduced from her devotion to sound principles, by the artificial contrivances of false economists, whoso scl Hsli theories are as delusive as they aro destructive of the public good. “Tho present Is b most propitious period, when there is an abundance of gold and silver in the coun try, to moke a determined effort to increase its cir culation, and secure to tho people the currency which the framers of the Constitution of tho United Slates provided. Instead of creating now banks, or increasing the capital of old ones, our efforts should ho directed, to secure the solvency of those which nl - exist, and 'thereby render their circulation sound and reliable. “Impressed wit)) tho force of these considerations, 1 am convinced that the increase of the bunking capital of tho Suite, would bo unwise and and 1 respectfully recommend that before any one of the existing banks is rccharlorod,,a searching scru. liny be instituted into its. affairs, its management, its credit, and its meads; and If It bo Aland that the, notes huvo been suffered to deprecate that the ac commodations have boon bestowed upon favorites and hrgo speculators, and ‘ dealers ia> money, instead of being diffused among moderate and safe customers? that the issues .have at one periodencouraged specu lations by their excess, and at another oppressed honest industry by their, contraction; in short, that tho legitimate objects for which the privileges were granted, have not been 6y foir, faithful,‘and judicious management accomplished, then tho obarlet should, be suffered to. expire by its own limltoliqn. The dlscontinuoncc of such Institutions will promote the nubile good, and will bo hailed with approbation by all but those who have, for private gain, wrested them from the purfose for which they, wme, established. “This policy so just towards tho public, while it mtv lo a moderate extent, diminish tho present amount of bonking capital, will strengthen public confidence in tho other banks, and odd to the stnbili tv and sodndness of tho currency. And aa it may. alio, moraaa* lb* profil. of .Alallnff,banka, juat oomponaalion lo tho aWolioldtn for.tlioir in treatment?, and ne thiaoxcoaa of gain’ie derived (mm tho apodal privilege* conferred upon them by ibn Legielature.:! recommend, that tho lax impoaod by tho oolof tho Jet April, 1835, upon dividend, exceed log oix per cent per annum, bo increased. While llie inducement to exdeaalvo banking will bo rooaon ably oliookotl, by tho inoroaao of llila lax, the financeo of the Stale may bo, to aomo extent, improved, and the public welfare promoted. The policy indicated will lead to tho rigid execution of tho law, prohibiting the oiroulolion of foreign nolea, under ilia donomina tian of five dollars, oe soon oe tho balance of tho roltel laauea 1. oaneelieJ. Tbl. will hi a pnallivo advance in the Improvement of the currency, which should be then followed by a law prohibiting the circulation of all notes, below the denomination nf ten dollars. Tho channels of circulation will then bo flilcd with an abundance of gold and silver, tho public scoured ngAiust the chances of loss by broken brinks, oi>d » depredated currencyand tho wny will bq opened to such ftirlhor Improvements, as tho roablnlercsli on.d convenience of the pbdplo may demand; * > « Tho cautionary enactments I have finnot lyj io increase, rather than diminish, the ampuot of a sound circulating inodiqm. I "the public confidonco. The cflool will bMobrmgl bo specie of the country into active circulation lo | “our COUNTRY—MAY I£AL\VAYB DC RIGHT—-BUT RIGHT OA ; WRONG, OUR CdUNTRY.” CARLISLE, PA-, THURSDAY, 2O, 1848 furnish the people with a substantial currency, that .panpot bo impaired by bank failures, and to restrain the tendency of the banks to foster extravagance, in time of prosperity, and check the means of oppress ion in time of adversity. • . ,| “A theory has boon advanced and put. into prac-j lice, in some of the States, called free banking. It is based, in part, upon specie, end in part upon Slate stocks, hypothecated with the government! In other Words, banks become the, creditors of the Common* wealth,by purchasing her bonds; those are deposited with the government, and the government endorses | and. returns to the bankers, notes prepared Tor circu lalion to an equal amount. I can perceive no grounds for confidence in this system.. It must explode; in a country whore, it is adopted to any considerable ox lent, whenever a revulsion ocfclira to' test its stability, for It is a deviation from true principles. Sound and safb -banking can only be' based and conducted on money, gold a'nd silver. Neither individuals nor' bank can lend that which they have not; and If they < lend credit in the shape of bank notes,-without the ] means to redeem them in gold and silver, they com mit afraud upon the community, as they lend, and put ih circulation, that which is not money nor the 1 representative of - money.' . I "If this system of converting Slate stock into banking capital,and hypothecating it as : n security for the payment of bank issues, wbre hot a delusion, niortoges upon real estate, might be used for the sUme purpose, which would affordun equal, if not a bettor security, for the payment of thu notes, and by this process, the Whole value bfllie rcal esUtc of the J country, might bo converted info banking capital, I and (he •‘people into a nation of bankers.- ThU pro. ! position shows, that the whole scheme Is illusory and unsound. Free banking, in its legitimate sense, is I tlio right which every man enjoys fu lend his own money to whom he pleases. It Is the exchange of 1 money fot securities, to repay with interest. It in volves no fictitious increase of the ciiculation, but may be curried on toon indefinite extent without affecting thu currency. This is the free, banking, which has at all times supplied, and does nOw-suppty, the wants of a large proportion of borrowers, and commends itself la general confidence and approval by its simplicity and adaptation to the circumstances of the people.” In recommending “ihiiHScforc any one of the ex.- isling banks is rcchurlcred, a searching scrutiny be instituted into its affairs, its management, its credit and its means, and if it bo found that the notes have been suffered to depreciate, that the accommodations have been bestowed upon, favorite? and large specu lators anddoalera In money, instead ofboing diffused among moderate and safe customers—that the issues have at one period encouraged speculation by their excess, and at another oppressed honest ihdustry by their contrbclton>~in short, that the legitimate objects for which the privileges wore granted, have not been by . fair, faithful and judicious management accam* pushed, then the charter should be suffered to expire by its own limitation,” 1 intended that the investi gation should be rigid and thorough, and that the charters should not be renewed as u mere matter of course without examination,ns has generally been the case heretofore. The lime for the mysterious tfccrecy which has so long shrouded (he transactions of ban k* Ing institutions, has gone by. When they apply to the -Legislature for a: renewal of privileges, they should come with clean hands, and ought to be re quired to give the ‘most- satisfactory, evidence of Ihe character of their discounts, and tlifa natujq.npd value of aIL their assets, and of (heir faithfulness In the ex', ecullon of the trust confided iq them... .It is only by requiring such testimony, that a reliable.opinion can bo formed, ns to their solvency, and their title to per fect confidence. ... * - In retard to' the bill immediately before me, an well an (no other* referred to, *o far aslam informed, no such investigation ha* taken place, or indeed any other, beyond the 'examination of their quarterly statements, and the representations of those immedi atoly interested. These statements, it is well known, furnish little information, which can bo relied on, as satisfactory, in regard to tho solvency of the institu tions. It is only by a rigid inquiry Into the character of the notes and bills discounted, and of all the assets, that any valuable and practlool result can bo attained. In withholding my approbation from the bill under consideration, as well as (ho plhors to which I have referred, I do not mean to intimate (ho most remote suspicion in regard to their solvency' or management. So far os t know, they - arc os sound as any other banks In the Statu, and may have bcon as well con ducted. Indeed, some of thorn sustain ns fair a iep ulalion as any in the Stale, but the time has arrived when the public interests demand that no bank should be rechartered, without tho most thorough scrutiny into and management; and it was only on'conditlon of such nn investigation being first had, that 1 expressed a willingness to give my assent to tho ruchurtcr of any bank. In ci eating,or renewing institutions, which oro to furnish' tho circulating medium of the Stale, and which every man in bust ness is compelled,' from the habits and customs of the country* to receive as money, nothing should be taken for granted,or Juft in doubt, which issuccptlble ofsalisfuclory proof. By pursuing tho course indi cated, those institutions which aro unsound will be delected and exposed, and the communily may be protected against' fraud and imposition, while those that aro sound, and honestly conducted, will receive tho confidence they merit. As none of the charters of the institutions which arc now before mo for a renewal of their'privileges, will expire before the Ist of May, 1849,1 cannot perceive that they will suffer any malctlul detriment, I or that tho public interests con bo jeoparded by tho > postponement of their applications for another year. * I am tho more persuaded that this is tho true course from tho fact, that l ap fully satisfied there are ma ny valuable provisions'which ought to be engrafted upon ovory bank charter In the Stale, in order to pro tect tho interests of bona fide stockholders, and to secure the people IVoin a recurrence of the evils which ’ have heretofore resulted from the defects of the pro* sent system- Much has already , been,done. The principle of Individual liability , vyhlcb was for a long timo pertinaciously resisted, as destructive of the whole system, has been established! and is now re ceived with favor, not only by tho people at largo, but by many of the most enlightened bankers in the country. It is true, the application of the principle may not yet bo perfect, but that Us Introduction,oven in its modified form, will have a salutary influence, by. producing more caution and care on the part of stockholder* its rogard-to the management of llio banks* a* well a* by affording q bettor ultimata so ourioty to theif creditor*, will hot bo denied.. Having attained this point, it is our duty to pro gross with tho ndvancoofonUgliCenod public opinion, and to provide such other reasonable end wholesome restrictions, as Lho public interests require, and us Jhe public sentiment demands. Among tho furlh®* 1 restrictions which have occurred to mo as practicable and propor. arc the following: Ist. One restricting the amoQnt’of Issue* to a loss proportion to their capital. They are now general iy authorised to, Issue throe lime*.tho. amount of their capital. This is 100 much, end ought to bo re dueed. It is ’the main cause of those fatal expan sions, and contractions, which have heretofore proved so destructive to the best interests of the country. The amount of debts they are permitted to con tract, ought also (b bo reduced, so as to restrain their operations at all times within reasonable and Safe limits. Si 9d, The bonk* of the State ought all to bo roqwr* od to keep their notes at parln the oily of Philadoh phln. It Is the products of llio country which sre sent to tho eastern markets, that form tho legitimate bails of bank discounts In.tho. country and as the country, banks haVe the benefit of the Country circu lation, and the advantage of discounting the bills and drafts bp the eastern oitlei. wlioro they receive par funds in payment, it is asking but s small return for the fevora conferred upon thorn, that they should beep tholr'papof at par/ This would put an end te a system of brokerage and speculation, which Indirect ly robs the people of tho Interior of many, thousands of dollars, annually. « • 3d.'Banks , ought to bo treated as public mililu-, lion*, because they furnish the currency of the State, i anU effect the pecuniary interests of tho people more than any other institutions of tho country. Thedi- rectors ought t0.:bO; placed under oath} and sworn to Ay A ® HI N G TON»a I«AST VOTE* , t observe tho profrlatons of the charters, aHd any wif I. " m y incident in tho life of Washington is Hill of ful violation of them, ought to be made . perjury.— “Jloresl. That plain heroic magnitude of mind which Tiie whole proceedings of the banks should at all 1 him above all other men was evident times be open fo-'the inspection of any reasonable ! u I' l * “ctions. Patriotism, chastened by.sound number of the sldcksholders, to o committee, of the ipdg mcn t and careful thought, prompted all his pub- Legislature, and*to any officer of the State dulyau- C ftCla * ond wm Samples' for the study and thurized. i-\ ’ guidance of mankind.- It has been said that no one 4th. A follurjs to redeem theli* notes on demand, ih Can havo lh « goriest interview, with a. truly groat specie, ought, Ibllself, to bo an absolute forfeiture of msOitWithoul being made sensible of his superiority, their charlerf&oepl as to winding up their concerns* 9^°° many,.who haVcapme way earned the title of and for any adldone as a bonk after nueli failure.the B reat * lWi is b X no ,ncan * true. ? li applicability to fact ought to b* allowed lo be \t\iefr in'evidence as a tl,e character of Washington it verified in the follow-l 1 bar to ld rclation to any banking operation, i in * Interesting circumstance related by a correspond subsequent lb*uch failure. I eat of the Charlttton Courier; slh. Aftci*Ji lapse of a few years, they ought not to { “ I was present,*’ says; this correspondent, “ when be permitted tbiissuo paper of & denomination below Gen. Washington gave his last vote., h was in the ten dollars. ’ ’ t J spring of 1791), in the town of Alexandria. Ho died These are M»rao oFtho most prontinent provisions, which oughtf in my opinion, to bo engrafted on our banking system, and applied to every bank in the State f .and. Tjpppnot perceive any time so favorable for their adoption, as when the bunks are asking an extension ofTiicir charters. * • No extreme measures towards the banks, that ate calculated to disturb or derange the business inbits of the are desirables but the people have a right toe xpoft from every public functionary, who has it in his pityor to contribute Jn any ,degree to the correction;of the evils of a system, which has heretofore bcejl productive of so much mischief, his best cxcrtionii to prevent the recurrence of these evils. views I have expressed, and the belief that lnjury can bo sustained by delay, I , have come tolHe conclusion at present to withhold I my assent to yiCso bills. Oy the postponement, the banks will hone'time to prepare and exhibit aalisfac. lory proofof their condition and management, which is not now hefbrb mo, and some well digested amend ments to life System, calculated still further to miti gate ifnot e^d.i° its defects, may bo matuicd. For these,reasons, I havu directed the bill to be returned without my approbation to the Senate in which It originated, Executive Chamber, .J 7, 1148. { AN ADDRESS BY HENRY CKiAY. HU aum« •admitted to * National Convention! Cincinnati, April 12,1846, Henry. Clay: Ims given publicity to tbo'followlng Address, auttypnxlng his name to be presented to the Whig National Convention. r TO THE-PUBLIC. i The various and conflicting; reports which have ' been in circulation in regard to my intentions with 1 respect to Uib next presidency, appear (o mo (ofur* ; nish a proper occasion lor a lull, Crank and explicit ' exposition of-my feelings, wishes and viows upon the subject. Tills it is now proper to make. With a strong disinclination to Hie use of my name again in connection vfith that olßce, 1 left 1 my residence in December lash under a determination to announce to tbe public iatsomo suitable form my desire not to be thought of aVa candidate. During nJy absence I frequently expressed to different-gentlemen my un. willingness again in that attitude; but though no one wes thXborizcd.lo publish my decision one Way orHho-gffrfV, having-rcxmcd, the'righl to do so exclusively toom the.beginning, and reaches it by tho direct route of an hour instead of the circuilos gropihgsof a day; the exact remembrance impressed upon childhood lo do the errands as it was bidden; and, more than ad, the economy of virtue over vice; ofrcstrolncd over pampered desires—these things arc arc not sot down in the works on Political Economy : but they havo far more lo do with the wealth of no-, lions, than any laws which aim to regulate the bal ance of trade, or any speculations on capital art. — The vast variety of ways In which ,nn intelligent, people surpasses stupid one,«nd an exemplary people an immoral one, has infinitely more to do with the well-being of a nation, than soil, or climate, or even than government Itself, excepting so far n* govern ment may prove to be (ho patron of intelligence and virtue.— Horace Mann . His wealth is literally beyond calculation, enor mous; for it Is Impossible to give true ideas of the value of his multifarious resources. Forty millions of dollars would scarcely cover tho worth of his real and personal properly. Stephen Girard’s citato was compared with Aster's, but was always far below it. At (ho Ume of the former's death, John Jacob asked: How much did he leave?" “ Seventeen millions," was the reply. “That won't do," said the survivor—'“that won't do.” , - Since Girard's death, Atlor's wealth has nearly doubled. Three summers ago, ho made, in the profits of ceMuli) purchases of res) estate within (he city limits, for rporo than sixty days consecutively, 640,- 000 a day. - The old millionaire was reported to bo mean: ho was not so: ho was merely particular.' He gsVe freely; he was must bounteous in his private chart, tics. To his countrymen, the Germans, he was ever munificently kind. It is not lo bo dunied that his ancient habits clung to him—habits of saving, a dis like to pay oui his money. Tuko a true anecdote os illustrative r>f thisi Among llio subscriber* to Audubon's magnificent work on Ornithology, the subscription price of which was $lOOO a copy, appeared the uuino of John Jacob A*(or. During the progress of the work, the prose, cution of which was exceedingly expensive, Mr, Audubon of course called upon sevursl of bis subvert, bers for payments. Itso happened that Mr. Astor— probably that bo might not bo troubled about small matters—was not applied to before the delivery of all the letter press ond plates. Then Mr. Audubon asked for his thousand dollars; bulb© was pul,off on one excuse and another. .....I “All, Mr. Audubon,” would the owner of millions observe, a you come In a bod lime} money is very scarce; I have nothing m bank j I have invested ail AUonglh, Tor llio ■lull. Umo. Mr. Audubon died umm Mr*Allot for 111. Hum.and dollar,. A. lie waa u.horod into hi. proaonco ha found William B. Ailor, “ho .on; convoralnjf will. hi. father. No .oooor did (ho rich man mo Iho nun of arl, than ho bomm-r- I » Ah. Mr. Audubon, ao you lu»o oo.no again .nor yourmonoyj hard llmo., Mr. Audubon,money .caVce) but lual tlion oololiing an Inquiring look from hia ,00. lib changed hla lonoi >' liowevor, Mr. Audubon, 1 auunoao wo limit oonlilvo to lot you horo aomo of yo7mono,.if poaalbla.’V '•William." calling in his son, who hacf on orfjorning parlor, “ have wo any money at all ■ in the bank 7 • » Yes, father I replied William 8., supposing that ho asked nn earnest question, pertinent tu what they had boon talking üboul when Iho ornllhoJigisroomc In “wo Imvo two hundred and twenty thousand dot. Inrs In the bank of Now York, seventy thousand in I the City Bank, ninety, thousand in iho Merchants*, | ninety-eight thousand four hundredlnlho Mechanic#’,* clahty*tl»rco thousand— - I , ..That’ll do,-that’ll do,” exclaimed John Jacob, I interrupting him, “it seems that WltUsm can give 1 you a check for your money,” j®Kj«cUnneouB. Anecdote of Jbhu. Jacob Astor* oo per annum. NO. 45 Effect* of Calt|ration«N«w fruits, prMMVf uid Oralu may b« EipecUtl ' Remarks have already been made to encoutafcf experiment with the common. b-’aciUrry*-- selecting the largest and best to begin With} and arguing that a delicious fruit-may be expected to be produced, freak ihe fact that the apple, thq plumb, and some of ou;- best grapes, have come by art, and perseverance In cultivation, from, the rudest and roost distasteful orU ginals. Providence seems, in fact, to have kindly ordered that it-ahotild bo so, to keep 00c mfnjd* in' wholesome exercise under.the double influence of | want end of hope. Had all things been given Uns in abundance, and in a perfect state, we sbonld.havq had nothing to do; and who docs not know, that for idle people, Satan is sure to find employmentT 1 Ait to the effects of cultivation, Button asserts they wheat is a factitious grain, and that there is scarcely a vegetable, whatever its present character, on our farms, that enn be found growing naturally in its improved condition. Rye,rice,barley,and cannot be found; that is to say, growing naturally, in any part of the world,.Uke the cultivated grain.— ; All hove been modified by the industry and skill of mait from their originals, and ao much 10 as.forbid’ our recognizing them, it ws have sue*,, ccedcd in obtaining the fine mealy murpAy, on which, four millions of poor Irish people have hfeen living exclusively, and in failure of which they are-Dow starving .by hundreds and thousands. The origin of Iho.lrish potato was a small biller South American root—taken, some say by one, some by another, to Europe—some say by.Sir.Waller Raleigh,,which may be true, but not personally froth Virginia, lot ha uos never tAere. . • 1, From thußsuseous •ptum gravialevt, wp hsre de< riwd,by atlful and persevering buUure,’onr delicious I celery, for which the Dallimoie market la so famous - —(hanks to the old French Gardners who escaped to that city frpm the massacre of St. Domingo, not poly, for that, but for muny other culinary Inxuriei Ilf great perfection, and for examples nf courtesy and orderly deportment every where. The d|minuUv*i eolewort, with its ungrateful flavor and seven leaves, has been nurtured by thu skill of the. gardher into the nutritive cabbage of s dozen pounds weight!—' Wc lately measured one atj§pringfteld,the residents of George Patterson, near Sykcsville, that was trtorS than four feet in diameter, as it stood in a large field ofils peers. A Dutchman would have been regaled at tjie thought of the quantity of sour Arrant the/, would make! There ate doubtless many berries slid, many grasses in our Acids and swamps, that might! bo nurtured into great excellence. IhFsrmers will only bond them over to their good wives, apd give,' them the means of having them tried in llicir gardens,, . it will be done. . * i ‘ . : VAI.UK OF a CHILD’S TIME, 1 It is sometimes said that a child*! time is not worth, much; some even soy-they send their ebildred l&- . school to.get them nut of the way. But. parents ten And that they learn some things very yoQng.4r* Children *• loom to go astray ts; soon as, they sro born, speaking lies,*'Hint Is, they learn to deteiys* and ntlcr falsehoods, nt a very early period In theft: childhood. And >to their joy, too, they sometimes' And, that, when very, young children have the oppor* tunily afforded, they lay a broad foundation, for suck ; a superstructure as makes men hold up their hands , and wonder. The mother of Boron Cuvier, } remenK bqr.lo bsvo.bsard,' have her son recite.iiirLsn'' | tin to her every morning before going to school. sl though she did not understand s word of it, because, she had an impression that, on the whole, spring W;as, •the Uro&'tikßnw the seed. His schoolmates apd, hfi:„. teacher wondered how it was; that the Ullto baitoft iHwii .wcys’htd so good s leatohr s'hd France has slUJwoiw| ■ dered how ,Cpv(cr to .bo so great , s roan, the se cret was ho was schooled upon his mother’s lap. . A MOTHERS TEARS. i There is a touching sweetness in s mother's-fears' I when they fall upon the facaof her bn.be, Which 1 Ino eye can. behold without imbibing Us iuflaonce.Tr: Upon such, hallowed ground the foot of.profanity, dares not approach. Infidelity itself is silent, and forbears its scotfings ; nnd hero woman displays not’ her weakness, bat her strength, it is that strengths# attachment, which can never, to its full intensity realized. It is a perennial dcpfcndanLupon no cHinm*- no changes) buf alike in storm and sunshine, it knows;' no shadow of turning. A father when ho sees his child going down to the dark valley, will weep when the, shadow of death hat fully come over him, and as the* last parting knell falls on his ear, he may soy »•! go down to the grave ol my son mourning," J3ul>tTis hurry of butincta calls him away t the tear lawlbed', from his eye, and if when he turns from his (he vacancy in (he family .circle ic»mnd# hlm of hi*,- loss, the succeeding day blunts thmpoiganeiy 6f tili; grief, until at length it finds no perihaneey In his breast, Not so with her who lisa borne and ed the tender blossom.. It Uvea, in..the heart wherf it was first entwined, she sees Ilf playful mltlb, or, hears its plaintive cries; she seeks.it in the morning, and goes to the grave to weep (here. A ikort chapter on Pflltenets*,,,,, It is not polite to exhibit a liuleneatiin'pecuniary; matters, especially towards those who deal fairly and generously with you. . • It is nut polite to break into the contersalion oftolh-; era abruptly, and glvo an opinion unsolicited. . It is an evidence, of ill breeding. It is not polite to enter into personal coijlroversien and "bar rooni brawls,” particularly when It Is ah annoyance to others. . ). , *' ( It is not polite to engage in disputes with a black guard, for lit so doing you put yourself on a level with him. .* • * It is not polite (n refuse a favor when you need ilrf neither is It polite to extend one unless you can dolt cordially. ‘»; • It (■,not polite to lavish money,,profusely (n-kelp,’ up appearances, at the expanses of honest creditors. It smacks a little of .dishonor. -•, •' • It Is not polite to crowd yourself Into society where you are, not wanted, it proves that pride has got thei upper.hand of*reason. • * .j. , • "\\- It it not polite to call at stores merely to makoex-* amlnallon of goods wllli no intentlbn of buying. K Inoka 100 muoh tlko shoplifting. • * '» It la not polite to crowd into an editors sanctum, disarrange Hla papers, read hla mamiscrlpls.snd do-, lain him with Idle conversation. With Ijiro ,*• money." Wring i.-wo.lnvUo.p«ople to calf'iipon iSJ bring new subscribers, and lift rllmo.snd We Will talk just as lung as any one pleases. ■ ' " IMjilllr J.., I : Jefloraon, in one of Ida latter*. gi«» Hw following. I daguerreotype akelch of the reigning king* of Eu rope, ei nicy appeared In hie day: I,onie XVI waa a fool of my own knowledge, one), in deepllo of Iho nnewere mode for Mm on hie trial,. The king of Spain woe a fool 1 and of Noplea the ■amf. They paeeud tlioir Urea In homing, and de matched two oonrlere a week one Ihoueaud inilea, to Jet each other know wlmlgamo they had killed; Ilia preceding day*. 'J'ho klrigofSardlula watafool. All there were Boutbone. The Queen of Tortuga), a. Dragan'an, wae' an idiot by nature, and eo wae .the king of Denmark. Tlioir eonn.ae Regent*, emolaod the power of government. The King of Pruaeta, the ■ successor of lire great Frederick, waa a mere hog in body aa well aa in mind. ■ Htiatavua of Sweden,and, Joaeph of Annina, were really craay, and. .Geqrgt oft England waa In.a .There remained, then none but aid Catharine nf.Ruasia. who had been, too lately picked up Ip haeo loal hot,common acnarn, In thiaatate Bonaparte found. Europe, and it waa (flip slate of its ruler* whibh loal if.,with scarce matriig-i ole. Those animal* had, become wljhoul mind, I lid. powctlo**; and an will orory hereditary monaroh 00 alter a few generations, , . . ’ England. - > a--*. —Tliighl .haek ,of,an earthquake, waa firK S " h ’ *" d a'haul.o" Ihpali'l"*'*, : '--i »