THE VOLUNTEER. John B* Bratton, Editor andProprietor* OAUIiISUBi THURSDAY, NOVB’R* U-% 18' AGENCY. 51^V. B. PAI.IMBR, t lsq. I* our authorized Apentfor pro ci'rnu! mlverUsemcnts, rncdvlnp subscriptions, (tint.making coltccVldns for the yelitntetr y 9& his odlcc,' N. W. corner of Tnlnt nm\ Cliesnul BtrooXn, rjitu^dclputa. Cj’Joiin Mktx, Esq., our new County Commission or, entered upon the duties of his office on Monday UM t os the successor to Mr. Woitliinglon, liio lute rfficicntincumbeht. The Potato rot lias caused almost the entire des truction of tho crop in many of the counties of this Stale. Alany of our,agricultural friends in Cumber land and the adjoining counties complaint of the damage,to the potato by the rot, and indeed we be lieve tho disease , prevails generally throughout tho country. . Appointment dy tiik County Commissioners. —Jef- ferson Worthington, Esq., to bo Mcrchnnlilo Ap poisor for the ensuing year. Tliisds a most judicious and excellent appointment. Mr. W. is not only wor thy, but.ho is every way qualified for the discharge of the duties of llic office. His appointment, to this small, but important office, will, wo opine, give gen: oral satisfaction. Re-appointed. —The Commissioners of this county hAvo re-appointed Joseph Lobach Steward-,of the Poor House for the ensuing year. Mr. L. has made a careful and excellent officer. (Tj* Qur friend Saiger has retired from llio “ Ju* niala Time?," and has disposed of-his interest in the same to S. R. Maoanagal, a young man of ability, and a sound and steadfast'Democrat. The Times has always been an orthodox Democratic paper, and wo wish both the retiring and ’the present editor success. Circular of the State Treasurer. —lion. John Banks, the State Treasurer, In view of tho fact that the damage done to our canals will materially dimill* lull tho'pablio receipts, has issued a circular, calling upon thrbfficors of the several counties in tho State to collect and pay over, promptly and fully, all Slate taxes that dro’.riow due to the Commonwealth. Wilson M’Candlkss, Esq.— A number of Western I presses have named this accomplished gentleman, one of tfio ablest Democrats in this s|ate l ns peculiarly well'qualified for tho post of- Minister to China, in place of the lamented Everett. Without knowing . the purpose of the administration in this matter, we know that Col. M’Ca.nules is eminently worthy of i ts confidence. The License Law. —The ground upon which the ■Supreme Court of Pennsylvania declared the recent license law to bo unconstitutional, was, that thcLc gislutnrc could not delegate Us powers of legislation to the vote oflho people. Judges Coulter and Burn* -side dissented from this decision. The 30 Mile Postage Law. —As Congress will soon meet, no time should bo lost hi procuring sig natures to petitions asking tho repeal of tho law which imposes postage on newspapers circulating within 30 miles of their place of publication. The petitions should be short and confined to this single object. Persons living in the neighborhood of coun try towns and villages, arc more concerned in this matter than those who reside near the county sent and get their papers by calling fur them ut tho pi in* ling office. * ,QQ* We expect to print some blank petitions before long, and any person who desires to uso a copy, can call or send to this office and procure one. Tennessee' United Statns Senator. —Tlio Lcgis. laturo of Tennessee, on the 20th, was engaged several hours in balloting for a United Stales Senator, but without success. CT Tito Washington Union, states that General Taylor has asked For and obtained leave of absence for six months, in order to pay a visit to his homio and family. Ho may,therefore,be expected to reach If. Orleans in about a month. Assault on Senator llanneoan. —Wo find, in the Cincinnati Gazelle, a statement of u quarrel which took place at Crawfordsvillo, Xa., between Senator Honnoga'n nnd a Mr. E. McDonald, which had Us origin a ycarpaslin what is said to have been a mob, in which Mr. Ilanncgan was a parly,*ond when Mc- Donald says lie got knocked into the canal, through the Senator's instrumentality. McD. has ever since threatened vengeance, whenever ho should meet the Senator, and this was the first time the parlies met. Tho Senator was attacked by McDonald—knocked down and trampled under foot, and his face horribly lacerated. After the Senator was released, ho re. turned with a gun, for vfengoanco on McDonald,but ho had escaped. Such scenes are much to bo . re gretted. , , Outrageous I The Democrats have been accused of ingratitude, and every species of coldness and insult to General Taylor— all of which is false. A Federal editor in Boston—ho of tho Courier—does, however, indulge in tho.following language, in rcgardlo tho hero of Palo Alto, Ilcsaca do la Palma, Monterey, and Buena Vista, which, for.malignant atrocity, stands unrival led even in the hiatory of Federal assaults on tho de fenders of their country nnd tho supporters of its ho nor and rightson the battle-field. Hero arc tho very words: “ We do believe that C/tn. Taylor IS * one of those human butchers who follow the trade of war for a bru tal love of its excitements* or, i chat is worse, FROM A LOVE FOR THE MONEY WHICH HE GETS FOR lIIS SERVICES—THE- PRICE OF HU MAN lILOOD . So far from knowing this is not his character, we hate never heard any thing of hitri % that couldf in the least degree , weaken this impress ~Tiie Court Martial.— The difficulties in relation to rank, growing out of the claims of Gen. Kearney, Col. 'Fremont, and Cum. Stockton, each claiming to bo Governor of California, has resulted in a court -martial, which Is’now silting at Washington on Col. Fremont, It must ho understood that no charges -have been profered against any.of (hose officers for a diroicclion of duly. Probably no three officers cv •er had such dangerous, difficult duties (a discharge. It is a mere difference in a claim of rank, which the court martial will probably settle without impugning tho rights or services or character of either. Col Fremont is a most scientific and val uable officer, ond has rendered groat services to tho country in Oregon. Thefatcopa Traitor, —One of the duserters who was found fighting against his country at tho battle of Chcrubusco, was Harrison Kinnky, of] tho Ohio regiment, formerly a cillr.cn of Columbus, Ohio. Ho was captured, with many others, by Gen. Scott's or my, and by bis orders hung, Tho Ohio. Statesman, printed at Columbus, in speaking of the fUlo of Kin. ’/icy, says: “This Klnnoy was a tailor by trade, in this city, and It is a melancholy record to make of his end.— ilo was.ft very-decided-Whig, and wo cannot sea jvhat tempted him to this gronterimo of downing his icountry/cxcopt the effect produceil by tho Whig pa. ners and suoh speoohea os.those of Corwin. 110 has u child |n thjfl city, hi* wlfo being dead. \y 9 did iiol suppose oqr city would have well a reproach to hoar from oqp of her soldiers." (ho BTow-Vork hegiijatufc, a resolution has been reported against, ill? anointment of numbers of Congress to oflidc, , DEMOCRACY, vs. FEDERALISM. - Tho truly bravo arc always generous."' i ‘ - Wo hnvo often thought that there never was, a fact mote happily made known than the one abovo quoted —•every day adds its degree of proof,as corroborating, testimony of tho (ruth of the adage* > As well might wo'expect grapes from! thqrns, or figs from thistles, as an act of generosity from.lhc coward or poltroon. Tho hcartof such a being is notsuscopliblo'ofa gen erous emotion—to it, patriotism is n stranger, and sympathy a forbidden relishes vice and;glo ries iu iniquity- Fear, anger, maiico and revenge aro its prcdominanlqualUics—they have usurped the pla ces of probity, generosity and,friendship. Well may lie,posscssing ahcarlofthisnature,exclaim with the cormorant who sat brooding destruction in tho bow ers of Eden, . . “ In ino ail posterity Manta accursed.'* * Wo have been led to these remarks by a circum stance that has recently occurred in Auburn, Al How gratifying must it bo to the lovcts nf morality and truth—how doubly gratifying to the palnot ond advocate of free piihclplcs.; Truth is tho mighty weapon of tlio Do* mocralic pavtyi and they wicld J,i it;in a whplcsomo cause. Hence their briiliant.hchievcmcnln. What a-capital lesson is the remit oftho late con test to our opponents! It is a handsome commen tary on their obnoxious doctrines, and their wicked system of falsehood. Wo would suggest to them the propriety of an entire charge of conduct and princi ples, otherwise they never cah The people arc becoming more and moroi intelligent—they are (particularly of'this Stale,) a reading people—and unless our opponents abandon the art of u gulling” and “hood-winking, 1 * and adopt,Some kind ofprin ciples and an honest' courso of . conduct, they never will or can triumph. In unintelligent community tho public mind is only to bo readied by solid rea soning, a strict regard for truth,and an honesty of purpose. Without these, alt vain. Tho succession of routes, pycrlhroivstfand 'defeats that have attended, our opponents' in'this State, speak loudly In favor oftho truth of what wo assert. Tho course of tho Federalists has bqcn any thing but honest. Knowing that their.Jirofcsscd principles were obnoxious to tho people, they, hoped to succeed by assailing tho private characters’of the candidates oftho Democratic parly, and by violating justice and honor. Tho foulest inedns have'been practiced to attain their ends, and everything of. tho most perni cious character resorted t0,.t0 the most shameful designs. Cut,, they have failed—entirely failed. Thanks to a virtuous community and an in telligent people, they have onco moro put thejr seal of condemnation on the underhanded, measures of aur opponents—they hove pronounced a judgment accor. ding to the law and the prophets; CANDID ATES POU STATB'jtIfEASimED. i - One of tho duties devolved upon tho ensuing Leg- I islalurc, says the Pennsylvanian; will bo tho choice of a State Treasurer, in place of tho present incumbent, Judge Banks. A number of highly deserving and influential Democrats aro named, ettsh having a largo body of friends. With n strict adherence to our reg ular nominations, however, and a decisive majority \ on joint ballot, there' is ho doubt that the choice of tho caucus will bo successful over, all opposition.- Among thoso named, wo observe respectively, tho Hon. Wm, Bigler, of Clearfield; Gon. Geo. W. Bow. UAN,*of Bedford; Hon. Arnold Plomcr, of Venango; Nimrod Strickland, Esq., of Chester; end Col. Asa ■ Dimock, of Susquehanna. Col. Bigler is well know as tho latb Senator from the XXlh district, in which position ho was endeared to hi? friends by his amiable deportment, sound.Dcm cracy, and industrious attention tohls duties. His op position to tho contemplated disposition of the Public works,under (he bill ofGibbonsand Edio, was manly, effective and opportnn. Ho, would make a most indefatigable Stale Treasurer. ■. . V . A favorite corrcspqndcnt announces as an addition al candidate tor State Treasurer, our friend Gen. Geo. W.. Bowman, of tho Bedford Gazette,, everywhere known for his fearless nnd uncompromising Democ racy, and for his fine talents, nnd groat, decision of character. We do not know whcthertheGcn.is a can didate for-tho place, on his own motlohior, by tho act of his friends; but wo know ho would.mako a most efficient and popular oflicor. ''•/.I . - - Hon. Arnold Plumbic is tho latefStodmed and in- repV'csenlativo la CdpgnLsTTrom tho Vqn. ango district—ono of the purest and ablest of our public men, and unquestionably ono of (lie most ex perienced and popular. .His name is suggested to us by one of our most influential political(fjjcnds. Nimrod. Strickland, Esq., named by many sound' Democrats, is the inlripid editor of the Cketttr Coun. ty Democrat, ono of our truest and steadiest republi can journals—a man who would not flatter Neptune for his trident, one who never compromises in sup. porting his principles. Ho too, is singularly able and honest, arid would make an able and efficient Slate Treasurer. Col. Dimock is a citizen of Susquehanna county, now temporarily resident in (hiscity,Qnd well known os tho lalo Senator from his district...; Ho is compo* tent, honest and experienced, having been connected for several years with Col. Snowden, the late State Treasurer, as his chief Clerk. Hero is a list of distihguished names. Either of these capable men would make a most excellent Slate Treasurer, and Would.be worthy of the votes of the Legislature chosen by a triumphant Democracy Trial or Lieut. Col. Fremont.— The Court Mar tial of Lieut. Col. Fremont commenced at Washing* lon on Wednesday, Col. Benton and C. E. Jones (Mr. Benton's son-in-law) acting ns counsel for Col. Fre mont. Col. Hunt was substituted in the place of Ma jor McCall, who did nobaltcnd, in consequence'of ill I health. Tho charges wore road; to whidh tho defen dant pleaded "not guilty." Tho charges as is known, are insubordination ond mutinous conduct, in persis- ting in his claim to bo Governor of California, and commandant of the military forces there, after Brig adier General Kearney's arrival in-that country, and in refusing to obey Gtoncrol Kearney's orders. The Court are men of high, gentlemanly ond officcr.like bearing, and are certainly distinguished for their in* tclligcnco. New Jvney Election. Wo liavo now returns from all tbo. counties, ami tho result Is that Mr. Haines, the Democratic candl* data for Governor, is elected by a majority, of more than 2,500. Whig inaj. Burlington Camden Capo May Cumberland Essex.. Gloucester Mercer Middlesex Morris Passaic Salem Somerset 3436 The Whigs - have soeqn Legislature by a diminish?! Tin; Trophies or War.— One of llio Surgeons of the Army, (who has since been himself dangerously | wounded,) writing to a friohd after the battlbs of Contreras, and Churubusco, says; ' I "After operating, with my assistants, till three I o’clock in. the morning, 1 loft the building, of which I I had made a temporary hospital, to tnko an hour’s 1 rest in the open air. / turned round to look at my amputation table! under it was a pKrfkot heap ok arms and legs ; and looking at myself, 1 found I was covered.with blood from head to foot,'’ Michigan I ' • The few returns which have readied us frotn the peninsular stale leave no room to doubt that llio poo. ! plo of Michigan have nobly responded to,the popular majorities in Maine, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, Maryland, Georgia, Ohio and PenityyWonioi by giv ing tho Fedorollsts a Duetm Vista Defeat 1 Cj*Tlio'Wosliinglon Union, slates that nothing in the ahapo of despatches has yot boon .received from fJen. Scott..'; . \ , For llio American Volunteer. V; - ANNUAL REPORT OP THE 1 Agricultural Society Meeting. . Thoconstitutional, fall mooting of the Cumberland County 'Agricultural Society was held, on Thursday, the 28llt October. ■ Tho Committee of Arrangement, Messrs. Armstrong Noble, Thos. tlrddlcy and Rich* ard Parker, had carefully prepared .a place for tho reception of oil suchtliings as might bo presented for { exhibition; and a beautiful field for tho trial ot skill in tl o art of ploughing; Tho day Was as propitious 1 as could hnyo'been desired, neither warm nor cold, hut delightfully autumnal, as ifProvidonlially order, cd to encourage and prosper the beneficial objects of our society. The attendance of people was large, and the interest which they seemed to manifest made tho impression that the designs and objects of our society were scon arid felt, and the motives of its members to promote the art and science of Agricul ture would bo duly appreciated. . * Tim PLOUGHING MATCH was evidently Hip oxcitingobjcctofallcnlioh. Ofihis every man deems himself a Judge,'and his anxiety to pass Upon tho l merits or demerits of the Work Is measured by the degree of confidence which ho has.in his own opin ion. Others, merb spectators, without tho advantage of any practical knowledge, look upon It as so simple an operation, and. its objects so manifestos to be entirely within the comprehension and subject to tho judgment of tho must untaught. Out since agricul. lure has become tho subject of thought,—since learn, ing and learned men have turned their attention to this most important of all subjects, the community of farmers has In-lt many who have paused to enquire why curtain causes produce certain results: this has I produced another class of men, who look upon the I apparently simple act of ploughing.as tho great first principle of good farming: who arc not content to , know that tho ground should bo ploughed to produce good grain, but why it should bo ploughed who uro i not satisfied .with tho mere turning of tho darth up. | side down, but examine it whert turned, to see wheth. the object 6f,turning it has been accomplished:, who look upon the earth as having capacities to con sume nature’s food, drink her moisture, and.breathe her atmosphere; and that it is tlio business of tho ploughman' to take enre that all these functions are properly performed. This produced another, and wo trust a largo class of observers upon tho ground. At the hour,appointed eight competitors for the honors and premiums of tho society presented themselves. James Weakley, with a specimen Plough, held by Joseph Alexander. Frederick Wails, Prouty’s centre draught Plough, field by Samuel Klinefelter. George Qrindlo, (nf Monroe,) St. Clair do. Co’s cen tre draught Plough, held by himself. John Graham, Plank Plough, held by son George Graham. • Thomas Bradley, Prouty’s centre draught Plough, held by son Abm. Bradley. George Orindlc, (N. Middleton) Hemvood Plough, l held by son John P. Brindlo, . John‘Hemminger, Plank Plough, licld by son.S. | Hemminger. Abraham Myers, Plank Plough, held by son Abm. Myers, Jr. The Judges wore Messrs. Robert Bryson, Christian Titzol, John Paul, Christian Slqyman ond Geo. Rea. A tribunal, in whoso canrlor and judgment the com pctilors had the highest confidence. The- teams went oft* beautifully together, and each ploughman put himself to the work as if his life de pend upon tho result. The ground was a tough timothy sod and in good condition. Tho.ploughing continued about an hour and a half, during which time the judges were upon'tho ground to examine tho work-as it progressed. After each had ploughed a.land, about,* rod-wipcilio-wa*--reVm. Domgardnur, Joshua Fucklcr, Jacob Babb, John L. Spool, Frederick Fortney, E. M, Pollock, and Goorgo C., Fager. Secretaries— Christian B. Henry, Thomas Forster, John W. Glo ver, and John Webster. , 11,0 n lSS, c,in B was ably and eloquently addressed by tho Hen. Josso Mlllor, Hon. John N. Purvlanco, K. Pritchotto, Esq. Judgo. Dock, and Henry Polrl kun Esq, Tho speakers were hoard with much in terest, and frequently greeted with applause. ■ Railroad Accident.—A dreadful nccldont occur red on tho Massachusetts Railroad, between Spring, field ami Boston, on Saligday'last. A oar, called tho Jim Crow, was dashed to pieces, and seven Irish emigrants were’lnstantly killed, thoir bodies being most horribly mangled.. Several other passengers wore severely, wounded. Tho accident was caused by tho break falling beneath (lib oar while In rapid moiiqn,.;. '• • | Fio'iit Betweenan Eagle and a BoV,^Coring latter part of last Week, n largo cnglo wtal CQpt ncar Jamsion’s Cornori iti NVarwlck township, Buck county., Tho r Doylostown Dcmocrut small boy wont after the, cows in the evening, and wa& af 1 Indeed by, the bird in. a-.fnrioys mpnncr, and afe hayings battled with: it -un succcbsfu Ily Tor some ii mp was relieved by a;dc 4 1 Martin Van Buren, -5 44 8 Win. 11. Harrison, ••. ..• 5 44 10 John Tyler, ' 6 44 James K, Polk, 5 44 10 Tiicso' orc the average of mankind erfeepfin Kentucky and Tennessee. “ A Fmrr‘HATß Notice in the Boston Munxiso Post.” —The Boston Post is famous for its » first, rule notices,'” but the following, of Mr. Van Duron the younger, is the best wo have ever seen in tint journals He that attempts to make a Whig of me, will make an ass of himself.— John Van Duren. John matte tho attempt upon himself and fulfill'd is own prophecy.—‘Boston Post, From tho Harrisburg Union. PREDICTION VERBIFIED. On the 17lh of June, 1843, we made the following irediclion in the Democratic Union ; ‘ 4 Tiiat 23,000 Majority. —We learn that Got. Porter, when seeking to cxtcnnnfc his numerous po. lilical tergiversations, oml in order to prove that ho is not the recreant Dcinocr-'l the world takes him to he, is very inuch .in the habit of boosting of the 23,- 000 Democratic majority ho received at his second election. In this, wo hold, he commits an egregious error. The Democracy of Pennsylvania always butllo for Principles, never for Micro Men, and lio must not flatter himself that when they marched in solid phalanx lo the polls hi 1841, and gave him (heir votes, they i objected themselves to,so much trouble merely nn his account, but they did eo»bccuuso they hoped and believed he would carry out tho principles (hey have so much ol heart. Thainomcnt he diner led those principles, thnfmomcnt (ho people dew ted him. Ho should remember, also, (he political fate of poor Sliulzc, who was elected a second lime triiAJ out a competitor,nod nevertheless retired from oilico universally detested. Shulzo. wrecked his forlunrs by attempting to transfer the Democracy to JulmQ.' Adams. Porter has sealed his doom by attempting to hand them over to John Tyler. Both have split upon the same rock,and will soon bo fighting under the samu banner.” This prediction'has been fully verified and sus tained. In tho election of 184G,for Canal Commits, inner, David R, Porter sustained James AI. Power, named one of his.canal boats after him, and openly opposed William R. Foster, tho nominee of the Dc. mocrnlic party; and in tho lato election,he openly opposed Gov, Shunk, and supported James Irvin, the Federal candidate for Governor. Wo make this statement in justice to nursdvet, iiid lo inform our Dejnpcrylic friends throughout ho Stale, of the course pursued by D. U. Portdr ul the lust two Suite elections. Prom llio Vork S.iR, (a liftalrnl paper.) • THE PRESIDENT.AND THE CABIJfET. • Tho Historion who records (ho glorious achieve, incuts of the United Stales during tho year 1847, will aword to James K.Polk and hisU.ibinel un illnstriniH place. , While wo aland neutral os In the politic*, religion nn lasting debt of gratitude and praise. PIIRENOI.QOY.—A WBg 1110 OlllOT tlfiy, ** “ man whoso important nir in out blmolo oUraclc | groat cloal of notice, remarked that Ida bump ®» otioomwasso prominent, that |io could not - keep 11 hat oti in a 'windy day.