VOL. 43.
The Huntingdon Journal.
Office in new JOURNAL Building, Fifth Street,
TIIE HUNTINGDON JOURNAL is published every
Friday by .1. A. NASH, at $2,00 per euttlitli ix ADVANCE,
or $2.:10 it not paid for in six months from date of sub
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No paper discontinued, 1113108 S at the option of the pub
lisher, until all arrearages are paid.
No paper, however, will be sent out of the State unless
absolutely paid fur in advance.
Transient advertisements will be inserted at TWELVE
AND A-HALF CENTS per line for the first insertion, SEVEN
AND A-HALF . CENTS for the second and Fivit CENTS per line
for all subsequent insertions.
Regular quarterly and yearly basin , ss advertisements
will be inserted at the following rates:
1
13m 16m 1 9m Ilyr 1 13m 6m 9n, lyr
1 I 13 50! 450;550' ' 8 9 00118 00 !s27ls 36
2‘• 5 001 800 10 00112 00Nco1118 00136 00 60 65
3 " 7001000 14 00,18 001Xce1134 00,60 00 65 80
4 " 800 14 00,20 00118 0011 001136 00160 00 80 100
Allßesolntions of Associations, Communications: of
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and notices of Marriages and Deaths, exceeding five lines,
will be charged TEN CENTS per line.
Legal and other notices will be charged to the party
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Advertising Agents must find their commission outside
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All advertising accounts are due and collectable
when the adr,tisentont is once inserted.
.108 PRINTING of every kind, Plain and Fancy Colors,
done with neatness and dispatch. Iland-bills, Blanks,
Cards, Pamphlets. &c., of every variety and style, printed
at the shortest notice, and everything in the Printing
line will be executed in the most artistic manner and at
the lowest rates.
Professional Cards
VTMVT3I. P. & R. A. ORBISON, Attorneys-at-Law, No. 321
.
Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. All kinds of legal
business promptly attended to. 5ept.12,78.
I)R. G. B. lIOTCIIKIN, 8115 Washington Street, Min
tingdon. junel4-1878
TA CALDWELL, Attorney-at-Law, No. 111, 3rd street.
11. 0111, e formerly occupied by Messrs. Woods &
[apl2,'7l
TAR. A.B. BRUMBAUGH, offers his professional services
to thecommunity. Office, N 0.523 Washington street,
one door east of the Catholic Parsonage. Lian4,ll
DR. HYSKILL has permanently located in Alexandria
to practice his profession. DanA '7S-ly.
'(2C. STOCKTON. Surgeon Dentiot. Office in Leister's
LI.
building, in the room forniezly occupied by Dr. E.
J Greene, Huntingdon, Pa. LaprA, '76.
GEO. B. ORLADT, Attorney-at-Law, 405 Penn Street,
Huntingdon, Pa. [novl7, 75
GL. ROBB, Dentiet, office in S. T. Brown's neAlding,
. No. 520, Penn Street, Huntingdon, Pa. [apl2.'7l
11 C. MADDEN, Attorney-at-Law. Office, No.—, Penn
I • Street, Huntingdon, Pa. [apl9,'7l
jSYLVANITS BLAIR, Attorney-at-Law, Huntingdon,
eJ . Pa. Office, Penn Street, three doors west of 3rd
street. [jan4,7l
JT W. MATTERS, Attorney-at-Law and General Claim
• Agent, lluutingduu, Pa. Soldier& claimaagainst the
Government for back-pay, bounty, widows' and invalid
pensions attended to with great care and promptness. Of
fice on Penn Street. Dan4,'7l
L.S. GEISSING ER, Attorney-at-Law and Notary Public,
. Huntingdon, Pa. Office, No. 2:30 Penn Street, oppo
site Court house. [febs,'7l
Ci E. FLEMING, Attorney-at-Law, Huntingdon, Pa.,
ofc•e in .31nnitor building, Penn Street. Prompt
and aareful attention given to all legal business.
[augs;74-limos
New Advertisements.
BROWN'S
CARPET STOR E,
525 PENN STREET,
JUST THE PLACE FOR HOUSEKEEPERS !
40 1 FRESH STOCK ! NEW STYLES! !
CARPETS,
ALL GRADES AND AT PRICES THAT CAN NOT BE UNDERSOLD.
F - L - Hl\Tirrurt H,,
The Largest Stock and variety of
Chairs, Beds, Tables, Chamber Suits, Lounges,
ROCKERS, MOULDINGS, BRACKETS, &c., ever exhibited in Huntingdon county.
WALL PAPER ! WALL PAPER !
In this department I have made important changes ; procured the latest improved trimmer, and my
new styles and prices for 1879, can not fail to suit purchasers. Call and see.
WINDOW SHADES and FIXTURES
in great variety. Plain, satin and figured paper, plain or gilt band shading, spring and
common fixtures.
FLOOR OIL GLOTTIS
From 15 inches to 2i yards wide. Halls covered with one solid piece without joints. [Bring diagram
and measurement.] For
PICTURE FRAMES AND LOOKING CLASSES,
This is headquarters. Mattresses, Window Cornice, and anything in the Cabinet or Upholstering line
made to order or repaired promptly.
eUNDZRWAIING
Also added to the FURNITURE and CARPET BUSINESS.
Plain Coffins, Elegant Caskets. and Burial Cases,
WOOD OR LIGHT METALIC TO SUIT ALL. BURIAL ROBES IN VARIETY.
. PINE PLATE GLASS HEARS E
Ready to attend funerals in town or country. My new clerk and traveling agent, FERDINAND
!Coal, will call briefly in the principal towns, villages and valleys of this and adjoining counties,
with samples of Wall Paper, Carpets, Carpet Chain, and illustrations of Chairs and many kinds of
Furniture, to measure rooms, &c., and receive orders for any goods in my line. If he should not
reach you in time, do not wait, but come direct to the store.
JAMES A.
525 PTa.NN SP., TIUNPINGDON, PA.
March 21,1879.
There is no "Powder in the Cellar,"
TONS OF IT IN OUR MAGAZINE.
DuPont's Powder.
WE ARE THE AGENTS FOR THE
jintrii 401)4 I 0 , 14 + t , 4
p 4 iii
Wittiligiffp ill I ) tulatin
*-1
SEND IN YOUR ORDERS.
1 - IMISTJERI - M F- CgZ, C C) - 2
HUNTINGDON, PA.
April! 25,1879.
New Advertisements
S. WOLF'S.
At Gwin's Old Stand,
505 PENN STREET.
Not much on the blow, but always ready for work.
The largest and finest line of
Clothing, Hats and Caps,
GENTS.' FURNISHING GOODS,
In town and at great sacrifice. Winter Goods
20 PER CENT. UNDER COST.
Call and be convinced at S. WOLF'S, 505 Penn st.
RENT AND EXPENSES REDUCED,
At S. WOLF'S. lam better able to sell Clothing,
Hats and Caps, Gents.' Furnishing Goods, Trunks
and Valises, CHEAPER than any other store in
town. Call at G win's old stand. S. MARCH, Agt.
MONEY SAVED IS MONEY EARNED
The Cheapest Place in Huntingdon to buy Cloth
ing, Hats, Caps, and Gents.' Furnishing Goods is
at S. WOLF'S, 505 Penn street. one door west
from Express Office. S. MARCH, Agent.
TO THE PUBLIC.—I have removed my Cloth
ing and Gents.' Furnishing Goods store to 1). P.
Gwin's old stand. - Ut.Expenses reduced and
better bargains than ever can be got at
S. Wolf's 505 Penn Street.
March 2S, 1879.
BEAUTIFY YOUR
111 - 0 M !
The undersigned is prepared to do all kinds of
HOUSE AND SIGN PAINTING,
Calcimining, Glazing,
Paper Hanging,
and any and all work belonging to the business.
Having had se , . eral years' experience, he guaran
tees satisfaction to those who may employ him.
PRICES MODERAT E .
Orders may be left at the JOURNAL Book Store.
JOHN L. ROHLAND.
March 14th, 1879-tf.
New Advertisements.
13 11 DAMN,
I; 'T' miri , _;rub - 1 ARE
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HERE WE ARE !
-AND
1879.
E4e PM? otiler.
The Russian Lover's Parting.
Without thee I atu_ poor indeed,
Bet with thee, I am rich ;
Oh ! wouldat thou make my heart to bleed,
Beloved Tzazkoskovitch
Tzazkoskovitch, Ehihelankoff,
As from her arms he tore,
Burst two suspender buttons off,
Which rolled upon the floor.
**Keep them," he cried in piteous tone,
"Ana think of me my love,"
Then, turned and madly fled his own,
Skobeskiffraulenstove.
Harvest Hymn.
Once more the liberal year laughs out
O'er richer stores than gems or gold ;
Once more with harvest song and shout
Is nature's bloodless triumph told.
Our common mother rests and sins
Like Ruth among her garnered sheaves;
Her lap a full of goodly things;
Her brow is bright with Autumn leaves.
0 favors old, yet ever new !
0 blessings with the sunshine sent !
The bounty overruns our due,
The fullness shames our discontent.
We shut our eyes, the flowers bloom on ;
We murmur, but the corn ears fill;
We choose the shadow, but the sun
That casts it shines behind us still.
God gives as with our rugged soil
The power to make it ELi..n fair,
And richer fruit to crown our toi
Than Summ e r-wedded islands bear.
Who murmurs at his lot to-day?
Who scorns his native fruit and bloom,
Or sighs for dainties far away,
Besides the bounteous board of home ?
Thank Ifeaven, instead, that freedom's arm
Can change a rocky soil to gold ;
That brave and generous lives can warm
A clime with Northern ices cold.
And by these altars wreathed with flowers,
And fields of fruits, awake again
Thanksgiving - for the golden hours,
The early and the later rain.
Ely *tug-tr./Arr.
THE FATAL MARK.
"Is this Mr. Rushton's 7"
It was a handsome young man who asked
this question.
And the girl who had opened the door
for him, in that pretty country place
where the richest people were not very
fashionable, was Mr. Rushton's only
daughter Fanny herself.
"What a pretty little soul !" he thought.
Then, as she turned her head, he won
dered for a moment whether somebody had
just slapped her on the left cheek, there
was such a singular mark there, exactly
like the scarlet print of a palm and four
fingers.
But that mark had been there all Fanny
Rushton's life, and it was her one grief,
her perpetual torment.
She had grown morbid about it in these
early days of womanhood.
But there were no cosmetics and no arts
of surgery that could zernovo it.
There the red mark must be as long as
she breathed, its hateful scarlet attracting
the first glance from every stranger.
"Mr. Rushton at borne ?" said Luke
Robbins with a bow.
'•YGS " said Fanny
Then she ushered Mr. Robbins into the
parlor, and went away ; but in a few mo•
ments the mill owner sauntered in.
It was a business call.
The business was easily completed, and
then Luke Robbins rose to depart.
"The hotel is a long way off, and I
should be pleased to have you stay over
night with us," said the old gentleman.
•-There are one or two spare bedrooms,
and supper will be ready in fifteen min
utes. Let us have the pleasure of your
company."
"Thanks." said Luke Robbins. "You
are very kind."
Then he thought of that pretty fdee
with the red mark upon the cheek.
Despite this mark he wanted to see it
again.
It sat opposite to hint at supper time.
"The best and kindest face in the
world," he said to himself a dozen times.
And he did his best to win a little chat
from the shy girl, who could not forget
her tormenting mark until they sat in the
twilight on the piazza afterward.
Mrs. Rushton bad a call from some
neighbor, and sat apart conversing.
Mr. Rushton, after many amiable at
tempts to rouse himself, went sound
asleep.
Through the evening shadows Luke saw
the girl's finely cat profile and exquisitely
shaped head ; and the moon turned all to
black and white soon, and blotted out the
red mark.
And he sat as close to her as he dared,
and her sweet voice charmed him, and he
fell in love, as men do, for an hour.
Poor little Fanny gave away her heart
that night in one whole piece.
It is always best to keep a little piece,
if one can ; but sometimes that is impossi
ble.
Oh, what 'a beautiful night !" said
Finny, as she stood on the porch with her
mother after the gentleman had retired.
"Such a fine breeze, and such a bright
moon_"
"It's quite damp. We'd better retire. I
wonder whether your pa will be suited with
to-morrow's breakfast. He does ask visi
torsso unexpectedly," returned Mrs. Rush
ton.
Married forty and single twenty take
different views of life sometimes.
Fanny went to bed to dream of Para
dise; and next day was all happy in mem
ory of a parting pressure of the hand, and
a whispered hope chat they might often
meet again. _ _
'What a pity that mark is," thought
young Robbins. "She's a darling little
thing ; and I suppose that Rushton is a
very rich man. A young man might do
worse than be hi, son-in law."
Then as the train whirled him away, he
said to himself :
"What a pity that mark is."
Nevertheless, very often after that he
was with Fanny a great deal.
fanny's mother felt that though this
suitor was not rich, he was eligible, and
she knew that that red mark was a disad
vantage to her Fanny.
"lie certainly means something," said
mamma.
"And they could always live with us,"
said papa ; -we need never part from our
only one."
Our eyes grow used to everything after
a while.
Luke Robbins forgot that there was
any mark on Fanny's face, unless some
thing particular called his attention to it.
He loved her very much at times,
though there were long hours in which he
never remembered her existence.
"Twice a week, at least, Luke thought
enough of Fanny to buy her a boquet, or
HUNTINGDON, PA,, FRIDAY AUGUST 29, 1879.
some music, and to spend two hours on a
dusty railroad for the sake of seeing her.
Ile felt her love for him in her very
finger tips; he saw it in her eyes ; he
heard it in her voice.
He WaS a uian wbo is happy in being
beloved.
And it was not old Mr. Rushton's money
that made him beside to offer himself to
her, despite the red mark.
Yes, the next time he went he would
ask Fanny to have him for better or worse.
And he knew she would say—
" Yes."
There are evil moments in every one's
life—moments that change one's destiny
for the worst.
If only it had rained one morning; if
only Fanny had fallen ill ; if only she had
not undertaken that trip to the city just
when she did, this would have been a dif
ferent story.
She used to be shy of going into the
crowded streets alone, and, even with her
mother, wore a veil, and felt uncomforta
ble when any one looked at her.
But now she cared nothing for stran
gers eyes.
Somehow her bleniisbed face found fa
vor in his.
Let them stare
The prettiest girl living was not so
happy.
She went smiling along.
She made her little purchases with a
light heart.
And then she SAW Luke Robbins—yes,
really Luke himself, coming tc meet her !
"Looks as if some one had slapped her
in the face," said a giggling girl's voice.
And he turned his head.
He saw her, and went to her at once.
'Oh, I'm so glad to meet you," said
Fanny. "I suppose I ought to start at
once."
"And I'll go with you as far as N--,
where you change carriages," said Luke
Robbins.
He saw people stare at her as she pass
ed.
Part of the staring was at the mark,
part of it at the pretty lace and figure.
He laid it all to the mark, as she had
all her life
He grew very grave.
It was a terrible blemish
In those moonlight lovers' walks in the
country he had forgotten all about it,
but in the crowded streets how it forced
itself upon him !
Every one stared so.
In the carriage which they soon stepped
into, a little child opened its round eyes,
and with a child's innocent impertinence,
pointed its finger straight at the mark on
Fanny's face.
Its nurse slapped the small palm at
once. and turned scarlet herself, but that
did not mend matters.
At the station there was a crowd.
Luke bad passed Fanny in first, and
stopped to pay the fare.
‘"‘Two." said he,
"The old lady ?" asked the man.
"No," said Luke.
"Oh, that °tie with thc red sear on her
face," said the man, lowering his voice.
"All right."
"Confound you!" said Luke in a rage.
But the man had meant no rudeness,
nor had Fanny heard him ; but Luke was
excited, confused, agitated.
He hardly knew why then.
He handed her out of the carriage ;
then be pressed her hand.
"Good bye until we meet," be said, and
stepped to the platform. "Here is your
train coming up."
There stood one of those white bearded,
red-cheeked old gentleman who affect to
be " judges of women " in a way that is
insulting to every woman since it places
her on a level with wine and horses,
havin(r b nothing whatever to do with any
thing but her personal attractions.
"Ah ! how de do ?" said this old gentle
man, grasping Luke's hand. "Glad to
see you, my boy. Doing the gallant, I
see. No relation, I suppose."
"No," said Luke.
"Thought not," said the old man. "We
let our sisters and cousins take care of
themselves for the most part. Pretty fig
ure rather ; goodstep ; but confounded ugly
red mark. A man wouldn't like that, eh,
Luke ?"
"No," said Luke ; "a man wouldn't like
it."
Something rustled at his elbow.
"I—l left my parcel, Mr. Robbing,"
said a cold little vo:ce.
Fanny stood there, so pale that the
mark looked pure scarlet.
"Thanks. Don't trouble yourself."
But he went back wish her, and he
would have pressed her hand once more,
only she kept it from him.
She had heard his speech :
"A man wouldn't like it."
She had heard the speech that caused
his answer.
And as he looked after her as she en
tered the carriage, two tears came into his
eyes.
They trickled down upon his cheeks.
He wiped them away.
Suddenly he felt that he loved Fanny
Rushton from his soul—that this cowardly
sort of trouble that the remarks and glan
ces of strangers had caused him would
never make him ashamed of himself again.
"Fanny, my darling," he said to him
self. 'Fanny, my love, your face is dear
er to me for its blemish, and you shall
know it before I sleep. You should, were
you a beggar. I'll hide it from the world's
cold eyes on my bosom, darling; and
love you all the more for it."
He followed after her.
He walked up the garden path in the
twilight.
He asked for Miss Fanny.
"She hasn't come in yet," said the ser
vant. They are so frightened about her
—master and missus—but I tell 'em
turn upon right."
Luke's heart stood still.
A presentiment of evil filled his mind.
Ir. the gathering darkness, two anxious
men went forth, hoping against hope.
"She stepped out ou the platform sud
denly. Either she was bewildered, or she
did it on purpose. We were going full
speed. She had a blue dress and a white
hat, and there's a red mark on her facer.
They'll know her by that.
That was the guard's story.
That was elie story that Luke and Fan
ny's father heard at last.
Did she step out on purpose, or was she
"bewildered ?"
God only knows—no living being.
Luke tried to believe that what she had
heard him say had nothing to do with it.
But it was too late now to tell her what
he ;e1:. —too late to hide her sweet face on
his heart.
Ile could only stoop over her, as she lay
in her coffin, and press the last kiss his
lips ever offered to any woman upon the
cold cheek that, even in the death hour,
bore still upon it that fatal red mark.
*dui Pisallang.
The World's Granary
A very shrewd French merchant, who
is a close observer of all matters connected
with the commercial relations existing be
tween France and the United States,
writes as follows : "During one of the last
sittings of the French Chamber, the Min
ister of Agriculture said, 'From this day
our farmers might as well make up their
mind that the United States will be the
granary of France.' He was perfectly
right, for the price French farmers are ob
liged to submit to in order to realize, in
competition with American grain, is sim
ply ruinous. One of the largest farmers
of France writes to me that his wheat cost
him, stored in his granary, 27 francs per
hectalitre, and that millers can buy Amer
ican wheat fully as good for 22.50 per bee
talitre. Just imagine what a loss." This
official recognition of the inevitable comes
none too soon. Forewarned is forearmed,
and the producers of Western Europe
must speedily arrange their affairs to meet
the new order of things. The area of the
United States is nearly fifteen times great
than that of France, and over nine times
as great as that of the French Republic
and the United Kingdom combined. In
1876, there were devoted to the cultivation
of cereals in the United States seventeen
million more acres than the entire area of
the United Kingdom, and thirty million
more acres than the entire tilled land of
France. In 1773, France devoted 37.-
000,000 acres to cereals, of which 17,000
000 were in wheat. In 1876, the United
States raised wheat from 27,500,000 acres
while the crop of 1878 is over 100,000,000
bushels larger than was that of 1.876.
Added to the advantages given to the
United States by the possession of an area
suitable for grain growing greater and
more accessible than that of any other na
tion, our producers can compete success
fully for Europe's trade on account of the
lower cost of land, a more productive soil
and the general use of agricultural ma
chinery. Combined with this is a spirit
of enterprise and industry that is enhanced
by a climate which acts as a stimulant in
infusing life and energy into the people in
habiting the grain producing belt. While
the farmer, in obedience to this spirit,
pushes production, and avails himself of
every new labor saving appliance in order
to increase his crops, a like spirit of enter
prise is developing and improving trans
portation facilities upon land and sea.—
dmerican Grocer
Remarkable Vitality.
Col. Jones, of Louisiana, was lynched
for the murder of Gen. Lydell. He fought
a duel before the war and received an
ounce rifla ball through his heart. He
not only recovered, but was never after
ward troubled with disease of that organ,
from which he had previously suffered.
At the time of tits killing he was shot no
less than a dozen times with heavy charges
of buckshot before he expired. A private
soldier in Powers' regiment of Confederate
cavalry, while charging at Olive Branch,
was thrust through the bowels with a bay
onet, and literally "pitchforked" from the
horse, but he disengaged himself, stagger
ed to his feet and split his assailant's skull
in twain with a sabre. Within four months
lie was again in active service. T. B. Ed
wards and E. Daigree, of the Second Lou
isiana Cavalry, were both shot through the
bowels at the battle of Rafourche Crossing,
and were pronounced by the surgeons as
fatally wounded, the bullets not glancing
as in some other cases, but, cutting thro'
the intestines. Both men recovered and
did duty afterwards in two or three cam
paigns. Auguste Morey, a scout for the
Trans-Mississippi army, was shot between
his eyes, the bullet lodging in the back of
his head, where it is yet. After his fall,
an Ohio infantryman rushed up and trans
fied him through the breast with his bay
onet. Morey was found alive on tire field
and sent by his captors to a prison hospi
tal, from whence he was exchanged in
time to have several brushes with his foes
before the final "break up." I saw him
in 1868, and he told me that he had never
suffered any inconvenience from the lead
en pellet that he was carrying in his cran
ium. In 1866, I made . the acquiiintance
of a retired old lieutenant colonel of the
French army, and he showed me a ghastly
wound he had received from an artillery
man's cutlass, at the storming of the Mal
akoff. The cut had been down through
his left shoulder, severing his collar bone
and nearly lopping off that arni. That
side of the old gentleman's body was about
an inch lower than the other, but he was
not otherwise bothered by the Crimean
reminiscence.
Popular Superstitions.
Here are a few illustrations of the per
sistence of superstitious beliefs They are
taken from a paper in All the Year Around
entitled "Some Popular Cures." Many,
if not all of' these beliefs, doubtless survive
even on this side of the Atlantic. A cure
for whooping cough, in use nut only in
England, but in North Germany, consists
in putting into the mouth of the - whooping
child a newly caught fish, and then letting
it go again. The cough is communicated
to the fish. Another cure for the same
malady consist in passing the child nine
times under and over a donkey. To charm
away warts, an alder-shoot is to be rubbed
over them; then as many notches are cut
on the twig as there are warts. The twig
is buried, and as it rots away the warts
disappear. There are persons still living
who have been stroked by a hanged man's
hand for the sake of dispelling tumors.
In Devonshire there is a superstition that
if a person suffering from any disease
throws a handkerchief in the coffin of a
suicide, the disease will be cured as the
handkerchief rots away. In other locali
ties the fore foot of a hare, worn constantly
in the pocket, is considered a potent charm
against rheumatism. A like practice is
found in this country, a horse chestnut
taking the place of the hare's foot. In
some places the anti-rheumatic talisman is
a potato. Bread baked on Good Friday
is supposed to possess wonderful curative
virtues. Such bread, it seems, never grows
mouldy. It is often kept fc,r years, some
times as many as twenty. It is most ef
fectual when taken grated in brandy. Nor
is it only fur man's ailments that Good
Friday bread is medicine; it is also consid
ered good for some of the complaints of
animals—for instance, it cures the 'scours'
in calves.
PEttu will pay off her debt with guano
—scent for cent.
CARRYING up bricks for masons is a
hod way of getting a living.
Advice to a Gentleman on the Subject
of Health.
Ili/I's Manual of Social and Business Forms.]
The first great secret of good health is
good habits, and the next is regubtritij of
habits. They arc briefly summed up in
the following rules :
1. SLEEP.—Give yourself the necessary
amount of sleep. Some men require five
hours of the twenty-four ; others need
eight. Avoid feather beds. Sleep in a
garment not worn during the day. To
maintain robust health, sleep with a per
son as healthy as yourself, or no one.
2. DitEss.—ln cold weather, dress
warmly with underclothing. Remove mut'.
fler, overcoat, overshoes, etc., when re
maining any considerable length of time
in a warm room. Keep your feet warm
and dry. Wash them in warm water two
or three times a week. 'Near warm stock
ings, large boots and overshoes when in
the snow and wet. Wear a light covering
on the head. always keeping it cool.
3. CLEANLINESS.-1-lave always a pint
or quart of water in your sleeping room.
In the morning, after washing and wiping
hands and face, then wet with the hands
every part of the body. Cold water will
not be disagreeable when applying it with
the bare hands. Wipe immediately; fol
low by brisk rubbing over the body. The
whole operation need not take over five
minutes. The result of this wash is the
blood is brought to the surface of the skin
and made to circulate evenly throughout
the body. You have opened the pores of
the skin, allowing impurities in the body
to pass off, and have given yourself in the
operation a good vigorous morning exer
cise. Pursue this habit regularly and you
will seldom take cold.
4. INFLATION OF THE LUNGS.—Five
minutes spent in the open air, after dress
ing, inflating the lungs by inhaling as full
a breath as possible, and pounding the
breast during the inflation, will greatly en
large the chest, strengthen the lung power
and very effectively ward off consumption
5. DIET.—If inclined to be dyspeptic,
avoid mince pie, sausage, and other high
ly-seasoned food. Beware of eating too
freely of soups; better to eat food dry
enough to employ the natural saliva of the
mouth in moistening it. If inclined to
over eat, partake freely of rice, cracked
wheat, and other articles that are easily
digested. Eat freely of ripe - fruit, and
avoid excessive use of meats. Eat at leg
ular hours, and lightly near the hour of
going to bed. Eat slowly, thoroughly
masticate the food. Do not wash it down
with continual drink while eating. Tell
your funniest stories while at the table and
for an hour afterward. Do not engage in
severe mental labor directly after hearty
eating.
6. EXERClSE.—Exercise ; not too violent
but sufficient to produce a gentle perspira
tion, should be had in the open air.
7. CONDITION OF MIND.—The condi
tion of the mind has much to do with the
health. Be hopeful and joyous. To be
so avoid business entanglements that may
cause perplexity ana anxiety. leep out
of debt. Live within your income. At
tend church. Walk, ride, mix in jovial
company. Do as nearly right as you know
how. Thus conscience will always be at
ease. If occasionally disappointed, remem
ber that there is no rose without a thorn,
and that the darkest clouds have a silver
lining ; that sunshine follows storm and
beautiful spring succeeds the dreary win
ter. Do your duty, and leave the rest to
God, who doeth all things well.
Wonders of the West.
Captain Rhodes, of Esmeralda county,
Nevada, is the owner of what is known as
Rhodes' Salt Marsh, but which is a perfect
laboratory of mineral wealth. The valley
in which this wonderful salt marsh is lo
cated contains 4140 acres. It is quite level
and is surrounded on all sides with high
volcanic mountains. It is situate about 15
miles northwest of Columbus, and there is
a sufficient amount of salt in it to supply
all the markets of the Union, if not the
whole world. A foot or two below the sur
face is found a solid floor of pure rock salt,
as firm and as transparent as ice. Indeed,
when the sand that covers the surface is
stripped off the salt below bears a very close
resemblance to a field of ice. In many
places little streams of water bubble up,
through the mass of salt, and very fre
quently deep pools are found which look
just like the air holes in a frozen lake.
The salt made at the Marsh is perfectly
pure. When a tract of ground has been
stripped of the surface soil the salt water
rises over the bed of rock salt to the depth
of a foot or two. Then crystals of salt be
gin to form on the water, and as they form
they sink to the bottom. If the salt is to
be fine, for table use, workmen stir these
crystals about with shovels as they settle to
the bottom, thus breaking them up. For
use in working silver ore coarse salt is as
good as fine, and the solid formation may
be dug up with picks if necessary, but the
loose crystals are more readily handled,
and as much salt of that kind is formed as
can be disposed of.
Not only are there inexhaustible stores
of salt in the little valley, but immense
stores of borax. This borax is of the fi•
nest quality known, and twoor three cents
per pound more can be obtained for it in
Europe than for any other borax sent to
that market. Splendid specimens of tincal
o► natural crystals of borax, are found in
the marsh, imbedded in the clay near the
surface. Immense quantities of sulphate
of magnesia, (epsom salt) and sulphate of
sodo, (glauber salt) in a pure state are also
found. Nitrate of potassa (saltpetre) is
found, but the extent of the deposits is not
known.
Common potash is found in great abuu
danca, and among the curious specimens
to be obtained are what are called "cotton
balls," (boreate of linen) and fibrous crys.
talline borax. Also, there is found an
abundance of an unknown mineral. It is
something described in none of the books.
It does not appear in the shape of crystals
yet has a regular form of its own, present.
ing the appearance of branches of coral.
It is thought that this may be some new
salt. A quantity of it will shortly be sent
East for examination.— Viryinits C'ity
(Nev.) Enterprise.
THE Sultan of Zanzibar showed him
self generally a very smart chap to the
Europeans. He didn't wear any stars,
and garters, and crosses, and medals of his
own, nor would he accept of any, as the
wearing of such gewgaws is contrary to
the customs of his country, perhaps be
cause, as the evening and morning dress
of his subjects is simple nakedness, they
would have to cut buttonholes in their
skins to adopt such a fashion.
A SARATOGA belle writes borne to her
dear ma, as follows: "It is horrid here—
not a man in town worth over $15,000."
3focal ristory.
THE
OLD FOOT-PRINTS OF TILE RECEDING RE) MAN,
AND THE
LANDIARKS OF THE COMMUTE MAN
WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO
The Juniata Region.
BY PROF. A. L. GUSS, OF HUNTINGDON, PA
'Ti' good to muBe on Nations passed away
Forever from the land we call our own.
ARTICLE XIX
SMITH DESCRIBES THE SUSQUEHANNAS
Capt. John Smith's description of these
natives of the Susquehanna river, is so
interesting, that I think the reader will
thank me for reproducing it, just as he
had written it, in those days when I and J
were one character, and the IT and V were
strangely intermixed. Here it is :
"At the end of the Bay where it is 6 or
7 myles in breadth, it divides it selfe into
4 branches, [rivers.] the best [largest, the
Susquehanna,] commeth Northwest from
among the mountaines; but though Ca
sows may goe a dayes iourney or two vp
it, we could not get two myles vp it with
our boat fur roekes. V'pon it is seated
the Sasquesahanocks, neare it North and
by West runneth a creek [probably Elk
river,] a myle and a halfe : at the head
whereof' the Ebbe left vs on shore, where
we found many trees cut with hatchets
The next tyde keeping the shore to secke
fur some Salvages;. (for within thirtie
leagues'sayliog, we saw not any, being a
barren Country,) we went vp another small
river like a creeke 6 or 7 myle. From
thence returning we met 7 Canowes of the
Massowonacks, with whom we had confer
ence by sigues, for we understood one
another scarce a word : The next day we
discovered the small river and people of
Tockwhogh trending Eastward.
"Having lost our Grapnell among the
rocks of Susquesakanocks, we were then
neare 200 myles from home, and our Barge
about two tuns, and had in it but twelve
men to performe this Discovery, wherein
we lay about 12 weeks vpon those great
Waters in those vnknowne Countries, hav
ing nothing but a little meale, oatemeale
and water to feed us, and scarce halfe
sufficient of that for bane that time, but
what provision we got among the Salvages,
and such routes and fish as we caught by
accident, and Gods direction ; nor had we
a Mariner nor any [who] had skill to trim
the sayles but two saylers and my selfe,
the rest being Gentlemen, or them were as
ignorant in such toyle and labor, yet ne
cessitie in a short time by good words and
examples made them doe that that caused
them ever after to feare no colours. What
I did with this small means I leave to the
Reader to judge, and the Mappe I made
of the Country, which is but a small mat
ter in regard to the magnitude thereof.
"But to proced, 60 of those Sasquesa
hanocks came to vs with Skins, Bowes.
Arrows, Targets, Beads, Swords, and To
bacco pipes for presents. Such great and
well proportioned men are seldoroe
scene, fbr they seemed like Giants to the
English, yea and to the neighbours, yet
seemed of an honest and simple disposition,
with much adoe restrained from adoring
vs as Gods. Those are the strangest peo
ple of all those Countries, both in language
and attire ; for their language it may well
beseeme their proportions, sounding from
them, as a voice in a vault. Their attire
is the skinnes of Bears and Woolves, some
have Cassacks made of Beares heads and
skinnes, that a mans head goes into the
skinnes neck, and the cares of the Beare
fastened to his shoulders, the nose and
teeth bonging downe his breast, another
Beares face split behind him, and at the
end of the nose hung a Pawe, the halfe
sleeves comming to the elbowes were the
neckes of Beares, and the armes through
the mouth with pawes hanging at their
noses. One had the head of a Wolfe hang
ing in a chain for a lewell, his Tobacco
pipe three quarters of a yard long, prettily
carved with a Bird, a Deere or some such
devise at the great end, sufficient to beat
out ones braines : with Bowes, Arrowes
and clubs, sutable to their greatnesse.
"These [Sasquesahanocks] are scarce
knowne to Powhatan. They can make
neare 600 able men, and are pallisadoed in
their Townes to defend them from the
Massaiconekes their mortall enemies. Fiue
of their chiefe JVerowances came aboord vs
and crossed the Bay in their Barge. The
picture of the greatest of them is signified
in the Mappe. The calfe of whose leg
was three quarters of a yard about, and all
the rest of his limbs so answerable to that
proportion, that he seemed the goodliest
man we ever beheld. His hayre, the one
side was long, the other shore close with
a ridge over hiscrowne like a cocks combe.
His arrowes were five quarters long,
headed with the splinters of a white chris-
tall, like stone, in forme of a heart, an inch
broad, and an inch and a halfe or more
long. These he wore in a Woolves skinne
at his backe for his Quiver, his bowe in
one hand and his elubbe in the other, as
described."
THE PICTURE OF THE OYANT,
It is a matter of regret that we can not
insert, in the JOURNAL, Capt. Smith's
picture of this original, genuine, Simon
pure, first seen and first described Penn
sylvania Indian, dressed and equipped as
set forth above, and drawn by him with a
pen while the savage was on his boat.—
Beneath his feet are the words : "The
Sasqucsahanoughs are a gyant like people
and thus atyred."
ANOTHER SKETCH OF THE SALVAGES,
The Tockwhoghs were a small tribe of
100 men on the eastern shore of the bay,
most probably of the Nanticoke family.
In speaking of them. in a narrative pre
pared by Bagnall, Powell, and Todkill,
three of Smith's companions, they relate
as follows :
"Many hatchets, knives, pieces of iron
and brass we saw among them, which they
reported to have from the Sasquesahanocks,
a mighty people and mortal enemies with
the Massawomeks. The Sasquesahanocks
inhabit upon the chief Spring [river] of
these four branches of the Bay's head, two
days higher than our barge could pass for
rocks, yet we prevailed with our interpreter
to take with him another interpreter, to
persuade the Sasquesahnocks to come visit
us for their languages are different. Three
or four days we expected their return,
then sixty of those giantlike people came
down with presents of venison, tobacco
pipes three feet in length, baskets, targets,
bowes and arrows. Five of their chief
Werowances came boldly aboard us to cross
the bay for Tockawough leaving their men
and canoes, the wind being so high they
durst not pass.
"Our order was daily to have prayer,
with a Psalm ; at which solemnity the
poor salvages much wondered. Our
prayers beingdone,awhile they were busied
with consultation till they had contrived
their business. Then they began in a
most passionate manner to hold up their
hands to the Sun with a most fearful song;
then embracing our captain [Smith] they
began to adore him in like manner; though
he rebuked them, yet they proceeded till
their song was finished, which done, with
a most strange furious action and a hellish
voice, they began an oration of their loves ;
that ended, with a great painted bear skin
they covered him ; then one ready with a
great chain of white beads, weighing at
least six or seven pounds, hung it about
his neck ; the others had 18 mantles, made
of divers sorts of skins sewed together; ail
these, with many other toys they laid at
his feet, stroking their ceremonious hands
about his neck for bis creation to be their
Governor and Protector, promising their
aid and food, or what they bad to be his,
if he would stay with them, to defend and
revenge them of the Massawomeks. But
we left them [the five chiefs] at Tockwhogh,
sorrowing for our departure, yet we prom
ised the next year again to visit them.
`..Many descriptions and discourses they
made us of Atquanachuck. Massawomeck,
and other people, signifying they [the
Massawomek - s] inhabit upon a great water
beyond the mountains, which we under
stood to be some great lake, on the river
of Oinada ; and that from the French
they have their hatchets and commodities
by trade. These [Sasquesahanocks] know
no more of the territories of Powhatan
than his name ; and he as little of them ;
but the Atquanachuks [Delawares are
on the Ocean Sea,"
YANWYDEM.
OF THE HURON.IROQUOIS FAMILY.
The discerning reader will at once ob
serve that these Sasquesahanoughs be
longed to the Huron-Iroquois family, and
had their peculiarities of speech, which in
a former article we described as destitute
of labials, making a succession of throat
sounds, which Smith says sounded "as a
voyce in a vault," and his men describe
as "a hellish voyce." The superiority of
these Sasquesahanoughs above the Pow
hatans and other tribes, with which Smith
had met, is clearly stated, and conforms to
the general established superiority of the
Huron-Iroquois tribes over the Algon
quins, and establishes a reason, why, from
the very beginning of European acquaint
ance, the inferior races, on the Hudson
and Delaware and sea coast, feared and
obeyed thew, or were tributary by con
quest or fur protection. Even in the ar
row heads, the Powhatans were inferior,
fbr Smith says: "Their arrows are made
of straight young sprigs, which they head
with bone some 2 or 3 inches long. Another
sort of' arrows they use are made of reeds.
These are pieced with wood, headed with
splinters of chrystal or some sharp stone,
the spurs of a turkey, or the bill of some
bird." This kind of workmanship con
trasts poorly with the neat splinters of
white, yellow and dark flint steel found all
over our country, cut heart shaped, which
are the workmanship of the Sasquehan•
nooks and other Irinrip...l .nparinr Arihm
which once lived on this river and its
branches.
THE MASSAWOMEKS WERE ERIE&
In a former article we made some re
marks concerning the Massawomeks, men
tioned by Capt. Smith. Since reading his
history of Virginia, and examining his
map, we will add a few words. Smith
says the Powhatans had "many euernieap
namely all their westerly Countries be
yond the mountains and the heads of the
rivers." Ile enumerates the Monacans
and Mannahoacs and their dependent
tribes. "Beyond the mountains from
whence is the head of the river littawant
eke, the Salvages [an old English form for
savages,] report inhabit their mcst mortal
enemies, the .4.lassairoinekes, upon a great
salt water, which by all likelihood is either
some part of Cannazia, some great lake,
or some inlet of some sea that falleth into
the South Sea. These Massawonzekes are
a great nation and very populous, for the
heads of all those rivers, especially the
Pattatcontekes, the .Pautuxuntes, the Sas
quesakano,:ks, the Teckwoughs are con
tinually tormented by them ; of whose
cruelty they generally complained ; and
very importunate they were with me and
my company to free them from these tor
mentors. To this purpose they offered
food, conduct, assistance and continual
subjection, which I concluded to effect,
but the Council then present emulating
my success, would not think it fit to spare
me forty men to be hazarded in those un
known regions, and so was lest that op
portunity. Seven boats full of these Mus
sawamekes we encountered at the head of
the bay, whose targets, baskets, swords,
tobacco pipes. platters bows, and every
thing, showed that they much exceeded
those of our parts, and their dexterity in
their small boats, made of the of
trees, sewed with bark and well luteu , ith
gum, argueth that they are seated upon
some great water."
These Massawo•nekes, met at the head
of the bay, had been at war with the Toek
woglies, and when last seen went up "Wil
lowbyes river" [Patapsco,] and the map
locates them on a lake directly west be
yond the mountains. After a careful ex
amination I have settled down in the con
viction that these were from the regions of
Lake Erie, and were of the Erie or Cat
Nation south of the lake named after them,
hence were not Iroquois, as claimed by
Bancroft, and others. The Eries were a
powerful nation, of the Huron Iroquois
family scarcely known to Europeans before
their extinction by the Iroquois, against
whom they once arrayed 2,000 men in bat
tle. The route of their war parties must
have been either by the Susquehanna, Ju
niata or Potomac—probably by the latter
and the Monongahela. Smith found the
western shore deserted from Patapsco up
wards, which was no doubt caused by the
incursions of the Massawomekes, who now
had even to cross the bay to find an enemy.
They could not have been Iroquois, for
they could not have passed through their
mortal enemies, on the Susqehanna river ;
not only the Sasque•a,hanoughs, but as we
shall show presently the Iroquois had at this
age other hostile nations, up the Susque
hanna river, living within the very borders
of New York State ; and being yet with
out fire arms such an expedition would
have been impossible.
THE MAI' AND TILE NAME.
For a great many years tbere were no
improvements made on Smith's Map. It
was copied extensively and by the Dutch
Swedes and French attached to their maps.
and it served as a model for other map
makers. For a long time there were no
explorations by the English into the limits
of Pennsylvania; but the inhabitants of
Virginia and Maryland, which began to
be settled in 1634, called all the Indians
up the bay and river by the name of Sas
quehannocks which was finally modified
into Susquehannas.
NO. 34.
( To be cwitinue(l.)