VOL. 49.
The Huntingdon Journal.
J. R. DUI:BORROW,
PUBLISHERS AND PROPRIETORS,
Office in lICIO JouRNAL Building, Fifth Street.
Tun lluzinNanos JollaNAL is published every
‘Vsdnesday, by J. lt. Dusteonnow and J. A. NASH,
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JOB PRINTING of every kind, in Plain and
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Professional Cards
AP. W. JOHNSTON, Surveyor and
• Civil Engineer, Huntingdon, Pa.
OFFICE: No. 113 Third Street. ang21,1372.
S. T. BROWN.
BROWN & BAILEY, Attorneys-at-
Law, Office 2.1 door east of First National
Bank. Prompt personal attention will be given
to all legal business entrusted to their care, and
to the collection and remittance of claims.
Jan. 7,71.
DR. 11. W. BUCIIA.NAN,
DENTIST,
No. 22S Hill Street,
HUNTINGDON, PA.
July 3,'72.
CALDWELL, Attorney -at -Law,
D•No. 111, 3d street. Office formerly occupied
by Messrs. Woods & Williamson. Lap 12,71.
DR. A. B. BRUMBAUGH, offers his
professional services to the community.
Office, No. 523 Washington street, ono door east
of the Catholic Parsonage. [jan.4,'7l.
EJ. GREENE, Dentist. Cam re
• moved to Loistor's new building, Hill street
rnutingdon
E. FLEMING, Attorney-at-Law,
K- 7 • Huntingdon, Pa, office 319 Penn street,
nearly opposite First National Bank. Prompt
v.n.l careful attention given to all legal business.
Aug.5,'74-6mos.
GEORGE D. BALLANTYNE, M. D.,
of Pi'Asburg, graduate of Bellevue Hospi
tal Medical College, offers his professional services
to the citizens of Huntingdon and vicinity. Offiee
927 Washington street, WestHuntingdon.
Ju1y22,1974-3mos.
L. ROBB, Dentist, office in S. T.
A-A • Brcwn's new building, No. 520, Hill St.,
Huntingdon, Pa. [apl2,'7l.
- 1.1 - C. MADDEN, Attorney-at-Law
-A--A-• Office, No. —, Hill street, Huntingdon,
Pa. [5p.19,11.
S. GEISSINGER, Attorney -at
L Law, Huntingdon, Pa. Office one doo
East of IL M. Speer's office. [Feb.s-1.
j FRANKLIN SCHOCK, Attorney
tfl • at-Law, Huntingdon, Ps. Prompt attention
given to all legal business. Office 229 Hill street,
corner of Court House Square. [dec.4,'72
SYLVANUS BLAIR, Attorney-at
c." • Law, Huntingdon, Pa. Office, Hill street,
hree doors west of Smith. [jan.4'7l.
It. DURBORROW, Attorney-at-
J• Law, Huntingdon, Pa., will practice in the
several Courts of Huntingdon county. Particular
attention given to the settlement of estates of dece
dents.
OEIO in he JOUUNAL Building. [feb.l,'7l
J W. MATTERN, Attorney-at-Law
cfl
• and General Claim Agent, Huntingdon, Pa.,
Soldiers' claims against the Government for back
pay, bounty, widows' and invalid pensions attend
ed to with great care and promptness.
Office on Hill street. Ljan.4,'7l.
K. ALLEN LoveLL
LOVELL & MUSSER,
Attorneys-at-Law,
Specii:l attention given to COLLECTIONS of all
kinds; to the settlement of ESTATES, &e. ; and
all other legal business prosecuted with fidelity and
dispatch. [nov6,'72
- IR A. ORI3ISON, Attorney-at-Law,
-A-v• Patents 9'utainad, Office, 321 Ilillstreet,
Huntingdon, Pa.
NVILLIAM A. FLEMING, Attorney
at-Law, Huntingdon, Pa. Special attention
given to collections, and all other isgal busineis
attcaded to with care and promptness. Office, No.
224, Hill street. [ap 1V,'71.
Hotels
JACKSON HOUSE
FOUR DOORS EAST OF THE UNION DEPOT,
HUNTINGDON, PA
A. B. ZEIGLER, Prop.
N0v12,'73-6ai
MORRISON HOUSE,
OPPOSITE PENNSYLVANIA A. It. DEPOT
HUNTINGDON, PA.
J. 11. CLOVER, Prop
April 5, 1571-Iy,
Miscellaneous
KROBLEY, Merchant Tailor, No.
• 813 Mifflin street, West Huntingdon,
Pa,., respectfully solicits a share of public pat
ronage from town and country. [0ct16,72
WM. WILLIAMS,
MANUFACTURER OF
MARBLE MANTLES, MONUMENTS.
HEADSTONES, &C.,
HUNTINGDON, PA
PLASTER PARIS CORNICES,
MOULDINGS. &C
ALSO SLATE MANTLES FURNISHED TO
ORDER.
Jan. 4, '7l.
2 50 CHOICE BUILDING LOTS
FOR SALE,
At $5O pe Lot—Three Year Payments !
These lots lie within 300 hundred yards of the
new school house in West Huntingdon; fronting 50
feet on Brady street and running back 150 feet to
s 20 foot alley.
Also, ground by the Acre, for building purposes,
for sale. Inquire of
E. C. SUMMERS
ilantingdon, Nov. 26,'73-Iy,
To the Senate and House of Representa
tives :
J. A. NASH,
Since the convening of Congress one
year ago the nation has undergone a pros
tration in business and industries such as
has not been witnessed with us fur many
years. Speculation as to the causes for
this prostration might be indulged in
without profit, because as many theories
would be advanced as there would be
independent writers—those who expressed
their own views, without borrowing, upon
the subject, without indulging in theories
as to cause of this prostration.
Therefore, I will call your attention
only to the fact, and to some plain ques
tions as to which it would seem there
should be no disagreement. During this
prostration two essential elements of pros
perity have been most abundant—labor
and capital. Both have been largely un
employed. Where security has been un
doubted, capital has been attainable at very
moderate rates. Where labor has been
wanted it has been thund in abundance, at
cheap rates, compared with what the ne
cessaries and comthrts of life could be
purchased with the wages demanded.
Two great elements of prosperity, there
fore, have not been denied us. A third
might be added, our soil, unequaled with
in the limits of any contiguous territory,
tinder one nation, for its variety of pro
ducts to feed and clothe a people, and in the
amount of surplus to spare to feed these
less favored people.
Therefore, with these facts in view, it
seems that wise statesmanship at this ses
sion of Congress would dictate legislation
ignoring the past, and directing in proper
channels these great elements of prosper
ity to any people. Debt abroad is the
only element that can, with always a saund
currency, enter into our affairs to cause
any continued depression in the industries
and prosperity of our people. A great
conflict for national existence made neces
sary for temporary purposes the raising of
large sums of money from whatever source
attainable. It made necessary in the wis•
dom of Congress, and I do not doubt their
wisdom in the premises regarding the
necessity of the times, to devise a system
of national currency which it proved to
be impossible to keep on a par with the
recognized currency of the civilized world.
This begot a spirit of speculation, ex
travac!aince and luxury not required for
the happiness or prosperity of a people,
and involving, both directly and indirect
ly, foreign indebtedness. The currency,
being of a fluctuating value, and therefore
unsafe to hold for legitimate transactions
requiring money, became a subject of spec
ulation in itself. These two causes, how
ever, have involved us in a foreign indebt
edness, contracted in good faith by bor
rower and lender, which should be paid in
coin and according to the bond agreed
upon when the debt was contracted—gold
or its equivalent. The good faith of the
Government • cannot be violated towards
its creditors without national disgrace.
"X's 36
bl 65
G 5 80
80 100
18 00
36
150 00
GO 00
J. M. BAILEY,
rjan.4,ll
Our commerce should be encouraged,
American ship building and carrying ca
pacity increased, foreign markets sought
for products of the soil and manufactories,
to the end that we may be able to pay
these debts. When a new market can be
created for the sale of our products, either
of the soil, the mine or the manufactory,
a new means is discovered of utilizing our
capital and labor, to the advantage of the
whole people.
But in n.y judgment, the first step to
wards accomplishing this object is to se
cure a currency food wherever civilization
reigns; one which, becoming superabund
ant with one people, will find a market
with some other; a currency which has as
its basis the labor necessary to produce it,
which will give to it its value. Gold and
silver are now the recognized mediums of
exchange the civilized world over, and to
this we should return with the least prac
ticable delay, in view, of the pledges of the
American Congress when our present legal
tender system was adopted.
There should be no delay, certainly no
unnecessary delay, in fixing by -legeslation
a method by which we will return to spe
cie. To the accomplishment of this I in
vite your special attention. I Hieve
firmly there can be no prosperous and per
manent revival of business and industries
until a policy is adopted, with legislation
to carry it out, looking to a return to a
specie basis.
It is easy to conceive that the debt and
speculative classes may think it of value
to them to make so-called money abun
dant until they can throw a portion of
their burdens on others, but even these
I believe would be disappointed in the re
salt, if a course should be pursued which
will keep in doubt the value of the legal
tender medium of exchange. A revival of
productive industry is needed by all class
es ; by none more than holders of proper
ty, of whatever sort, with debts to liquidate
fur realization upon its sale.
But admitting that these two classes of
citizens are to be benefited by expansion,
would it be honest to give it ? Would not
the general loss be too great to justify such
relief? Would it not be just as honest
and prudent to authorize each debtor to
issue his own legal tenders to the extent of
his liabilities ? Than to do this,'would it
not be safer, for fear of over issues by un
scrupulous creditors, to say that all debts
and obligations are obliterated in the Uni
ted States, and now we commerce anew,
each possessing all he has at the time free
from ineumbrance.
J. HALL MrSSER,
11U - STINGDON, P
Dnay3l,7l
These positions arc too absurd to be en
tertained for a moment by thinking or
honest people. Yet every delay in prepar
ation for final resumption partakes of this
dishonesty, and is only harmless in the
hope that a convenient time will at last
arrive for the good work of redeeming our
pledges to commerce. It will never come,
in my opinion, except by positive action
by Congress, or by national disasters ;
which will destroy, for a time at. least,
the credit of individuals and the State at
large.
A sound currency might be reached by
total bankruptcy and discredit of the in
tegrity of the nation and of individuals. I
believe it is the duty of Congress at this ses
sion to devise such legislation as will renew
confidence, revive indUstries, start us on a
career of prosperity to last for many years,
and to save the credit of the nation and of
the people. Steps towards the return to
a specie basis are great requisites to the de
voutly to be sought for end. There are
others which I may touch upon here
after.
A nation dealing in currency below
that of specie in value labors under two
great disadvantages: First, having no use
for the world's acknowledged mediums of
exchange—gold and silver—these are driv
en out of the country, because there is no
demand for their use. Second, the me
dium of exchange in use being of flucttia
ting value; for after all it is only worth
.•.
he untie don pJ ournale
Pres:dent's Message.
just what it will purchase of gold and sil
ver metals, having an intrinsic value just
in proportion to the honest labor it takes
to produce them. A larger margin must
be allowed for profit by the manufacturer
and producer. It is months from the date
of production to the date of realization.—
Interest upon capital must be charged,
and risk of fluctuation in the value of
that which is to be received in payment
added; hence high prices acting as a pro
tection to a foreign producer, who receives
nothing in exchange for the products of his
skill and labor except a currency good at
a staple value the world over.
It seems to me that nothing is clearer
than that the greater part of the burden
of the existing prostration, for the want
of a sound financial system, falls upon the
working man, who must, after all, pro
duce the wealth, and the salaried man who
superintends and conducts business. The
burden falls upon them in two ways.
First, by the deprivation of employment;
and second, by the decreased purchasing
power of their salaries. It is the duty of
Congress to devise a method of correcting
the evils which are acknowledged to exist,
and not mine ; but I will venture to sug
ge,t two or three things which seam to me
as absolutely necessary to a return to
specie payments—the first great requisite
in a return to prosperity..
The legal tender clause to the law au
thorizing the issue of currency by the Na
tional Government should be repealed, to
take effect as to all contracts entered into •
after a day fixed in the repealing act, not
to apply, however, to payment of salaries
by government or other expenditures now
provided by law to be paid in currency in
the interval pending between' the repeal
and final resumption.
Provision should be made by which the
Secretary of the Treasury can obtain gold
as it may become necessary, from time to
time, from the date when specie redemp
tion commences. To this might and should
be added a revenue sufficiently in excess
of expenses to insure an accumulation of
gold in the treasury to sustain redemption.
I commend this subject to your careful
consideration, believing. that a favorable
solution is attainable, and that if reached
by this Congress that the present and fu
ture generations will ever greatfully re
member it as their deliverer from a thral
dom of evil and disgrace. With resump
tion free banking may be authorized with
safety, giving full protection to bill hold
ers, which they have under existing laws.
Indeed I would regard free banking as
essential. It would give proper elasticity
to the currency. As more currency should
be required for the transaction of legiti
mate business, new banks would be started,
and in turn banks would wind up their
business when it was found that there was
a superabundance of currency. The ex
perience and judgment of the people can
best decide just how much currency is re
quired for the transaction of the business
of the country. It is unsafe to leave the
settlement of this question to Congress,
the Secretary of the Treasury or to the
Executive. Congress should make the
regulation under which banks may exist,
but should not make banking a um Inpoly
by limiting the amount of redeemable pa
per currency that -shall be authorized.
Such importance do I attach to this sub
ject, and so earnestly do I commend it to
your attention, that I give it prominence
by introducing it at the beginning of this
message.
During the past year nothing has oc
curred to disturb the general friendly and
cordial relations of the United States with
other powers. The correspondence sub
mitted herewith between this government
and its diplomatic representatives, as also
with the representatives of other countries,
shows a satisfactory condition of all ques
tions between the United States and
the most of these countries, and with few
exceptions, to which reference is hereafter
made, the absence of any points of differ
once to be adjusted. The notice directed
by the resolution of Congress of June 17,
1874, to be given to terminate the con
vention of July the 17th, 1858, between
the United States and Belgium, has been
given, and the treaty will accordingly ter
minate on the Ist day of July, 1875.
_
This convention secured to certain Bel
gium vessels entering the p-irts of the
United States exceptional privileges which
are not accorded to our own vessels.
Other features of the convention have
proved satisfactory, an.] have tended to
the cultivation of mutually beneficial com
mercial intercourse and friendly relations
between the two countries. I hope that
negotiations which have been invited will
result in the celebration of another treaty
which may tend to the interest of both
coun tries
Our relations with China continue to be
friendly. During the past year the fear
of hostilities between China and Japan.
growing out of the landing of an armed
force upon the island of Formossa b the
latter, has occasioned uneasiness. It is
earnestly hoped, however, that the diffi
culties arising from this cause will be ad
justed, and that the advance of civilization
in these empires may not be retarded by a
state of war. In consequence of the part
taken by certain citizens of the United
States in this expedition, our representa
tives in these. countries have been instruc
ted to impress upon the governments of
China and Japan the firm intention of this
country to maintain strict neutrality in
the event of hostilities, and to 4refully
prevent any infraction of law on the part
of our citizens in eon nee ti o n with this
subject. I call the attention of Congress
to a generally conceded fact, that the
great proportion of the Chinese immigrants
who have come to our shores do - not come
voluntarily to make their homes with us
and their labor productive of general pros
perity, but come under contract with head
men, who own them almost absolutely.
In a worse form does this apply to Chi
nese women. Hardly a percentage of them
perform any honorab:e labor, but they are
brought for shameful purposes to the dis
grace of the communities where settled
and to the great demoralization of the
youth of those localities. If this evil
practice can be legislated 'against it will
be my pleasure, as well as duty, to enforce
any regulation to secure so desirable an
end.
It is hoped that negotiations between
the Government of Japan and the treaty
powers looking to the further opening of
the empire and to the revisit of various
restrictions upon trade and travel may
soon produce the result desired, which
cannot fail to enure to the benefit of all
parties. Having on previous occasions
submitted to the consideration of Congress
the propriety of the release of the Japanese
Government from the further payment of
the indemnity under the convention of
October 22, 1864, and no action had been
taken thereon, it became my duty to regard
the obligations of the convention as in
force, and as the other powers interested
HUNTINGDON, PA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1874.
had received their proportion of the in
demnity in full, the Minister of the United
States in Japan has, in behalf' of this gov
ernment, received the remainder of the
amount due to the United States under
the convention of Simonoseki.
I submit the propriety of applying the
income of a part, if not of' the whole of this
fund, to the education in the Japanese
language of a number of young men, to be
under obligations to serve the government
for a specified time as interpreters at the
legation and the consulates in Japan. A
limited number of Japanese youths might
at the same time be educated in our owu
vernacular, and mutual benefits would re
sult to both governments.
The importance of having our own citi
zens competent and familiar with the lan
guage of Japan, and to act as interpreters
and in other capacities connected with
the Legation and the Consulates in that
country, cannot readily be overestimated.
The amount awarded to the Govern
ment of Great Britain by the mixed com
mission organized under the provisions of
the Treaty of Washington, in the settle
ment of claims of British subjects arising
from acts committted between April 13,
1861, and April 9. 18G5, became payable.
under the terms of the treaty, within the
past year, and was paid upon the 21st day
of Se2tember, 1574.
In this connection I renew my recom
mendation made at the opening of the last
session of Congress that an especial court
be created to hear and determine all claims
of aliens against the United States, aris
ing from acts committed against their per
sons and property during the insurrection.
It appears equitable that opportunity
should be offered to citizens of other States
to present their claims as well us to thoso
British subjects, whose claims were not
admissible under the late commission, to
the fin.] decision of some competent tri
bunal.
T. this end I recommend the necessary
legislation to organize a court to dispose
of all claims of aliens of the nature refer.
red to in an equitable and satisfactory
manner, and to relieve Congress and the
departments from the consideration of
these questions. The legislation necessary
to extend to the colony of New Foundland
certain articles of the treaty of Washing
ton of the Bth day of May, 1874, having
been had, a protocol to that effect was
signed, in behalf of the United States and
of Great Britain, on the 28th day of May
last, and was duly proclaimed on the fol
lowing day. A copy of the proclamation
is submitted herewith.
A copy of the report of the commis
sioner appointed under the act of March
19, 1872, fir surveying and marking the
boundry between the United States and
the British possessions, from the Lake of
the Woods to the summit of the Rocky
mountains, is herewith transmitted. lam
happy to announce that the field work of
the commissioner has been completed, and
the entire line, from the northwest corner
of the Lake of the Woods to the summit
of the Rocky mountains, has been run and
marked upon the surface of the earth. It
is believed that the amount remaining un•
expended of the appropriation made at the
last session of Congress will be sufficient
to complete the office work.
I recommed that the authority of Con
gress be given to the use of the unexpen
ded appropriation in the completion of
the work of the commission in making and
preparing the necessary mars. The court
known as the court of commissioners of
Alabama claims, created by an act of Con
gress of the last session, has organized and
commenced its work, and it is to be hoped
that the claims admissible under the pro
visions of the act may be speedily ascer
tained and paid. It has been deemed ad
visable to exercise the discretion confer.
red upon the executive at the last session,
by accepting the conditions required by
the government of Turkey for the privi
lege of allowing citizens of the United
States to hold real estate in the former
country, and by assenting to a certain
change of jurisdiction of the court in
question. A copy of the proclamation on
these subjects is herewith communicated-
There has been no material change in
our relations with the independent States
of this hemisphere, which were formerly
under the dominion of Spain. Marauders
on the frontier, between Mexico and Tex•
as, will frequently take place, despite the
vigilance of the civil and military author•
itics in that quarter.
The difficulty of checking such trespasses
along the course of a river of such length
as the Rio Grande, and so often fordable,
is obvious. It is hoped that the efforts of
the Government will be seconded by those
of Mexico to the effectual suppression of
wrong.
From a report upon the condition of
the business before the American and
Mexican Joint Claims Commission, wade
by the agent on the part of the United
States, and dated Octorber 28, 1874, it
appears that of the 1017 claims, filed on
the part of citizens of the United States,
four hundred and eighty three had been
finally decided, and seventy-five were in
the hands of the umpire, leaving four
hundred and sixty-two to be disposed of,
and of the nine hundred and ninety.eight
claims filed against the United States. sev
en hundred and twenty-six bad been.final
ly decided, one was before the umpire,
and two hundred and seventy-one remain
ed to be disposed of. Since the date of
such report, other claims have been dis
posed of; reducing somewhat the number
still pending, and others have been passed
upon by the arbitrators. It has become
apparent, in view of these figures, and of
the fact that the work devolving on the
umpire is particularly laborious, that the
commission would be unable to dispose of
the entire number of claims pending prior
to the first day of February, 1875, the
date fixed for its expiration. Negotiations
are pending looking to the securing of the
results of the decisions which have been
reached, and to a further extension of the
commission for a limited time, which it is
confidently hoped will suffice to bring all
the business now before it to a final close.
The strife in the Argentine Republic is
to be deplored, both on account of the
parties thereto, arid from the probable el
fects on the interests of those engaged in
the trade to that quarter, of whom the
United States arc among the principal.
As yet, so far as I aui aware, there has
been no violation of our neutrality rights,
which as well as our duties in that respect
it shall be my endeavor to maintain and
observe. It is with regret I announce that
no further payment has been received from
the government of Venezuela on account
of awards in favor of citizens of the United
States. Hopes have belt] entertained that
if that Republic could escape both foreign
and civil war for a few years, its great
natural resources would enable it to honor
its obligation. Though it is now under
stood to be at peace with other countries,
a serious insurrection is reported to be in
progress in an important region of that
Republic. This may be taken advantage
of as another reason to delay the payment
of the loss of our citizens.
The deplorable strife in Cuba continues
without any marked change in the rela
tive advantages of contingent forces: - The
insurrection con tinue.4, but. Spain has gain
ed no superiority. Six years of strife give
the insurrection a significance which can
not in denied. Its duration and the te
nacity of its advance together with the ab
sence of manifested power of suppression
on the part of Spain cannot be controver
ted, and may make some positive steps on
the part of other powers a matter of self
necessity.
I had confidently hoped at this time to
he able to announce the arrangement of
sonic of the important questions between
this Government and that of Spain, but
the negotiations have been protracted.
The unhappy intestine dissensions of Span
command our profound sympathy, and
must be accepted as perhaps a cause of
some delay. Au early settlement in part,
at least, of the questions between the gov
ernments is hoped for. In the meantime,
awaiting the results of immediately pend
ing negotiations, I defer a future and ful
ler communication on the subject of the
relations of this country and Spain.
I have again to call the attention of
Congress to the unsatisthctory condition
of the existing laws with reference to ex
patriation and the election of nationality.
Formerly, amid conflicting opinons and
decisions, it was difficult to exactly deter
mine how far the doctrine of perpetual al
legiance was applicable to citizens of the
United States. Congress, by the act of
the 27th of July, 1568, asserted the ab•
stract right of expatriation as a fundamen
tal principle of this Government. Not
withstanding which assertion, and the ne•
cessity of a formal application of the prin
ciple, no lezislation has been bad defining
what acts or formalities shall work ex
patriation, or when a citizen shall be deem
ed to have renounced or to have lost his
citizenship.
The importance of such definiTion is ob
vious. The representatives of the United
States in foreign countries are continually
called upon to lend their aid and the pro-
tection of the United States government
to persons, concerning the good faith or
the reality of whose citizenship there is at
least a question. In some cases the pro
visions of the treaties furnish some guide.
In others it seems as if left to the person '
claiming the benefit of citizenship, while
living in a foreign country, contributing
in no manner to the performance of the
duties of a citizen of the United States,
and without intention at any time to re•
turn and undertake those duties.
To use the claims of citizenship of the
United States simply as a shield from
performance of the obligations of a citizen
elsewhere, the states of children born of
American parents residing in a forei.;. , :n
country, of American women who have
been married to aliens, of American citi
zens residirr.4 abroad, where such question
is not regulated by treaty, are all ques
tions of frequent difficulty and discussion.
Legislation on these and similar questions
and particularly defining when, and under
what circumstances, expatriation eau be
accomplished, it is to be presumed is es
pecially needed in this connection.
I earnestly call the attention of Con
gress to the difficulties arising from fraud
ulent naturalization. The United States
wisely, freely and liberally offers its citi
zenship to all who may come in good faith
to reside within its limits, on their com
plying with certain prescribed reasonable
and simple formalities and conditions
Among the highest duties of the govern
ment is that to afford uniform, efficient
and equal protection to All its citizens,
whether naturalized or native born. Care
should be taken that a right, carrying with
it such support from the government.
should not be fraudulently obtained and
should be bestowed only upon full proof of
a compliance with the law, and yet there
are frequent instances of illegal and fraud
ulent naturalization and of the unauthori
zed use of certificates thus improperly ob
tained.
In some cases the fraudulent character
of the naturalization has appeared upon
the face of the certificate itself; in others
examination discloses that the holder had
not complied with the law, and in others
certificates have been obtained where the
persons holding them not only were not
entitled to be naturalized, but had not
even been within the United States at the
time of the pretended naturalization. In
stances of each of these classes of fraud
are discovered at our legations, where the
certificates of naturalization are presented
either for the purpose of obtaining pass
ports or iu demanding the protection of
the legation. When the fraud is apparent
on the face of such certificates they are
taken up by the representatives of the
Government and forwarded to the Depart
ment of State, but even then the record
of the port in which the fraudulent natu
ralization occurred remains, and duplicate
certificates are readily attainable upon the
presentation of these for the issue of pass
ports; or in demanding protection of the
Government.
The fraud sometimes escapes notice, and
such certificates are not ur.frequently used
in transactions of business to the deception
and injury of innocent parties. Without
placing any additional obstruction in the
way of the obtainment of citizenship by the
worthy and well intentioned foreigner,
who comes in !rsod faith to cast his lot
with outs, I earnestly recommend further
legislation to punish fraudulent naturali
zation and to secure the ready cancellation
of the record or every naturalization made
in fraud.
Since my last annual message the ex
change has been wade of the ratification
of treaties of extradition with Belgium,
Eequador, Peru and Salvador. Also, of a
treaty of commerce and navigation with
Peru, and one of commerc,l and consular
privil?ges with Salvador. All of which
have been duly proclaimed, as also a de
claration with Russia with reference to
trade marks.
Th.? report of the Secretary of the
Treasury, which is made directly to Con
gress, and forms no part of this message,
will show the receipts and expenditures of
the Government fir the last fi,eal year, the
amount received from each source of reve•
one, and the amount paid out for each of
the departments of the Government. It
will be observed from this report that the
amount of receipts over expenditures has
been but $2,344,822 for the fiscal year
endin; June 30. 1874, and that for the
current fiscal year the estimated receipts
over expenditures will not much exceed
$9,000.000.
In view of the large Nations) debt ex
isting, and the obligations to add one per
cent. per annum to the Sinking Fund, a
sum amounting to,now over $300,000 per
annum. I submit whether revenues should
nut be increa , :d expcn . ditures diminish
ed to reach this amount of gurpleS. Not
to provide for the; Sinkina Fund is a par
tial faiiure to eompiy v;ith the eontracts
and u'oligaticos of the government. At the
last session of Cowzre::.: very c.insiderable
reduction was made in rates a taxation
and in the number of articles submitted
to taxation.
The question may well be asked whether
or hot, in some iestanee.. this was unwise.
In connection with Clis si;bject, too. it is
found that the means of e.)ll,Tting, the
revenue, especially from importe, have
ken ea embarrassed by legislation as to
make it questionable whether or not large
amounts are not lost by failure to collect,
to the direct loss of the Treeetry and to
the prejudice of the intere-ts of honest
importers awl taxpayers. The Secretary
of the Treasury, in his report, favors
isletiou I iekin ; ..; to an early return to spe
cie payments, thus supporting views pre
eieusly expressed in this massage. li e
also recommends economy in appropria
tions, calls attention to the less of revenue
from repealing the tax on tart and e ,fee
without benefit to the con-umer, ree•m
mends ;in increase of tett cents a gilion ()a
whisky, and further, that n modifieation
be made in the banking awl form, bid
passed at the last session of Congress, un
less a ir e ion should become necessary
by reason of the adoption of measures fur
returning to specie payment.. In those
recommendations I cordially join.
I would suggest to Cooeress the propri
ety of readjusting the tariff so as to in
crease the revenue, and at the same tinse
decrease the number of articles upon which
duties are levied, because articles white
are not producer! at home it seems to me
should 1.. e admitted free. Those articles
of manufacture which we produce a con
stituent part of. but do not produce the
whole, that part which we do not produce
should enter free. Also, I will instance
fine wool dyes, &c. These articles must
be imported to form a part of the mann
facture of the higher grade of woolen
goods. Chemicals, used as dyes, com
pounded in medicines and used in various
ways in manufacture, come under - this
clause. The introduction, free of duty.
of such woof: es we do not produce should
stimulate the manufacture of goods re:fair
ing the use of those we do produce and
therefore would be a benefit to home pro
duction. There are many ankles entering
into home maaefacteres which we (I) net
produce ourselves, the tariff upon whi.-h
increases the cost of producing the mana
floured article. All corrections in this
regard are in the direction of bringing
labor and capital in harmony with each
other, and of supplying one of she ele
ments of prosperity so much needed.
The report of the Secretary of War.
herewith attached, and forming a part of
this message, gives all the iufurmation
concerning the operations. wants and ne
cessities of the army, and contains many
suggestions and recommendations which I
commend to your special attention. There
is no class of Government employees who
are harder worked than the army officers
and men ; none who perform their tasks
more cheerfully and efficiently, and tinder
circumstances of greater privations and
hardships. Legislatien is desirable to
render mere efficient this branch ..f the
public service. All the recommendations
of the Secretary of War I regard as judi
cious, and I especially commend to your
attention the following:
The consolidation of government arsen
als, the restoration of mileage to '3Z-errs •
traveling under orders; the exemption or
money received from the sale of subsistence
stores from being covered into the treasu
ry; the use of appropriatkus fur the pur
chase of subsistence stores without waiting
for the beginning of the fiscal year fer
which the appropriation is made ; for ad
dit.ional appropriations for the c. I:eetiun
of torpedo material; fir increased appre
priationf fer the manufacture of arms; for
relieving the various States from indebt
edness for arms charged to them during
the Rebellion ; fur dropping officers from
the rolls of the army without trial ; fur
,the offense of drawing pay more than once
for the same period; for the discourage
ment of the plan to paying soldiers by
checks, and for the establishment of a pro
fessorship of rhetoric and English litera
ture at West Point. The reasons for these
recommendations are obvious and are set
forth sufficiently in the report attached.
I also recommend that the status of the
staff corps of the army be fixed where this
has not already been done, so that promo
tions may be made and vacancies filled, as
they occur, in each grade when reduced
below the number to be fixed by law. The
necessity for such legislation is specially
felt now in the pay department, the am
ber of 'Acme' in that deportment being
below the number adequate to the per
formance of the duties required of them
by law.
The efficiency of the navy his barn
largely increased (luting the last year, an•
der the impulse of the foreign cniuplica.
tions which threatened us at the com
mencement of the last session of Congres4.
Most of our efficient wooden ships were
put in c)ndition for immediate service,
and the repairs of our iron clad fl , et were
pushed with the utmost vigor. The result
is that moat ef these aro now in an (like
tive state, and need only to be manned
and put in commission to ;;.o at once into
service.
Some of the ncs sloop, authorized be
Congress, aro already in columissioo, stud
most of the remainder arc lannelicd, and
only wait the completi.rn or their ma
chinery to enable them to take tl:!''r place
as part of our effective force. Ts. iron
torpedo ships have been cotnplited during
the last year, anal four of our 1urg,..1 double
turreted iron clads are now under7oing
repairi.
When these are fini , ,Led, everything
that is useful of our navy-, :IA now authori
zeal, will be in condition for service, and
with the advance in the science of torpe to
warfare in the American navy, compara
tively small as it, is. will be found, at any
time, sufficiently powerful for the parp)sei
of a peaceful nation.
much has also been accoznp:i4tel during
the year in aid of science, and to increase
the sum of general knowledge, and further
the interests of comuiel.ce and civilization.
Extensive and much needcd soundings
have been made for hydrographie purpo
ses, and to fix the proper routes ~f ocean
telegraphs. Further surveys of the Great
Isthmus have been undertaken tend com
pleted, and two vessels of the navy are now
employed, in conjunction with those of
England, France, Germany and Russia, is
observations connected with the transit of
Venus—interesting to the scientific
The estimates for this branch or public
service do not differ materially from those
of last year, those fir the general support
of the service being somewhat less, and
those for permanent improvements at the
varbus stations rather larger than the cur•
rest. nility; cst luta e male a year ax' The
regular nriintenan..e :mil a sr.-.ay ineromm
in the, etlicieney of this most important
arm, in pr"portion to the growth of oar
maritime intercourse and inters**. is n
rommen.led to the attention of ronrrom.
The rise of the navy in time of pewee
mizht limiter he utilised by a direct an
thorizati .n the employment of naval
Teasels in explorations and inrveys of :he
nationalities on this Continent ; morel illy
the tributaries of the two Zre-li mere of
South America—the Oronoe, and the
Amazon. ,1-nhing prever.ts. un.ter ex,t
ing laws. such explorations. ezecpt. :Mat
expenditures must be made to rue* cape
ditinns beyond those tasually provided Cr
in the appropriations. The fold degiirom
te,l is unquestionably one of interava sod
oue Large aevel.opment of commercial
interests. 3 , 17antag.4,35. the roplms
reached. am , ' to the - 41 who may
relotiors with them.
or t'e peurple entier I rs
crei,4.• ti.tht ni franrh4e, i 3 re.w.10,11
as zerp•ral yr wperity •Tqfri"
when.. and tepecti:iy rionbliro. atbeee
both 42 , 1.1enti.,n qt. rrevi.r:s 4e."
nfA oatPr into arortnt in ;:ivizrz sulfrro
Nest t•, the, pui•Vie wh.,o:, the isietotliee is
the iue.it a•.:,•nt ',inciting oven.. eve rt..*
trrrit,ry. rie rapidity w . :01 Iriveh noir
rteti..nl are b•-in; witle-1, this iner.-.rins
the carrying .1 mails ins more rapid ratio
t kin :Iv., ap..t A-wow
r,port of Co- li.stnissacr
h• rrwit!s at chcl, shows that theta wan
an inere-.14., of revenue in his Npartaanat
in 13:3 otter the previous pair 1111.61-1.-
411, and an memos, ei4t earrying tlae
mai:s payin l pinploirvs ni lin.oll.
46 4 .91. Th. ~.r . rt of the l'osriapst-r
Gener.il give* interestia4 statistics of his
D , .. , partnient, awl compare* thaw with the
eorreliondinr. statistics err oa* jots' ark
shnwiiir, a growth in evory briaela a the
Deportment. A postal convention hag been
con , tlude , l with New South Wales. an el
chanr,e of po.tal cards established with
Switter!and. awl the isszntiation• pending
for Seven{ y _mars with Francs Irtive!..ewl•
aterl in n ennrentinn with that etatatry.
iv,at into effon !as.. Anna.
An Intern:Pi ,nal Postal resstrwig wax
cGnverteci in Berne. Switserlaini. In 4.p
-tetnber i3rt. at whir b the Unitevl
W:)s represented by to niter of the Poe&
,ffiee Departnpnit of nanrh esperienee and
of rytaliEcati,,n fir ;be pyeitii.o. A ears
venti.m f.r the entaLliPboarnt of an Inter-
national Postal Unios woe arti•tkl Ira
3ncl by tlt.e dleleptes of the e,,,sis
trieA rt , prelentt.A. inflect tq the spprovai
,X pr.,per anthoritkas oi thooe eons
trieJ.
I rev:fretfitlly direct your attention to
the v.-port or the Pontotavter General. and
hi. 4 itt.:4:',4ti ins in regard t. an equita
ble adju.4t tnent of tke question of ensapins
sation to raiiroa(k fir tarrying tke intik
wiil irwen to the
unsettled condition of Ahem in anin! of
the ! , loothem S!at.,s. On the Ikb of llvp
tetrilrr la.-t tke Governor of Lesions.
miktl up.n n e as provided by that Cos
:mite:ion and lawa of the routed State., to
ai.i in Puppre.nin.4 .I.intenic violence in
that State. Tivig call W 44 11113. k, in Ti 46111
of a proclautat:on liaised co Iltat •Lay by
D. C. Penn. e6irning Ilia' ke wao4o.eektd.
Lieutenant Governor in 1.472:. and (Panne::
upon the miti!ia ..f the It/:ate to Inn. as
sluibt.e and drive fern power the soup
cr... a.: h.: design.st.:il the niter. of tint
State 4i..:crnruen S.
On the next day i ieneri my pr wlantti
e quinnnding. the ie<trirkuste
perie within sve 11174 rr , ra the date there
of, and suLset t uently learned that nos tbat
day they hid taken fiwcll,l4/ rewire°. er
the Stnte Hons.. St..ps wPft rebels by
me t., support the, existinz and r•-eegnised
State g:.cernmen!, but berere the espira
ti. , n uf the five days the isiourvicti.,3ary
movement wa pm:tic24 abna.insel 2114
tb Seer; of the St-ste goreremens. orth
ime mi , orr eye:l)6 , n*. rz•sitisewl their
p MCI'S and duties.
th it the ?::-Kent Mate 34.
ministration Loon.i.airs has br n rhtv
only government in that :3t are for neirly
17) ye in. that it has been !witty nektons/i.
et1 7 4e,1 and narairscvi in 71 siseh of ('.llll
grey. and more than one* expressly roam
niz,l F.c me, I r,z4r.le-± it zs ory eller
duty, whun opm foe :be
purp).e, t., prevest its ov•rthrisr by MB
annel mob under prestos: of fraud mod
irre7nlarity in the eieetio• 4 1:471_
I have heretofore att.d the attentims
Congress to this subject, statist that is
account of the frauds awl forgeries ePue
mitted at said election, sad became .t ap
pears that the returns thereof wet* sever
leg ally canvamecol, it was ittereeibht to tell
thereby who was chosen_ his from the
best 7.oorees of in Cwiaatioe at my empeseeml
I hare always believed tie peewee ;lute
officer-4 ree...ivel a as jot.- t y of the k•-421
vote.; actually cast at that demos
I repeat What I said in sty !reit! mow
5.3:::e of February 23. 19T3, that is the
event of no action by Cosvems I meet
cintinse to reeve:mite the ratersamest
heretofore recotnised by me. I revet
to siy that with preparatiest for the kite
election. decided indieatioos appeared is
ainie localitici in :•ovithern antes ors ie
termination, by 3413 of •101ifee 2114 intim
idation, to deprive eitOrse a the freedom
of the ballot beeavie of their pniitical
,pinion. Band. of teen, staelted esti
armed, made their appraiser". White
I...agues and other speietie, were formed_
Large printities or arms and animinitios
were in portel and ilistributed to these
wi:11 menieinz -lensolo
stratioss, were held. awl with Ail &bees
mur..lern •mough were entannittri to .preid
terror among thaw *hone pnlitieal taint
w;ss to be suppre.oml if le/visible by awes
inti,lerant an.l eriwia,l prweethoge. In
4.1111.! plters labor:•re were compel!
ed t, vote aceortliw.; :o the wishes of their
employer.. nailer threAti. of ismotarie if
they aet,,l ntherwi.n. And there are bye
many imennee. in whirl. when Atm
throats were til.rewirJed, the, waft PlP
ese,ratell by the.. who mai,
them.
I uisilerst in I that the Vitioeuth
meat to the Constitution was maills a. Fn.
rent this and a like state things, alma
the act of Miy 31, 1 4 70, witb etnenti
meat& wrs i4soeil entire* its pavilions.
the object of both heist% bs prowsuesse
all citiz , ns the rizitt t tete and to pm.
tect them in the tree esjoymest shut
right. enjoined by the Constitution, rad
to take care that the laws he foidifelly
eiente4.
Convinced by undoubted "'idiom thee
violation of a n d set bad bees eneetwieled.
and that a widespr,nd and Sweet item
hard of it was eoatezephateti, the prep"
nliteers were inetroeted to proileeetei the
°lenders, and tromps were statiowed as sue-
Tiniest points is aid them adieu% d lie
eessary, in the perform:taro of their sidkimel
duties. (7onephiints are inn+. If this :41-
lerreresee bat if
amid sairediresa amid sea 4, yr.* privide fir
murk interfevastir under die •-tignmoriemammum
se Ant* stoat dime Airy ape iridium
sesising. boat ffft oast Aso Os irbier
scheme el reload aftimillisuma is
wors• ?hasp iismitery 104 NI& brew elm
a Ma*
Pessibly ravel 's& way fed s 4.2.1.
trod 364 js as yourertsam. by 11111111111110 .ar
a alriaPtS.T ter insoisor
a. • - 4.wved aiirmist Apr poirsissi pawn.
air its- mr ghstbst the , rarst• tom(
s - m - an•srvilairani frr lb* er•-airme.
The irh.-kt eessber ',woo i. tis
Amore 4 Leteisiesa. hwwvis rani.
Aeeth rarefies, :I.rth rateeue. Low
nerhy. Tmettem.e. Arkeseek
Wary!aisii aawi iriviviele as &ninee sf
sierti‘n. wows tin nig oetbreere the
:Aerie..2 4 all air aro fi the We
-1111" tut the rffair 4
Anna.'r trweihs `!!tom is hotrasso
Arne-:' , pf the rwestitweiret dais Adele
*bleb eve 24idedl ie 141111. mil ere the
• ...T.l 4 ...it. iry redrew Ad "oft
it war 4
ii.•• 4 t_o-..4 stn, ramp. media
that Were sort saeraireenee prepeed de
the r-estieseses shell henna' 2 pore then".
er *aysitai 1r 'rant by taR2 semomeeive
Aaingsblist, sod map. by • imidiriei 4
Ow domes 4 the State stttiitf tbrente.
Os the lith 1 . y. Ufa the reseemer
deeir.eo4 se mitts tessiwit 4 the riiiissad
Asse-ehly 4 s Soar. shirk to the 1
if the emoreemelb. /.reel De are poswiraeir
tries a serventimie es fewest a swe cwastiett
ties to t he att& sad se se •lislies
held est the /*eh .4 Jeer eme
eeties wee //mowed sod Adelpeep eery
.4422, thews,. irts• by *h
if hew J.ll sea wssw i s vow seemeire
'is* the srlssdid. *bash perriare fir
the 'torsion et OM swim deur tee tot
elierrit is a eemseer eentiorp to do els
'dieting Aeries isles 4 *a Ikea
Os tie fig/ 4 Moos r. WA. toles Pri
etitutise, se theme preetthell OUP Isimiot
red !), the fir doeir appreevi w
tsje lies!. sent assisfors sw so* ellostios
were*. i srzapesevell by leer emptety
thmet oar thereto ; aid as
ii 44, wimPlgen rrarlip• *we
all the State. mei eseendlip
hoes.
.-ieeted 11:3
term 4 few yews lesA
to Ito. ilk -3 isvPirr the Isom
Coast ittiti. IP. sierempee der Ligessemet
3!,n .60,9•1 at 1 4 71. 51. s e.rfa
4 fear p-ar.. efamilivir Sr ail sr Noweelirr.
iorialieveg bat ttiidraelmorwors 1 p wig.*
die ere 17 megitieine - see no& mei a ogig
get 4 ...Seer,
{erred. errs egernesetiertime-
A. illegal Ind vela, natal wpm ap.
prneiiird is «ewAis 1. nitirri.. I "fir et.•-
o-ax... to i pe. rare the *aft wan 4.
=Estes virtiesee.
Am f.tweirrows • werievitiorg am
poirerind Arm. 4 .1 rbsomor. I boor 4r
efiood or iscarrer.. The •1646 rubloro
qsarreise livarrforrogoo Irishanew wf
Atter ri reposomor to polio eproires or is
forforig 4 draw wile from, **Or revile ota
Britt soot by owl m sorb orronisi.*.
sod en Ilia , sr Moor whir wee ihroro.—
rein.. more Awl" re Oho air 4 h a.
rocit roorriorroor broroom swim. 'bob
dbe law to romport N. R irosoboamooll srlb.
rot
I denies. thence's.. ties 20 sioseity
ii. sties is Wei Abbe soy bo
clone wocieereinry sal SWIM I aerie.
the seteetion. net a Culliplin itss 1 she
pole of the r wised Some le sly elms
sari !4. 4 dim snlinmy ireesimes
Is there wee s ilopindlien as sumo silt 1.4
mem ry IMMO, aid that /0111-
. er bortede amok ••• *brit dhow
skit pew ...ti be aroma to s we.-
met cwt.; of aim it rig* sea to rebus
kin= etionx, end ff siolie paw agilbwr
itier paenialieir it. s boiler ergo if 1i.4
iox week& be imeolit ned. area the evener
ace iseelii bee» Am plume .kiwi
lea re t: : 4, 3.1•0 frees sisiimmil so vegoeler.
:!sear P.-45 , ionorptit Areire. 1 Woe, wt
the part if net eitisme tie Seenbere
st.aora, dee brine' if dbese. there le s afro
petition to loin abefant sod to
!mew. eelincebeele me Da that ;air.
esintisc
Bet 1. Ant le risks to *grim The
exists.* visiowir sad tie.
Stoeseett to eouslisalica fieifiegel ere
pubis& web their pousease feadies.
sod Inlaid do all we ley pewee tat wire
dine seltanwieisinq vibes an sew mow
they bane hal on* trying aneeee
easece ba hoe sari.! 'miry egrussier.
ems ime the sop mosseiss fate sonismil
improdesmeasst ode giving %weft aped to
tie lhordiaire ilereent
ire es diary preeleion Acienoler. .re
ticely irrropmerlie Le tbs. einision '
They menet Violence bee how ienneeee
in mete lamiitigo. Ime dither beim ;zo
nal.. de lesied by drift what ceebll bore
pret.oeerl te.
Tyre :base? 4 slave rassaal tiro dhow
:0 4.: on rinber iaserfemart is tip pen
4 'he. rmairsi Irieree-simpst t• Immes•Ares
isr•• vigil, • *awe vii•rop rho Sow as
ilt.ntsee foil se givo pmapielos The i• $
cries usieses. While I wousuie Irammise•
an the Laws of Ceurpee. mei the peseeieene
4 she r onsismiesp, sivehmifias :be re-e-sa
amosillaists said tiorer• otit 1. -eirakil
Irish vitrw witb fern 'bee awl Amid
itaee astetaft est pot dor iamb err lieseeillear
astir rgt pateeva. Les :beer be Starr
She isiressise ~ f .1140beirs isetiken. tie
sibatesere el Loth .se se '4444 'mew"
die biseet. frithlrell stspory. 4 -
res. ONIMINIMPieIf the wrimig aphodlia..
the right. awl ail Ow wait Moir;
*swum Exaasi4se rho swim wow rho
Repairsaasi tiai.e lawsrsistm hos imam Ivo
friss& at 4 ;has posy- YU" is via
clime ~es dew appw.ww. mos loom.. %.•
avow wish the spot riespe. d *Why
vitae* farms prank has sow, taw
Mali. 31 .a rappaP4 raa
ia a aseas 41slooste
orJ-
Trrat tho swim se a eis.ass sod s alsww,
as ha aaml ems ramima, and twos poseira
will be &Hit wit ow day *air lbw tat
40 106416111114. Thal IPP Ala haw ea wawa.
*set at «seismal aeasalleassaa
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