VOL. 49. The Huntingdon Journal. J. R. DUI:BORROW, PUBLISHERS AND PROPRIETORS, Office in lICIO JouRNAL Building, Fifth Street. Tun lluzinNanos JollaNAL is published every ‘Vsdnesday, by J. lt. Dusteonnow and J. A. NASH, tiler the firm name of J. It. DIIRSORROW SG Co., at $2.00 per annum, IN ADVANCE, or $2.50 if not paid for in six months from date of subscription, and $3 if not pail within the year. No papeltidiscontinuod, rnless at the option of the publishers, until all arrearages are paid. Nu paper, however, will be sent out of the State unless absolutely paid for in advance. Transient advertisements will be inserted at TWELVE AND A-HALF CENTS per line for the first insertion, SEVEN AND A-HALP. CENTS for the second, and FIVE CENTS per line for all subsequent inser tions. Regular quarterly and yearly business advertise ments will be inserted at the following rates : 11,1 \ 5 SCIB 00 y oli AOOl 10 00,12 00 O le " 24 00 14 00118 00 4 " 34 00 20 0921 001 1 1 col ( 36 00 4 501 S 00 tOOO 14 00 3 Inch Local notices will be inserted at FIFTEEN CNNTS per line for each and every insertion. All Resolutions of Associations, Communications of limited or individual interest, all party an nouncements, and notices of Marriages and Deaths, exceeding fire lines, will be charged TEN CENTS per line. Legal and other notices will be charged to the party having them inserted. Advertising Agents must fad their commission outside of these figures. All advertising accounts are due and collectable when the advertisement is once inserted. JOB PRINTING of every kind, in Plain and Fancy Colors, done with neatness and dispatch.— Iland-bills, Blanks, Cards, Pamphlets, &c., of every variety and style, printed at the shortest notice, and every thing in the Printing line will be execu ted in the most artistic manner and at the lowest rates. Professional Cards AP. W. JOHNSTON, Surveyor and • Civil Engineer, Huntingdon, Pa. OFFICE: No. 113 Third Street. ang21,1372. S. T. BROWN. BROWN & BAILEY, Attorneys-at- Law, Office 2.1 door east of First National Bank. Prompt personal attention will be given to all legal business entrusted to their care, and to the collection and remittance of claims. Jan. 7,71. DR. 11. W. BUCIIA.NAN, DENTIST, No. 22S Hill Street, HUNTINGDON, PA. July 3,'72. CALDWELL, Attorney -at -Law, D•No. 111, 3d street. Office formerly occupied by Messrs. Woods & Williamson. Lap 12,71. DR. A. B. BRUMBAUGH, offers his professional services to the community. Office, No. 523 Washington street, ono door east of the Catholic Parsonage. [jan.4,'7l. EJ. GREENE, Dentist. Cam re • moved to Loistor's new building, Hill street rnutingdon E. FLEMING, Attorney-at-Law, K- 7 • Huntingdon, Pa, office 319 Penn street, nearly opposite First National Bank. Prompt v.n.l careful attention given to all legal business. Aug.5,'74-6mos. GEORGE D. BALLANTYNE, M. D., of Pi'Asburg, graduate of Bellevue Hospi tal Medical College, offers his professional services to the citizens of Huntingdon and vicinity. Offiee 927 Washington street, WestHuntingdon. Ju1y22,1974-3mos. L. ROBB, Dentist, office in S. T. A-A • Brcwn's new building, No. 520, Hill St., Huntingdon, Pa. [apl2,'7l. - 1.1 - C. MADDEN, Attorney-at-Law -A--A-• Office, No. —, Hill street, Huntingdon, Pa. [5p.19,11. S. GEISSINGER, Attorney -at L Law, Huntingdon, Pa. Office one doo East of IL M. Speer's office. [Feb.s-1. j FRANKLIN SCHOCK, Attorney tfl • at-Law, Huntingdon, Ps. Prompt attention given to all legal business. Office 229 Hill street, corner of Court House Square. [dec.4,'72 SYLVANUS BLAIR, Attorney-at c." • Law, Huntingdon, Pa. Office, Hill street, hree doors west of Smith. [jan.4'7l. It. DURBORROW, Attorney-at- J• Law, Huntingdon, Pa., will practice in the several Courts of Huntingdon county. Particular attention given to the settlement of estates of dece dents. OEIO in he JOUUNAL Building. [feb.l,'7l J W. MATTERN, Attorney-at-Law cfl • and General Claim Agent, Huntingdon, Pa., Soldiers' claims against the Government for back pay, bounty, widows' and invalid pensions attend ed to with great care and promptness. Office on Hill street. Ljan.4,'7l. K. ALLEN LoveLL LOVELL & MUSSER, Attorneys-at-Law, Specii:l attention given to COLLECTIONS of all kinds; to the settlement of ESTATES, &e. ; and all other legal business prosecuted with fidelity and dispatch. [nov6,'72 - IR A. ORI3ISON, Attorney-at-Law, -A-v• Patents 9'utainad, Office, 321 Ilillstreet, Huntingdon, Pa. NVILLIAM A. FLEMING, Attorney at-Law, Huntingdon, Pa. Special attention given to collections, and all other isgal busineis attcaded to with care and promptness. Office, No. 224, Hill street. [ap 1V,'71. Hotels JACKSON HOUSE FOUR DOORS EAST OF THE UNION DEPOT, HUNTINGDON, PA A. B. ZEIGLER, Prop. N0v12,'73-6ai MORRISON HOUSE, OPPOSITE PENNSYLVANIA A. It. DEPOT HUNTINGDON, PA. J. 11. CLOVER, Prop April 5, 1571-Iy, Miscellaneous KROBLEY, Merchant Tailor, No. • 813 Mifflin street, West Huntingdon, Pa,., respectfully solicits a share of public pat ronage from town and country. [0ct16,72 WM. WILLIAMS, MANUFACTURER OF MARBLE MANTLES, MONUMENTS. HEADSTONES, &C., HUNTINGDON, PA PLASTER PARIS CORNICES, MOULDINGS. &C ALSO SLATE MANTLES FURNISHED TO ORDER. Jan. 4, '7l. 2 50 CHOICE BUILDING LOTS FOR SALE, At $5O pe Lot—Three Year Payments ! These lots lie within 300 hundred yards of the new school house in West Huntingdon; fronting 50 feet on Brady street and running back 150 feet to s 20 foot alley. Also, ground by the Acre, for building purposes, for sale. Inquire of E. C. SUMMERS ilantingdon, Nov. 26,'73-Iy, To the Senate and House of Representa tives : J. A. NASH, Since the convening of Congress one year ago the nation has undergone a pros tration in business and industries such as has not been witnessed with us fur many years. Speculation as to the causes for this prostration might be indulged in without profit, because as many theories would be advanced as there would be independent writers—those who expressed their own views, without borrowing, upon the subject, without indulging in theories as to cause of this prostration. Therefore, I will call your attention only to the fact, and to some plain ques tions as to which it would seem there should be no disagreement. During this prostration two essential elements of pros perity have been most abundant—labor and capital. Both have been largely un employed. Where security has been un doubted, capital has been attainable at very moderate rates. Where labor has been wanted it has been thund in abundance, at cheap rates, compared with what the ne cessaries and comthrts of life could be purchased with the wages demanded. Two great elements of prosperity, there fore, have not been denied us. A third might be added, our soil, unequaled with in the limits of any contiguous territory, tinder one nation, for its variety of pro ducts to feed and clothe a people, and in the amount of surplus to spare to feed these less favored people. Therefore, with these facts in view, it seems that wise statesmanship at this ses sion of Congress would dictate legislation ignoring the past, and directing in proper channels these great elements of prosper ity to any people. Debt abroad is the only element that can, with always a saund currency, enter into our affairs to cause any continued depression in the industries and prosperity of our people. A great conflict for national existence made neces sary for temporary purposes the raising of large sums of money from whatever source attainable. It made necessary in the wis• dom of Congress, and I do not doubt their wisdom in the premises regarding the necessity of the times, to devise a system of national currency which it proved to be impossible to keep on a par with the recognized currency of the civilized world. This begot a spirit of speculation, ex travac!aince and luxury not required for the happiness or prosperity of a people, and involving, both directly and indirect ly, foreign indebtedness. The currency, being of a fluctuating value, and therefore unsafe to hold for legitimate transactions requiring money, became a subject of spec ulation in itself. These two causes, how ever, have involved us in a foreign indebt edness, contracted in good faith by bor rower and lender, which should be paid in coin and according to the bond agreed upon when the debt was contracted—gold or its equivalent. The good faith of the Government • cannot be violated towards its creditors without national disgrace. "X's 36 bl 65 G 5 80 80 100 18 00 36 150 00 GO 00 J. M. BAILEY, rjan.4,ll Our commerce should be encouraged, American ship building and carrying ca pacity increased, foreign markets sought for products of the soil and manufactories, to the end that we may be able to pay these debts. When a new market can be created for the sale of our products, either of the soil, the mine or the manufactory, a new means is discovered of utilizing our capital and labor, to the advantage of the whole people. But in n.y judgment, the first step to wards accomplishing this object is to se cure a currency food wherever civilization reigns; one which, becoming superabund ant with one people, will find a market with some other; a currency which has as its basis the labor necessary to produce it, which will give to it its value. Gold and silver are now the recognized mediums of exchange the civilized world over, and to this we should return with the least prac ticable delay, in view, of the pledges of the American Congress when our present legal tender system was adopted. There should be no delay, certainly no unnecessary delay, in fixing by -legeslation a method by which we will return to spe cie. To the accomplishment of this I in vite your special attention. I Hieve firmly there can be no prosperous and per manent revival of business and industries until a policy is adopted, with legislation to carry it out, looking to a return to a specie basis. It is easy to conceive that the debt and speculative classes may think it of value to them to make so-called money abun dant until they can throw a portion of their burdens on others, but even these I believe would be disappointed in the re salt, if a course should be pursued which will keep in doubt the value of the legal tender medium of exchange. A revival of productive industry is needed by all class es ; by none more than holders of proper ty, of whatever sort, with debts to liquidate fur realization upon its sale. But admitting that these two classes of citizens are to be benefited by expansion, would it be honest to give it ? Would not the general loss be too great to justify such relief? Would it not be just as honest and prudent to authorize each debtor to issue his own legal tenders to the extent of his liabilities ? Than to do this,'would it not be safer, for fear of over issues by un scrupulous creditors, to say that all debts and obligations are obliterated in the Uni ted States, and now we commerce anew, each possessing all he has at the time free from ineumbrance. J. HALL MrSSER, 11U - STINGDON, P Dnay3l,7l These positions arc too absurd to be en tertained for a moment by thinking or honest people. Yet every delay in prepar ation for final resumption partakes of this dishonesty, and is only harmless in the hope that a convenient time will at last arrive for the good work of redeeming our pledges to commerce. It will never come, in my opinion, except by positive action by Congress, or by national disasters ; which will destroy, for a time at. least, the credit of individuals and the State at large. A sound currency might be reached by total bankruptcy and discredit of the in tegrity of the nation and of individuals. I believe it is the duty of Congress at this ses sion to devise such legislation as will renew confidence, revive indUstries, start us on a career of prosperity to last for many years, and to save the credit of the nation and of the people. Steps towards the return to a specie basis are great requisites to the de voutly to be sought for end. There are others which I may touch upon here after. A nation dealing in currency below that of specie in value labors under two great disadvantages: First, having no use for the world's acknowledged mediums of exchange—gold and silver—these are driv en out of the country, because there is no demand for their use. Second, the me dium of exchange in use being of flucttia ting value; for after all it is only worth .•. he untie don pJ ournale Pres:dent's Message. just what it will purchase of gold and sil ver metals, having an intrinsic value just in proportion to the honest labor it takes to produce them. A larger margin must be allowed for profit by the manufacturer and producer. It is months from the date of production to the date of realization.— Interest upon capital must be charged, and risk of fluctuation in the value of that which is to be received in payment added; hence high prices acting as a pro tection to a foreign producer, who receives nothing in exchange for the products of his skill and labor except a currency good at a staple value the world over. It seems to me that nothing is clearer than that the greater part of the burden of the existing prostration, for the want of a sound financial system, falls upon the working man, who must, after all, pro duce the wealth, and the salaried man who superintends and conducts business. The burden falls upon them in two ways. First, by the deprivation of employment; and second, by the decreased purchasing power of their salaries. It is the duty of Congress to devise a method of correcting the evils which are acknowledged to exist, and not mine ; but I will venture to sug ge,t two or three things which seam to me as absolutely necessary to a return to specie payments—the first great requisite in a return to prosperity.. The legal tender clause to the law au thorizing the issue of currency by the Na tional Government should be repealed, to take effect as to all contracts entered into • after a day fixed in the repealing act, not to apply, however, to payment of salaries by government or other expenditures now provided by law to be paid in currency in the interval pending between' the repeal and final resumption. Provision should be made by which the Secretary of the Treasury can obtain gold as it may become necessary, from time to time, from the date when specie redemp tion commences. To this might and should be added a revenue sufficiently in excess of expenses to insure an accumulation of gold in the treasury to sustain redemption. I commend this subject to your careful consideration, believing. that a favorable solution is attainable, and that if reached by this Congress that the present and fu ture generations will ever greatfully re member it as their deliverer from a thral dom of evil and disgrace. With resump tion free banking may be authorized with safety, giving full protection to bill hold ers, which they have under existing laws. Indeed I would regard free banking as essential. It would give proper elasticity to the currency. As more currency should be required for the transaction of legiti mate business, new banks would be started, and in turn banks would wind up their business when it was found that there was a superabundance of currency. The ex perience and judgment of the people can best decide just how much currency is re quired for the transaction of the business of the country. It is unsafe to leave the settlement of this question to Congress, the Secretary of the Treasury or to the Executive. Congress should make the regulation under which banks may exist, but should not make banking a um Inpoly by limiting the amount of redeemable pa per currency that -shall be authorized. Such importance do I attach to this sub ject, and so earnestly do I commend it to your attention, that I give it prominence by introducing it at the beginning of this message. During the past year nothing has oc curred to disturb the general friendly and cordial relations of the United States with other powers. The correspondence sub mitted herewith between this government and its diplomatic representatives, as also with the representatives of other countries, shows a satisfactory condition of all ques tions between the United States and the most of these countries, and with few exceptions, to which reference is hereafter made, the absence of any points of differ once to be adjusted. The notice directed by the resolution of Congress of June 17, 1874, to be given to terminate the con vention of July the 17th, 1858, between the United States and Belgium, has been given, and the treaty will accordingly ter minate on the Ist day of July, 1875. _ This convention secured to certain Bel gium vessels entering the p-irts of the United States exceptional privileges which are not accorded to our own vessels. Other features of the convention have proved satisfactory, an.] have tended to the cultivation of mutually beneficial com mercial intercourse and friendly relations between the two countries. I hope that negotiations which have been invited will result in the celebration of another treaty which may tend to the interest of both coun tries Our relations with China continue to be friendly. During the past year the fear of hostilities between China and Japan. growing out of the landing of an armed force upon the island of Formossa b the latter, has occasioned uneasiness. It is earnestly hoped, however, that the diffi culties arising from this cause will be ad justed, and that the advance of civilization in these empires may not be retarded by a state of war. In consequence of the part taken by certain citizens of the United States in this expedition, our representa tives in these. countries have been instruc ted to impress upon the governments of China and Japan the firm intention of this country to maintain strict neutrality in the event of hostilities, and to 4refully prevent any infraction of law on the part of our citizens in eon nee ti o n with this subject. I call the attention of Congress to a generally conceded fact, that the great proportion of the Chinese immigrants who have come to our shores do - not come voluntarily to make their homes with us and their labor productive of general pros perity, but come under contract with head men, who own them almost absolutely. In a worse form does this apply to Chi nese women. Hardly a percentage of them perform any honorab:e labor, but they are brought for shameful purposes to the dis grace of the communities where settled and to the great demoralization of the youth of those localities. If this evil practice can be legislated 'against it will be my pleasure, as well as duty, to enforce any regulation to secure so desirable an end. It is hoped that negotiations between the Government of Japan and the treaty powers looking to the further opening of the empire and to the revisit of various restrictions upon trade and travel may soon produce the result desired, which cannot fail to enure to the benefit of all parties. Having on previous occasions submitted to the consideration of Congress the propriety of the release of the Japanese Government from the further payment of the indemnity under the convention of October 22, 1864, and no action had been taken thereon, it became my duty to regard the obligations of the convention as in force, and as the other powers interested HUNTINGDON, PA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1874. had received their proportion of the in demnity in full, the Minister of the United States in Japan has, in behalf' of this gov ernment, received the remainder of the amount due to the United States under the convention of Simonoseki. I submit the propriety of applying the income of a part, if not of' the whole of this fund, to the education in the Japanese language of a number of young men, to be under obligations to serve the government for a specified time as interpreters at the legation and the consulates in Japan. A limited number of Japanese youths might at the same time be educated in our owu vernacular, and mutual benefits would re sult to both governments. The importance of having our own citi zens competent and familiar with the lan guage of Japan, and to act as interpreters and in other capacities connected with the Legation and the Consulates in that country, cannot readily be overestimated. The amount awarded to the Govern ment of Great Britain by the mixed com mission organized under the provisions of the Treaty of Washington, in the settle ment of claims of British subjects arising from acts committted between April 13, 1861, and April 9. 18G5, became payable. under the terms of the treaty, within the past year, and was paid upon the 21st day of Se2tember, 1574. In this connection I renew my recom mendation made at the opening of the last session of Congress that an especial court be created to hear and determine all claims of aliens against the United States, aris ing from acts committed against their per sons and property during the insurrection. It appears equitable that opportunity should be offered to citizens of other States to present their claims as well us to thoso British subjects, whose claims were not admissible under the late commission, to the fin.] decision of some competent tri bunal. T. this end I recommend the necessary legislation to organize a court to dispose of all claims of aliens of the nature refer. red to in an equitable and satisfactory manner, and to relieve Congress and the departments from the consideration of these questions. The legislation necessary to extend to the colony of New Foundland certain articles of the treaty of Washing ton of the Bth day of May, 1874, having been had, a protocol to that effect was signed, in behalf of the United States and of Great Britain, on the 28th day of May last, and was duly proclaimed on the fol lowing day. A copy of the proclamation is submitted herewith. A copy of the report of the commis sioner appointed under the act of March 19, 1872, fir surveying and marking the boundry between the United States and the British possessions, from the Lake of the Woods to the summit of the Rocky mountains, is herewith transmitted. lam happy to announce that the field work of the commissioner has been completed, and the entire line, from the northwest corner of the Lake of the Woods to the summit of the Rocky mountains, has been run and marked upon the surface of the earth. It is believed that the amount remaining un• expended of the appropriation made at the last session of Congress will be sufficient to complete the office work. I recommed that the authority of Con gress be given to the use of the unexpen ded appropriation in the completion of the work of the commission in making and preparing the necessary mars. The court known as the court of commissioners of Alabama claims, created by an act of Con gress of the last session, has organized and commenced its work, and it is to be hoped that the claims admissible under the pro visions of the act may be speedily ascer tained and paid. It has been deemed ad visable to exercise the discretion confer. red upon the executive at the last session, by accepting the conditions required by the government of Turkey for the privi lege of allowing citizens of the United States to hold real estate in the former country, and by assenting to a certain change of jurisdiction of the court in question. A copy of the proclamation on these subjects is herewith communicated- There has been no material change in our relations with the independent States of this hemisphere, which were formerly under the dominion of Spain. Marauders on the frontier, between Mexico and Tex• as, will frequently take place, despite the vigilance of the civil and military author• itics in that quarter. The difficulty of checking such trespasses along the course of a river of such length as the Rio Grande, and so often fordable, is obvious. It is hoped that the efforts of the Government will be seconded by those of Mexico to the effectual suppression of wrong. From a report upon the condition of the business before the American and Mexican Joint Claims Commission, wade by the agent on the part of the United States, and dated Octorber 28, 1874, it appears that of the 1017 claims, filed on the part of citizens of the United States, four hundred and eighty three had been finally decided, and seventy-five were in the hands of the umpire, leaving four hundred and sixty-two to be disposed of, and of the nine hundred and ninety.eight claims filed against the United States. sev en hundred and twenty-six bad been.final ly decided, one was before the umpire, and two hundred and seventy-one remain ed to be disposed of. Since the date of such report, other claims have been dis posed of; reducing somewhat the number still pending, and others have been passed upon by the arbitrators. It has become apparent, in view of these figures, and of the fact that the work devolving on the umpire is particularly laborious, that the commission would be unable to dispose of the entire number of claims pending prior to the first day of February, 1875, the date fixed for its expiration. Negotiations are pending looking to the securing of the results of the decisions which have been reached, and to a further extension of the commission for a limited time, which it is confidently hoped will suffice to bring all the business now before it to a final close. The strife in the Argentine Republic is to be deplored, both on account of the parties thereto, arid from the probable el fects on the interests of those engaged in the trade to that quarter, of whom the United States arc among the principal. As yet, so far as I aui aware, there has been no violation of our neutrality rights, which as well as our duties in that respect it shall be my endeavor to maintain and observe. It is with regret I announce that no further payment has been received from the government of Venezuela on account of awards in favor of citizens of the United States. Hopes have belt] entertained that if that Republic could escape both foreign and civil war for a few years, its great natural resources would enable it to honor its obligation. Though it is now under stood to be at peace with other countries, a serious insurrection is reported to be in progress in an important region of that Republic. This may be taken advantage of as another reason to delay the payment of the loss of our citizens. The deplorable strife in Cuba continues without any marked change in the rela tive advantages of contingent forces: - The insurrection con tinue.4, but. Spain has gain ed no superiority. Six years of strife give the insurrection a significance which can not in denied. Its duration and the te nacity of its advance together with the ab sence of manifested power of suppression on the part of Spain cannot be controver ted, and may make some positive steps on the part of other powers a matter of self necessity. I had confidently hoped at this time to he able to announce the arrangement of sonic of the important questions between this Government and that of Spain, but the negotiations have been protracted. The unhappy intestine dissensions of Span command our profound sympathy, and must be accepted as perhaps a cause of some delay. Au early settlement in part, at least, of the questions between the gov ernments is hoped for. In the meantime, awaiting the results of immediately pend ing negotiations, I defer a future and ful ler communication on the subject of the relations of this country and Spain. I have again to call the attention of Congress to the unsatisthctory condition of the existing laws with reference to ex patriation and the election of nationality. Formerly, amid conflicting opinons and decisions, it was difficult to exactly deter mine how far the doctrine of perpetual al legiance was applicable to citizens of the United States. Congress, by the act of the 27th of July, 1568, asserted the ab• stract right of expatriation as a fundamen tal principle of this Government. Not withstanding which assertion, and the ne• cessity of a formal application of the prin ciple, no lezislation has been bad defining what acts or formalities shall work ex patriation, or when a citizen shall be deem ed to have renounced or to have lost his citizenship. The importance of such definiTion is ob vious. The representatives of the United States in foreign countries are continually called upon to lend their aid and the pro- tection of the United States government to persons, concerning the good faith or the reality of whose citizenship there is at least a question. In some cases the pro visions of the treaties furnish some guide. In others it seems as if left to the person ' claiming the benefit of citizenship, while living in a foreign country, contributing in no manner to the performance of the duties of a citizen of the United States, and without intention at any time to re• turn and undertake those duties. To use the claims of citizenship of the United States simply as a shield from performance of the obligations of a citizen elsewhere, the states of children born of American parents residing in a forei.;. , :n country, of American women who have been married to aliens, of American citi zens residirr.4 abroad, where such question is not regulated by treaty, are all ques tions of frequent difficulty and discussion. Legislation on these and similar questions and particularly defining when, and under what circumstances, expatriation eau be accomplished, it is to be presumed is es pecially needed in this connection. I earnestly call the attention of Con gress to the difficulties arising from fraud ulent naturalization. The United States wisely, freely and liberally offers its citi zenship to all who may come in good faith to reside within its limits, on their com plying with certain prescribed reasonable and simple formalities and conditions Among the highest duties of the govern ment is that to afford uniform, efficient and equal protection to All its citizens, whether naturalized or native born. Care should be taken that a right, carrying with it such support from the government. should not be fraudulently obtained and should be bestowed only upon full proof of a compliance with the law, and yet there are frequent instances of illegal and fraud ulent naturalization and of the unauthori zed use of certificates thus improperly ob tained. In some cases the fraudulent character of the naturalization has appeared upon the face of the certificate itself; in others examination discloses that the holder had not complied with the law, and in others certificates have been obtained where the persons holding them not only were not entitled to be naturalized, but had not even been within the United States at the time of the pretended naturalization. In stances of each of these classes of fraud are discovered at our legations, where the certificates of naturalization are presented either for the purpose of obtaining pass ports or iu demanding the protection of the legation. When the fraud is apparent on the face of such certificates they are taken up by the representatives of the Government and forwarded to the Depart ment of State, but even then the record of the port in which the fraudulent natu ralization occurred remains, and duplicate certificates are readily attainable upon the presentation of these for the issue of pass ports; or in demanding protection of the Government. The fraud sometimes escapes notice, and such certificates are not ur.frequently used in transactions of business to the deception and injury of innocent parties. Without placing any additional obstruction in the way of the obtainment of citizenship by the worthy and well intentioned foreigner, who comes in !rsod faith to cast his lot with outs, I earnestly recommend further legislation to punish fraudulent naturali zation and to secure the ready cancellation of the record or every naturalization made in fraud. Since my last annual message the ex change has been wade of the ratification of treaties of extradition with Belgium, Eequador, Peru and Salvador. Also, of a treaty of commerce and navigation with Peru, and one of commerc,l and consular privil?ges with Salvador. All of which have been duly proclaimed, as also a de claration with Russia with reference to trade marks. Th.? report of the Secretary of the Treasury, which is made directly to Con gress, and forms no part of this message, will show the receipts and expenditures of the Government fir the last fi,eal year, the amount received from each source of reve• one, and the amount paid out for each of the departments of the Government. It will be observed from this report that the amount of receipts over expenditures has been but $2,344,822 for the fiscal year endin; June 30. 1874, and that for the current fiscal year the estimated receipts over expenditures will not much exceed $9,000.000. In view of the large Nations) debt ex isting, and the obligations to add one per cent. per annum to the Sinking Fund, a sum amounting to,now over $300,000 per annum. I submit whether revenues should nut be increa , :d expcn . ditures diminish ed to reach this amount of gurpleS. Not to provide for the; Sinkina Fund is a par tial faiiure to eompiy v;ith the eontracts and u'oligaticos of the government. At the last session of Cowzre::.: very c.insiderable reduction was made in rates a taxation and in the number of articles submitted to taxation. The question may well be asked whether or hot, in some iestanee.. this was unwise. In connection with Clis si;bject, too. it is found that the means of e.)ll,Tting, the revenue, especially from importe, have ken ea embarrassed by legislation as to make it questionable whether or not large amounts are not lost by failure to collect, to the direct loss of the Treeetry and to the prejudice of the intere-ts of honest importers awl taxpayers. The Secretary of the Treasury, in his report, favors isletiou I iekin ; ..; to an early return to spe cie payments, thus supporting views pre eieusly expressed in this massage. li e also recommends economy in appropria tions, calls attention to the less of revenue from repealing the tax on tart and e ,fee without benefit to the con-umer, ree•m mends ;in increase of tett cents a gilion ()a whisky, and further, that n modifieation be made in the banking awl form, bid passed at the last session of Congress, un less a ir e ion should become necessary by reason of the adoption of measures fur returning to specie payment.. In those recommendations I cordially join. I would suggest to Cooeress the propri ety of readjusting the tariff so as to in crease the revenue, and at the same tinse decrease the number of articles upon which duties are levied, because articles white are not producer! at home it seems to me should 1.. e admitted free. Those articles of manufacture which we produce a con stituent part of. but do not produce the whole, that part which we do not produce should enter free. Also, I will instance fine wool dyes, &c. These articles must be imported to form a part of the mann facture of the higher grade of woolen goods. Chemicals, used as dyes, com pounded in medicines and used in various ways in manufacture, come under - this clause. The introduction, free of duty. of such woof: es we do not produce should stimulate the manufacture of goods re:fair ing the use of those we do produce and therefore would be a benefit to home pro duction. There are many ankles entering into home maaefacteres which we (I) net produce ourselves, the tariff upon whi.-h increases the cost of producing the mana floured article. All corrections in this regard are in the direction of bringing labor and capital in harmony with each other, and of supplying one of she ele ments of prosperity so much needed. The report of the Secretary of War. herewith attached, and forming a part of this message, gives all the iufurmation concerning the operations. wants and ne cessities of the army, and contains many suggestions and recommendations which I commend to your special attention. There is no class of Government employees who are harder worked than the army officers and men ; none who perform their tasks more cheerfully and efficiently, and tinder circumstances of greater privations and hardships. Legislatien is desirable to render mere efficient this branch ..f the public service. All the recommendations of the Secretary of War I regard as judi cious, and I especially commend to your attention the following: The consolidation of government arsen als, the restoration of mileage to '3Z-errs • traveling under orders; the exemption or money received from the sale of subsistence stores from being covered into the treasu ry; the use of appropriatkus fur the pur chase of subsistence stores without waiting for the beginning of the fiscal year fer which the appropriation is made ; for ad dit.ional appropriations for the c. I:eetiun of torpedo material; fir increased appre priationf fer the manufacture of arms; for relieving the various States from indebt edness for arms charged to them during the Rebellion ; fur dropping officers from the rolls of the army without trial ; fur ,the offense of drawing pay more than once for the same period; for the discourage ment of the plan to paying soldiers by checks, and for the establishment of a pro fessorship of rhetoric and English litera ture at West Point. The reasons for these recommendations are obvious and are set forth sufficiently in the report attached. I also recommend that the status of the staff corps of the army be fixed where this has not already been done, so that promo tions may be made and vacancies filled, as they occur, in each grade when reduced below the number to be fixed by law. The necessity for such legislation is specially felt now in the pay department, the am ber of 'Acme' in that deportment being below the number adequate to the per formance of the duties required of them by law. The efficiency of the navy his barn largely increased (luting the last year, an• der the impulse of the foreign cniuplica. tions which threatened us at the com mencement of the last session of Congres4. Most of our efficient wooden ships were put in c)ndition for immediate service, and the repairs of our iron clad fl , et were pushed with the utmost vigor. The result is that moat ef these aro now in an (like tive state, and need only to be manned and put in commission to ;;.o at once into service. Some of the ncs sloop, authorized be Congress, aro already in columissioo, stud most of the remainder arc lannelicd, and only wait the completi.rn or their ma chinery to enable them to take tl:!''r place as part of our effective force. Ts. iron torpedo ships have been cotnplited during the last year, anal four of our 1urg,..1 double turreted iron clads are now under7oing repairi. When these are fini , ,Led, everything that is useful of our navy-, :IA now authori zeal, will be in condition for service, and with the advance in the science of torpe to warfare in the American navy, compara tively small as it, is. will be found, at any time, sufficiently powerful for the parp)sei of a peaceful nation. much has also been accoznp:i4tel during the year in aid of science, and to increase the sum of general knowledge, and further the interests of comuiel.ce and civilization. Extensive and much needcd soundings have been made for hydrographie purpo ses, and to fix the proper routes ~f ocean telegraphs. Further surveys of the Great Isthmus have been undertaken tend com pleted, and two vessels of the navy are now employed, in conjunction with those of England, France, Germany and Russia, is observations connected with the transit of Venus—interesting to the scientific The estimates for this branch or public service do not differ materially from those of last year, those fir the general support of the service being somewhat less, and those for permanent improvements at the varbus stations rather larger than the cur• rest. nility; cst luta e male a year ax' The regular nriintenan..e :mil a sr.-.ay ineromm in the, etlicieney of this most important arm, in pr"portion to the growth of oar maritime intercourse and inters**. is n rommen.led to the attention of ronrrom. The rise of the navy in time of pewee mizht limiter he utilised by a direct an thorizati .n the employment of naval Teasels in explorations and inrveys of :he nationalities on this Continent ; morel illy the tributaries of the two Zre-li mere of South America—the Oronoe, and the Amazon. ,1-nhing prever.ts. un.ter ex,t ing laws. such explorations. ezecpt. :Mat expenditures must be made to rue* cape ditinns beyond those tasually provided Cr in the appropriations. The fold degiirom te,l is unquestionably one of interava sod oue Large aevel.opment of commercial interests. 3 , 17antag.4,35. the roplms reached. am , ' to the - 41 who may relotiors with them. or t'e peurple entier I rs crei,4.• ti.tht ni franrh4e, i 3 re.w.10,11 as zerp•ral yr wperity •Tqfri" when.. and tepecti:iy rionbliro. atbeee both 42 , 1.1enti.,n qt. rrevi.r:s 4e." nfA oatPr into arortnt in ;:ivizrz sulfrro Nest t•, the, pui•Vie wh.,o:, the isietotliee is the iue.it a•.:,•nt ',inciting oven.. eve rt..* trrrit,ry. rie rapidity w . :01 Iriveh noir rteti..nl are b•-in; witle-1, this iner.-.rins the carrying .1 mails ins more rapid ratio t kin :Iv., ap..t A-wow r,port of Co- li.stnissacr h• rrwit!s at chcl, shows that theta wan an inere-.14., of revenue in his Npartaanat in 13:3 otter the previous pair 1111.61-1.- 411, and an memos, ei4t earrying tlae mai:s payin l pinploirvs ni lin.oll. 46 4 .91. Th. ~.r . rt of the l'osriapst-r Gener.il give* interestia4 statistics of his D , .. , partnient, awl compare* thaw with the eorreliondinr. statistics err oa* jots' ark shnwiiir, a growth in evory briaela a the Deportment. A postal convention hag been con , tlude , l with New South Wales. an el chanr,e of po.tal cards established with Switter!and. awl the isszntiation• pending for Seven{ y _mars with Francs Irtive!..ewl• aterl in n ennrentinn with that etatatry. iv,at into effon !as.. Anna. An Intern:Pi ,nal Postal resstrwig wax cGnverteci in Berne. Switserlaini. In 4.p -tetnber i3rt. at whir b the Unitevl W:)s represented by to niter of the Poe& ,ffiee Departnpnit of nanrh esperienee and of rytaliEcati,,n fir ;be pyeitii.o. A ears venti.m f.r the entaLliPboarnt of an Inter- national Postal Unios woe arti•tkl Ira 3ncl by tlt.e dleleptes of the e,,,sis trieA rt , prelentt.A. inflect tq the spprovai ,X pr.,per anthoritkas oi thooe eons trieJ. I rev:fretfitlly direct your attention to the v.-port or the Pontotavter General. and hi. 4 itt.:4:',4ti ins in regard t. an equita ble adju.4t tnent of tke question of ensapins sation to raiiroa(k fir tarrying tke intik wiil irwen to the unsettled condition of Ahem in anin! of the ! , loothem S!at.,s. On the Ikb of llvp tetrilrr la.-t tke Governor of Lesions. miktl up.n n e as provided by that Cos :mite:ion and lawa of the routed State., to ai.i in Puppre.nin.4 .I.intenic violence in that State. Tivig call W 44 11113. k, in Ti 46111 of a proclautat:on liaised co Iltat •Lay by D. C. Penn. e6irning Ilia' ke wao4o.eektd. Lieutenant Governor in 1.472:. and (Panne:: upon the miti!ia ..f the It/:ate to Inn. as sluibt.e and drive fern power the soup cr... a.: h.: design.st.:il the niter. of tint State 4i..:crnruen S. On the next day i ieneri my pr wlantti e quinnnding. the ie