L. 46 Huntingdon Journal, NASH, BORROW PERI.ISREIIS AND PROPRIETORS. Corucraf Bath and Irafthingtoa streets. TNTMGDON JOURNAL is published every y, by J. It. DURRORROW and J. A. NASH, linn name of J. ft. Donnonnow & Co., at maim, IN ADVANCE, or :2,50 if not paid months from date of subscription, and aid within the year. ir discontinued:unless at the option of hers, until all arrearages are paid. ITI:4E.II.ENTS will be inserted at TEN • line for each of the first four insertions, :Es•rs per line fur each subsequent inser ion three months. --- --- ----- monthly and yearly advertisements will 1 at the following rates : 11 Gul l oml ly 3 ml6m 9 mlly 1 —_ 4 001 5 01.1 00'col 90018 00 $ $36 31 E 00 - 10 00112 0011 . 3 " 24 00,36..0 50 65 31000 14 00,18 00 34 0050 00 65 Su 91:100 . 23 001 21 00 o'l3 03 , 25 00130 00 1 1 col 3600 1 60 01 BO 100 notices will be inserted at TWELVE AND :Nts per line. and local and editorial no- PTETN CENTS per line. A. dui ions of As:;uciations, Communications or individual interest, and notices of Mar . Deaths, exceeding five lines, will be VI CENTS per line. ad other notices will be charged to the ing them inserted. sing Agents must find their commission these figures. :rt;sing accounts are due and collectable decrtisentent is were inserted. UNTING of every kind, in Plain and ors, done with neatness and dispatch.— ;, Blanks, Cards, Pamphlets, lc., of every d style, printed at the shortest notice, thing in the Printing line will be execu most artistic manner and at the lowest Professional Cards. ENGATE, Surieyor, Warriors ark, Pa. [apl2;7l. LIALDWELL, Attorney -at -Law, . 111. 31 street. Once formerly occupied . Woods t Williamson. [ap12,71. R. It. WIESTLING, , peatfully offers his professional services wens of Huntingdon and vicinity. moved to No. 619 i llill street, (Sarni's [apr.5,,71-Iy. J. C. FLE3I3IING respectfully •a his professional services to the citizens ;don and vicinity. Office second floor of am's building, on corner of 4th and fill may 24. D. P. MILLER, Office on Hill .eet, in the room formerly occupied 1.) M'Culloch, Huntingdon, Pa., would res- O'er his professional services to the eiti mtingdon and vicinity. [jan.4,'7l. A. B. BRUMBAUGH, offers his ofessional services to the einumunity. 523 Washington street, one door eats , Parsonage. pan.4,'7l. GIIEESE, Dcotist. Office re ved to Leigar's new building,lllll street Ljan.4,l I. ROBB, Dentist, office in S. T. wn's now building, No. 520, /DI St.. on, Pa. [ap1.2,'71. }LAZIER, Notary Public, corner of Washington and Smith streets, lion- Pa. Dan.l2ll. I MADDEN, Attorney-at-Law. Office, •\o. —, Hill street, Huntingdon, [ap.10,71. CLVINUS BLAIR, Attorney-at m, Huntingdon, Pa. Office, Hill street, s west of Smith. [jan.4'7l. PATTON, Druggist and Apoth ary, opposite the Exchange Hotel, lien- Pa. Prescriptions accurately compounded. fors fur Medicinal purposes. Ln0r.23,10. ALL MUSSER, Attorney-at-Law, 319 Hill at.. Huntingdon, Yu. Dan. 4,11. . DURBORROIV, Attorney-at aw, Huntingdon, Pa., will practice in the oorts of Huntingdon county. Particular given to the settlement of estates of dece- n ho JOURNAL Building. [feli.l,'7l . POLLOCK, Surveyor and Real state Agent, Huntingdon, Pa., will attend ing in all its branches. Will also buy, nt Farms, houses, and Real Estate of e, in any part of the United States. Send ular. Lian.4'7l. V. MATTERN, Attorney-at-Law ad General Claim Ageut, Huntingdon ' Pa., claims against tho Government for back sty, widows' and invalid pensions attend h groat care and promptness. m Hill street. Dan.4,'7l. ALLEN LOVELL, Attorney-at- Law, Huntingdon, Pa. Special attention COLLECTIONS of all kinds ; to the settle iistates, &c.; and all other Legal Business .1 with fidelity and dispatch. Mice in room lately occupied by R. Milton sq. Lian.4,7l. 1. & M. S. LYTLE, Attorneys it-Low, Huntingdon, Pa., will attend to of legal business entrusted to their care. in the south side of Hill street, fourth door with. Dan. 4,71. ORBISON, Attorney-at-Law, °Mee, 321. Hilt street, Huntingdon, Pc. rmaY3l,7l )TT. S. T. BROWN. J. IL BAILEY VT, BROWN & BAILEY, At neys-at-Law, Huntingdon, Pa. Pensions, (aims of soldiers and soldiers' heirs against rnment will be promptly prosecuted. m Hill street. Dan. 4,71. V. MYTON, Attorney-at-Law. Hun ingion, Pa. Wilco with J. Sewell Stewart, [jan.4,'7l. LLIA3I A. FLEMING, Attorney- Iluntin;dou, Pa. Special attention c.,llections, and all other legal business to with care and promptness. Office, No. street. [apl9,'7l. Miscellaneous, RANGE HOTEL, Huntingdon, s. JOIIN S. MILLER, Proprietor. ry 4, 1871. k:R THE RAILROAD DEPOT, WAYNE and JUNIATA STREBTT rNITED STATES HOTEL, HOLLIDAYSBURG; PA :N A CO, PROPRIETORS , Mahls-tf IT. KING, Merchant Tailor, 412 rashington street, Huntingdon, Pa., a U re of patronage respectfully solicited. 12. 1871. VISTOWN BOILER WORKS. NYDER, WEIDNER a CO., klanufac ! Locomotive and Stationary Boilers, Tanks, , illing-Barrows for Furnaces, and Sheet ,rk of every descrii,tion. Works on Logan ewistown, Pa. rders p. , --notiy attended to. Repairing 'hod [Apr 5,'71,13,.. COWARD, iRRISON HOUSE, J. R. CLOVER, ITE PENNSYLVANIA It. It. DEPOT UNTINGDON, PA HOWARD & CLOVER, Prop's. 5, 1371-Iy. ,ORED PRINTING DONE AT ie Journal Ofdoe, at Philadelphia prices. The Huntingdon P s ournal. New Advertisements. TO ADVERTISERS THE HUNTINGDON JOURNAL. PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY MORNING J. R. DURBORROW & J. A. NASH. Office corner oc. Washington and Bath Sta., HUNTINGDON, PA. :o: THE BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM CENTRAL PENNSYLVANIA. CIRCULATION 1700. HOME AND FOREIGN ADVERTISE MENTS INSERTED ON REA SONABLE TERMS. --:o:- A FIRST CLASS NEWSPAPER _ :0: - TERMS OF SUBSCRIPTION $2.00 per annum in advance. $2 50 within six months. $3.00 if not paid within the year. -:o:- - JOB PRINTING ALL KINDS OF JOB WORK DONE WITH NEATNESS AND DISPATCH, AND IN THE LATEST AND MOST IMPROVED STYLE, SUCH AS POSTERS OF ANY SIZE, CIRCULARS, BUSINESS CARDS, WEDDING AND VISITING CARDS, BALL TICKETS, PROGRAMMES, CONCERT TICKETS, ORDER BOOKS, SEGAR LABELS, RECEIPTS, LEGAL BLANKS, PHOTOGRAPHER'S CARDS, BILL HEADS, LETTER HEADS, PAMPHLETS, PAPER BOOKS, ETC., ETC., ETC., ETC., ETC., Our facilities for doing all kinds of Job Printing superior to any other establish ment in the county. Orders by mail promptly filled. All letters should be ad dressed, J. R. DURBORROW Sr CO. THE PRESIDENT. HIS THIRD ANNUAL LIESSAGE Successful Execution of the Laws FRIENDLY RELATIONS WITH FOREIGN POWERS SEITLING DISPUTES by ARBITRATION OUR NORTHERN BOUNDARY LINE The Re-Call of the Russian Minister THE MOVEMENT AGAINST THE COREANS Cuba and Her Disturbed Condition REDUCTION OFTM: NATIONAL DEBT The Army and Navy Suggestions HU-KLUX AND THEIR OUTRAGES The Mormon and Indian Policies REGULATION OF SOUTHERN AFFAIRS The Protection of Emigrants NEED OF CIVIL SERVICE REFORM To the &nate and House of Representa tives :—ln addressing my third annual message to the law-making branch of the government, it is gratifying to be able to state that during the past year success has generally attendd the effort to execute all laws found upon the statute books. The policy has been not to inquire into the wisdom of the laws already enacted, bat to learn their spirit and intent, and to enforce them accordingly. The past year has, under a wise Providence, been one of gen eral prosperity; to the nation it has, how ever, been attended with more than usual chastisements in the loss of life by storm and fire. These disasters have served to call forth the best elements of human na ture in our country, and to develop a friendship for us on the part of foreign nations which goes far toward alleviating the distresses occasioned by these calami ties. The benevolent, who have so gener ously shared their means with the victims of these misfortunes, will reap their reward in the consciousness of luving perfui med a noble act and in receiving the grateful thanks of men, women and children whose sufferings they have yelieved._ The relations of the United States with foreign powers continue to be friendly.— The year has been an eventful one in wit nessing two great nations. speaking one language and having one lineage, settling by peaceful arbitration disputes of long standing and liable at any time to bring those nations into bloOdy and costly con flict. An example has thus been set which, if successful in its issue, may be followed by other civilized nations, and finally be the means of returning to productive in dustry millions of men now maintained to settle the disputes of nations by the bayon et and the broadside. I transmit a copy of the treaty alluded to, which haS been.con eluded since the adjournment of Congress, with her Britannic Majesty, and a copy of the protocols of the conferences of the com missioners by whom it was negotiated.— This treaty provides methods for adjusting the questions pending between the two na tions. Adjusting Matters With Other Nations. Various questions are to be adjusted by arbitration. I recommend Congress, at an early day, to make the necessary provision for the tribunal at Geneva, and for the several commissions on the part of the United States called for by the treaty. His Majesty, the King of Italy, the President of the Swiss Confederation, and his Majes ty the Emperor of Brazil, have each con sented, on the joint request of the two powers, to name an arbitrator for the tri bunal at Geneva. I have caused my thanks to be suitably expressed for the readiness with which the joint request has been com plied with by the appointment of gentle men of eminence and learning to these important positions. His Majesty the Em i peror of Germany has been pleased to com ply with the joint request of the two gov ernments, and has consented to act as the arbitrator of the disputed water boundary between the United States and Great Brit ain. The contracting parties in the treaty have undertaken to regard, as between themselves, certain principles of public law for which the United States have contend ed since the commencement of their his tory. _ _ They have also agreed to bring these principles to the knowledge of the other maritime powers, and to invite them to ac cede to them. Negotiations are going on as to the form of the note by which the invitation is to be extended to the other powers .I recommend the legislation ne cessary on the part of the United States to bring into operation the articles of the treaty relating to the fisheries and to the other matters touching the relations of the United States toward the British North American possessions, to become operative so soon as the proper legislation shall be had on the part of Great Britain and its possessions. It is much to be desired that this legislation may become operative be fore the fishermen of the United States begin to make their arrangements for the coming season. The Frontier Waters. I have addressed a communication, of which a copy is transmitted herewith, to the Governors of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan. Illinois and Wis consin, urging upon the Governors of these States, respectively, the necessary action on their part to carry into effect the object of the article of the treaty which contem plate, the use of the canals, on either side, connected with the navigation of the lakes and rivers, forming the boundary, on terms of equality by the inhabitants of both countries. It is hoped that the importance of the object and The benefits to flow therefrom will secure the speedy approval and legis lative sanction of the States concerned. I renew the recommendation foran appropri ation for determining the true position of the forty-ninth parallel of latitude, where it forms the boundary between the United States and the 13rit:sh North American possessions, between the Lake of the Woods and summit of the Rocky Mountains. The early action of Congress on this recommen dation would put it in the power of the War Department to place a force in the field during the next summer. The re sumption of diplomatic relations between France and Germany have enabled me to HUNTINGDON, PA give directions for the withdrawal of the protection extended to the Germans in France by the diplomatic and consular re presentatives of the United States in that country. It is but just to add that the delicate duty of this protection bus been performed by the minister and consul-gen oral at Paris and the various consuls in France, under the supervision of the lat ter, with great kindness, as well as with prudence and tact. Their course has re ceived the commendation of the German Government, and has wounded no suscep tibility of the French. The government of the Emperor of Germany continues to manifest a friendly feeling toward the United States, and a desire to harmonize with the moderate and just policy which this government maintains in its relations with the Asiatic Powers, as well as with the South American Republics. I have given assurances that the friendly feelings of that government are fully shared by the United States. The ratification of the con sular and naturalization conventions with the Austro-Hungarian Empire have been exchanged. I have been officially inform. ed of the annexation of the States of the Church to the Kingdom of Italy and the removal of the capital of that kingdom to Rome. In conformity with the established policy of the United States I have recogni zed this change. Treaty of CommerLe with The ratifications of.the new Treaty of Commerce between the United States and Italy have been unchanged. The two Pow ers have agreed in this treaty that private property at sea shall be exempt from cap ture in case of war between the two Pow ers. The United States have spared no opportunity of incorporating this rule into the obligation of nations. The Forty-first Congress, at its third session, wade an ap propriation for the organization of a mixed commission for adjudicating upon the claims of citizens of the United States against Spain, growing out of the insur rection in Cuba, and the commission has since been organized . I transmit herewith the correspondence relating to its forma tion and' its jurisdiction. It is to be hoped that this commission will afford the claim ants a complete remedy for their injuries. It has been made the agreeable duty of the United States to preside over a con ference at 'Washington between the pleni potentiaries of Spain and the allied South Ameri.an republics. which has resulted in' an armistice, with the reasonable assurance of a permanent peace. The intimate friend- y relations whiCh have so long existed be ;ween the United States and ltus.sia con- [nue undisturbed, The visit of the third son of the Emper or is a proof that there is no desire on the part of hit government to diminish the cordiality of those relations. The hospit able reception which has been given to the Grand Duke is a proof that on our side we share the wishes of that government. The inexcusable course of the Russian minist , n. at Washington rendered it necessary to ask his recall, and to decline to longer receive that functionary as a diplomatic represen tative. It was impossible, with self-re spect, or with a just regard to the dignity of the country, to permit Mr. Catacazy to continue to hold intercourse with this gov ernment after his personal abuse of govern ment officials and during his persistent interference, through various means, with the relation between the United States and other powers. In accordance with my - wishes this government has been relieved of further intercourse with Mr. Catacazy, and the management of the affairs of the Imperial legation has passed into the hands of a gentleman entirely unobjectionable. Intimate Relations with Japan, With Japan we continue to maintain intimate relations. The Cabinet of the 3likado has, since the close of the last session of Congress, selected citizens of the United States to serve in offices of impor tance in several departments of the govern ment. I have reason to think that this selection is due to an appreciation of the disinterestedness of the policy which, the United States have pursued toward Japan. It is our desire.to contrive to maintain this disinterested and just policy with China as well as Japan. The correspondence trans mitted herewith shows that there is no disposition on the part of this government to swerve from its established course. Prompted by a desire to put an end to the barbarous treatment of our shipwrecked sailors on the Coreau coast our minister at Pekin was instructed to endeavor to con clude a convention with Corea for securing the safety and humane treatment of such marines. Admiral Rodgers was instructed to accompany him with a sufficient force to protect him in case of need. A small sur veying party, sent out on reaching the coast, was treacherously attacked at a dis advantage. Ample opportunity was given for explanation and apology for the insult. Neither came. A force was then landed. After an arduous march over a rugged and difficult country, the forts from which the outrages had been committed were reduced by a gallant assault, end were destroyed. Having thus punished the criminals, and having vindicated the honor of the flag, the expedition returned, finding it impos sible under the circumstances to conclude the desired convention. I respectfully re fer to the correspondence relating thereto, herewith submitted, and leave the subject for such action as Congress may see fit to take. Mexico, Central and South America. The Republic of Mexico has not yet re pealed the very objectionable laws estab lishing what is known as the "Free Zone" on the frontiers of the United States. It is hoped that this may yet be done, and also that more stringent measures may be taken by that Republic for restraining lawless persons on its frontiers. I hope that Mexico, by its own action, will so6n relieve this government of the difficultiei experienced from these causes. Our relations with the various Republics of Central and South America continue, with one exception, to be cordial and friend ly. I recommend some action by Congress regarding the overdue installments under the award of the Venezuelan claims of 1866. The internal dissensions of that government present no justification for the absence of effort to meet their solemn treaty obligations. The ratification of an extradition treaty with Nicaragua has been exchanged. It is a subject for congratu lation that the great Empire of Brazil has taken the initiatory step towards the abo lition of slavery. Our relations with that Empire, always cordial, will naturally be made more so by this act. It is not too much to hope that the Government of Brazil may hereafter find it for its inter est, as well as intrinsically right to advance toward entire emancipation more rapidly than the present act contemplates. The true prosperity and greatness of a nation is to be found in the elevation and education of its laborers. It is a subject for regret that the reforms in this direc tion, which were voluntarily promised by DECEMBER 13, 1871 the:statesmen of Spain, have not been car ried out in its West India colonies. The laws and regulations for the apparent abo lition of slavery in Cuba and Porto Rico leave most of the laborers inbondage, with no hope of release until their lives become a burden to their employers. I desire to direct your attention to the fact that the citizens of the United States, or persons claiming to be citizens of the United States are large•holders in foreign lands of this specie of property forbidden by the fundamental law of their alleged country. I recommend to Congress to provide by stringent legislation a suitable remedy against the holding, owning, or dealing in slaves or being interested in slave property, in foreign lands, either as owners, hirers, or mortgagees by citizens of the United States. Protection of Americans in Cuba. It is to be regretted that the disturbed condition of the Island of Cuba continues to be a source of annoyance and anxiety. The existence of a protracted struggle in such close proximity to our own territory without apparent prospect of an early ter. minstion, cannot be other than an object of concern to a people who, while abstain ing from interference in the affairs of oth er powers, naturally desire to see every country in the undisturbed enjoyment of peace, liberty and the blessings of free in stitutions. Our naval commanders in Cu ban waters have been instructed, in case it should become necessary, to spare no ef fort to protect the lives and property of bona fide American citizens and to main tain the dignity of the flag. It is hoped that all pending questions with Spain, growing out of the affairs in Cuba, may be adjusted in the spirit. ..f peace and concil iation which has hitherto guided the two Powers in their treatment of such guts dons. To give importance and to add to the efficiency of our diplomatic relations with Japan and China, and to further aid in retaining the good opinion of those people and secure to the United States its share of the commerce destined to flow between those nations and the balance of the com mercial world, I earnestly recommend that an appropriation be made to support. at least four American youths in each of those countries. to serve as a part of the official family of our ministers there. Our repre sentatives would not even then be placed upon an equality with the representatives of Great Britain and of some other powers. As now situated our representatives in Japan and China have to depend for in terpreters and translators upon natives of those countries who know our language imperfectly, or procure for the occasion the services of employees in foreign busi ness houses, or the interpreters to other foreign ministers. I would also recom mend liberal measures for the purpose of assisting the American lines of steamers now plying between San Francisco and Japan and China, and the Australian line. almost our only remaining lities of ocean steamers, and of increasing their services. Our Debt end Our Resources. The national debt has been reduced to the extent of $86,057,126.80 during the year. and by the negotiation of national bonds at a lower rate of interest the inter. est on the public debt has been so far di minished that now the sum to be raised for the interest account is nearly $17,000,. 000 less than on the Ist of March, 1869. It was highly desirable that this rapid diminution should take place, both to strengthen the credit of the country and to convince its citizens of their entire ability to meet every dollar of liability without bankrupting them. But in view 1 of the accompashment of these of ends, of the rapid development of the re- sources of the country, its increasing abili ty to meet large demands and the amount already paid, it is not desirable that the ''present resources of the country should continue to be taxed in order to continue this rapid payment, and I therefore recom mend a modification of both the tariff and internal tax laws, and recommend that all taxes from internal sources be abolished except those collected from spirituous, vinous and malt liquors, tobacco in its va rious forms, and from stamps. In re-ad justing the tariff I suggest that a careful estimate be made of the amount of surplus revenue collected under the present laws, after providing for the current expenses of the government, tha interest account, and a sinking fund; and that this surplus be reduced in such a manner as so afford the greatest relief to the greatest number. There are many articles not produced at home, but which enter largely into general consumption, through articles which are manufactured at home, such as medicines, compounds, ikc., from which very little revenue is derived, but which enter into general use. All such articles I recommend to be placed on the free list. Should a further reduction prove advisable, I would recommend that it be made upon those articles which can best bear it without dis turbing home production or reducing the wages of American labor. I have not en tered into figures, because to do so would be to repeat what will be laid before you in the report of the Secretary of the Treas ury. The present laws for collecting the rev enue pay collectors of customs small sala ries, but provide for moieties and shares in all seizures, which, at principal ports of entry, particularly, raise the compensation of those officials to a larger sum It has always seemed to me as if this system must, at times, work perniciously it holds out an inducement to dishonest men, should such get possession of those offices, to be lax in their scrutiny of goods entered, and to en able them finally to make large seizures. Your attention is respectfully invited to this subject. Continued fluctuations in the value of gold as compared with the national currency has a most damaging effect upon the increase and development of the country in keeping up prices of all articles necessary in everyday life. It fosters a spirit of gambling prejudicial alike to national morals and the national finances. If the question can be met as to how to give a fixed value to our currency, that value constantly and uniformly ap proaching par with specie, a very desirable object will be gained. Operations of Army and Navy. For the operations of the army in the past year, the expense of maintaining it, the estimates for the ensuing year, and for continuing seacoast and other improve ments, conducted under the supervision of the War Department, I refer you to the accompanying report of the Secretary of War. I call your attention to the provisions of the act of Congress, approved March 3, 1869, which discontinues promotions in the staff,corps of the army until provided for by law. I recommend that the number of officers in each grade in the staff corps be fixed, and that whenever the number in any one grade falls below the number so fixed, that the vacancy may be filled by promotion from the grade below. I also recommend that when the office of chief of a corps be comes vacant the place may be filled by selection from the corps in which the va cancy exists. _ _ _ The report of the Secretary of the Navy shows an improvement in the number and efficiency of the naval force witho..t mate rial increase in the expense of supporting it. This is due to the policy which has been adopted, and is being extended as fast as our material will admit of, of using smaller vessels as cruisers on the several stations. By this measure we have been enabled to occupy at once a large extent of cruising ground, to visit more frequent ly the posts where the presence of our flag is desirable, and generally to discharge more efficiently the appropriate duties of the navy in time of peace, without exceed ing the number of men or the expenditure authorized by law. During the past year the navy has, in addition to its regular ser vice, supplied the men and officers for the vessels or the Coast Survey, and has com pleted the surveys authorized by Congress ofthe Isthmus of Darien and Tehuantepec, and under like authority has sent out an expedition completely furnished and equip ped, to explore the unknown ocean of the North. The suggestions of the report as to the necessity for increasing and improv ing the material of the navy, and the plan recommended for reducing the personnel of the service to a peace standard by the gradual abolition of certain grades of offi cers, the redaction of others, and the em ployment of some . in the service of the commercial marine, are well considered, and deserve the thoughtful attention of Congress. I also recommend that all pro motions in the navy, above the rank of captain, be by selection instead of by se niority. . This course will secure in the higher grades greater efficiency and hold out an incentive to young officers to improve themselves in the knowledge of their pro fession. The present cost of maintaining the navy, its cost compared with that of the preceding year and the estimates for the ensuing year, are contained in the ac companying report of the Secretary of the Navy. The Post Office Department. The enlarged receipts of the Post Office Department, as shown by the accompany ing report of the Postmaster General, ex hibit a gratifying increase in that branch of the public service. It is the index of the growth of education ana of the pros perity of the people, two elements highly conducive to the vigor and stability of' re publics. With a vast territory like ours. much of it sparsely populated, but all re quiring the services of the mail, it is u,t at present to be expected that this depart ment can be made self-sustaining, but a gradual approach to this end from year to year is confidently relied on. The day is not far distant when the Post Office De partment of the government will prove a much greater blessing to the whole people Wan it is now. The su:gestions of the Postmaster General for improvements in the department presided over by him, are earnestly recommended to your special at tention. Especially do I recommend favor able consideration of the plan for uniting the telegraph system of the United States with the postal system. It is believed that by such a course the cost of telegraph ing could be much reduced, and the ser vice as well if not better rendered. It would secure the furthtr advantage of extending the telegraph through portions of the country where private enterprise will not construct it. Commercial, Educational and Political, Commerce and trade, above all the ef forts to bring a people widely separated into a community of interest, are always benefitted by rapid inter-communication. Education, the ground-work of republican institutions, is encouraged by increasing the facilities for receiving speedy news from all parts of the country, and the de sire to reap the benefit of such improve ments will stimulate education. I refer you to the report of the Postmaster Gener al for full details of the operations of last year, and for comparative statements of re sults with former years. There has been imposed upon the Executive branch of the government the execution of the act of Congress, approved April 20, 1871, and commonly known as the Kuklux law, in a portion of the State of South Carolina. The necessity of the course pursued will be demonstrated by the report of the commit tee to investigate Southern outrages. Un der the provisions of the above act I issued a proclamation calling the attention of the people of the United Statts to the same, declaring my reluctance to exercise any of the extraordinary powers thereby confer red upon me, except in case of imperative necessity, but making known my purpose to exercise such powers whenever it should become necessary to do so for the purpose of securing to all citizens of the United States the peaceful enjoyment of the rights guaranteed to them by the Constitution and the laws. After the passage of this law, information was received from time to time that combinations of the character referred to in this law existed and were powerful in many parts of the Southern States, particularly in certain counties of the State of South Carolina. Careful in vestigation was made, and it was ascertain ed that in nine counties of that State such combinations were active and powerful, embracing a sufficient portion of the citi zens to control the local authority and having, among other things, the object of depriving the emancipated class of the sub stantial benefits of preventing freeddm and of the free political action of those citizens who did not sympathize with their own views. Among their operations were fre quent seourgings and occasional assassina tions, generally perpetrated at night by disguised persons, the victims in almost all cases being citizens of different political sentiments from their own, or freed per sons who bad shown a disposition to claim equal rights with other citizens. The Habeas Corpus Suspermion. Thousands of inoffensive and well-dis posed citizens were the sufferers by this lawless violence. Therefore, on the 12th of October 1871, a proclamation was issued in terms of the the law calling upon the members of those combinations to disperse within five days, and to deliver to the marshal or military officers of the United States all arms, ammunition, uniforms, dis t ,nises, and other means and implements used by them for carrying out their un lawful purposes. This warning not hiv ing been heeded, on the 17th of October another proclamation was issued suspend ing the privilege of the writ of habeas cor pus in nine counties in that State. Direc tion was given that within the counties so designated persons supposed, upon credit able information, to be members of suds unlawful combinations should be arrested by the military forces of the United States and delivered to the marshal, to be dealt with according to law. In two of said counties, York and Spartanburg, many ar rests have been niade. At the last accounts the number of persons thus arrested was one hundred and sixty-eight. Several hundred, whose criminality was ascertained to be of an inferior degree, were released for the present. These have generally made confessions of their guilt. Great caution has been exercised in making these arrests, and, notwithstanding the large number, it is believed that no innocent person is now in custody. The prisoners will be held for regular trial in the judi cial tribunals of the United States. As sown as it appeared that the authorities of the United States were about to take vig orous measures to enforce the law, many persons absconded and there is good ground for supposing that all of such persons have violated the law. A full report of what has been done under this law will be sub mitted to Congress by the Attorney Gener al. In Utah there still remains a remnant of barbarism repugnant to civilization, to dencency and to the laws of the United States. Territorial officers, however, have been found who are willing to perli.wir their duties in a spirit of equity and with a due sense of sustaining the majesty or the law. Matters in the Far Wont. Neither polygamy nor any other viola tion of existing statutes will be permitted within the territory of the United States. It is not with the religion of the self styled saints that we are now dealing, but with their practices. They will be protected in the worship of God according to the dic tates of their conscience, but they will nut be permitted to violate the laws under the cloak of religion. It may be advisable BR Congress to consider what, in the execu tion of the laws against polygamy, is to be the status of plural wives and their offspring. The propriety of Congress pass ing an Enabling act authorizing the Terri torial Legislature of Utah to legitimatize all children born prior to a time fixed in the act, might be justified by its humanity to these innocent children. this is a sug gestion only, and not a recommendation. The policy pursued toward the Indians has resulted favorably, so far as can be judged from the limited time during which it has been in operation. 'through the exertions of the various societies of Chris tians to whom has been intrusted the exe cution of the policy, and the Board of Com missioners authorized by the law of April 10, 1869, many tribes of Indians have been induced to settle upon reservations, to cultivate the soil, to perform productive labor of various kinds and to partially ac cept civilization. They are being cared for in such a way, it is hoped, as to induce those still pursuing their rid habits of life to embrace the only opportunity which is left them to avoid extermination. I re commend liberal appropriations to carry out the Indian peace policy, not only be cause it is humane, Christianlike and econ omical, but because it is right. I recom mend to your honorable cousideration also the policy of granting a Territorial Gov ernment to the Indians in the Indian Ter ritory of west of- Arkansas - and Missouri and south of Kansas. In doing so every right guaranteed to the Indians by treaty should be secured. Such a course might in time be the means of collecting most of the Indians now between the Missouri and the Pacific and south of the British puss sessions, into one Territory or in a State. The Secretary of the Interior' has treated upon this subject at length, and I commend l i to you his suggestions. I renew my recommendation that the public lands be regarded as a heritage to our children, to be disposed of only as re quired for occupancy and to actual settlers. 'those already granted have been in great part disposed of in such a way as to secure access to the balance by the hardy settler who may wish to avail himself of tt cm, but , caution should be exercised even in attain ing so desirable an object. .1 . Education:it interests may well be served by the grant of the proceeds of the sale of public lands to settlers. Ido nut wish to be misunderstood as recommending, in the least degree, a curtailment of what is bein ,, done by the General Government fur the encouragement of education. The report of the Secretary of the Interior, submitted with this, will give you all the information collected and prepared for publication in regard to the census taken during the year 180, the operations of the Bureau of Ed ucation for the year; the Patent Office; the Pension Office; the Land Office, and the Indian Bureau. The report of the Commissioner of Agriculture gives the operations of his department for the year. As agriculture is the groundwork of our prosperity, too much importance cannot be attached to the labors of this department. It is in the hands of an able head, with able assistants, all zealously devoted to in troducing into the agricultural productions of the nation all useful products adapted to any of the various climates sad soils of our vast territory, and to giving all useful information as to the method of cultivation of the plants, serials and other products adapted to particular localities. Quietly, but surely, the Agricultural Bureau is working a great national good, and, if lib erally supported, the more . widely its influ ence will be extended and the lass depend ent we shall be upon the products of for eign countries. Economy in Governmental Serrice, The subject of compensation to the heads of bureaus and officials holding positions of responsibility and requiring ability and char acter to fill properly is one which your atten Bon is invited. But few of the officials re ceive a compensation equal to the respectable support of a family, while their duties are such as to involve millions of interest in pri vate. Life services demand compensation Neal to the services rendered. A wise econ omy would dictate the same rule in the gov ernment service. I have not given the esti mates for the support of government for the ensuing year, nor the comparative statement between the expenditures fur the year just passed and the one just preceding, becauseall these figures are contained in the accompany ing reports or in the one presented directly to Congress. These estimates have my appro— val. More than six years having elapsed since the last hostile gun was fired between the armies then arrayed against each other--one for the perpetuation, the other fur the destruc tion of the Union—it may well be considered whether it is not now time that the disabilities imposed by the Fourteenth Amendment should be removed. That amendment does not ex clude the ballot, but only imposes the dis ability to hold offices upon certain classes. When the purity of the ballot is secure major- Wes are sure to elect officers reflecting the views of the majority. Ido not see the ad vantage or propriety of excluding men from office merely because they were, before the Rebellion, of standing and character sufficient to be elected to positions requiring them to take oaths to support the Constitution and ad mitting to eligibility those entertaining pre cisely the same views, but of less standing in their communities. t may be said that the former violated au oath, while the latter did not. The latter did not have it in their power to do so. If they had taken this oath it can not be doubted they would have broken it as did the former class. If there are any great criminals distinguish- NO. 49 ed for the part they took in opposition to the gore; nment, they might, in the judgment of Congress, be excluded from such an amnesty. This subject is submitted for yourcareful con sideration. The condition of the Southern States is, unhappily, not such as all true pa triotic citizens would like to see. Social os trac sm for opinion's sake, personal violence or threats towards persons entertaining politi cal views opposed to those entertained by the majority of the old citizens, preventsimmigra tion and the flow of much needed capital into the States lately in rebellion. It will be a happy condition of the country when the old citizens of these States. will take an interest in public affairs, promulgate ideas honestly en tertained, rote for men representing_ their views and tolerate the same freedom of ex pression and ballot in those entertaining dif ferent political convicti',ns. Territorial Government—The Chicago Disaster. Under the provisions of the act of Congress approved February 21, 1871, a Territorialgov erument was organized in the Distrct of Co lumbia. Its results have thus far fully realiz ed the expectations of its advocates. Under the direction of the Territorial officers asystem of improvement has been inaugurated by means of which Washington is rapidly becom ing a city worthy of the nation's capital. The citizens of the District, having voluntarily taxed themselves to a 1 .rge amount for the purpose of contributing to the adornment of the seat of government, I recommend liberal appropriations on the part of Congress, in or der that the government may bear its just share of the expense of carrying out a judici cons system of improvements. By the great fire in Chicago the most important of the gov ernment buildings in that city were consumed. Those burned had already become inadequate to the wants of the government in the growing city, and, looking to the near future, were to , tally inadequate. I recommend, therefore, that , an appropriation be made immediately to pur chase the remainder of the square on which the burned buildings stood, provided it can be purchased at a fair valuation, or provided that the Legislature of Illinois will pass a law authorizing its condemnation for government purposes, and also au appropriation of as much money as can properly be expended toward the erection of buildings during this fiscal year. The number of emigrants, ignorant of our laws, habits, etc., coming into our country an nually has become so great, and the imposi tions practiced upon them so numerous and fla grant, that I suggest Congressional action for their protection. It seems to me a fair sub ject of legislation by Congress. I cannot now state as tally as 'desire the nature of the com plaints made by emigrants of the treatment they receive, but will endeavor to do so during the session of Congress, particularly if the subject should receive your attention. It has been the aim of the administration to enforce honesty and efficiency in all public offices.— Every public servant who has violated the trust placed in him has been proceeded against with all the rigor of the law. If bad men have secured places it has been the fault of the system established by law and custom for ma king appointments, or the fault of those who recommend for government positions persons not sufficiently we.l known to them personal ly, or who give letters indorsing the charac ters of office-seekers without a proper sense of the grave responsibility which such a course devolves upon them. Civil Service Reform. A civil service reform which can correct this abuse is much needed. In mercantile pur suits the business man who gives a letter of recommendation to a friend to enable him to obtain credit from a stranger is regarded as morally responsible for the integrity of his friend and his ability to meet his obligations. A reformatory law which would enforce this principle against all indorsers of persons for pablic place, would insure great caution in ma king recommendations. A salutory lesson has been taught the careless and the dishonest public servants in the great number of pros ecutions and convictions of the last two years. It is gratifying to notice the favorable change which is taking place throughout the country in bringing to punishment those who have proved recreant to the trusts confided to them, and in elevating to public office none but thosepossessing the confidence of the honest and virtuous, who, it will always be found, comprise the majority of the community in which we live. In my message to Congress one year ago I urgently recommended a reform in the civil service of the country. In conformity with that recommendation Congress, in the ninth section of an act making' appropriations for sundry civil expenses of the government, and for other purposes, approved March 3, 1871, gave the necessary authority to the Executive to inaugurate a civil service reform, and placed upon him the responsibility of doing so. Un der the authority of said act I convened a board of gentlemen, eminently qualified for the work, to devise rules and regulations to effect the needed reform. Their labors are not yet complete, but it Is believed that they will succeed in devising a plan which can be adopt ed to the great relief of the Executive, the heads of departments and members of Con gress, and which will redound to the true in terest of the public service. At all events, the experiment shall have a fair trial. have thus hastily slimmed up the opera tions of the government during t•ie last year, and made such suggestions as occur to me to be proper for your consideration. and Submit them with a confidence that your combined action will be wise, statesmanlike, and in the best interest of the whole coutetry. U.S. G RANT. Executive Mansion, Dec. 4, 1871. THE WEED Aoitix.—We have bailie our testimony against the use of tobacco by boys, and we find it corroborated by wise men in every sphere of life. The American Education Society which aids several hundreds of young men in our col leges and seminaries, refuses help to every one using tobacco in any form. The Meth odist General Conference of Indiana has rejected a number of candidates for the ministry for the reason that they were adicted to the habit of chewing or smok ing. They also passed a resolution declar ing that all clerical members of the Con ference persisting iu such a habit, should be excluded from ministerial fellowship. This looks like being in earnest to rid themselves of an extensive and offensive habit. The M. E. General Conference of Massachusetts have taken the same ground and the Congregrtionalists are not far be hind.—Delaware County Repuklican. USEFUL llJNrs.—Never enter a sick room iu a state of prespiration, as the mo ment you become cool your pores absorb. Do not approach contagious diseases with empty stomach ; nor sit between the sick and the fire, because the heat attracts the thin vapor. Prince Pierre Bonaparte was married to Madame Riffton iu order to legitimize two children that that lady had borne him. He had previously married the lady, but the Emperor had declared the ceremony null and void. No sooner has Brazil abolished slavery, than she begins to call for school books. Frcelom and education g, together; lib erty and the spelling-book are one and in seprable. Deer will be plenty in lowa this winter. They have damaged the unhusked corn Sells near Sioux City very materially, and abound in droves of half a dozen head. A Georgia laundress of color wept be cause some paper collars, which she tried to renovate, "done wash all to finders; for true." Farmers are sowing wheat in northern Texas. Seed wheat there is reported scarce. To become theiion of a party it is not necessary to make a beast of one's self,
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