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• rgitrii; or other short lgoiices - 1• 50
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18434.
[We copy the following interesting
summtiry- of events during the past
Soar froth the Philadelphia Press.]
As tide lathe last opportunity we
' 3 =,-alaidi.haVe of addressing our readers in
the 'year 1864; We take Occasion to
resent a .completo summary of all
the events that have marked. its place
•in the , •workVs history. To us it, has
"been an eientful year, and in coming
mes it will be remembered with pride.
.s - the-fret - year of Emancipation it
marks an era in the, history of the
world, for we have passed through the
ordeal'cif war to the accomplishment
-of a great social and moral problem.
'This has been done with the sword and
fire ; and now, as we are- about to pass
'into amitlferNew Year of anxiety, and
„probation; and effort, nothing can be
more profitable than a retrospect of
the. Closing year, and by comparison
- With the progress of other nations to
qsee how far we have adVanced in our
-duty as a• people. Has Eighteen Hun
. dred,and Sixty-four been dulyemploy
-ed ? Have. we done our part in the
great work that belongs to us as a peo
ple just as much as works of charity,
and benevolence, and truth belong to
us as citizene? What have our neigh.
bore been doing? Row is it with the
countries far away ? with people of
strange tongues and different opportu
nities 7 Above all, how shall we pass
through the great humiliation to the
t great e"xaltation This is the time, for
'sellexaminationi and such is the main
feature of our chityde-day.
-Of course the subject that most in
iterests us in this review is the progress
of our armies in the suppression of the
--seat rebellion. We should be rejoie
rin this new year if we could convoy
-the announcement that peace reigned
.over the Republic; but Nye can find a
,gratification alaost as great in review
- 'ing the campaigns that hays taken
. ; plate. The beginning .of the year
Abend our armies at rest. Gon. Rose . .
cratia bad failed to drive Johnston be
fore Chattanooga, and the illustrious
Grant Vat -begirining•to Magnetise the
• lethargic armies of the West by the in
fluence 'of his own personal genius.
The country was rejoicing over the
'victory of Lookout Mountain ; and
early in January we find Grant on a
tour of inspection through the military
departments' of East Tennessee and
Kentucky. Longszreet was menacing
Knoxville, Lee held the lint of the
Rappahannock and threatened Wash
ington and Pennsylvania, Sherman
was busily driving the rebels out of the
valley of- the Yazoo, while the rebel
armies of Texas and Arkansas were
quietly concentrating against General
Banks. Our armies were manoeuvring
for positions. We trace Smith's
,expo
_.dition on its way from Tennessee to
.Louisiana, and we find Sherman busily
destroying the railroads and military
-depots in Mississippi.' The first en
gagement of the year is a little affair
between Forest and A. J. Smith. which
furnishes no practical results. Grant's
lieutenants having destroyed the rebel ,
7esources in the valley of the Mississip
pi, and prevented the army of Mobile
from moving to the relief of Johnston,
we find - him taking up that march
through Georgia which Shorinaitafter-.
wards continued with such magnificent
success. In the latter Part of February
the Army of the West moved from
Itiiiggold - towards Dalton, and Long- -
street retired from East Tennessee.
This was the end of the rebel occupa
tion of that deveted country, and one
of the - most gratifying circumstances
_connected with the campaigns of 1864
'4l the fact that wo have been able to
told patient, loyal, long suffering
ast Tennessee against the whole
..4bel army. In Virginia, Kilpatrick
- tufted on his romantic expedition
• against Richmond, which achieved no
practinaLresult and cost us the life of
ithe gallant young Dahlgren. Sher
man was in New. Orleans consulting
with -Banks as to his Red-river cam
paign, while all along the -Southern
coastirthe nation seemed to be at rest.
In the beginning of March the gun
boats of Poker, and a detachnient of
Sherman's arms-, concentrated on the
!led river - for the purpose of assisting
:len. Banks: -Grant -became conarnan
-f of the armies of the. United
• 9 " •-d thel2thof March
.011 w e
1 Sherman taking command of the
-joie military division of the Mississ
---
• ippi. General. A; J. Smith captured/
Fort De Russey, on the Red river, and
Banks moved up through Louisiana to
_ Alexandria; This nr. fOrtu eat& : oxpe r
dition was the only failure, of our mil
_ itary year. Banks occupied Alexan
dria in One,- and.. early ,in April con
pentrated at Grandßpore, At a point
called'`t~ilpn'.a farm, alaaitt -fifty miles
'rout Natehilochee, a : battle was fought
043stween liis':armY and that of the Con
, ledefateS under the command of 'Maj.
WILLIAM LEWIS, Editor and. Proprietor
VOL XX,
General Taylor. On the first day,-Ow
ing to some mismanagement, the Fed
eral army was routed, and, on the next
day, having retreated to Pleasant Hill
(a point about ten miles distant from
the scene of the first day's engagement),
Banks defeated the rebels, and insured
his successful and uninterrupted • re
treat to Grand bloom, There is no
doubt that had it not been for the ec
centric character of the waters of the
Red River and the wildness of the
country occupied by the Union army,
General Banks 'would have succeeded
in recoveringfrom the disaster of Wil
son's Farm, and taken Shreveport. But
the waters of the Red river suddenly
fell, and the great expedition of Porter
was thus placed in a peril which it re
quired the exertions of the army and
navy to avoid. So our armies retreat
ed back to New Orleans, and the ter
ritory of Louisiana, with the excep
tion of those points held by our forces,
was eetirely abandoned to the rebel
sway. Now that we can speak of the
Red river expedition with something
of historical accuracy, we think it will
be found that a great deal of the cen
sure visited upon General Banks for
his management of thattampaign was
unjust. It is known that be moved
upon Shreveport against his own judg
ment; and when the secret details of
that campaign are given to the world
by the cold and impartial pen of the
historian, it 'will be seen that ulterior
influences in Banks' own army conspi
red to produced his overthrow. It
was not for the Administration of Mr.
Lincoln to investigate this; but judge
ing Banks by the violentyet necessary
test of suecess, General Canby su
perseded him, and was placed in com
mand of all the divisions of the army
lying west of the Mississippi river.
Another expedition—into-Mai un
der command of Gen. Seymour,
which seems, also, to have been rash
ly managed, was defeated at Olustee
with a severe loss. These two 'disas
ters ushered in the military year ; arid
although in their material effort on the
prospect of the war they were trifling,
still they served to depress and dis.
hearten the'country, In the beginning
of March we find the Lieutenant Gen
eral of the army at 'Washington, as
sumiug formally command of the ar
mies of the United States. He had
just left Sherman to complete the work
which he himself began, and with
the energy peculiar to his char
acter, set' immediately about the
task of reorganizing the Army of
the Potomac. Hancock, Sedgwick,
and Warren were placed in command
of the three principal corps, while
Meade retained his old position. Gen
eral Butler was assigned to the pe 7
partment of Virginia, and, in addition
to the defences of Norfolk a-nd the
James, was charged with the opera
tions of a co-operating army. The
Lieutenant General took the field at,
Culpeper oh the 24th of March, and in
the latter part of that
. month we find
him reviewing his now command.
While the country was smarting un
der our defeats in Arkansas and Lou
isiana, Giant was busily at work in
'Virginia. The Army of the Potomac
was weeded out; half-hearted and
tim
id generals were sent to distant and
unimportant fields of service, and those
who had served the country well were
assigned to the important positior.s.
The rebels seemed to have anticipated
active operations in the Army of the
Potomac, for we see them gradually
concentrating their forces at Rich
mond. Beauregard joined Lee and a
part of Longstreet's' army returned
from East Tennessee. About the be
ginning of May, the two armies began
to move. Sherman, havifig made
himself faMiliar with the details of
his new department, marched upon
Atlanta on the fourth of May, while
Grant, on the second of the same
month, Vegan his advance on Rich
mond. On the fifth of May, Butler
moved his co-operating column from
Newport. News . to City Point. The
beginning of May,.therefore,.found all
of our -armies, -under Grant's strong
will, moving simultaneously through
Georgia and Virginia. From this
time, one man governed the Union ar
mies, and, in the summing up of the
events of this year, -it will.be necessa
ry to speak of our military operations
hereafter as the work of one mind,
and not, as has hitherto been, the op
erations of different and independent
generals.. On May the sixth, we find
Sherman's whole army, under Thom
as, McPherson; and Schofield, in Geor
gia, pressing Johnston, who had retir
ed beyond Ringgold; Butler Is advan
cing frorn- Petersburg against Beaure.
gard, while Grant is hurling his entire
army against Lee and beginning the
great battle of the Wilderness. Talc
lag the results of this campaign, it
may be said that the most terrific
fighting of the war occurred during
these early days of May, when Grant
engaged Lee in the neighborhood of
Spottsylvanin. The battle began on
the 6th of May in the Wilderness, and
on the 12th Hancock made his bril
liant assault at Spottsylvania ; Sher
idan defeated Stuart at Yellow Tav
ern, killing that brilliant and erratic
soldier and destroying the bridges
over the Chickahominy, and joined
Butler, who was investing Petersburg.
On the sixteenth Butler made an at
tack upon the enemy at Drury's Bluff.
and was repulsed, while the effort of
Beauregard to break, our line was
unsuccessful. A second attempt was
made by Ewell, which failed; and on
the twentieth General Grant succeeded
in forcing Lee beyond the North An
na river. The movements of Grant
during the month of May were for the
purpose of forcing Lee back upon
Richmond; and on the twenty-ninth
of' May Grant crossed the Pamunkey .
river and occupied the old camps of the
army of General McClellan. On the
third of June be made an assault upon
the rebels near Cold Harbor, and on
the ninth of June General Entler be
gan the siege of Petersburg. An at
tempt waS made by General Kautz to
carry the rebel works, which failed;
and on Juno the fourteenth the advance
of the Army of the PotoMac crossed
the James river at Wilcox's Landing.
The operatiour around Petersburg
were veryzactive during these summer
months, and many assaults were made
upon that city, but without success.
On the twenty-third, General Warren
cut the Weldon Railroad, but our force
was not strong enough to hold it. Ef
forts were made by, our cavalry to
break up the rebel communications,
but they seem to have been uniformly
unsuccessful, and General Wilson re
turned from his raid to Bermuda Hun
t rc . an
men. Lee, having escaped annihila
tion, took advantage of a breathinr ,
make
in the early part of July to mae
a demonstration upon the city of Wash- 1
ington ; and so, upon the aixth of that
month, we see General Early concen
trating his forces at Harper's Ferry,
and General McCausland occupying
Hagerstown. General Wallace, on
the ninth, made an attempt to drive
Early out of Maryland,
,and was do- I
feated at Monocacy and compelled to I
retreat towards Baltimore. A raiding
party under Gilmor cuts the Philadel
phia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Rail
roae„ and on the twelfth General Breek
inridge invested Washington City, but
was repulsed in an attack upon Fort
Stevens, and on the thirteenth of July
the invading army retreated into Vir
ginia by way of Harper's Ferry. Not
disposed to abandon the hope of rava
ging the North, and finding the works
of Washington too strong for him,
Early proved his army into the north
ern part of the valley - of. the Shenan
doah, and on the thirtieth of July
took possession of Chambersburg,
which was burned bY General McCaus
land, amid circumstances of extraordi
nary perfidy and barbarity. The op
erations of the Amy of the Potomac
since the iavestment of Petersburg
have not been of a character to mate
rially affect the final results of the war.
In the summer General Grant began
slowly to invest that city. In the latter
part of August a detachment takes
possession of the Weldcin Railroad,
destroying that lino of communication.
A continued assault was made upon
the rebel works on the 25th of August,
which failed, and Grant, having taken
up his position, and held Lee in his
trenches, sent Sheridan into the valley
of the Shenandoah for the purpose of
destroying thc , rebel power in that im
portant part of the enemy's dominions.
It certainly must have been with
some trepidation that General Sheri
dan took command of a department
which was only noted in our history
as the scene of mistakes and failures;
but the history of the year reflects
honor on that gallant commander, en
tirely justifying the confidence of
Grant by his energy and genie?. On
the 19th of September, Sheridan at
tacked Early, capturing five thousand
prisoners and fifteen . battle-flags, and
killing Generals Rhodes and Gordon.
The rebels, presuming upon the suc
cessful impunity with which they had
invaded Maryland, massed their army
under Early for the purpose of a pro
longed invasion of Pennsylvania.
Sheridan's victory ended this dream,
and wo seo that general on the 20th
in hot pursuit after the ambitions reb
el. On the twenty-second of Febru
ary he again attacked Early nt Fish
er's Hill, and drove him with great
confusion, capturing twenty-one,guns.
On the 26th he occupied Staunton,
and, inspired by his success, Geheral
Grant made another movement upon
Petersburg, .which did not. alter: 'the
position: of it - finks. In order . to pre-,
vent it from being a nest and a refuge
HUNTINGDON, PA., WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 18, 1865.
-PERIt:NTERE.
for rebel armies, General S.eridan
took advantage of his victories to de
stroy all the grain, railroads, the
means of subsistence and of commu•
nication on the lino of his march; and
on theseventh of October he arrived
at Woodstock, having completed this
terrible but jest military measure.!-:-
On the ninth of October ho again at
.tacked the rebels, capturing eleven
guns; and on the nineteenth of Octo
bet he achieved his last and greatest
victory. Early, having been rein
forced from Richmond, made an attack
upon Sheridan, and succeeded in dri—
ving the army a couple of Mites. La
ter in the day, howeVer, the tide turn
ed, and the rebels were completely
routed, losing fifty guns, two thousand
prisoners, and a great part of their
camp equipage. After thus finishing
his work, Sheridan returned to Win
chester, in the OM ly part of Novem
ber, with the intention, we presume,
of entering into winter, quarters. The
results of Sheridan's.campaign may
be appreciated when we .remeMber
the magnitude of the danger which
the Middle States have been incurring
with the valley of the Shenandoah a
constant avenue, es it were, for the
invading rebel army. Leo' has enter
ed this State on two occasions and
subsisted his army upon our fertile
territory; and as long. as Grant was
busy with the enemy before Richmond
there was a constant danger of Penn
sylvania and Maryland being devasta
ted by the rebel forces. Therefore
we can attribute to Geheral Grant
this first great result; iwhile holding
Leo at bay at Richmond ho has saved
out Northern homes from devastation.
Let us go back to the West. In the
month of March we find General
Grant moving his armi , from Chatta
nooga against Johnston, when he is
recalled to Wiishington, and his great
i utenan , ,
mend. Before Grant went to Wash
ington he had succeeded in driving
Lon street out of East Tennessee, and
the weeks spent by him in reorgan
zing the Army of thO Potomac were
icmployed by Sherman in strengthen
ing the Army of the West While
Grant was thundering at the columns
of Lee in the celebrated Wilderness,
Sherman was moving steadily upon
Johnston. The policy of Johnston
seems, to have been to slowly retreat
before ShorMan, for the purpose of
drawing him into the interior of Geor
gia and then destroying his army.- 7
Events, we think, have shown that
this would have been the true rebel
policy. But it did not meet the favor
of the rebel Government, and eviden—
ces of dissatisfaction began to appear
in all parts of the Confederacy. On
the eighteenth of May Sherman had
taken Kingston. On the twentY--
eighth ho approached Dallas, when
Johnston, being pressed probably 'too
earnestly, or it may be yielding to the
wishes of the rebel Goviirnment, gave
battle to Sherman, and was defeated
with great loss. After the battle at
Dallas, Johnston continued his retreat,
and on June first, having taken a po
sition at Alatoona, he was compelled
by Sherman to abandon it, and to oc
cupy a strong point in the Kenosaw
mountains, near Marietta, which he
held for several weeks. Finally, he
was flanked by McPherson, and re
treated precipitately, crossing the
Chattahoochie river on the third day
of July, and falling back to the city
of Atlanta. Sherman now was com—
plete master of Northern Georgia, and
in the middle of July crossed the
Chattahoochie and invested Atlanta.
Johnston was disposed to continue his
policy of retreating, but
, the rebels
would no longer submit to this, and
accordingly, on the seventeeth of Ju
ly, he was relieved from command, and
superseded by General Hood. This
indicated a termination on the part of
the rebels to fight for Atlanta, and
Sherman gave them a speedy oppor
tunity. On the twenty-second of Ju
ly.a fierce battle was fought for the
possession of the city, which resulted
in the defeat• of the rebel forces,
though the victory was not decisive
enough to compel them to leave their
camps. Sherthan, however, closely
invested the city gradually, forced
Hood back upon the town, cutting
the Macon Railroad by a flank move
ment directed by Kilpatrick, destroy
ing the West Point Railroad, thwart
ing Wheeler's attempts to cut his
communications with Nashville, do
.
fbating Hood on 'the thirty-first of
August in another attempt to raise WO
siege, and finally, having Surrounded
Atlanta; compelled its commander to
suddenly abandon the town.' Sher
man dfove bum thirty miles and theu
returned to his conquered city to re
organize and refresh his-army. - Hav
ing thug taken Atlanta, ivhieh fora_
long time had been the vaunted Se
haritopol Of the South-west, Sher Man
... ......
, . ..
-,.-:
--.
4°
destroyed that place so far as its mil
itary usefulness was concerned, ban
ished its inhabitants, and began pre 7
partitions for the second step-:of his
great campaign. The early part of
September was then occupied in the
depopulation of Atlanta , and an at
tempt of Hood to- sever Sherman's
communications with Nashville. So
terribly was the lose of this place felt,
that Davis himself went out to the
headqtiarters. of Hood's army and di
rected in person the new campaign.
Beanregard was , placed in command
of -the , military .department. The
rebel army was set in motion with the
published intention of advancing into
Tennessee, and so .destroying Sher
man's communications that ho would
be compelled to retreat, • destroying
his army in the fastnesses of Georgia,
finally invading Ohio. Sherman was
not a man to be daunted by any such
threat, and we find hini very quietly,
during the early fall months, strength
ening-his army, repairing the railroad
between Atlanta and Alatoona, and
making, ready for a:movement through
Georgia. During the early part of
October, Hood marched round Atlanta
and attacked Dalton. Retreating
from this point, the rebels abandoned
the whole road from Tilton to Atlanta,
which they had occupied in the Lope
of destroying Sherman, and are close
ly pursued by that commander into
Alabama, who makes this feint for the
purpose of deceiving the rebels as to
his intentions. The month of October
is spent in manceuvres, and Sherman
returns to Kingston, where Le issues
the order for his grand march. Di
recting Thomas to,Temain at Nashville
with one portion of the army, and
Schofield to remain in Tennessee, cov
ering East Tennessee, ,with the other
portion, ho takes, the 14th, 17th, and
20th Cori* and on the twelfth of No
mare ) through
Georgia, his army progressing in two
columns; one commanded by General
Howard, and the other by General
Slocum. On the tenth, the town of
Rome was burned. On the fifteenth,
'he feached Atlanta, having destroyed
all the bridges;: rail Ways, and every
thing in the rear that could ho of set%
vice. On the seventeenth, the left
wing passed through Conyers, and
crossed the Yellow river. On the
twentieth, Milledgeville was taken,
and' the Governor's house, Capitol, and
penitentiary burned: On the twenty
firth, the army left Milledgeville, mo- .
ving along the line of the Georgia
Central Railroad towards Millen, and
thoroughly destroying it. While one
portion of the army made a feint up
on AUgusta, by way of the Glassbor- •
ough road, the right wing, under How
ard, took possession of Millen, and
moved towards Savannah river, to
king possession of the town of Jack
sonborough, and marching rapidly to
a point fifteen miles from Savannah,
while, at the same time, the other
wing cut the canal connecting the
Ogeechce and Savannah rivers, and
sent a messenger to communicate the
tiding of its safety to the Union gun
boats that awaited its approach in Os- 1
sabaw Sound. On the sixteenth, Fort
McAllister was captured by assault,
and Sherman marched directly upon,
Savannah, formally demanding the
'surrender of that place. On the 20th
preparations were made for an attack,
but during the night Hardee evacua- '
ted the town, and Savannah was ours.
In the meantime, General Hood, see
ing that Sherman had ceased the
pursuit and turned off into Georgia,
marched into Tennessee with the
avowed purpose of overpowering
Thomas and invading the North. On
the eighteenth of November an at
tempt was made to take Knoxville,
but was repulsed. Thomas withdrew
from Pulaski to Columbia, Tennessee,
Hood closely following him. His
army occupied .Corinth, Alabarria,:and
Florence, Mississippi, and was under
Beaurogard's personal command. On
the twenty-eighth, Hood took Shelby
ville. On the twenty-ninth Spring
Mill was captured, and -on the thir
tieth Thomas made d stand at Frank
lin. Hood attacked him and compell
ed our army to retreat to Nashville.—
On the fifteenth of December, . Hood
.having closely 'invested Nashville,
Thomas attacked his left wing,. injur
ing him so Seilerely, that he withdrew
during the niglit. The next day
Thomas attacked his .sOcOnd:position,•
anffeompletely routed,the l rebel]
force, pursuing it as far fisDubk river,
and when last heard . frotalthere was
a fair probability that the whole corn•
mand might be captured.
There are other movements iu ,the
military campaign of a minor charac
ter, but wo have sketelied as fully as ,
necessary thegreat combina 7
tions of the year.. General Price made
an n Vade . MISSOuri; In Sep;:
feather or:OciOber ; and.*s AriVen : out
TERMS, $2,00 a. year in advance
of the State. General Breekinridge
endeavored to imitate Morgan's great
raid into Kestucky, and forced his way
to the Ohio river and through West
Virginia,. but as tho year closes we
hear intelligence of his utter ruin at
Saltville. Every one of our expedi
tions throughout the year has been a
success, with the excoptiOn of the two
expeditions conneated . with the cam
paigns in - Florida and Louisiana;which
were lost through the miamanage
meat of those in commandoind the re
cent attempt at Wilmington, which
seems to have„ hem ,a drawn, battle.
The . year 1864 has developed military
genius of the highest order in our ar
mies. It has placed Sherman in the
,first rank of generals. It has shown
Sheridan and Thomas to be possessors
of the finest 'qualities of the warrior,
and, above all, it redounds to the hon
or of General Grant for baying had
the sagaeitY .
,to gather around him
these gallant and gifted men. When
tho year began our progress. in rebel
subjugation . was limited and disheart
ening. During the year wo have en
tered every Southern State; our ar
mies have marched and countermarch
ed through the very • heart of the
Confederacy. We have held thous
andB of miles of coast. Farragut, in
hls gallant attack upon' 3fobile, has
made a name that-will live by the side
of Nelson. And the new year opens
with a prospect that, unless-Ahnigh
ty God should visit us with some sig
nal disaster, we may hope to see the
whole Southern country in the pos
session of the Union army before the
months of spring.
While the Republic of America has
been the scene
. of these devastating
wars, Europe narrowly escaped a gen
eral conflagration. The beginning of
the year found Poland in a condition
_of_insurrection; almost hopeless in the
beginning, but stimulated by the hope
that England and France would inter
fere and secure its independence. This
interference did not go beyond the
writing of diplomatic notes, in which
Count Gortschakofflound an oppertu
nity to 'severely shub,Earl Masao and
Monsieur Drouyn de L'Huys. So Po
land was loft.to its fate; Russia,,With
appalling severity, so completely crush:
ed the rebellion that the power of Czar
may be regarded as Supreme. In :
Circassia the Russian Government, by
an act of unexampled rigor, succeeded
in restoring tranquillity: The whole
country of Cireassia was depopulated.
Tilousands of Circassians, including
the bravest and the best of that ro
mantic and singular race, wore driver,
from their homes to the cold and irhos•
pitablo dominions that border on the
Black and Caspian Seas, to find, under
the rule of the Turk. and the Tartar,
the comfort which they bad failed to
obtain from the Czar. In Italy the
work of reconstructing a kingdom
from the remnants of Neapolitan and
Austeian misrule has been slowly pro
grossing; and, although the hopes of
tho friends of freedom have been up
lifted by the singular and sudden change
of the Italian provinces to Italian unity,
the dissensions' of that 'people have,
thus far, prevented any permanent es
tablishment of law and order. Italy
severely feels the loss of the great
Count Cavour. Ho alone could match
the wily Emperor of Franco. We now
find the people of that delicious coun
try bleeding; from the old rankling
wounds of brigands, internecine quar
rels, local jealousies, and broils be
tween friends of Victor Emmanuel
and Garibaldi. King Victor sits in
Turin while Garibaldi lives a petulant
life in his Island of Caprera. King
Victor is the personification of conser
vatism and order, and wishes to unite
Italy at any cost; while Garibaldi
clamors for instant and exterminating
war to drive the French out of Rome
and the Austrians out of Venice.
While our sympathies are with the
rugged; glorious nature of Garibaldi,
our reason leads us to regard the
course of King Victor as the true one,
and that, whether Italy will. ever: sue
ceed in being regenerated- or , not, it
cer - iainly never-can become a king
dein by entering into • a: war
with the Emperor. Napoleon. In
Greece, : the :Danish boy-king has a
sad time of it with the. descendants
of Pindar and Pericles. : We can
almost realize the days of the
Oligarchy in reading the squabples
of the new kiiig and Ms iteW sub
jects. The: great event in Europti:
an polities_ has been . the Da.
nisli• and
.Germaft war. • 'The
Sohleswig.lielstem question has:'been
a trouble to the diplomatists of Europe;
and after the hostilities of 1848 it-Was
regarded - as an adjourned queStion by
the Germans. The provinces 'of
'Schleswig and Ifolstein border upon
those of Denmark, ~and t have„alsvaya
:been coneidered, by virtue of some
*almost forgotten tradition ; to hal!. Tart, ,
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the best style, every variety of Job Print tr, enc,
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CALL. Pi]) EXAMINE 5P7C1117213 '
AT LEWIS' BOOK, STATICiNER4 A Ilt8I0'870&111
NO. 29.
of the. Germanic Confederation..._ The' :
King of Denmark governs , them_ by,
virtue. of subsequent treaties, but,tha ;
fact that Schleswig and golstoin‘bOr."•
der upon ':the North Sea, and !gave.
Denmark commercial power—all doflr
portunco that Germany has constantly(
longed for--rande it a: part. Of.,l,thw
German policy to withdraw themTrota
under the rule of , the Danos,.. By
treaty signed al Louden, in 1052, got,
great .Powers:of Europe sgunranteed
the integrity.of the.Denish Kingdom,,
and declard that it. was
~neeeasary
to . •that integrity„ .that the -.,.itirp0 .. 02.!
Denmark, 8110111 d, 'goverm peldiayeig
and Holstein ; but upOn the 4814 . 1;4 .
the recent King, Germany again,,r4
forward its claims, and.demanded.the . ..,
evacuation of the two provinensopoi
lying upon England and Franee r anit
the probable support of . Sweden and,
Norway, Denmark resisted this,,de 7 .
mand, whereupon the ;Austrians and
Prussians marched into the Daniel l '
country, eccupied the, disputed proV.,
WOOS, and marched into .Tutland,,thus,
'holding with their armed.men 'the,
greater portion of the Danish country,
Although England and F,F411103, .bp
every, moral consideration, was bennd
to redeem their pledge, to ; Denmark,
yet, when the time, came for assisting
the Danes with material forOO:,:-.09ge..
Governments withdrew ; hence; there
could be no doubt as te:the.reeult.- 7
Poor little. Denmark, even. including
the disputed provinces, .not half .the
6iZO of Pennsylvania, had no regmako,
but to submit. The German ,Peivera t
used their victory harshly PT > 0:9F ;
making the Danes pay the . expeaSeS,
of the army, they, compelled a,completo
abandonment;of both pchleswig!lausl
Holstein. Peace, however, lasure 7
turned to Europe, and the elosebf-the
year finds every kingdomof this . t.con4
tinent peace..: The Ethperor,
France continues his work Of central
ization, and sternlz. represses- every
effort at liberty.or enterpriee..: . Aceoro;
ding to the present system-of govern
ment, France is- tbe State, -and the:.
State. i s..Napsde o a. J,Wasatad: tbacEni4.
peror buaying himselEwithf the:great
and ,smalli,details of l fe,, ritrt;°only.
dictating diplomacy to. kingdoms and+
controlling ambitious,newspapers,' but
regulating the prine of,,broad, iniprov-•
ing the breed of eattle,•an d establishing ,
libraries for .the poOr.. England: has
been growing' rich out of theL'Amori-:
can war, and has made 'enough
money from our commerce: :cter
feed Lancashire and develop riew , fields*.
of cotton in the East Indies: . In "'Pm--
Zealand the Colonial Government
been engaged in an irritating War with,
a tribe called the Maoris; ihe ciPlyre•:-
salt orwhich has been, thus far, tolKeep
New Zealabd in a condition of uproar,
and make John Bull grumble at &the
condition of his tax ;bill. In ;China','
the lingering Tarter rebellienseeins'fn
haVe been almost crushed, ap4 iltere,
established Emperor folds his ingested+ ;
ty taxed to invent new' meads - ortiir:
tune f()r his rebellion§ subjeOte: - ...
chin China, the French :have: Iken - -,
establishing their power and .intehing.
new conquests into. Cambodia;•--Eng
land, France and Ameried- have'been
knocking at the doors of Japan - . Ti us'
far, that country is a, sealed book, an.
nothing but measures as severe instliose
visited upon China wherrthe English
broke open the palace of Poking,'*ill
enable Eastern traders to, visit
joy this strange, luster:inns:laud, - A;
DOW light has dawned upon Afriba; mid
it has fallen to the lot of theigeografpW,
ers of 1864 to "trace; for the'
the sources of the Nile. The
lie of Liberia is progressingralndlyin
the arts of oiVilization. , The Algerian
provinces are rapidly becoming =en=
lightened, and we should‘not he . sq.:
prised if the enterprise ofFranea'arid'
and England would open, to nee, eel/11 7
try in the interiornf. Africa 'rivalling
in fertility and wealth Autitralinibel- - •
orado, or Califernia,'-
In our own coulatry - the events, ot
the war havelmen so eloselyi:allied3n . :
those of ppace l that.in
mary of the VariOup
have almost insensibly pretionteatirthQ,
reader an, ides at our materiat
litioal progress. 3.B64has.heeu aLyeuro
of trial for the Ambriotuip6pjo: The
leaders of the rebellion bad
three bloody years withcrOt , supetssh
They based theit; .hopes .of the ,recog—:
nition of the Confederacy upOrf%
triumph - of what is called the Dii*O...;'
eratie payty of the North. They we i r/
led to this, by the fact thaol.QWV.9filltkri-,..
States,impatient and exacting: ith thin,
Adminisiratiori;'and•pertiaykirrit'Etiiia
byt,posaftei.ineAfWar i btaol446lo.ol.. 9 3
didiiies Offiee'WhO werei 3 OatMi.t t v
Mr. Linoolu: ..Stiniulated,bY)thiobobeV4
their' ends 01f.th0,.-rebellion ,, , atidl •tbidico
Syvatl?izers, in 13g.1ar i lid and in'tlW
h.
Nertglthade t lii*436,,ea'oti4 l ;fkir ,) o -
riccorqiitieti.. : . the.' :el,e9ifei3it:
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