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Cly 61,0 e,
HUNTING-DON, PA.
FATALITY,
I have seen her, with her golden hair,
And her exgnisite primrose face,
And the violet in her eyes;
And . my heart received Its own depair—
The thrall of a hopeless grace,
And the knowledge of how youth dies
Lira hair afloat with snakes of gold,
And a throat as white as snow,
And a stately figure and font;
And that faint pink smile, so sweet, so cold,
Like a wood anemone, closed below
The shade of an ilex root.
And her delicate milk-white hand in mine,
And her pensive voice in my ear,
And her eyes downcast as we speak.
I am filled with a rapture, vague and line;
For:there has fallen a sparkling tear
Over her soft, pale cheek.
And I know that all is hopeless now ; •
And that which might have been,
Had she only waited a year or two,
Is turned to a wild regret I know,
Which will haunt us both, whatever the
scene,
dad whatever the path we go
Meanwhile, for ov e moment, hand in hand,
We game on each other'a eyes ;
And the red moon rises above us ;
We linger with love in the lovely land—
Italy with its yearning skies,
And its wild white stars that love us•
MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT,
To the Senate and !louse of Representa
MEM
Again the blessings of health and
abundant harvests claim our profoun
dest gratitude to Almighty God. The
condition of our foreign affairs is re:t
-een:6ly satisfactory. Mexico contin
ues to be the theatre of civil war.—
While our political relations with that
country have undergone no change,
we have at the same time strictly
maintained neutrality between the bel
ligerents. At the request of the States
of Costa Rica and Nicaragua a com
petent engineer has been authorized
to make a survey of the river San Ju
an,And the port of San Juan. It is a
source of much satisfaction that the
difficulties which, for a moment, exci
ted some political apprehensions, and
caused a closing of the inter oceanic
transit route' have been amicably ad
justed, and that there is a good pros
pect that the route will soon be open
ed with an increase of capability and
adaptation. We would not exagger
ate either the commercial or the po
litical importance of that great im
provement. IL would be doing injus
tice to au impOrtant South American
State not to acknowledge the direct
ness, frankness and cordiality with
which th - e- United States of Columbia
have entered into intimate relations
with this government. A. claims con
vention has been constituted to cum-
plete the unfinished work of the one
which dosed its sessions in 1861. The
now liberal constitution of Venezuela
having gone into effect with the uni
versal acquiescence of the people, the
government under it has bee t tcrecog_
nized and diplomatic inte r reov'rse with
it has been opened:ln a cordial and
friorjA
- The long deferred
Avis Island claim has been satisfacto
rily paid and discharged. Mutual pay
ments have been made of the claims 1
asarded by the Joint Commission for
the settlement of claims between the
United States and Peru. An earnest
and cordial friendship continues to ex
ist between the two countries and
such efforts as were in my power have
been used to remove misunderstan
ding, and avert a threatened war be
tween Peru and Spain. Our relations
are of the most friendly nature, with
' - enr, - the Argino Republic, 13otivar,
Costa Rica, Paragua, San Salvador and
Hayti. During the last year no differ
ences of any kind have arisen with
any of these republics, and on the
- other hand their sympat hies: with the
United States ; are constantly expres
sed.
The claim arising from the seizure
of the cargo of the brig Macedonian,
in 1861, has been paid in full by the
Governinent of Chili. Civil war con
tinues in the Spanish coast of San Do
mingo, apparently without prospect
of an early close.
Official correspondence has been
opened with Liberia, and it gives us a
pleasing view: of social and political
progress in that Republic. It is ex
pected to derive new vigor from
American influence, improved by the
rapid disappearance of slavery in the
United States:
1 solicit your authority to furnish
the Republic a gunboat at a moderato
cost, to be reimbursed to the United
States by installments. Such a vessel
is needed for the safety of that State
against - the African race,'and in Libe
rian hands, it would be more effective
in. arresting the African Slave Trade
than a squadron in our own hands:—
The possession of the last organized
naval force .should stimulate a gener
ous ambition on the part of the Re
public. and the confidence which we
should manifest by furnishing it would
win forbearance and favor towards the
colonies from all the civilized nations.
The proposed overland telegraph
.bet Ween Amoricaand Europe, by way
of Behring Straits, and Asiatic Rus
sia, which was sanctioned by Congress
at the last session, has been underta
ken, under very favorable eircumstan
ees, by an association of American cit
izens, with the cordial good will and
42 00
. 1 00
ti v • 'to .di 'reprie o
VOL, XX.
support of this Government, as well
as those of Great Britain and Russia.
Assurances have been received from
most of the American States of their
high appreciation of the enterprise,
and their readiness to co operate in
constructing lines tributary to that
encircling communication. I learn,
with much sad:dilation, that the noble
design of a telegraphic communication
between the Eastern coast of &merica
and Great Britain has been renewed
with full expectation of its early ac
complishment. Thus it is hoped that,
with the return of domestic peace,
the country will be able to resume,
with energy and advantage, their for.
mer high career of commerce and civ-
Our very popular end 631i
inuble representative in Egypt died in
April last. Au unpleasant alterca
tion which arose between the tempo
rary incumbent of the office and the
Government of the Pasha, remitted in
a suspension of intercourse.
The evil was promptly corrected
on the arrival of the successor in the
Consulate, and our relations with
Egypt, as troll as the relation with the
_Barbary powers aro entirely satisfac
tory. Thu rebellion which has so lung
been flagrant in China has at last been
suppressed with the co operating good
officts of this Government and of the
other commercial States.
The Judicial Consular establishment
has become Very difficult and onerous,
and it will need Legislation to adapt
it to the ex.l.ension of our commerce
and to, the more intimate intercourse,
which has been instituted with the
government and people of that vast
empire. China seems to be accepting
With hearty gelid Will the Convention.
al laws which regulate commercial and
social intercourse amongst the western
nations. Owing to the peculiar situa
tion of Japan and the anomalous form
of its govornmeitt the action of that
Empire in pert - liming treaty stipula•
lions is inconstant and capricious.-
I`ievertheless good progres: . 3 has been
effected by the Western powers, mov
ing with enlightened concert; our own
peculiar claims have been allowed or
put in course of settlement, and the
inland sea has been reopeved to com
merce There is reason, also, to be
Heim that these proceedings have in
creased rather than diminished the
friendship of Japan towattis the -Uni
ted States.
The ports of Norfolk, Fernandina
and Pensacola have been opened by
proclamation. It is hoped that fbr
eign merchants will now consider
whether it is not safer and more prof-
itablc to themselves, as well us more
just to the United States, to resort to
these and other open ports, than it is
to pursue through many hazards and
at a vast cost, a contraband trade with
other ports whim] are closed, it' not
by actual military operation, at least
by a lawful and effective blockade.—
Fur myself', I have no doubt of the
power and duty of the Executive under
the law of nations to exclude the ene
tnieS of the human ran an asylum in
the United States.
If' Congress should think that pro
ceedings in Oa cases lack the--au
tho•ity of law, or ought to be further
repudiated by it, I recommend that
provision be made for• effectually pre-
I venting foreign slave traders from
acquiring domicil and facilities for their •
'criminal occupation in our country. It
ispossible that if it were a new question,
the maratine powers with the light
they now enjoy, would not concede
the privileges of naval power,belliger
ent to the insurgents of the United
States, destitute as they are, and al.
ways have been, equally of ships and
of ports of harbors. Disloyal emissa
ries have been neither less assiduous,
nor more successful during the last
year• that. they were before that time
in their efforts under favor of that
privilege to embroil our country in
foreign wars. The desire and deter•-
mination of the Maritime States to de
feat that design are believed to be as
sincere and eannot be more earnest
than own own. Neverthelessunforseen
difficulties have arisen, especially in
Brazillian and British points, and on
the northern boundary of the United
States, which have required, and are
likely to continue to require the prat
tice of constant vigilance and a just
and conciliatory spirit on the part. of
the United States as well as of the na
tionsconeerned and their governments
Commissioners have been appointed
under• the treaty with Great Britain
on the adjustment of the clainis of the
Hudson Bay and Puget Sound Agri
cultural Conipanies, ill Oregon, and
are now proceeding to the. excel:don
of the trust assigned to them. In
view of the insecurity of life in the
region adjacent to the Canadian bor
der, by recent assaults and depreda
tions committed by inimical and des
perate persons who are harbored there,
it has been thought proper to give
notice that after the expiration of six
months, the period conditionally stip
Mated in the existing arrangements
with Great, Britain, the United States
must hold themselves at liberty to in
crease their naval armament upon the
lakes if they shall find that proceeding
necessary.
The condition of the border will no•
cessarily come into consideration in
connection with the question of con
tinuing or modifying the r;ghts of
transit from Canada through the Uni.
ted States, as well as the regulation of
imports which were temporarily estab
lished by the reciprocity treaty of the
fifth of June, 1864. I desire; however,
to be understood while making this
statement, that the colonial authorities
are not deemed to be intentionally Un
just or unfriendly towards the United
States, but, on the contrary there is
every reason to expect that with the
approval of the Imperial Government
they will take the necessary Measures
to prevent new incursions across the
border. The act passed at the last
session for the encouragement of im
migration has, as far as possible, been
put into operation. It seems to need
amendment which will enable the offi
cers of the government to prevent the
practice of frauds against the immi
grants while on their way and on their
arrival in the ports, and HO as to
secure them hero a free choice of avo
cations and places of' settlement. A
liberal disposition towards this great
national policy, is manifested by most,
of the European States, and ought to
he reciprocated on our part by giving
the immigrant effective national pro•
tection. I regard our immigrants as
one of the principal replenishing,
streams which are appointed by Provi•
dence to repair the ravages of internal .
war and its wastes of national strength
and health. All that is necessary is to
secure the flow of that stream in its
present, fullness, and to that end the
government must in every way make
it manifest that it neither needs nor
designs to impose involuntary Al tri-yr
service upon those who come from
other lands to east their lot in our
Commry.
The financial affairs of the Govern
ment have been successfully ad minis
tarred. During the last year the legis
lation of the last session of Congress
has beneficially effected the revenue,
although sufficient time has not yet.
elapsed to experience time full °fleet ci'
several of the provisions of the acts of
Congress imposing increased taxation.
The receipts durini , the year from all
sournett.ttpue„ thcAtteie ei—warrants
signed by the Secretary of the Treas
ury, including loans, and the balance
in the Treasury on the first day of
July, 1363, were $1,394,796,007 62,
and the aggregate disbursements upon
the same basis, were $1,298,056.101 89,
leaving a balance in the Treasury 118
shown by warrants, of $96,734,905 73.
Deduct from th CSC 1/1110U11 ts the amount
of the principal uf the public debt re
deemed and the amount of issues in
eubstitution therefor, and the actual
cash operations of the Treasury were:
receipts, $884,066,646 77; disburse
motile, $865,234,087 86; which leaves
a • cash balance in the treasury of
818,342',558 71. Of the receipts there
were derived from customs, $102,316,-
152 90; from lands. $588,333 23 ; from
direct taxes, 8475,6-13 86; from inter
nal revenue, $100,741,134 10; from
miscellaneous sources, 317.511,443 81;
and from- loans applied to actual ex
penditures, including former balance,
. 1 )0110,440 . 1hrO There were dish 's
ed for the civil 5ervice,527,505;599 4 ;
thr pensions and Inians, $7,517,930-
97 flir the War Department, $680,-
791,842 97 ; for the Navy Department,
$85.733,292 70; for interest of the
public debt, $53,685,421 69, making an
aggregate of $865,834,987 89, and
leaving a balance in the Treasury of
818,841,558,71, as before stated. For
the actual receipts And disbursements
for the first quarter, and the estimated
receipts and disbursements for the
three remaining quarteN of the cur
rent fiscal year and the general opera-,
tions Of the• --`Treasury in detail, I
refer you to the report of the Secretary
of the Treasury. I concur with him
in the opinion that the proportion of
the monies required to meet the ex
penses consequent upon the war,
norived from taxation; should be still
further increased, and I earnestly
invite your attention to this subject to
the end - that there may he such addi
tional legislation es shall be required
to meet the just expectations of the
Secretary. The public debt on the
first day of Slily last, as appears by
the books of the Treasury, amounted
to one billion, seven hundred and forty
thousand million, six hundred and
ninety thousand four hundred and
eighty-nine dollars and forty-nine
acute. Probably should the war con
tinue for another year, that amount
may be increased by not far from five
hundred millions. held as it is for the
most part by our own people, it has
become a substantial branch of na
tionad though private property. For
obvious reasons, the more nearly this
pmoptrty can be distributed among all
the people the better; to favor such
general distribution, greater induce
tnents to become owners ?tight per
haps with good effect, and without
injury, be presented to perSetme with
limited means. With this vie w,l sug
gest whether it might not be both ex
pedient and eompetent fin. Congress to
provide that a limited amount of some
future issue of public securities might,
he held by any bona file purchaser
exempt from taxation and from seizure
for debt, under bitch l'estrictiOfor and
Irildtatiolle as might be necessary' to
guard against abuse of so important a
privilege. This would enable prudent
persona to set aside a small annuity
against it possible day of want.
Privileges like these would render
the possession. of such securities, to
the amount limited, most desirable to
every person of small menus who
might be able to save enough for time
purpose. The great advantage of cit
izens being creditors as well as debtor's
with relation to the public debt is ob
vious. Men readily perceive that, they
cannot be much oppressed by a debt
which they owe to themselves. The
public debt on the first day of July
last, although somewhat exceeding the
estimate of the Secretary of the
Treasury, made to Congress at the
commencement of last session, falls
short of the estimate of that officer,
made in time tweeeding December, as
to its probable amount at the begin
ning of this year by the sum of $3,
995,079 33. This fact exhibits a sat
isfactory condition and conduct of the
operations of the Treasury. The Na
tional Banking- system is proving to
be acceptable to capitalists and to the
people. On the 25th of November,
584' National Backs had been , organ
ized, a considerable number of which
HUNTINGDON, PA ~ WEDNESDAY, DE CE M BER.. 14, 1864.
-PERSEVERE,
were conversions from State Banks.—
Changes from the State system to the
National system are rapidly taking
place, and it is hoped that very soon
there will be iu he United States no
bank of issue not authorized by Con-,
greys, and no bank - note circulation not
received by the Grivernment. That
the Government and the people will
derive general benefit from this change
in the banking' system of the country,
can hardly be questioned. The na
tional system will create' a reliable
and permanent influence in support of
the national credit and protect the
people against losses in the use of
paper money. Whether or not any
further legislation is adMissihle for the
suppression of State Wilk issues will
be for Congress to determine. -
It seems quite clear that the treas
ury cannot be satisfactorily conduct
ed unless the government can exer
cise a restraining power over the
bank note circulation of the country.
The report of the Secretary of War
and the occompanying documents
will detail the campaigns of the ar•
miss ill the field since the date of the
last annual message, and also the ope
rations of the several Administrative
Bureaus of the war department (lu
ring the last year. It will also specify
the measures deemed essential for• the
national defhnse, and to keep up and
supply the requisite military for
The report of the Secretary of the
Navy presents a comprehensive and
satisfactory exhibit of the affairs of
that Department, and of the naval
aet•vicea. It, is a 'subject Of congratu
lation arid laudable pride to our coun
trymen, that a navy of such vast pro
portions has been organized in so
brief a period and conducted with so
much efficiency and success. The
general exhibit of the navy, including
vessels under construction on the 1251,
of Duccinbcr, 1864, shows a total of
671 vessels carrying 4,610 guns and of
510,396 tons, being an actual increase
during the year, over and above all
losses by shipwreck or in battle of. 83
venciolB, 168 guns and-12:127 tons.
The total number of ITICII at this
time in the naval, service, including
officers, is about 51,OU{J. There have
been captured by the navy, during
the year, 321 vessles, and time whole
number of Laval captures since hoe.
till ties commenced is ono thousand
three hundred,of which 267 arc steam
ere. The gross proceeds arising from
the sale of condernnott prima_ property
thus far •, a • ‘i an ountria44-1-4041
ago amount of such pro
ceeds is still under adjudication, and
yet to be reported.
The total expenditure of the Navy
Department of every description, in
eludin, the cost of the immense squad
rons that have been called into exis
tence from the 4th of March, 1861, to
the first orNovomber, 1864, are .5238,
647,262 85,
Your fitvorable consideration is in
vited to the various recommendations
of the Secretary of Navy, especially
in regard to a navy yard and a suita
ble establishment for the construction
and repair of iron vessels and the ma
chinery and arinattiro for our ships
to which reference was nutde in my
lan a:IIMA lnopsagq. Your attention
is also invited to the views expressed
in the report in regard to legislation
of Congress at its fast session, in res
pect to prizes on our inland waters.
cordially concur in the recommenda
tion of Secretary as to the propriety
of creating the rank of Vice-Admiral
in the naval service.
Your attention is invited to tho re-
Tort of the Postmaster General fin• a
detailed account of the operations and
financial condition of the Post Office
Department.
Thu Revenue for tha year ending
Jane 30th, 1864, amounted to $12,-
438,253 78. and the expenditures to
$1,2.544,776 20. The excess of expen
ditures over receipts being $2,066,522.
42.
The vicwff presented by the Post
master General on the subject of spe
eial grants by the Government in aid
of the establishment of new lines of
ocean moil steamships, and the policy
ho recommehds for the development
or iner,,,,,ed commereiat iiitoteourao
tvilh adjaeent and neighboring coon
tries should receive the careful consid
era lion of Congress. -It is of notewor
thy interest that the steady expansion
of population, improvement and gov
ernmental institution's over the new
told unoccupied portions of our roan
try have scarcely been chocked much
less impeded or destroyed, by our
great civil war, which at first glance
would seem to have absorbed almost
the entire energies of the 11mi - re.
The organization and admission of the
State of Nevada has been completed
in conformity with law, and thus our
excellent system is firmly established
in the mountains, which once seemed
a barren and inhospitable waste be.
tween the Atlantic States and those
which have, grown up on the coast of
the Pacific Ocean. The territories of
the United States are generally in a
comaitiou of prosperity and rapid
growth. Idaho and Montana, by rea
son of their great distance and the in
terruption of Commuuication with
them by indian have been
only partially organized, but it is an
del stood that these difficulties
are about to disappear, which, will
permit their governments, like those
of others, to go into speedy and full
operation. As intimately concerned
with and proinotice of this material
growth of the nation,l ask the attention
of the Congress to the valuable infor
mation and important recommenda•
flints relating to the public lands, In
dian affairs, the Pacific Railroads and
mineral dise,iVeries, contained in the
report of the Secretary of the Interior,
which is herewith transmitted, and,
which report also embraces the sub-
;- ~ .V . V . ,.‘ '.4 ;,_ . " • .
~, . . i
__ s . '
/ ' x 4 - , •
~,4.- .4 '
I - .:
t •‘— T.N : s ''P•4 . ~f, . ...- : .-":7 -- Y, , ? - , • I_'-', . •••"..--,- 0.
....:. x -.a
--.z.t..- - . . r '' / - V
-''''''-'.' •
jects of patents, pensions and.other top
ics of public interest pertaining to his
department: The quantity of public
land disposed of during the five quar
ters ending on the 30th of September
last - was 1,221,312 acres, of which
18,011 acres, entered under the Home
stead law. The remainder was loca
ted with military land warrants,
agricultural scrip certified to States
or railroads, and sold fin• cash.
The cash received from sales and lo
cation fees was $1,010,336. The in
wine from sales during the fiscal year
ending June 3 0 th,1864,wa55676,007 31,
against a 136,017 05 recivcd during the
preceeding year. The aggregate of
acres surveyed during the year has
been equal to the quantity disposed of,
and there is open to settlement about
13;000,000 acres of surveyed land. The
groat enterprise of connecting the At
lantic with the Pacific States by rail
ways and telegraph lines has been en
tered upon with It vigor that gives as
surance of success, notwithstanding
the embarrassments arising friim the
prevailing high prices of material and
labor. The route of the main line of
road has been definitely. located for
one hundred miles westward from the
initial point at Omaha City, Nebraska,
and a preiiiidnary location of the Pa
cific Railroad of California has been
made from Sacramento eastward to
the Great Bend of Alucker River, in
Nevada. Numerous discoveries of
gold; silver and cinnabar mine-m 119
neon added--to—taro"" any Art 3
known, and the country - occupied by
the Sierra Nevada and the Rocky
mountains and the subordinate range's
now teems will) enterprising labor,
which is richly remunerative. It is
believed that the products of the mines
of rich metals in that region has du
ring the year reached, if not exceeded
.',100,000,0110 in value. It was recora.
mended tat my last annual message
that our Indian system be remodeled.
Congress, at its last session, acting
upon the rueummefidation, did provide
reorganizingfur the system in Califor
nia, and it is believed that under time
organization the management of the
Indians there will be attended with
reasonable success. Much yet remains
to be dune to provide for the proper
government of the Indians in other
parts of the country, to render it se
cure for the advancing settler, and to
provide for the welfare of the Indian.
The Secretary reiterates his recom
mendations, and to them the attention
of Congress is invited.
The liberal provisions to invalid soh':
diers and sailors of the Republie; and
to the widows, orphans and dependent
mothers of those who have fallen in
battle, or died of diseases contracted,
or of wounds received in the service
of their country, have been diligently
ad m roistered.
There had been added to the pen
sion rolls during the year ending the
30th day of June last, the names of
10,779 invalid soldiers, and of 211 dis
abled seamen, making the present m
her of army invalid pensioners 22,767,
and of navy invalid pensioners 712,
and that of widows, orphans and moth
ers 22,198 have been placed on the
army pension rolls and _ 2 -1 on the na
vy rolls. The number of army pen
sionuri3 of this class is 25,433, and of
navy pensioners lua. -
ning of the year the number of revo
lutionary pensioners was 1,430. Only
twelve ()ilium were soldiers, of whom
seven have since died. The remain- I
Our are those who under the law, re
ceive pensions because of relationship
to Revolutionary soldiers. During
the year ending the 30th of Tune, 1864,
4,504,616 92 have bust, paid to pun
sioneis of all classes.
I cheerfully commend to your col . ,
tinned patronage the benevolent insti
tutions of the District of Columbia,
which have hitherto been established
or fostered by Congress, and respect
fully refer for information concerning
them, and in relation to the Washing
ton Aqueduct, the Capital and other
matters of local interest to the report
of the Secretary.
The Agricultural Department, un•
der the supervision of its present en
ergetic and faithful head, is rapidly
commending itself to the great and
vital interest it was created to ad•
vaned. It is peculiarly the people's
department, in which they feel more
directly coneerned than in any other.
I commend it to the continued atten
tion and fostering care of Congress.
The war has continued since the
last annual message. All the impor
taut lines and positions then occupied
by our forces have been maintained
and our armies have steadily advent:-
ed, thus liberating the negroes left in
the rear, so that Missouri, Kentucky,
Tennessee, and parts of other States,
have again produced remarkably fair
crops. The most remarkable feature
in the military operations of the year
is General Sherman's a tempted march
ofthree hundred miiCBdirectly through
the insurgent region. It tends to
show a great inervase of our relative
strength, that our lieneral•in-Chief
should tel ab o to confront and hold
in check every active force of the en
emy and yet to detach a well appoin
ted large army. to movie on such an ex
pedition.
The result not yet being known,
conjecture in regard to it is not here
indulged. Important movements have
alSo occurred during the year to the of
feet of modeliingsociety for durability
in the Union. Although short of coot
Ode success, it is much in the right
directionthat twelve thousand citi
zens in each of the States of Arkan
sas and Louisiana have organized loy
al State Governments with free Con
stitutions, and are earnestly struggling
to maintain and administer them,—
The movement in the same direction
more extensive, though less definite,
in Missouri, Kentucky and TOIIIIENSSOC,
should not by overlooked. I3ut Mary-
TERMS, $2,00 a year in advance.
land Presents the example of complete
success, Maryland is secure to liber
ty and Union for all time to come.—
The genius of rebellion will no more
claim Maryland. Like another foul
spirit, being driven out, it may Beek
to tear her, but it will woo her no
mom. At the last session of Congress,
a proposed amendment of the Consti
tution abolishing slavery throughout.
the United States passed the Senate
but failed for lack of the requisite
two-thirds vote in the House of Rep•
resentittives. Although the present
is the same Congress, and nearly the
same members, without questioning
the wisdom of patriotism of those
who stood in opposition, I venture to
recommend the reconsideration and
passage of the measure at the present
session. Of course the abstract ques—
tion is not changed ; but an interven—
ing election shows almost certainly
that the next Congress will pass the
measure, if this does not, hence there
is only a question of Limo as to when
the proposed amendment will go to the
States for their action, and as it is so
to go, at all events, may we not agree
that the sooner the better. It is not
claimed that the election. has imposed
a duty on members to change their
vies or their votes any further than
as an additional element to be consid—
ered, their judgment may be effected
by it. It is the voice of the people
now for the first time heard upon the
In a great national crises like ours
unanimity of action among those seek
ing a common end is very desirable,
almost indispensable, and yet no ap
proach to such unanimity is attainable,
unless some deference shall be paid to
the will of the majority, simply
because it is the will of the majority.
In this case the common end is the
maintenarco . of the Union; and among
the means to secure that end, such
will through the election is most clear
ly declared in favor of sar.•h constitu
tional amendment. The most reliable
indication of public purpose in this
country is derived through our pop
ular elections. Judging by the recent
canvass and its result, the purpose of
the people within the loyal States to
maintain) the integrity of the Union
was never more firm, nor more nearly
unanimolls than now. The e:qraor
(Hoary calmness and good order with
which the millions of voters met, and
mingled at the polls, gave strong
111381111111C0 of this.
Not, only all those who supported
the Union ticket, so called, hut a.great
majority of the opposing party also
may be fairly claimed to entertain
and to be actuated by the same pur
pose. It is an unanswerable argument
to this effect that no candidate for any
office, however high Or low has ven
tured to seek votes on the avowal that
ho was for giving up the Union. There
has been much impugning of motives,
and much heated controversy as to
the proper means and best mode of
advancing the Union cause; but on
the distinct issue of the Union or no
Union, the politicians have shows.
their instinctive knowledge that there
is no diversity among the people. In
affording to the people the fair oppor
tunity of slwAying; one to another, and
to the worlll;!this firmness, and dna':
_nimity of purpose, the election haw
been of vast value to the National
cause. !The ion has exhibited
another fact not less valuable to be
known, the fact that we do not ap
proach exhaustation in the most im
portaut branch of National resources,
that of living men. While it is melan
choly to reflect that the war Inis filled
so . many graves and carried mourning
to no ninny hearts, it is some relief to
know that compared with the surviv
ing, the fallen have been so few—while
corps and divisions and brigades and
regiments have formed and fought
tied dwindled and gone out of exis
tence, a groat majority of the men
who composed them are still living.—
Tho same is true of the naval service.
The election returns prove this. So
many voters could not elso be found:
Tho States regularly holding election's
both now and him. years ago, to wit:
California, Connecticut, Delaware, Il
linois, Indiana, Maine, Maryland, Mas
sachusetts, Michigan, Minhosota, Mis
souri, New Hampshire, New Jersey,
New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylva
nia, Rhode Island, Vermont, West
Virginia, Wisconsin cast 3,932,011
votes now, against 8,870.222 cast then,
showing an aggregate now of 3P52,011.
To this is to be added 33,762 cast now
in the new States that did not vote in
186'0, thus swelling the aggregate to
4,015,774, and the net increase during
the three years and a half of war, to
145,551. A table is appended showing
particulars. To this again should be !
added the number of soldiers in the
field from illassachusetts, Rhode Is
land, New Jersey, Delaware, Indiana,
Illinois and California, who, by the
laws of those States, cannot vote away
from their hoires, and which number
cannot bo loss than ninotythousand.
Nor yet is this all. The number in
the organized territories is a trifle .
now to what it was four years ago,
while thousands—white and black—
join 11.4, as the national arms press
back the insurgent lines.
So , irincli is shown affirmatively
and noginively by the election. It is
not material to inquire how the in
crease has been produced, or to show
that it would have been greater but
fin• the war, which is probably true.—
The important fact remains demon
strated that we have more men now
than we had when the war began ;
that we tire not exhausted nor in the
process of exhaustation. That we are
gaining strength, and may if need be,
maintain the c ontest indefinitely. This
as to men; and material resources aro
now more complete and abundant
than ever. The national resources
then are unexhausted i and, as wo be•
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NO. 25.
OAII 1519 tillORl OPECIXINS OP WOE',
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lieve, inexhaustible. The public pnr•
pose to establish and 'maintain the
national authority is unchanged, and,
as We believe, unchangeable. - The ,
manner of continuing the effort re
mains to choose. On careful consider
ation of all the evidence accessible, it
seems to me that no attempt at nego.
tiation with • the insurgent loader
could result in any good. .
He would accept nothing short of
severance of the Union, precisely
what we will not and cannot give.
His declarations to tbis effect are 04c
elicit and oft-repeated : he does riot
attempt to deceive us'yhe affords us
no excuse to deceive: ourselves.. Ile,
cannot voluntariily — reaccept the
ion, we cannot voluntarily, yield it.
Bet Ween him and us the issue ie
dis
tinct, single and inflexible.' It is as
issue which ban. only be tried by.war,
and decided by Victory. If we yield
We are beaten. If the Southern peo
ple fail, him, he is beaten. Either way;
it would be the victory and defeat fol.;
lowing w e ar. What is true, howeveT,.
of him Who heads the insurgent canoe ;
is not necessarily true of those who
follow. Although he cannot reaceept
the Union, they can. Some of them
we know already desire peace and re
union. They can at any moment have
peace, simply by laying down their
arms and submitting to the National
authority, under the Constitution.
A fter_ao numb, the Government could
not, if it would, raaintain war againstr
them.
The people would not sustain or al,
low it. If questions should remain;w6
would adjust them by the peaceful
means of legislation, conferences;
courts and rotes, Oporatingenly in COM ,
stitutiobal and lawful channels.
Some certain and other possible
questions are and would be beyond the
executive power to adjust, as for •
stance the admission of members into
Congress, and whatevet might require
the appropriating of money Tho ex !
ecutive power itself would be greatly
diminished by the cessation of actual
war,—pardons and remissions of 'for=
feitures, however, would .still be with.
in the Executive control. In what
Spirit and temper this control would
be exorcised can fairly be judged of by
the past. A year ago, a general par
don and aiiim!sty, upon specified terms;
were offered to all, except certain
designated classes, and it was.at the.
same timo.published that the expected
cases Were still wit m-.contemplation
Of 'special clonforicy. - 'During - the year .
many availed themselvelf,of: -the: gen#
oral IproviSioni and many More would,
only that the stigma of bad faith in
some led to such precautionary meas
ures as rendered the practical process
less easy and certain. During the
same time also special pardons have
been granted to individuals of the ex
cepted classes, and. no voluntary ap
plication has been devised. Thus
practically the door has been for a full
year open to all exempt such as were kr
custody or under constraint. It is
still so open to all ; but the time may
come when public duty shall demand
that it be closed, and • that in lien,
more rigorous measures than hereto- I
fore be adopted.
• I 3 )ro.ent the abandonment of arm
ed-resistance to the-national finthorit..r.
orr the part of the insurgenteiii — tliii:
Only indiapeiniable condition to -kidding
the war on the part of - thizi-Govern,-
merit; and retract nothing heretofore
I said as to slavery
I I repeat that the declaration made
a year ago, that while I remain in my .
present position I shall net attempt to`
retract or modify the Emancipation:
Proclamation, nor shall I return to
slavery any person who is free by the
terms of that proclamation, or by any
of the acts of Congress.
If the people should, by whatever
mode or means, make an executive
duty to re inslave such persons, Anoth
or and not I, must be their instrument
to perform it. In stating a single
condition of peace, I mean simply to,
say that the war will cease on the
part of the Government whenever it
shall have ceased on the part of those
who began it.
[Signed] AI3RAIIA9I LINCOX4.
I)ecen7ber 6t7i, 1864.
A COUNTRY school teacher, proper
inn; for an exhibition of his school,
selected a class of pupils and wrote
down the questions which he would
put to them on examination day. The
day arrived, and so did the hopefuls,
all but ono. The pupils took their
places as bad been arranged, and
all went on glibly until the
question of the absentee came,
when the teacher asked, "In whorri .
do you believe ?" "In Napoleon Bondi
part!" was the answer quickly rO
turned. "You believe in the Holy
Catholic Church, do you not?" "No,"
said the youngster, amid the roars Of
laughter, "the boy that believes in
that Church hasn't come to school to-
day ; he's at bouts sick abed."
SINGULAR WATH.—A little boy,
named Green, aged four years; died
in New York, on Saturday, under
singular circumstances. It appears
h e h a d been suffering with great pain
in bis teeth, and on Sunday morning
his Father took him to a dentist, to
have the painful teeth extracted.
Two were removed without trouble,
but on drawing the third one he was.
seized with cramps' or convulsions,'
became black in the face, was soon
reduced to insencibil ty, and was in 4),
short time a corpse.
4 -- 4 What io the use of Olio lZue ?
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