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719 ...... 1 7 13 Ben Mille,.. 10 . 00 ....- 11 51
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FOR 1863. VOLS. XXI and XXII.
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VOL. XVIII,
tJbt+
FirUNTINGDON, PA.
Friday, February 6, 1863.
000000000
NOTICE.
Ae, have not the time nor the incli
nation, to dun personally, a large num
ber of persons who have unsettled ac
counts upon our books of several years
standing. We shall, therefore, from
lay to day, without respect to persons,
()lace into the hands of a Justice for
collection, all accounts of over two
years standing. All those who wish
to save expense, will do well to give
-is a call.
§ § §
For the °lobo]
THE HEART MUST LOVE
'Pis true the human heart must lore,
Or wither, droop, and—break ;
Its measured throbbing cease to beat,
When love its flight does take.
There never yet, since time began,
Was one whom love•moved not ;
Each in his heart for others has
Some dearly cherished spot.
E'en Nero, tyrant though he was,
Did love a damsel fair,
And when ho died, his guava she strewed
With flowers choice and rare.
This innate love, by nature's hand
Implanted in our breast,
Does not its of always seek
In persons deemed the best. •
The Old Maid lone, her kittens loves,
The Baeh'lor loves his flowers ;
The Hermit loves his white pet4amb,
Which soothes his lonely hours.
But Euro the ol!ject made to love,
Fur man while on the earth,
\Vas woman, she whose smiles entrance,
Who gives to love its worth.
To love aught else, while 'Woman's heart,
almOitin sits,
re cruel, yea, 'tie worse than wrong,
To love, on earth, aught else.
The heart must love some of dear,
For which its throbs may heave,
And woman fair, suits best of all,
Its yearnings to receive.
The Bachelor should forsake his pipe,
The Maid her kitten kill,
The Hermit slay his white pet-lamb,
And all love woman still.
Coalmont, Pa., January, 1863
" There's place and 1110A113 (or every man alive."
The world is most certainly large
enough for its inhabitants. There
never has been a time when the space
on earth was too limited to contain
comfortably those who dwelt thereon,
no matter how rapidly they multiplied.
The numerous lords of creation have
never had cause to fear that they
would perish for want of room. On
the contrary, from the time of Adam
down to the present day, there have
always been almost boundless, tracts
of uninhabited land. In our own
country, thousands of acres still remain
uncultivated and untenanted. The
tide of emigration flows rapidly west
ward, but still those mighty forests'
stand erect and bid fair to remain as
they aro for many generations. No
ono, therefore, has need to fear that
the earth will become too thickly set
tled (when, during the past year, more
than 35,500,000 of the world's popula
tion has gone down to the earth again)
before ho has had time to acquire a
sufficient portion. There will be room
enough for him when his turn shall
have come to go forth upon " the
wide, wide world."
Nor is there any occasion for the
many complaints wo often hear con
cerning the difficulty of getting em
ployment, in suitable kinds of business.
This difficulty appears to arise from.
the fact that persons very seldem un- '
derstand the true character of their
own capacities. They mistake their
abilities for certain occupations, and
the consequence is that they often un
dertake some employment either be
yond their reach, or not suited to their
turn of mind. Many a young man,
instead of advancing in his vocation
as ho should, step by step, to compen
sate, if not wealth, has gone rapidly to
ruin—sustaining loss after loss, until
the utmost misery became his portion.
And all this is brought about by his
having mistaken his abilitieS, and hay
ing entered on a pursuit for which ho
was not at all suited. It frequently
happens that young men provoke for
tune by attempting what is beyond
their reach. Let them always aim
high, and look upward and onward,
htit they must nOt, rashly seek what
MEI
BY THE 'UNKNOWN
[Por the Globe.]
SERMON, NO. 2
I=2
HUNTINGDON, PA.; WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1868.
they may clearly see it is impossible
for them to obtain. A young man of
very ordinary talents and little energy,
whose principles of integrity and hon
esty are perhaps not of the strongest
kind, must not expect to reach the
highest honor in the gift of the people.
Such an attempt would be downright
foolishness, and certainly a most pro
fligate waste of time. And yet there
aro hundreds of such young men in our
country, who, if they do not aim at
the Presidential chair, act just as pre
sumptuously. They direct their atten
tion to some of the learned professions,
when the truth is as clear as day, that
nature intended them to bo workmen.
They may study and practice as dili
gently as the ant in summer, but they
will never succeed, and simply because
they are out of their proper "element."
There is no doubt that the majority of
our starving lawyers, doctors and di
vines, would succeed much better at
the plough, the anvil, or in the work
shop. It is altogether a mistaken no
tion to suppose that intelligence only
is required to make a professional man.
There must be a certain adaptation of
character, or else learning will be com
paratively useless. We need educated
mechanics and farmers, as well as pro
fessional men, and if a larger number.
of our College graduates would turn
their attention to such pursuits, pros
perity would more surely crown their
exertions, and the country in general
be more considerably benefited. No
one can expect to succeed in a vocation
for which he is totally unfitted, and
the ignorance Or neglect of this fact is
very probably the cause of so much
failure in business. • Let each one,
therefore, before entering on an em
ployment, be entirely certain that ho
has the requisite qualifications for it;
and if this conclusion is rightly ;mired
at, he may always be sure of obtaining
an honest and honorable livelihood.
Coahnont, Pa
THE MODERN ARNOLD, FITZ
JOHN PORTER.
[From 'Wilkes' Now York Spirit.)
There are offences so utterly
revolting to the instincts of our na
ture, that it is with the greatest diffi
culty they can be mad-c amenable to
comprehension ; some turpitudes so
appalling, and so at variance with all
the wholesome laws of reason, that
even the clearest minds will, for a
time, resist them with every resource
of doubt. Of this description is the
frightful and unnatural crime, which a
court of honorable soldiers has just
fixed upon the‘man heretofore known
as General Fitz John Porter. •
Previous to the present war, ,the re
cords of the country presented one
character so pre-eminent in infamy,
as to entitle it to figure as a type of
wickedness, scarcely to be equalled,
and never to be mentioned, except as
a warning or a curse. That chatleter
was Arnold's, and so earnest against
it has always been the detestation of
the People, that his name, by constant
deprecation, has become current with
the outside world, in connection with
our language, as an accepted sign of
baseness of the deepest shade. But
there were relieving traits in Arnold's
treason which made it almost tolera
ble, when viewed in comparison with
the execrable perfidy of Fitz John Por
ter. Arnold had been born a subject
of Great Britain, his fealty had but
lately been transposed, and his now al
legiance, so far as the obligations of
duration are to be considered, was but
lightly rooted. Moreover, he was a
man of brilliant talents and daring
bravery, and following these impulses,
had rendered signal service to his coun
try, which, he fancied, had been invid
iously overlooked. Fitz John Porter,
on the other hand, had been born un
der the flag which ho betrayed, and
his meagre qualities, and more than
meagre courage, had always been pam
pered and rewarded far beyond their
weight. Sent from New Hampshire
to the National Academy, he had been
reared and educated among her most
favored children, and when accom
plished to the extreme of the nation's
bounty, was embfirked in its indulgent
service with a rank which is esteemed,
in other lands, to be a .proper begin
ning for a Prince. Ciratitude and de
votion were to be expected for these
kindnesses ; and chiefly were the sym
pathies and services of the recipient
to be expected, by the Section or State
under whose patronage he had attain
ed his position in the world. His sym
pathies, predilections, associations and
opinions, however, were found to be in
opposition to these instincts, and his
career soon became marked with a
hostility to all the ideas and the senti
ments which were identified with the
region of his youth.
Passing over the pro-chivalry Mexi
can campaign---a crusade in which ev
erybody was brevetted, whether de
serving it or not—we find him figur
ing in the Mormon war, and always,
exercising an influence in council that
prevented chastisement to treason.—
Becoming soon afterwayfl a pot of
Floyd's, he was sent by that miscre
antat a time when he had matured
his plunder of the public arsenals—on
a confidential mission to Fort Sumter.
The ostensible pretence was an inspec
tion of its strength, and, while there,
thp auxiliary of the perfidious Seem
tag- performed his - mission in behalf
of the Confederates, and prepared for
the, het,;•.nyttl of the work by insidious-
-PERSEVERE.-
ly suggesting to the loyal soldier in
command that, wore he in charge, "he
would not attempt to defend the work,
if attacked from the land side."
The next theatre of Fitz John's per
formances was in Virginia, while act
ing,as Chief of Staff, under Patterson,
during the first memorable battle of
Bull Run. The public know the his
tory of that deplorable affair, and
they need not be told by us that it
was the failure of the force of Patter
son—that was virtually under the di
rection of Porter—to engage Johnson,
or to reinforce McDowell, which caus
ed the carnage and disasters of that
dreadful day. From thence, we trace
Porter as the leading adviser of the
long and inglorious inactivity before.
Manassas; the engineer who protract
ed the disgracefhl siege of Yorktown ;
the strategist who deliberately plant
ed his batteries in a ravine (in ono of
the seven days' battles), instead of on
a height, while he streamed his regts.
before a raking fire of the enemy; the
beau sabreur who fled precipitately
froni the sneers of brave McCall, when
the butternut lines were advancing up
on them at Gaines' Mill; the traitor
who failed Pope at Centreville, and
the ungrateful comrade, ,who, when
Burnside was sinking under the accu
mulated weight of Hill and Long
street, at Antietam, refused reinforce
ments out of the thirty thousand,
which had stood idle under him during
all the fierce temptations of that day.
llis whole career, therefore, is one eon-
sistent current of darkly suspicious
acts; and, at the end, he stands eon-
victed by the solemn judgment of his
peers, of a villainy which equals the
measure of the worst that had been
thought of him before. It is seldom
that, in the course even of the longest
life, ono man has the opportunity for
so much evil as Fitz Porter found in
the space of twenty months; and that
he improved all the occasions which
were thus presented, no one who has
read the testimony in the recent trial,
and been.an observer of his previous
career, can, for a moment, doubt.
The charges against him in that
proceeding were, that having, while
at Warrenton Junction, Va., on the
evening of the 27th August last, re
ceived an urgent order from General
Pope to move forward at one o'clock
the following morning to Bristow Sta
tion, (which was but nine miles dist
ant.) in order to attack the enemy at
daylight; he deliberately disobeyed
that order, went.to sleep upon it, and
did not begin to nFiqtihis men till day
light. The second charge was, that
on the day but one afterward, to wit,
the 29th August, ho, while in sight of
the enemy, at the diStance of but a
mile and a half for seven hours, did,
after receiving an order to attack,
shamefully turn his back upon the foe,
whose inferior force be might easily
have crushed, and march from the
sound of the hostile cannon with his
whole division, thus leaving the ex
hausted Federal forces to be out-num
bered and to be driven disastrously
back upon Arlington Heights and Al
exandria. Both of these charges
were conclusively established, and so
strongly wore some of the witnesses
persuaded, even before the- treason of
the second day, that Porter intended,
according to the words of the lament
ed Kearney, " to fail Pope," that one
of them declared to Pope "be would
shoot him' that night, so far as any
crime before God was concerned, if the
law would but allow' it." Pope, how.
ever, could not realize that Porter med
itated suoh fatal disobedience; but
sure enough, the morning came with
out his presence, and it was ten o'clock
before the defaulting chief, who had
performed the same manouvre at the
first Bull Run, made his appearance
with his troops. Tho meditated pur
suit of the enemy could not then be
made, and our advantages passed bar
ren from our hands. Upon this point
the Judge Advocate, in his masterly
recital of the case, disposes of the pre
tence of the culprit, that he believed
he would have got along faster. by de
laying until daylight, in the following
words :
" Nor is it believed that the conduct of
the accused finds any shelter in the Napo
leonic maxim quoted in the argument for the
defence. The discretion it allows to a subor
dinate, separated from his superior officer, is
understood to relate to the means, and nut to
the end of an order. When the accused de
termined that, instead of starting at ono o'-
clock, he would start at three or four, he did
not resolve that, he would arrive at Bristow
Station by daylight in a different manner
from that indicated by his commanding gen
eral, but that he would not arrive there by
daylight at all."
The testimony on the second charge
makes some astounding revelations.—
It appears that on the morning of the
29th, Porter and McDowell were or
dered to move forward together on a
given road, and follow it until they
met the enemy, unless McDowell, who
ranked Fitz John, should•decide that
any considerable advantages were to
be gained by pursuing a different
course, On arriving at s, certain point
in their march, McDowell decided that
the commands had better be separat
ed, and informing the accused that he,
McDowell, would move on with his di
vision and attack the enemy upon the
centre, directed him to take a road
leading to the left where the rising
dust showed that the enemy might
there be taken in the flank. The ac
cused, however, instead of receiving
the order with the spirit of a soldier,
merely pointed with his hand to the
dust rising above the trees, and re
marked—" We cannot go in there
anywhere, without getting into a
fight." The answer of McDowell
was—" That's what wo came for !"
whereupon being full of his business,
he hurriedly rode off. Porter, then, in
a mere semblance of obedience, order
ed 4 portion of his forces, tinder Off
fin, to move forward, but when they
_
.'"
1 - V .._
,'& .4' , .., 1 .-.' . .
1 ',.* 21* .5 4
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q-! :, .
11 Opf/
:
• ..
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had advanced about six hundred yds.,
he directed them to halt. In this po
sition he remained till after 5 o'clock,
P. M., with his 13,000 well appointed
men, perfectly idle before an inferior
number of the foe, who, all the while,
were contributing to harass and over
whelm our centre. Amazed at Por
ter's absence from the fight, Pope at
length sent him an order dated at half
past 4, P. M., " to push forward into
action at once, on the enemy's right
flank, and, if possible, upon his rear : "
This order was delivered to him at
half-past five; he received it while ly
ing down under ashade tree, and with
out attempting to obey, he continued
reposing in the same manner, during
the twenty minutes the messenger re
mained. In noticing the testimony
on this point,"Judge Holt employs the
following language:
" The accused had, for between five and six
hours, been listening to the sounds of the bat
tle raging immediately to his right. Its
dust and smoke wore before his eyes, and the
reverberation of its artillery was in his ears.
He must have known the exhaustion mid
carnage consequent upon this prolonged con
flict, and he had reason to believe, as shown
by his note to Generals McDowell and King,
that our army was giving way before the
heavy reinforcements of the enemy. He had
a command of 13,000 fresh and well appoin
ted troops, who had marched but afew miles,
and had not fought at all on that day. Un
der these circumstances, should not an order
to charge the enemy have electrified him as
a soldier, and have brought him not only to
his feet and to his saddle, but have awakened
the sounds of eager preparation throughout
his camp? But the bugle note of this order
seems to have fallen unheeded, and after read
ing it, and at tho close of an interview of from
fifteen to twenty minutes, the messenger who
bore it, turned away, leaving the accused still
•" lying on the ground."
In a little while after the departure
of the messenger, Porter gave an or
der to NI back, and deliberately re
tired altogether from the theater of the
still raging battle. All thiswas known
two days afterward by McClellan, yet
ho retained Fitz John as his eheif corps
commander, and permitted him to per
form the same part,-with 30,000 men,
at the subsequent battle of Antietam.
The defence which Porter set up to
excuse his not moving, during the
whole of the'afternoon previous to the
reception of Gun. Pope's order, isequal
ly heinous with his conduct, and at
once betrays the utter rottenness and
corruption of' his case. He assumes
that having, in the early part of the
day, marched forward with McDowell,
who ranked him when they were to
gether, he considered himself all the
- while still under his command, and con
sequently felt justified in resting idle,
by a message brought him from Mc-
Dowell, some time after noon, to re
main where ho was if he could do no
better. This proof, shallow as it is, he
attempts to make by a Luta% Cot,.
LocKE, his chief of staff, who's:vs that
when Gen. McDowell had been inform
ed by a message just received from
Gen. Porter of his intention to fall
back, that he, McDowell, remarked, j
Porter had better remain where he was,
and tliat he, Locke, delivered these
words as an order to Gen. Porter. On
being cross-examined, Locke stated
that these words had been uttered by
McDowell in presence of Gen. King,
and were heard by him. General Mc-
Dowell, however, testifies that no such
message was sent by him, and General
King swears" he was not with General
McDowell that afternobn ;" neverthe
less, the culprit urged, with an unpar
alleled effrontery, that, though the
statemept Locke, of the reception
of such message from McDowell was
untrue, yet su c h an order was deliver
ed by Locke to him, and that he was
therefore justified in entertaining and
obeying it. No stronger revelation
than this can be required of the utter
worthlessness of the entire defence.—
The same witness who falsely deposed
to the receipt of the message from Mc-
Dowell, testified to its delivery to Por
ter; and it is clear that the culprit
must have considered his ease desper
ate, indeed, when he clung for his safe
ty, to what remained of credit in the
words of such a witness.
" But ther3 is one feature of the inaction
of the accused on the 29th," says Judge•Ad•
vacate Iloit, "which it is especially sorrow
ful to contemplate. How, with the cannon
ade of the battle in his ears, and its smoke
and the dust of the gathering forces before his
eyes, he could, for seven-and-a-half or eight
hours, resist the temptation to plunge into
the combat, it is difficult to conceive. But
this alone is not the saddest aspect in which
his conduct presents itself. Colonel Marshall
states that, from the cheerings and peculiar
yells of the enemy beard on the evening of
the 29th, he and every man of his command
believed that General Pope's army was being
driven from the field."
It is further stated by Judge Holt
that the members of the Court wore
convinced, from the testimony " that a
vigorous attack upon the enemy by the
accused, at any time between twelve
o'clock, when the battle began, and
dark, when it closed, would have se
cured a triumph for our arms,
and not
only the overthrow of the rebel forces,
but probably the destruction of Jack
son's army." This opinion, in affect,
is emphatically expressed by Generals
Popo, McDowell and Roberts, and by
Lieut. Col. Smith, all of whom partici
pated in -the engagement, and were
well qualified to judge. General Ro
berts, who was on the field throughout
the day, says : " I do, not doubt at all
that it would have resulted in the de
feat, if net in threapturo of the main
army of the confederates that wore in
the field at that time." To the same
effect is the- explicit language of Gen.
Popo, while McDowell says that" oven
had the attack itself fulled, the number.
of troops which would have been with
drawn from the main battle by the en
emy to, effect this result, would have
so fitr relieved our couter as to render
our 'victory complete."
Upon such revelations and such
proofs as these, did the court unani
inously find Fitz John Porter guilty of
TERMS, $1,50 a year in advance.
the crimes alleged against him ;• and
upon their verdict did the President
strike the malefactor from the rolls
and declare him to be hereafter utterly
unfit to wear a sword, or to hold any
office of trust or profit under the Gov
ernment of the United States. It was
a punishment far short of.the measure
of the crime; for the culprit should
have been run up to a limb, or at least
led out and shot. But the President,
doubtless, credited him with some re
maining sensibility to human shame,
and therefore judged it to be a keener
penalty to force him to live and walk
about among his former fellow-men,
with a brand upon his forehead which
stamps him not only as the murderer
of Kearny and of Stevens, but the real
betrayer of Antietam and both battles
of Bull Run. He therefore stalks an
outcast, bearing upon his brow the
mark of Cain, inviting, but for the de
corum of the law, the pistol of every
loyal man, and worthy only of the
commisseration of the Chief who so
unduly pampered and advanced him.
It remains to be seen, whether the
morals of the time are so depraved, and
whether Massacre and Treason have
become so venial in the new calendar
of public duty, that that patriotic
chieftain will again recognize, or take
this modern Arnold by the• hand. To
our mind, the fact that ho can walk
about unharmed amid a population
whose children he has so ruthlessly be
trayed to death, is the most alarming
symptom of the hopeless degeneracy of
public spirit, and the lowness of the ebb
of an ordinary love of country.
Words for the Working Classes.
The following worthy words which
fell from General Butler, in his recent
speech at Lowell, wo commend to the
careful attention of the working clas
ses of this country. We warn the de
mocratic portion of those classes, how
ever, that after reading them, they
had better form their own opinions on
the subject, without going for advice,
to democratic office-holders, or office
seekers. 'Workingmen and true Sof
fersonian democrats, who hold no offi
ces and are seeking none, can read
General Butler in a true unbiassed
spirit. General Butler said :
"I have found that this rebellion is
a rebellion against the working classes,
without distinction of color. The re
bellion was begun and is carried on-for
the purpose of creating a landed al.'s=
tourney which shall give to four hund
red thousand, the government of eight
millions of mon. It is for that, that
Jeff Davis and his confederates have
undertaken a rebellion which they
claim is to secure the rights of the peo
ple. It is to correct the idea that the
northern man, with red blood, blue
eyes, light hair, and all that God gives
to the image of himself, is not equal to
the slave drivers, with their thin lips
and palid brows—it is to correct this
idea, I say, that wo aro engaged in this
momentous struggle. That is the
question before us; and ho who does
not side with us on that question says
that he desires to kiss the feet of those
masters.
" I went to Louisiana desiring to do
everything to restore it as it was; to.
see if by any possibility I might bring
the principles, the laws and the insti
tutions, which govern that state into
harmony with the Union ; but I found
there no disposition to have that done.
I found that the aristocracy looked
upon us as theft enemies; and I found
that the working and middling classes
looked upon us as friends.
" Within the first month fourteen
thousand of those who (imposed the
bone and sinew of New Orleans had
taken the oath of allegiance, not by
lip service only, but from their hearts;
and from that day I found no man
owning slaves who would take the
oath of allegiance, except for the pur
pose of saving his property. That was
the rule; there were some exceptions.
I found the workingmen true to the Union
and I found the slaveholders false to the
Union. I dealt kindly with the work
ingmen, and I dealt harshly with the
slaveholders. (Loud applause.) •
"I recognized my friends and my
enemies, and I made as wido a differ
ence between the one and the other as
there was between Dives and Lazarus.
(Applause.) I understand that you
have sent forth your sons and-broth
ers, not for the purpose of making
peace, but war, wherever they found
enemies. I believe you sent out your
sons and brothers for the purpose of
insisting that the flag of the United
States should wave everywhere in
sympathy with the powers of the Uni
ted States, and upon that thesis I have
acted.
" I encouraged the laboring men.—
A thousand were employed every day
by the United States; 44,000 were fed
every day by the United States, and
over 17,000 of these were foreigners,
whose Consuls assumed to represent
them, but represented them untruly,
because the Consuls represent com
merce 4rmi property, not men
" But
,thoso men had no voice in
the newspapers abroad or at hoine,
and the consequence was, their thanks
and their applause were never heard,
while the complaints of the property
men, who felt that when they were
struck slavery was struck, flowed all
over Europe and the north; and every
misrepresentation that the malice of
enemies and traitors could devise was
resorted to in order to embarrass, and
'if possible, defeat, n - iy plans ; But
there is one thing hay° a right teeny
—and I thank you, sir, for adverting
to it—and that is, that from the first
week when our soldiers entered New
Crleans ggtil left there, it was as
safe, as quiet, and as convenient to at
tend to one's business, by day or by
night, as ever it 'was in the best gov.
erned cities of the North—even our
own. (Load applause.)
"Ee not dceelvcd. Be'uot weary I
Remember this: that while we may
feel this war is hard for us, it is the ef
fort of desperation for them. I have
seen the conscript laws of the South
taking the boy of sixteen and•the old
man of sixty—the schoolmaster - not
excepted—and force them into the
ranks. While it costs us effort, it costs
them extermination. While it pats
us labor,
it costs them life-blood. I
wish that they might be won back.
without this ; but so they have not
chosen. As long as life lasts, as long
as any power remains, we mast stand
by the Union, one and indivisible f —T
(Applause.)
The army feels that the slaveholdera
have justly forfeited their plantations
to the Government. Now let the
Government say to the soldiers, , (you
shall possess those plantations when
you conquer the rebels," and - there
will be seen a new style .of warfare.—
The army will find its legs. It will
he able to travel on other than rail
roads. It will not want forty miles of
baggage wagons when it moves. It
will be interested in the result of the
war. It will clamor fora continuance
of the contest until the traitors are
vanquished: It will care less about
pay; rations, tents, stores, fuel, cloth
ing, and luggage, than now. Strag.
glings"and desertions, and surrender.
ing to be paroled, will cease. But this
is not all. Tens of thousands of men
will volunteer to fill up the ranks of
the old regiments to help to save the
Union—and obtain a quarter section
of rebels' broad acres in Dixie. The
law would be an exceedingly popular
one with the .masses. Almost every
family has a son or brother or father
in the army. Of course the people at
home would like to see their relatives
in the army get a farm apiece of the
forfeited slaveholders' plantations.--
Great numbers of the " poor whites "
in the Border States would 'enlist and
fight for the same prize. The passage
of such a law would acton the army
and country like the discovery of a
great gold region, where every - miner,
by encountering a certain amount of
risk, is sure of securing a competency.
I, the soldier falls, let his nearest rela
tives have the land warrant, and they
will find another man to fill his place
in the ranks.
NO. 85.
There is another powerful reason. in
behalf of the enactment of the propos
ed law : When the rebellion is crush
ed, it will be absolutely necessary to
plant a new and loyal white popula
tion on the soil of .Dixie. Else our ter
rible and bloody work will have to' be
done over again, or that country must
be abandoned to the slavehelders soon
er or later. Half a million of soldiers
would locate on their claims; a million
of their relations would migrate thith
er and settle among thorn. The freed
blacks would work for wages for them
and help to hold and defend tbe.eoun
try against all contestants. The
freedmen would quickly acquire small
pieces of real estate, either in, long
leases, or in fee, to be paid for by la
bor. The-" poorlvhite trash "of the
South for the first time in their lives,
would begin to accumulate property,
and prosper; for the . first time, labor
would not seem degrading in their
sight, and free schools and newspapers
would rapidly throw light into their
minds. The next generation would
be educated and civilized, and the fu
ture peace and prosperity of that coun
try would be secured and established
on an enduring basis.
How to Put Down the Rebellion.
The Chicago Tribune, of January 8,
presents the following accompaniment
to the emancipation edict for suppres
sing the rebellion, and making the
country permanently prosperous and
democratic
Let Congress enact a law at once,
granting a land warrant of 160 'acres
of land to every white soldier, front
the North or South, serving in our ar
my at the date of its passage, or who
may enlist in the old regiments after
its passage; to every commissioned of
ficer under the grade of Colonel 320
acres; to every commissioned officer
of the grade of Colonel and General,
640 acres. The land warrants to be
laid on any confiscated rebel plantation
which the holder may select, as soon
as the war is over and the rebellion
crushed.
The lands might be graded into
three classes, according to their fertil
ity, and value as follows: Soldiers'
warrants, for first class, 120 acres I
second, 160; third class 240 acres • and
for officers holdingrank below Colonel,
240 acres, 320 and 500 acres, and for
the higher officers, bdst lands, 320
acres; second class, 640; third class
1,000 acres. There is plenty of land
belonging to rebel slaveholders, (and
comprising all the good lands in Se
cessia), to fill the soldiers" warrants,
without touching an acre belong to tho
"poor white trash" who were deluded
and dragged into the rebellion by the
slaveholeers.
But we may be met With the objec
tion that a rebel's estate can only be
confiscated during the life Of the rebel,,'
We reply: Ist, That would average
from fifteen to twenty years. 2, The
soldier, in a majority of eases, could
obtain quit-claims from the heirs for It,
reasonable sum. 3, Under Doolittlein
tax forfeiture bill, the Government can
sell rebel lands for taxes and acquire
a perfect title. 4, There is no certain.
ty that the Supreme Court would do.
cede against a perfect title under the
confiscation bill after half a million of
soldiers have settled down on their. •
lands; but oven if it did, the tax title
would be perfect, and the confiscation
title, in a majority of cases, would last •
twenty years. As to the effect ()fetich
a law on the army, wp contend that it
would infuse a new spirit into the sol
diers and officers; that it would quad
ruple their zeal and activity." There
would be no more disgraceful Barrett
ders of brigades and regiments to gue
rillas. Soldiers now fight for abstract
- Unionism and $1.3 per month. .And
many have grown tired, discouraged,
and homesick. But let every voIIMT
teer, high and low, feel that if the 814
my wipe he is Bare of a valuable farm•
of improved land i n a genial climate
where he can iive the residue of his
days in comfbrt, and a new spar is felt
that will propel him forward.
Feb love to hear the sins they .
to act. ,