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EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT
OF THE DIRECTORS OP THE
Huntingdon and Broad Top
Mountain R. R. & C. Co.
GENTLEMEN
The period for the Annual Report
Hof the Board having arrived, we pro
eed to lay before you as succinct and
concise an account of the doings of the
Company for the past year as possible.
Having been striving for three
years, with but very indifferent suc
cess, to obtain a permanent foothold
in the Eastern Markets, the Board, at
the commencement of last year, deter
mined to establish a very low rate of
freight on all coal coming through to
tide-water, with liberal drawbacks to
heavy shippers.
This you will perceive by the com
parative coal tonnage since 1857 has
given the trade an unusual increase,
without however affording the Compa
ny a corresponding increase of net rev
enue.
As the coal has now been pretty
thoroughly introduced into New York,
Boston and all the Eastern cities, as
well us into California and Cuba, the
Board think that a more remunerative
tariff of freights may hereafter be
adopted.
The large amount of money expend
ed upon the Road in order to adapt it
to the increased tonnage, has also
tended to keep down the increase of
net earnings.
We submit below a statement of the
annual shipments of coal from 1857 to
the present time, by which you will
see that the increase for the past year
has been greater than for any previous
one.
COAL TONNAGE
1857, 79,612 Tons.
1850, 105,717 " Increaso. , 26,905 Ton,
1859, 130,505 " 21,578 "
1600, 187,853 " 51,258 "
513`2,g77
7,,57
S mos of 'SSG,
545,1334. Total Coal Tonnage
The receipts and expenses of Road
and Mines as compared with the pre
vious year, were as follows :
EMEIMMI
1860. 1850. Increase.
Coal Freights, $97,74144 $69,60649 $29.33490
Merchandise, 8,478 30 7,530 03 940 27
Rent of Miles, 6,465 40 4.69872 1,708 08
Passengers, 6,795 52 5,934 90 890 56
Rent of 11011.90 N 1,353 50 850 00 5,i5 50
Wail and Express, I_iLo2 42 1,802 42
tdocelluneaue, — i - sisic.).: Dram— .4 -IZ
$123,303 90 $90,807 19 $32,495 72
=!
Motive rower, $22,81878 $15,97076 $8,81802
Maintenance clears, 2,083 72 1,985 92 97 80
Maintenance of Way, 18,411 50 10,746 53 7,664 97
Conduct's Transp'n, 10,629 95 7,698 39 2,03156
17,349 35
Maintenance of miuea, 95005 1,020 63 Dec. 40 77
Total Expenses, $34,14.33 UU $73,431 421ne.511,5131 53
Net revenue Rs per
Supt's statement, $03,369 311 $53,376 76 lunsll,o9l
DMA backs slim, ad at
this utlice, 611.546 10
Incident:Or, fur (Mee
.I.xpenses, Attern3's
Fees, tinlaries,Takee,
de, KW 58 18,135 74 6,72112
60;2:14 16 46,046 64 Inc. 3,587 52
Saved by compromiuo
agreed upon in 1859,
and untried into ef
fect in 1860. 20.674 71
5i0,908 87 Total credit to profit
Rua loss fur 3.15V0.
There has been added to the con
struction and equipment account du
ring the year $3, 945 88, of which $2,-
061 60 was for the construction of a
telegraph line, and the balance chiefly
for improvements at the wharf at
Huntingdon. There has been deduct
ed from the same account $9,010 for
an engine returned, leaving this ac
count k 55,064 12 less than at the last
report.
There has been charged to the Im
provement Account 36,1•31 09, of which
'2,800 was for the one half of improve
ments made in 1859 by D. Blair, at a
colliery held jointly by him and the
Company. The remainder was prin
cipally for opening and improving the
Cliff' Colliery, developing the Fulton
Vein,
Although the Company have always
been cramped iu their finances, the
Board have considered it sound policy
to keep the Road and Rolling Stock
in the best condition,
A large number of new and heavy
cross-ties have during the year been
put in, defective rails - been re-rolled or
re-placed_ by new, unsound stringers
and uprights at trestles been removed
and new substituted, and additional
(training and ballasting been done.
To accommodate the increased ton
nage and. to permit the passage of
trains, the sidings at Fisher's Summit
and at McConnellstown have been
lengthened, and an additional siding
lias been put in at Coffee Run. The
cost of all these has been charged to
Maintenance of Way, and to that ex
tent reduced the net earnings.
Thirty miles of telegraph wire has
been erected and the necessary stations
established, the cost of which, together
with permanent improvements at the
wharf at Huntingdon, has been charged
to the construction account.
The Bolling Stock of the Company
.differs but little from our last report,
tbo purchases of new stock for the
year being confined to eight new coal
cars.
The Pennsylvania Railroad Compa
ny during a good part of the year ran
a through train from the Company's
weigh scales at Saxton to Harrisburg.
By increasing this to two or three
trains per day, as the trade may de
mand any increase of business for the
present year can be readily met by
the motive power now in possession of
the Company.
Additional cars for the canal ship
ments are much wanted, but it is
probable that these will be supplied by
the ,Operators.
The supply of cars from the Penn
sylvania Railroad Company for the
way trade up to the Ist of September,
-was quite ample ; but during the
months of September, October and
~$] 5D
CJ ~),~
MMIVIINIMG . M7I'irI •
VOL, XVI,
November it was altogether inadequate
to the wants of the trade, and our ton
nage and receipts both suffered severe
ly in consequence of it.
The supply of cars from the Read
ing Railroad Company has been suf
ficient for the through trade during
the entire year.
The Pennsylvania Railroad Compa
ny and the Reading Railroad Compa
ny are building jointly three hundred
eight-wheeled coat cars, equal to six
hundred four-wheeled, expressly for our
trade, all of which will probably be
ready in time for the spring business.
Important changes have been made
in the collieries of the Company, and
a largely increased production may
reasonably be expected from them.—
The vein of coal lying fifty feet be
low the Barnet, and known as the
Fulton Vein, first discovered about
one year ago, has lately been opened
under the regular workings at Pros
pect Colliery, and although it is not
yet sufficiently developed to enable us
to speak positively, still we look upon
it as nearly doubling the value of the
Company's mines at Crawford. A
new opening has been made below the
the old No. 3 colliery, which we have
named the Cliff. Shipments were
commenced from it in June, and to the
close of the season 6,895 tons were
shipped. This colliery has been so far
worked on account of the Company,
but it is probable, as a number of par
ties want it, that it will rented be in
a short time.
The arrangement for shipping via
Lebanon - Valley and Reading Railroad
to Port Richmond, has worked satis
ftictority, and the tonnage by that
route must eventually be very large.
The rate of freight however on coal
destined for this route have not been
very remunerative, owing
to the se
vere competition at Tide Witter from
the Cumberland Coal.
For the last few weeks the local de
mand for our coal has been numb less
than at the corresponding period of
last year, the rolling- mill orders being
nearly all suspended on account of the
financial difficulties now existing.
It is to be hoped that this will not
long continue.
'l7he orders for Railroads continue fair.
The financial condition of the Com
pany 18Fis fOnOIIS :
Unfunded Debt,
Seeend Rends owned
by Company, nut as
collateral, to be ta
keii
per agrement when
redeemed, $40,000 00
Cash, Freight, and
Coal Bills,
COUPONS OVERDUE.
On First Bonds, $27,820 20
On Second Bonds, 19,023 00
COUPONS FUNDED
First Bonds, Scrip, duo Oct. Ist,
1860, 540,892 50
First Bonds, Scrip, duo July Ist,
1864, 24815 00
Second Bonds, Scrip, due Feb.
lot, 1863, 32,427 50
Second Bonds, Scrip, due Nov.
Ist, 1864, 16,100 00
Total,
Sum required to pay interest on
mortgage bonds, coupon certificates,
overdue coupons, and unfunded debt:
First ➢lortgnge. $500,000 7
per cent.. $35,000 00
Second Mortgage, 500.000
Less Unsold, 45,000
$154,000 ® 7
per cent., 31,780 00
Total Coupon Debt, $170,078
® 6 per cent, 10,204 68
Unfunded Debt, interest, say 10,000 00
From this you will perceive that the
condition of the Company does not dif
fer materially from what it was one
year ago. We have this encourage
ment however that the tonnage has
been considerably increased, mid with
the same rate of increase for thelosea
son, and with a more remunerative
tariff of freights, we think the Compa
ny should earn interest on all the debt
funded and unfunded. The design of
the Board has been to get the earnings
as early as possible up to such a point
as would make their reserved stock
available for the total liquidation of
their unfunded debt. The Board are
now endeavoring to get this debt into
such a situation that the Company
will only be required to pay the inter
est for some time to come. An attempt
was made in October to commence the
payment of interest upon the first
mortgage bonds by paying one-third
cash two mouths, and one-third four
months.
The short supply of cars in October
and November, and the sudden con
traction of business in December, to
gether with the pinch in the money
market, prevented us from being able
to meet the second instalment prompt
ly, but we hope to get all the unpaid
coupons of October last taken up pre
vious to the maturity of the April in
terest. To accomplish this, the Board
have directed the suspension of any
further attempt at a reduction of the
floating debt of the Company for the
present.
We hoDed to have been able by this
time to have reported the completion
of the Bedford Railroad to Bloody Run,
which would greatly benefit our local
freight and passenger business, but af
ter grading nine miles and partially
grading the other three, they were
compelled to suspend work for want
of funds. What prospect there is of
its early completion we are not able
to say. The sum required to finish
the grading is hut small, and the Penn
. sylvania Railroad Company would be
well requited for advancing the neces
sary means to complete the grading
and superstructure by the connection
it would afford them by way of our
Road, with the fertile valleys of Snake
Spring, Friend's Cove and Denning's
Creek, as well as with the town of
Bedford and Bedford Springs, a large
portion of the business, from all of'
which now goes via Cumberland to
Baltimore and Ohio Road.
The Board desire to acknowledge
their sense of the kindness and courte
sy of the officers of the Pennsylvania
Railroad Company and the Reading
Railroad Company, in the disposition
they have shown to do everything in
their power to facilitate our trade.
The Superintendent, Mining Engin
eer, and other officers of the Company
at Huntingdon and upon the Road,
continue to enjoy the confidence of the
Board.
By order of the Board,
L. T. WATTSON,
President.
Huntingdon and Broad Top Mountain
Railroad and Coal a»npany.
1861. Jan, 1.
To Capital took act, $430.653 21
Preferred stock, `• 41,750 00
Bond
Bills payable, loans
am] other debts,
Coal occonnt,
Cliff Colliery,
------ 1,416 49
Pssssengers, Freights and Mine 5,120,526 99
Profit and loss account, 68,800 77
Bills payable,Lcans,
&e., 277,294 18
Fr..m which deduct
amount fur which
Cm have agreed
to take preferred
stock, 120,526 67
To which add niu't.
due for bonds bor
rowed of directors, 7,300 00
Amt due for inter
est on certificates,
due and uncalled
fur,
Ault due B. T. I. C.
drawbacks,
Amt duo salaries, &
temporary loans,
$175,034 74
Amount of uufunded debt,
By construction and equipriforre-----__ •
$1;349,865 8 2
12.0“1 Estate and improvement
at Mines,
Running expenses,maintenance
of way, superintendence, &c., 55,089 11
Interest account, interest on
renewels, notes paid, interest
on bonds,
Incidental expenses, Office ex
penses, salaries, &c., 6,580 58
Bills receivable, bonds and stock, 9,346 74
Balances due on stock, 5,192 24 .
Balance in hands of Supt., 6.452 29
Drawback account, 11,546 16
Cash and cash assets, 3,260 58
3,2 GS 58
49,268 58
$125,166 16
$46,843 26
- .
A. groat portion of the Report of S.
S. Lawrence, Superintendent of the
road, being embodied in the Report of
the Board of Directors, extracts only
from his Report are here annexed.
Valuable tables prepared by the Su
perintendent, showing all the details
of the business on the road, are at the
office of the Company and open to the
inspection of the stockholders.
$123,235 000
The amount charged to construction
and equipment account during the
year was $3,205 44, of which $2,061 60
was for the construction of the Com
pany's line of telegraph which was
commenced in January and finished in
March, between Huntingdon and Hope
well, 31 miles; the cost per mile being
$66 50, which includes full sets of first
class instruments for fire offices. All
the material used in the construction.
of the line was the best that could be
procured. The labor having been per
formed by the regular division hands,
the expense of the whole was only
about half the price usually paid con
tractors for similar work.
886,984 68
By tho aid of the telegraph we are
enabled to do much more work with
the same motive power than before.—
Trains are moved with greater regu
larity, and delays that under the old
system were unavoidable, now rarely
occur.
_
During the year just closed, I con
sider that had we been without a tele
graph, at least one additional loeomo
tire would have been necessary to have
done the business, and that the entire
cost of the lino has been saved to the
Company since its completion, the ad
ditional cost of working the line adds
to our expenses only about twenty-five
dollars monthly—our agents and clerks
nearly all being operators. The bal
ance to construction and equipment
account, $1,223 8/, was for finishing
trestle-work at Huntingdon basin, iron
for sidings, drawbacks in payments of
coal cars, and experimental surveys
for inclined planes.
Our working expenses show an in
crease over 1859 of $17,542 35 ; the
tonnage, an increase of 57,557 tons,
and the earnings, an increase of 832,-
483 21. 83,000 were expended for new
copper fire boxes for locomotives Hia
watha and Meteor, and $2,895 50 paid
to Pennsylvania Railroad for hire of
locomotives, which is nearly the en
tire increase of this account over last
year. The maintenance of way ex
penses were necessarily heavy owing
to the extensive repa)rs to bridges,
trestle-work and track made necessa
ry by the increased busines of the road.
You will observe that with the large
ly increased business over 1859, trans
portation expenses havebeen increased
less than 83,000.
HUNTINGDON, PA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 13, 1861,
$472.403 21
661,778 69
lIIMI
277,294 18
891 92
524 57
$1,602,220 33
- 156,767 51
2,804 07
7,369 62
793 50
$175,034 70
122,438 75
$1,602,220 33
SUPERINTENDENT'S REPORT
EIESMES3
The contract -with Messrs. Dock &
Ashcom, of Hopewell, for repairs of
engines, cars, tools, &c., and for fur
nishing oil,tallow, &c.,—all locomotive
stores expiring March Ist, 1860, was
renewed for three years from that date.
This system has worked very satisfac
torily on many roads, and since intro
duced here has worked to our 'entire
satisfaction.
The only drawback being the great
distance of the shop from the business
of the road, it being at Hopewell, over
seven miles from Saxton, where en
gines running between Saxton and
Huntingdon lay over.
I would earnestly recommend the
building of permanent shops at Saxton
or Huntingdon, for repairs, engines,
ears, &.e.
The receipts from pnssenger'and lo
cal freight do not show much increase
over 185.9. Nor can it be expected
that the receipts from those sources
will improve when the nature of the
country along the lino of the road is
considered being comparatively poor,
producing no more than is needed
for home consumption, not leaVing any
surplus for shipments.
The receipts from that source will
increase after the Bedford Railroad is
completed, which it is hoped will be
during the present year.
Owing to the small passenger busi
ness during the full and winter months
(or about half the year,) and the ex
pense of doing a way passenger busi
ness with a heavy coal train—with
passenger car attached—l would rec
ommend the purchase of a steam car
large enough to carry about forty pas
sengers with their baggage. These
cars are an economical substitute for
the costly locomotive, and would suit
our trade. A car could be built, with
a baggage apartment, that would do
our passenger business at all seasons,
at one-fourth the expense of a train
drawn by a locomotive.
The coal trade suffered very much
during the months of September and
October, for want of cars, the Pennsyl
vania Railroad having a heavy trade
from the West, could not give us near
the required amount; had we received
a full supply during those months, our
yearly shipments would have reached
20U,000 tons.
Onr.motive power is in good order,
and we can do an increased , business
with the same power, over last year,
it being generally in better condition •
than at this date last year. Our coal
gays,(for the camil trade) hey ng been
extensive repairs, and about
of the original number have been en
tirely rebuilt during the past year.
The distribution of ears to the dif
ferent mines during times of scarcity,
is done according to the number of
men employed and their capacity to
ship, and has been generally satisfac
tory.
No serious accident has happened to
the property of the Company, nor has
any passenger been injured during the
year. The road and rolling stock
never was in better condition, nor were
we ever so well prepared to do a large
business as during the coming year.
The reports of John Fulton, Esq.,
Resident and Mining Engineer, will
give the details of the condition of the
road and mines. I am indebted to
very faithful and industrious officers
and employees for the prompt and
cheerful manner in which their several
duties have been performed, and to
Enoch Lewis, Esq., General Superin
tendent Pennsylvania Railroad, and
his Division Superintendent, for their
4 unceasing efforts to accommodate our
trade.
18,207 19
32,439 06
Respectfully submitted,
JOHN S. LAWRENCE,
Superintendent
Interesting information from the
Tabular statements of the Superinten
dent:
75,216 tons coal were shipped in
Penna R. R. cars; 76,741 tons coal
were shipped in Reading it. R. Cars;
32,896 tons coal were shipped in Com
pany's cars for eanal. 187,853, total
tons coal shipped in 1860. 16,390 P.
It. R. cars were loaded ; 14,066 Read
ing, and 5907 Company's cars. The
total number of coal cars loaded were
86,363. The total coal ear mileage be
ing equal to 2,181,780 cars hauled one
mile. The total tonnage of the road
being equal to 5,838,540 tons hauled
one mile.
The number of passengers carried
was 14,856. Miles traveled 216,537,
equal to 7,000 through passengers.—
The mileage of Locomotives was 103,-
457 miles.
H. & )3. T. E. R. S. C. Co.
ENGINEER'S OFFICE, SAxToNp
January 1, 18(31.
J. J. LAWRENCE, Esq.,
Sir :
The following Report of the condi
tion of the road and its branches, with
other matters connected with the
Maintenance of Way, is respectfully
submitted.
The total length of single track is as
follows :
Main Lino, tlnntg'n to Hopewell, 31 miles.
" Sidings, 21 "
Sheep's Ron Branch, 9t
" Sidings, 21 "
Six Mile Run Branch, 1
Sandy Run Branch, 1 "
Total, 474
During the past year there has been
used in the renewal of the superstruc
ture of the road, 3,208 cross-ties, 1,061
wrought and east iron chairs, and 551
tons of iron rails. The rails received
from Cambria Iron Works and rolled
of uniform equality, have, as far as
tested, proved satisfactory.
The use of substantial wrought iron
chairs during the latter portion of the
past season ; bias been found to be more
-PERSEVERE.-
SL'RERINTENDIINT
. 4 -1
.),,ti.,,i,,.„;:.,,,e.
ti
safe and economical than the east iron
chairs heretofore used.
In the early part of the year it was
found necessary to increase the repair
force, to sustain the road-way under
the increasing tonnage passing over it.
An additional party was placed at
work during the summer, to deepen
and cleanse the side drains, remove
portions of slopes in cuts liable to slide
on track, and to make other general
improvements on the road-bed. The
material removed from. cuts at Seven
teen and Fisher's Summit, was deposi
ted in trestles near these points, in the
latter ease entirely filling it up.
Stonerstown Bridge has been strength
ened by the introduction of heavy spur
braces, abutted on skew-back timbers
placed on the large anchor irons, and
against the face of masonry—their
introduction will relieve the lower
chords of the heavy strain thrown on
them near the abutments and piers,
besides practically shortening each
span over thirty feet.
The trestles have been thoroughly
repaired, eighty new track stringea s
have been introduced, also sills, posts,
braces, &c.
Since October last, a watchman has
been employed to inspect Norris and
Rough and Ready Trestles; this with
the watchmen at Huntingdon and Sto
nerstown, insures a thorough inspec
tion of the important mechanical struc
tures of the road.
To meet the reqnirements of the in
creasing business of the road, a new
siding has been constructed at Coffee
Run, 942 feet long. The sidings at
McConellstown and Fishers Summit
have been lengthened, the former 364
feet and the latter 255 feet. The col
liery siding at No. 3 has been extended
393 feet, to accommodate the Compa
ny's Cliff Mine opened last Tune.
A permanent water station is now
nearly completed at Blair's Station, on
Slump's Run Branch, the water is ta
ken from a point in the stream suffici
ently above the collieries to avoid re
ceiving with it any, of the water from
the mines. This improvement will
theilitate locomotive operations at up
per collieries, and on Switch Back
Road.
A. substantial retaining wall has been
Constructed along track atHuntingdon,
from depot buildings to a point near old
warehouse, and the roadway filled in
with ballast—the extension of this im
provement to the bridge abutment at
mill race would be very desirable.
In the beginning of last year a sur
nen trany--cri-41.41,,,w,t.w.u.:a1uf.43.,.....a
-the head waters of Slump's and Six
Mile Runs, by a system of inclined
planes worked by stationary steam
engines, and connected by gravitating
railroads. The result of this survey
was laid before you in Juno last; it
showed the adaptability of the, ground
for such a system, requiring the con
struction of three planes, overcoming
an elevation of 008 feet. The length
of road to be constructed from Coal
mont to near Broad Top City is 5 miles,
to which add the extension yet re
quired to develop Six Mile Bun, 6 8-10
miles, making the total length of new
road to be constructed, 11 8-10 miles.
The successful application of similar
systems in many of the coal fields of
Pennsylvania, is strong evidence of
the economy of stationary over loco
motive power in overcoming large ele
vations in short distances.
The survey was made mainly to de
velop the filets of the routes proposed,
to obtain just ideas of the problem to
be met in developing these important
Darts of the region, and that any ex
tension of the branches constructed in
the meantime can be located intelli
gently, so as to conform to and -ulti
mately be embraced in the general
system contemplated.
During the ensuing year we will re
quire for general renewal of road su
perstructure, 250 tons of iron rails (re
rolled,) 1,200 wrought iron chairs, and
13,000 white oak cross-ties.
The• absence Qf accidents during
the past year from defects in track,
is the best evidence of its condition
—with the introduction of a large
number of substantial cross-tics, and
the general and efficient repairs done
to its mechanical structures, I feel
confident of its sufficiency to meet the
business of the coming year with en
tire safety.
JOITN FULTON,
Res. and jitidg Engineer.
RAITAOES OF DIPIITIMRIA.-Mr. Sohn
Frederick Stine, of Susquehanna town
ship, in this county, recently lost four
children in the space of eight days,
victims of diphtheria or putrid sore
throat. Mr. _Henry Myers, of Cum
berland township, Adams county, fol
lowed six children to the grave within
a few days, all victims of the same di
sease. Three of them died within
eight hours, and were all buried at one
time I Hundreds of homes in various
sections of the State have been des
olated the present winter by this ter
rible scourge, aptly styled the " demon
of the nursery." A number of persons,
old and young, in our city, are afflicted
with sore throat, but the disease is not
attended with the fatality which marks
its progress elsewhere. IVe presume
this is mainly owing to the skill of our
physicians.—Harrisburg Telegraph.
How LEAD PENCILS AWE MA.m.---The
best black pencils are made from the
natural ore of plumbago; but the more
common sort from an artificial com
pound of plumbago, dust and antimony.
The lumps of plumbago are cut into
thin slices by a small circular saw.—
The slices are dipped in glue, pressed
into the groove of the prepared wood
and broken off.
rag_ There is a man in Greenbush—
says the Troy News—who believes in
rotation of crops. One year he rais
es nothing; the nest year -weeds.
TERMS, $1,50 a year in advance
OUR CORRESPONDENCE.
FRIEND LEWIS :-
A few weeks ago, I was very agree
ably surprised on receiving a copy of
TITE GLOBE with new heading, consid
erably enlarged and printed with new
type. The earth has made its annual
revolution almost sixteen times since
the first copy of the GLOBE was issued ;
and for twelve years I have been pe
rusing its instructive columns. Being
so highly pleased with its present ap
pearance, I have prepared expressly
for, and edicate to Tun (NEw) GLOBE
the following essay. Hoping that your
subscription book may be well filled
with advance paying subscribers,l re
main Yours, truly, _ _
Ni w DANvzr,LE, Jan. '6l
NATURE MORE• PLEASING TO
THE EYE THAN ART.
The eye is a natural camera by
which the pictures of objects are pre
sented to the mind, from which we ob
tain ideas of the objects presented;
and the impressions thus received, con
stitute the stand-point from which we
reason. If the impression made upon
the mind is of a grand and imposing
character, it is said to be pleasing to
the eye, and our reasoning will be in
accordance. On the contrary, if the
idea received of the object be.lottp, of
an ordinary or disgusting chthilicter,
the chain of thought or reasoning will
he vice versa.
Art discloses to our view many
scenes of transient beauty; she has
reared stately mansions; splendid
cities, both ancient and modern; pyra
adds; towers and obelisks—but what
are all these compared to one of na
ture's crowning works? A mere gew
gaw in comparison. With what is our
transient pleasure destined to stop;
What but with the idea of man—that
poor puny worm of the dust, whose
knowledge is so limited and whose fol
lies are so numerous and glaring—
transient as his works—here to-day—
to-morrow in eternity. Thus it is that
the ideal pleasures derived front view- J
ing the works of the creature are ra
pidly metamorphosed into feelings of
sorrow and remorse.
But how different when we behold
the Nandi-work of the Great Architect
of heaven and earth I Scenes are pre
sented to our view, which are calcula
' ted to inspire tranquility; to effect a
' htra — surro - .der • to brand
.
traff to unfold , .
intelligence; :to excite admiration an
delightful musings; and to point the
soul to God as the Supreme Ruler of
all things, and the Great Fountain
from which all trite pleasure is derived.
Do you doubt it? Behold the beau
tiful landscape of the world; the lofty
mountains mingling their snow-capped
summits with the clouds of heaven;
the hills decorated with magnificent
forests; the plains stretching from one
side of the horizon to the other, deck
ed with flowers of every hue in beauty's
crown; the placid lake like a mighty
mirror in the embrace of the hills;
and the beautiful rivers rolling their
crystal waters towards the ocean.
Do you doubt it? Go scale the
heights of ?Jt. Etna—a point which
unites so many august and sublime ob
jects, that no imagination has dared
even to form an idea of so glorious,
pleasing and magnificent a scene; nu
merous volcanoes with their smoking
summits appear under your feet; and
you look down upon the whole of' Si
cily as on a map, and can trace every
river through all its windings from its
source to its mouth.
Do you doubt it? Go visit the Falls
of Niagara—a cluster of beauties gor
geously decorated with majestic cliffs,
splendid rainbows and lofty trees,
while vast floods of sparkling water,
dense, beautiful and stupendous, vehe
mently burst over a precipice of one
hundred and fifty feet as if the cata
racts of heaven were opened, and the
fountains of the great deep were bro
ken up, that man might " look up
through nature to nature's God," and
catch a glimpse of the golden streets
of the celestial city.
Behold the sun—best imago of its
Creator—looking maj'estically through
the ascending spray, encircled with a
radiant halo,
.shedding its refulgent
glories upon every part of the delight
ful scene—adding beauty and magnifi
cence to the already unrivaled mecha
nism of the " Great Am."
Do you doubt it? On a clear au
tumnal evening, after the orb of day
has descended below the western ho
rizon, take a serious and attentive view
of the blue vault of heaven. Behold
the moon—the beauty of heaven—the
glory of the stars—
" O'er Heaven's clear azure spread her sacred light,
When not a breath disturbs the deep serene
And net a cloud °Weals , the radiant wee;
As 'round her throne the vivid planets roll
And stars unnumbered gild the glowing pole;
O'er the dark trees a yellotror verdure Is shed,
And tip't with silver every mountain's head;
Then shine the vales—tire rocks in prospect rise,
A flood of glory bunts from alt the skies."
As the moon ascends the ethereal
arch, diffusing her soft and mellow
light over a part of God's creation—
the stars—the flowers of heaven—the
lamps of the universe—one after an
other emerge from the blue vault till
the whole celestial concave appears all
over studded with millions of shining
orbs, emitting their radiant light from
every part of the delightful scene; and
all moving with an apparently slow
and silent motion along the cycle of
the heavens. A scene is presented
which man with all his imaginary
pomp and splendor, appears on com
parison as a mere microscopic animal
eulte—yea, as less than nothing, and
vanity."
Kings have descended from their
thrones to pay it homage—the theme
of poets and philosophers in all ages of
the world. Even the untutored sav:
age has been struck with admiration
at the view of the starry heavens, and
has regarded the celestial luminaries,
either as the residences of his gods, or
the arbiters of his future destiny.—
Nature is man's best teacher._ Even
in the smallest blade of grass she' un
folds hor treasures to his search,.un--
seals his eye, illumes his mind,.and pu
rifles his heart. -"Wherever we turn,
our eyes some_ object of beauty, and
admiration appears, above, below, and
around. In -the depths of the briny
ocean; in the subterranean caverns of
the eartl4and in the Heavens above
our heads,:z-always blooming, always
beautiful, and will continue to bloom
till that great and terrible day, when
" the Heavens and the earth will pass
away, and the elements melt with fer
vent heat."
NO, 84,
Whatever, tends to enlighten the
mind, instruct the heart, and elevate
the soul, should be matter of the ut
most concern, and the most careful at
tention of every individual. -
On the other hand, whatever has a
tendency to obscure that immortal
principle, to fill the heart with desires
of the most uncontrollable nature,.and
finally, to sink the soul deep down in
the dark and dismal abyss of intermi
nable woe, should be looked upon as a
fiend, whose fangs are more destructive
than the most poisonous reptile that
ever crawled.
S. T. D
The 'former is high and ennobling
in its character, while the latter is
goveling, sensual, and devilish, embrac
ing a few of the leading features of
Envy.
Of all the foul and fearful passions
which invade the human heart, this is
surely one of the most direful.
It has hurled angels from their lofty
habitation, down, down—to the ,‘ bot
tomless pit." It is a slow, but ever
accumulating crime in the bad man's
breast, a feelity , of revenge or hatred
that steadily steals into the heart in
moments of calm reflection, dwelling
there insatiate, devising schemes to'
work the utter ruin of some poor
trembling inhabitant of earth, whose
fortune has fallen unlucky in the
great scale of chance, perhaps, suffer
ing already the extreme loss of a half
ruined reputation.
What is it, but a slow, simmering poi
son, a low, selfish meanness, with
snakish looks, that will eventually, if
not arrested in its heinous course fry
the wry soul, as it were, to a crisp, in
the burning furnace of Jehovah's
wrath. A craving sensual desire to
rob the pure of their purity, the weak
of their little strength, the innocent of
their innocence, the holy of their faith
and their God; to see them trampled
under foot of man, and at last sink
down in the awful whirlpool of dark
despair.
Will a man rob God ? Gentle read
er, he who practices this enormous
crime of ruining character, surely de
serves to be branded with the epithet
of a robber and traitor to his God. . Ire
most, certainly forgets that he is a re
sponsible being and that the scrutini
zing gaze of the Almighty is constant
ly resting upon him. Remember thou
caviler of truth, that it is a feaifllL
•
_
garments with so filthy - nn anenemy, go
wash, and stain them no more. Avoid
this woful crime as you would the
Leprosy, or the most fatal disease that
ever existed.
If thou bast not yet been overtaken
by this loathsome epidemic, be glad,
and still shun the broad, frequented
paths along which it lurks; pass not
that way, they lead to no enchanting
fields, where verdure is over green and
blossoms never fade. o*****.
Cassville Seminary, Feb. 2, 1861.
DATES WORTH REMEMBERING-.
1180, glass windows first used for
light : 1235, chimneys first put to hou
ses; 1252, lead pipes for carrying wa
ter; 1290, tallow candles for light; 12-
90, spectacles invented by an Italian;
1302, paper first made from linen; 1341
woolen cloth first made in England;
1410, art of painting in oil; 1470, art
of printing from movable types; 1474,
watches first made in Germany; 1540,
variation in the compass first noticed;
1543, pins first used in England; 1500,
telescope invented by Porta and Jan
sen ; 1590, Jasper's satellites discovered
by Jansen; 1601, tea first brought to
Europe from China; 1603, theater first
erected in England by Shakspeare ;
1610, thermometer invented by Sane
torous •'
1616, circulation of blood dis
covered by Harvey; 1626, bricks first
made of any required size; 1626, print
ing in colors invented; 1620, newspa
pers first established; 1630, shoe-buck
les first made; 1636, wine made from
grapes in England ; 1639, pendulum
clocks invented; 1641, coffee brought
to England; 1641, sugar-cane cultiva
ted in the West Indies; 1643, barome
ter invented by Toaricelli in Italy;
1646, air guns invented; 1649, steam
engine invented; 1650, bread first
made with yeast; 1759, Cotton first
planted in the United States; 1756,
steam-engine improved by Watt ; 1785,
stereotyping invented in Scotland;
1788, animal magnetism discovered by
Mesmer; 1832, telegraph invented by
Morse; 1839, dagu - otype made by.
Daguerre, France.
A PULPIT ANECDOTE,-SOlllO days
since we chanced to be in company
with several divines, who were relating
numerous amusing anecdotes of the
pulpit. Among others the following
struck our fancy as one deserving of
record :
" I was," said the reverend gentle
man, " attending divine service in Nor
folk several years ago,during a season
of some excitement. While the per
son officiating was in the midst of a
most interesting discussion, an old lady
among the congregation arose, clapped
her hands and exclaimed, " Merciful
Father, if I had one more feather in
my wing of faith, I would fly off to
glory l" The worthy gentleman who
was interrupted, immediately replied,
" Good Lord, stick it in' and let her' go,
she's but a trouble here." That quiet),
ed the old lady.
Mi' A minister had a quarrel with
ono of his parishioners by the name of
Hardy, who showed considerable re•
sentment. On the succeeding Sunday
the divine preached from the following
text, which he pronounced with great
emphasis, and with a significant look
at Hardy, who was present There
is no fool like the fool-Hardy."
ENVY.