Afghanistan Drive Predicted Path Russia would follow with Scandin- avian boats deliver. ing timber to Britain. ! Atlantic timber to /} Searoute, a Nasi block , Norway, y Moscow [7 ts to ship n via White rently tobeat in Baltic, Finland expects “summons tosign mutual assistance German blockade §° in Baltic Sea. pact with Soviet Estonia completely under Russian dominatiod ithuania, Latvia summoned to Mos cow; expected to become Soviet protectorates. RUSSIA RUSSIA: Kiss of Death? A welter of confused comment German partition of Poland, trade ate for European peace. Even attacked the Reich in its press. Sum total of comment was that Russia's Dictator Josef Stalin is interested only in himself, and that Germany must eventually discover it has kissed death. Baltic. Heavy the here (See map). an bear's big red paw reachec y Estonia and made it protectorate harboring Soviet na- val and air bases. Next itreachedin- to Latvia ior the same purpose, So unexpected- ly that For- eign Minis- ter Vilhelms Munters scooted off to Moscow and signed a treaty. Next it side- was ame J Germany's sphere of influence, ap- propriating transit privileges from the Baltic seacoast to inner Russia. No commentator needed to stretch his imagination to see the reason: Russia, not trusting her Nazi complice, is merely her Baltic position. Two Balkan question marks were left. First, Finland wondered wheth- er she would be called to Moscow, {ike her Baltic neighbors. Second, the Soviet made arrangements to rent Finnish, Danish, Norwegian and Swedish boats to haul timber from the White sea to Britain in defiance of the Nazi blockade. Balkans, Having intended to stay in Moscow only three days, the Turkish delegation headed by For- eign Minister Sukru Saracoglu re- mained two weeks, apparently rep- resenting all Balkan states. Any- body could guess what was in the air, but many observers believed Russia sought to neutralize the Black sea, control the strategic Dar- danelles and thus assure herself a free hand to move against Afghani- stan and thence to India, both with- in Britain's sphere of influence, THE WAR: No Peace Consigned to the inside pages of U. S. newspapers were reports of actual knife-to-knife combat in Eu- rope’s war. Germany laughed over a British claim that bombers had “raided” Berlin with propaganda leaflets. German troops were beat- en back a bit in the Saar, one en- gagement featuring point-blank shelling between tanks. The long- missing pocket cruiser Admiral Scheer popped up off Brazil to sink a British freighter; a German sub sank a Finnish boat; a British mine outpointed a Norwegian steamer off Singapore. But this was merely one side of war. As customary in the war of 1939, most news came from state council chambers or from the speak- ers’ rostrum. Armed with his “kiss of death” pact with Russia (see above), Adolf Hitler proposed to force peace upon the allies, proposed further that the mediation should come through his erstwhile friend to the south, Benito Mussolini. To Berlin went Italy's Foreign Minister Count Galeazzo Ciano for what was reputed to be a stormy conference in which the Reich was charged with introducing the Soviet threat into Europe and thereby caus- ing Italy to lose faith in the axis. Meanwhile, Der Fuehrer got the answer to his speech in advance. Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain told the house of commons the war must go on until Hitlerism is crushed. No one expected anything new in | the reichstag speech. Word around that Hitler would end the war on terms including: (1) removal | of international trade restrictions; (2) creation of some form of Polish | state under German supervision, and readjustment of Czechs’ (3) general the | status; specific. istice and a conference: * reasonable to start . . lions . . . have | lives.” There was Poland. In substance: ture will be determine and Soviet Ri Poland's fu 1SSia aon rate regime for Jews. In the offered nothi ern front, soldiers tightened thei elts and There would be no peace. | At Sea Never has Germany accepted re- | sponsibility for sinking the Athenia, {| British vessel sunk mysteriously off Ireland's coast the day clared war on Germany. The Ger- charge: That Britain herself | sank the boat, hoping to drown iis American passengers, pin the blame on Germany and thus draw the U. S. into Europe’s war, A month 3 Admiral Raeder did a strange thing. Gm int toto, merely i man Berlin refugees home from Britain, would be sunk with her 584 American pas- Athenia. PAN AMERICA: Insulation? This month, for the first time in its century-old existence, the Mon- roe doctrine grows water wings. Big- gest accomplishment of Panama City's recent conference of 21 Amer- ican nations was the 300-mile "safe- ty belt” around both northern and southern continents, inside which Europe's belligerents are denied ac- tivity on land, sea or in the air (See Map). Immediate reaction of wizened seamen and diplomats was to brand the ‘safety belt’ impractical. First, cia S UNITED STATES North Atlantic ‘NO TRESPASSING’ ZONE Insulation is expensive stuff, each Ameriagn nation may decide for itself whether to refuel bellig- erent submarines. (Argentina will, thus inviting violation.) Second, most of the patrol responsibility fell on generous Uncle Sam, who there- by found himself minus ships to safeguard his own waters. Third, shippers decided the safety zone would permit German ships now ha- vened in American ports to continue their inter-American trade. Meanwhile, the U. 8. planned to make hay in South America. For more than a month business men have waxed enthusiastic over new trade possibilities below the equa- tor now that European factories are busy making cannon. To his press conference, President Roosevelt in- dicated he will ask congress to in- crease the Export-Import bank's credit authorization from $100,000, 000 to $500,000,000 next January, CONGRESS: Oratory Minus the strength of his convic- tions is the man who can be swayed by oratory. This purpose, however, stood as a ghost beside every man who shouted in the U. S. senate chamber, which, in the first days of October's bright blue weather, was over-run with oratory. The issue: Neutrality; whether to keep the arms embargo now enforced against Europe's belligerents, or to substi- tute ‘‘cash-and-carry,’”’ in which bel- ligerents could buy what they pleased, taking it away in their own ships. One *by one the flower of the sen- ate's far-famed oratory club rose and pleaded that the one sure way of getting the U. 8. into war is to (1) Idaho's Michi- arms embargo. Nevada's Pittman, Sample repeal talk (by Connally): will be brought to the Sample anti-repeal talk (by Van- denberg): “I do not say that repeal War ...'in the long view, I do not believe we After a week of this sort of thing some trends. amazingly, were ap- parent, Majority Leader Alben Barkley claimed repealists had More important, however, the once vague issue was sifting down and its rough spots were becoming apparent. Among them: Should 90 TEXAS' CONNALLY ® .. into its dark and cruel depths” against residents of belligerent nation as the n ns th were waters’ be defined; wo 3 lude ports of Canada, Australia, Hongkong and The credit issue evoked most de- Thoroughly disgusted with ex- any credit after the way European nations have failed to re- pay war debts, Missouri's Sen. Ben- nett Champ Clark and Minnesota's suggestion: That France and Britain surrender their western Atlantic insular possessions (Bahamas, Jamaica, Newfoundland, Trinidad, etc.) to the U. S. WHITE HOUSE: Statecraft In Paris, U. 8. Ambassador to Po- land Anthony Drexel Biddle paid his first official call on the new presi- dent of Poland-on-wheels, Wladislaw Rackiewicz. In Washington, Secre- tary of State Cordell Hull issued a statement that the U. S. will con- tinue to recognize Count Jerzy Po- toeki as Polish ambassador, and re- fusing to recognize that nation’s sei- zure by Germany and Russia: "Po- land is the victim of force used as an instrument of territory : Mere seizure of territory, however, does not extinguish the legal exist- ence of a government." By the same token, the U. 8, said nothing about Poland's $179,000,000 war debt, which Germany and Rus- gia wouldn't pay anyway. When Austria was seized by the Reich, the U. 8S. promptly blundered by handing Austria's war debt bill to Herr Hitler, not realizing this con- stituted tacit U. 8. recognition of the seizure. When Czecho-Slovakia was captured, the U. 8. said noth- ing. Poland, likewise. Trend How the wind is blowing . . . RADIO-Banned, all broadcasts by spokesmen of controversial is- sues except in the public forum manner, by action of the National Association of Broadcasters. Rea- son: Too many religious attacks and counter attacks. Hurt by order: Detroit's outspoken Rev. Father Charles E. Coughlin, New York's Judge Joseph J. Ruther- ford and Toledo's Rev. Walter Cole. LABOR-At Washington, the U. 8. circuit court of appeals held the department of labor had “il legally and arbitrarily’ exceeded authority in determining mini. mum wages for the iron and steel industry. RELIEF--0Of $250,000 appropri- ated for European war relief by the American Red Cross, $50,000 has been sent direct to Germany, and $25,000 to Switzerland, to care for Polish refugees. PA. By WASHINGTON.—As the full dress debate of the so-called neutrality bill continues in the senate, numer- ous phases and angles and incidents 1 i i { tention. say that the thing must be accepted country, without so much crossed ‘‘t"’ or a dotted *'i" is equally easy for the oppositionists to say that we should have none of it at all. The truth is neither side forming his own conclusions. senate committee on 1 bargo repeal mistakenly assume that substitution of the cash and carry provisions will let us rest in peace. It is perfect, they say. Op- position sentiment can see only hosts of marching men and ships is repeal. Therefore, neither side is giving really serious attention to perfecting the cash and carry pro- eventually, and the bill become law. That lack of consideration of de- Sixteen of the as a sincere effort. the twenty-three members committee believed it, it should have a chance cussed fully and freely. There was no division along the lines of Demo- crats or Republicans; seven sena- tors voted against sending the bill to the senate because they are op- posed to repeal of the embargo against shipments of arms to any business interests when sharp eyes and analytical minds discovered what the section, as written by the committee, would do to commerce in this part of the world. Protests filed by shipping and air transport companies serve as an example. Actually, as originally presented, Roosevelt and the majority m to get rid of the embargo. Publication of the text of the however, s} » bill OWS some srovisions that have gone far to load of those who war embargo in force. nembers of the it to kee per and age all the ner of c } ations that want to buy Many Object to Giving President Extreme Power Another was not well advertised is a section giv velt additional threats of war. section of the dent to define ‘cx to forbid American ships ican citizens from Zones, highly pro- vocative. For there are many who believe no Chief Executive ought to be clothed with such extrem I doubt that it ever will be or abused, yet it has that possible danger within it. tential danger, the section is being vigorously opposed by men just as anxious to keep the nation out of war as those who say that only re- peal of the arms embargo will keep us from being embroiled in Europe's mess. Debate has made it appear, thus far at least, that the original “cash and carry” sections constitute a strong bulwark against our entan- glement. But there surely is ground for objection to that part which was added--that part which will give buying nations 90 days in which to pay. A buying nation can come to our shores, load down many ships and go away with the cargoes with- in 90 days—and say at the end: “We have not the money to pay.” that. The purchasers did that dur- ing the World war, also, and we are still waiting for those nations to pay more than $12,000,000,000 on those debts. 1 am the only corre- conferences with foreign nations some tangible basis of payment worked out, and since that time 1 have had little faith in any of their promises. The ‘“‘cash and carry’ section of the current bill, with its me as nothing more nor less than a breaking down of the law that Sena- through the congress some years ago. The Californian fought until he got a statute that barred any na- it still owed on its World war debt. Shows Mistakes Can Be Made It probably is an impossibility to “‘Jegislate’’ a nation into being neu- tral. It is like legislating people into being good. If they want to be good, or if they want to be bad, they probably will be just that way, regardless of what kind of a law the brain trusters in a legislative body put together. And, in the in- stance at hand-the so-called neu- trality bill—there is ample evidence of mistakes that can be, and are being, made. Friends of the program of em- have businesses from 3ritish and French possessions in the Caribbean sea. They would have halted buy- ing and selling in some quarters of South America, like the Guianas; air lines from the United i1ld not have stopped ther 1 nr 3 w lar North and South Aid kept many 1 schedules would have been dis aavance anc Daly Monroe Doctrine Must Be Given Consideration inter- at is not the of interests, eration m Monroe trade with s in the west- therefore, is bly different than with Great France, themselves. of the close commer cial ties with those possessions, with due recollection of the principles of the Monroe Doctrine, there remains the fact that congress, under the urge of the administration, is seek- ing to legislate neutrality, a neutral- ity that works one way with the parent nation and another way with the colonies—the children—of the bel- ligerent nation. It is quite evident, indeed, that whatever law is finally enacted will contain many imperfec- Doctrine, ons and possessi isphere, iv con- and st, with all gerous principles. It should be said to President Roosevelt's credit that, thus far, he has not openly put the pressure on his congressional leaders for passage of the bill without changes. Membership of the two parties in congress is widely split. Perhaps that is why White House force can- not be used effectively. True, some of the anti-administration Demo- crats have predicted that the Presi- dent will get both feet into the situa- tion before action is had, but that has not happened, yet. Does a Worth-While Job While all of these things have been going on in Washington, the sessions of the conference at Pan- ama City ought not be overlooked. The representatives of our own and our neighbor republics did a good job in arranging for co-operative action to keep the war away from our shores and in Europe, where it started. It always is possible for best intentions to go haywire, but surely there is credit due to Mr. Roosevelt and the department of state for the leadership exerted in getting all of the South and Central American folks around a single table. If nothing more happdned than a free discussion of the poten- tial dangers that exist, the meeting would have been worth while, More did happen, however, and the un- derstandings that were reached, stripped of high-sounding words, mean that active governments in the western hemisphere are going to work and act together. Further, the conferences can be said to have smaller republics and so-called re- publics need fear any of the others. In the meantime, however, it is distressing to witness newspapers everywhere relegating important domestic news, facts about our inside pages, ton papers the other day had seven pages. bringing the war here when we don't want it, AN YEI8383 DEPARTMENT STOVE & FURNACE REPAIRS ao ronnnce REPAIRS 25558 Ask Your Dealer or Write UUs FRIES, B AO IE EALL & SHARP CO, 734 Washington, B, Q, OPPORTUNITY WANT A JOB IN WASHINGTON? Write for full particulars Washington Business Bureau 226 Bond Building, Washington, D. C. Decorative Initials Lend Personality 224. 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Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers