U. S. Rupture of
Japan Treaty
INTERNATIONAL:
Focus on Japan
The word ‘‘defeat’’ laid heavily on
Neville Chamberlain's brow. In
Tokyo, his British Ambassador Sir
Robert Leslie Craigie had signed
peace terms with Japan in which
Mr. Chamberlain's government
promised not to obstruct the Jap-
anese army in its war with China.
But first guesses are sometimes
wrong. Though Berlin's Voelkischer
Beobachter sneered ‘Very Dis-
agreeable, Mr. Chamberlain,”” and
though Secretary of State Cordell
Hull warned this meant the end of
U. S.-British ‘‘parallel action’ in the
Orient, Britain herself felt satisfied.
To Shanghai's British chamber of
AMBASSADOR HORINOUCHI
More bad news is coming.
commerce, which protested vehe-
mently, Mr. Chamberlain gave an
explanation something like this:
The U. S. was to blame, since she
refused to raise a finger to protect
occidental influence in China against
Jap aggression. But by granting
Japan rights in China, Britain satis-
fied Tokyo's grievances against
western democracies and thus ‘‘de-
tached” her from the threatening
Rome-Berlin axis. Moreover the |
European tension made such a set- |
tlement unavoidable, since Britain
could not protect both her Asiatic
and European interests. As a re-
sult, full emphasis can now be
placed on blocking Hitler and Mus- |
solini; Britain's worries in the Ori- |
ent are over.
But were they? Critics warned |
Mr. Chamberlain that U. S. isola- |
tion might result from this unprece-
dented surrender. That very thing
looked possible a few days later
when Cordell Hull flatly terminated |
the 28-year ‘‘treaty of general com- |
merce and friendship” with Japan.
Though Jap Ambassador Kensuke
Horinouchi got a formal explanation |
that certain provisions of the pact |
“need new consideration,” he knew
it was but the first of several slaps. |
A few months from now the U. S.
will probably notify Ambassador
Horinouchi of an arms embargo i
against Japan. Meanwhile, Japan |
turned the tables by announcing its
price for a new treaty would be U. S. |
recognition of a ‘‘new order”
China.
opinion in Washington that Neville
Chamberlain is to be trusted no
more than Japan. Having sold Brit-
ish interests in China down the riv-
er, having violated both the nine-
power and Kellogg pact, he probably
winced at the next news: Japan got
an inch and took a mile, announcing
all foreign shipping would be |
banned from Canton. |
POLITICS:
Rift
Interesting to Republican politi- |
cians was the announcement that |
Ohio's Gov. John W. Bricker would |
seek another term, and not run for
the G. O. P. presidential nomina-
tion. This left convention delegates
from Mr. Bricker's state a clear
COTTON
IN NEW YORK: Since Britain
agreed in her Anglo-American
barter plan to take additional cot-
ton for whatever subsidy was es-
tablished, the 1% cents per pound
rate recently announced will give
her roughly 100,000 additional
bales, or a total of 700,000 bales.
IN WASHINGTON: The U. 8.
and Japan agreed to extend for
one year their Philippine islands
cotton pact, under which Jap ex-
porters of cotton piece goods
agree to limit the annual Philip-
pine importation of Japanese cot-
ton piece goods to 45,000,000
square meters,
IN MEMPHIS: Pres. Oscar
Johnston of the National Cotton
council planned a conference with
Secretary of Agriculture Henry
A. Wallace to improve consump-
tion and price of cottonseed, thus
averting ‘threatened disaster.”
field to plump for Ohio’s Sen. Rob-
ert A, Taft, who simultaneously
notified his supporters to start dig-
ging up Taft-pledged delegates,
But Democratic politicians had
even more interesting—if more puz-
zling—news about 1940. Off to Eu-
rope (on the same boat with G. O. P.
Chairman John D. M. Hamilton)
sailed Postmaster General James
A. Farley after a mystifying confer-
ence at Hyde Park with President
Roosevelt. Only after-conference
word to reporters was Mr. Roose-
velt’s remark that such talks had
been going on for years, and were
“fairly effective.”
But everyone knew the subject of
1940's presidential election had been
broached, most observers thought
Jim Farley had pressed his boss for
an announcement regarding his
third-term candidacy, and a few
thought there was a definite rift be-
tween the two men which will not
break into headlines until October
or later,
Reasons: Mr. Farley is a poten-
tial candidate who cannot risk an
announcement until after the Presi-
dent himself speaks. Otherwise he
would lose much New Deal
port. Even so,
simmering during the Supreme
court fight, boiled during last year's
“purge” and boiled even harder
when Farley's enemy, Paul McNutt,
got a fat administrative job. Good
Democrats are wondering if these
rifts will ever be healed.
ENGLAND:
Irish Wit
Commuters at London's
Cross and Victoria
dered as bombs exploded.
were hurt, one killed.
King's
Forty
a wooden bridge we blown
Wreckage blocked the Liverpool-
Leeds canal and parliament shiv-
ered when someone discovered its
historic building might be blown up
next. Next morning commons
hastily passed and sent to the house
of lords a bill to give police special
re
i
went to work looking for the phan-
Reason: They
want Britain to evacuate soldiers
and officials from northern Ireland.
Last summer Trust Buster Thur-
man Arnold obtained
medical
the
other lesser
21 physicians
three
groups and on
trade under the Sherman
Specific case: Group
medical group formed by govern-
¥ h »
employees in Washington,
referred to them by the
A. M. A'S FISHBEIN
No program, no need of it.
of its Gibraltar-like stand against
socialized medicine. A few weeks
later A. M. A's board of governors
actually did modify this stand and
observers thought the case would be
dropped.
Late July found A. M. A. scoring
a victory. At Washington's District
of Columbia federal court, Justice
James M. Proctor dismissed the
proceedings on ground that the prac-
tice of medicine is a profession, not
a trade, therefore does not fall un-
der the Sherman act.
While Wendell Berge, Mr. Ar-
nold’'s assistant, told reporters that
a government appeal ‘seems to me
a foregone conclusion,” A, M. A.'s
Journal editor smiled over his vie-
tory at headquarters in Chicago.
Said he, expansively: The A. M. A's
principles and policies neither for-
bid nor ever have contemplated
‘any opposition to a well-considered
expanded program of medical serv-
ice, when the need can be estab
lished.” Thus far, evidently, A. M.
A. thinks the U, 8. has found neither
a fit program nor sufficient need
for it,
PUZZLERS
Do you know your news? Answer
all five and your mark is 100; four, 80;
three, 60; two, 40; one, 20; none, 0!
ARGENTINA
Falkland ts,
0
:l South
o South Georgio 1,
5 Shetlands: S
O
*
South Orkneys
a :
3 { Snow Hill I,
1. Why is south polar area be-
tween twentieth and sixty-eighth
meridian (shown on map) now in
the news?
2. True or False: The Rev.
Gerould Goldner, Ohio prisoner
kidnaped by Arabs, was released
after kissing each of his captors
on both cheeks.
3. Choice: An unprecedented
drouth recently hit the (north-
west) (southeast) (southwest)
(northeast) section of the U, 8.
4. What nationally important
event is scheduled to happen
August 15 in St. Joseph and
Marshall counties, Ind.?
5. What “boner” did R. 8. Hud-
son, British secretary for over-
seas trade, pull during his re-
cent talk with Germany's Hel-
muth Wohltat?
(Answers at bottom of column.)
CONGRESS:
ow : ’
Splending
By the time it reached the senate
floor, President Roosevelt's $2,460.
000,000 spend-lend bill
a personal headache
Leader Alben W
center of scoffing
Jarkl
ie
““splending
which
riders as
ratic Sen.
reservoir into were
dumped such irrelevant
that of Montana's Democ
store old prevailin
By cautious elim
Barkley was removing every possi-
SENATOR BARKLEY
He took plenty of scorn.
honored method of modification. By
this time it was a matter of face-
Major modification was elimination
$500,000,000 road-building program.
in
By an even
Mr. Barkley also took scorn from
from Virginia's Harry Byrd (“The
whole scheme is devised to evade
the debt limit’) and from Georgia's
Walter F. George (“A palpable
fraud on its face’). Besides the pub-
lic debt issue, opposition centered
around the impossibility of hiking
indebtedness in already
hard-pressed states and cities.
Moreover, spend-lend philosophy
his guns and awaited the
tious moment for a vote.
Also in congress:
ql. Passed by the senate, the general
transportation bill of Montana's Sen.
Burton K. Wheeler was shelved
propi-
made so many changes that imme-
diate compromise was impossible.
4. Nomination of Francis B. Sayre,
undersecretary of state, as high
commissioner to the Philippines was
received from the White House.
€. Middle-west congressmen sought
discussions with Secretary of State
Cordell Hull and Secretary of Agri-
culture Henry Wallace on a propo-
sal to barter lard to Germany in
exchange for products now on the
U. S. tariff free list.
Answers to Puzzlers
1. Argentina claims sovereignty
over this land, dispu U. 8. and
British claims, especia those to
be made by Rear Adm. Richard E.
in forthcoming
Byrd U. 8. Antarctic
expedition.
True: Reverend Goldner and
pis Sapioty kissed and swore "eternal
3 Northeast.
4. Questions to be asked in 1040
census will be tested there.
5. Made unauthorized offer of huge
Joan to “buy” peace from Germany,
WASHINGTON.—When one exam-
ines political situations and ma-
neuvers, there is nearly always a
tendency to overestimate the impor-
tance of the current activity, That
is to say, an action or a policy just
given an appraisal that exaggerates
its significance, Political plans, on
the contrary, ought to be looked
upon in the mass. This is especially
true of national politics which, of
and voting strength.
For these reasons, there seems to
be need for a review of the first ses-
temporary defeats for the
and balancing victories
for him and his political philosophy,
all should be analyzed. The result
tant bit of history. It is important
because it has a direct bearing on
the 1940 political ‘campaign and vot-
ing. It is more valuable to see the
time than usual because of the ef-
being made to put forward
President Roosevelt for a precedent-
breaking third term in the White
House,
Most every one has been aware,
since 1936, that a split in Democrat-
ic party strength has been growing.
Mr. Roosevelt, himself, led the way
and was perhaps the main cause of
the present wide breach. It will be
remembered how he sought to
“purge” the Democratic party of
Senators George of Georgia: Smith,
of South Carolina; Tydings, of
Maryland; and tepresentative
O'Connor of New York. He failed
on all except the New York repre-
sentative. So there were three
senior members of the United
States able, openly, to battle Mr.
Roosevelt's policies. Around these
three have since collected all of
those Democrats who fear radical
leadership in the party; who fear a
Roosevelt third term and who are
determined to restore party control
to those who have been responsible
for a long line of party successes.
Old-Line Democrats Succeed
In Building 1940 Platform
There has been much written and
spoken about maneuvers under-
neath, and what the results of these
maneuvers are. 1 am inclined to
the opinion, however, that only now
sion of the seventy-sixth
are we able to evaluate them prop-
erly. The various acts of congress,
the various attitudes and defeats
the basket. When they are shaken
up, it strikes me that the old line
Democrats have succeeded in build-
ing what amounts to a national
that platform can reasonably
New Dealer can run for the presi-
Perhaps, the statement of Senator
Joe Guffey of Pennsylvania evalu-
ates the circumstance better than I
Guffey, New Dealer, closer
associate of the President than Mr.
Roosevelt sometimes desired, as-
serted in a recent radio address that
Mr. Roosevelt “has had no term in
the White House at all, for his work
was destroyed by the Supreme court
in the first term and was wrecked
by tories in the second years.”
When one places the seething
legislation, bureaucracy
and propaganda under a micro-
correct—if the view is from the
New Deal angle, alone. The wild
reforms proposed by the brain trust
of the first term were knocked down
by the Supreme court. Further at-
tempts to rebuild America were
slowed down by congress, little by
little, until the current session of
congress has been telling the Presi-
instances, Thus, it can be said, the
President remade the Supreme
court to his liking, but he lost
congress, and it is well to remember
just here that the Supreme court
decides only questions that are
brought before it. If congress does
not enact questionable laws, the
highest court does not get a chance
to hold them constitutional.
Congress Takes Back Power
Delegated to Mr. Roosevelt
It becomes less difficult, there-
fore, to sit back now and use hind-
sight. We see, practically from the
time of the “purge,” how congress
began to take back powers it dele-
gated to Mr. Roosevelt in the hectic
days of 1033 and 1934. A bite here
and a bite there. The pinnacle was
reached when the senate kicked out
the President's power to devalue the
dollar and took away the right to
buy silver with a repulsive and dis-
gusting subsidy. Of course, after a
brief lapse, those powers were given
back to the President, but there is
significance in that fact. It showed
that when congress is ready, it will
be just as free to take away from
the President as it was to give pow-
ers to him before the party breach.
In between the extremes
mentioned, and particularly within
the current session of congress,
there have been unmistakable signs
of congressional domination. I do
not mean to say that the Democrat-
ic wheelhorses in congress have
thrown the President overboard.
They have chosen to chisel away his
strength; they have avoided knock-
down and drag-out battles as much
as possible, unless the issues were
paramount. Their strategy plainly
has been to build strength for them-
selves in their own districts and in
their own states rather slowly. The
whole thing amounts to a program
of education of the voters who a few
brief years ago were hailing Mr.
Roosevelt as the national savior. 1
believe the work gone far
now that most of the Democrats in
congress have considerable support
in their home playgrounds.
To elaborate on the generalities
which have been stated above, I
may cite such things as the house
determination to continue the WPA
investigation—something New Deal-
ers did not want, Additional funds
were voted for continuation of the
investigation of un-American activi
ties, headed by Representative
of Texas—a progre openly
tacked by the New Dealers.
constant threats of congressional in-
vestigation of the labor l
board and the federal comn
tions nmis are two other
ES » inner circle of New
Dealers are moving heaven and
earth to prevent.
Many Things That Annoyed
New Deal Faction of Party
Reduction of the WPA fund total
early in the spring, while small,
was just another annoying mosquito
bite on the New Dealers’ legs. The
voting of furloughs for WPA work-
ers who have had 18 months of con-
tinuous checks was disliked by and
was thoroughly distasteful to the
New Deal faction of the party.
Nor did Mr. Roosevelt want to see
congress change the tax laws. Sen-
ator Harrison of Mississippi, togeth-
er with Undersecretary Haynes of
the treasury, worked out the law
that was passed. It eliminated the
principal schemes for reform that
the New Dealers had sponsored in
has 80
pletely subservient to the White
House. It is to be noted just here,
too, that these tax changes had the
support of Chairman Doughton of
tee, who had been a dependable
"yes man" for the President, up to
that time.
Changes that were made in the so-
cial security laws were never ac-
1
constitute the Presi-
principal advisors.
again, congress showed its teeth in
only a snarl.
The senate foreign relations com-
mittee gave the
ity legislation.
lowed a real spanking by the house.
gram and butchered
on.
President Gets Plain Mad
The Way Things Are Going
It might be proper at this time to
call attention to another phase of
hardly be said to be a part of the
cussing. Lately, Mr. Roosevelt has
had his “Dutch up,” so to speak,
and has not minced words. For ex-
ample, he called in Lyle Wilson,
were untrue.
the able and patient Secretary Hull
of the Department of State. Their
differences were reported to be over
the President's policy on neutrality.
Anyway, the incident wound up with
the President taking the almost un-
precedented action of issuing a pub-
lic statement accusing the United
Press of falsification of the facts.
This series of incidents came
after many reports were in circula-
tion at the Capitol that Mr. Roose.
velt was mad about the way things
were going. Whether these reports
were true or false, they were seized
upon by Republicans and by the
Democrats who no longer want any
part of Roosevelt policy. They
were spread in the most fanciful
fashion and there was no opportu
nity overlooked by which those old
meanies around congress could
add to the President's discomfiture.
Of course, all of this is a part of
the great ome of politics. Yak
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