Who Is the Enemy—
China or the
White Man?
By JOSEPH W. LaBINE
Japanese naval underlings were
allegedly slain by the Chinese.
In retaliation a whole fleet of
stern-nosed Nipponese battle-
and began shelling Shanghai.
That was the start of Japan's
current ‘“‘war of defense’ in
China. If some of us scratch
our heads over the “‘war of de-
fense’ idea, it may as well be
explained that the Sino-Jap sit-
uation is full of paradoxes and
puzzles. For example:
Japan fears foreign criticism
but invites it by shelling Ameri-
can and British ships.
She claims to be helping
China while bombing cities,
slaughtering innocent natives
and destroying everything in
sight.
She dislikes Westerners,
makes a Fascist pact
Germany and Italy.
She signed the nine-power
treaty guaranteeing China’s in-
with
country.
Such, perhaps,
all nations that go to war,
tablished governmental tenets. If
Japan's unusual attitude seems
more hysterical than that of the
average nation at war, it's either
because the Japs are naive or ex-
tremely clever. Probably they're
clever, so clever that Western pow-
ers are just beginning to under-
stand this Chinese invasion,
Japan, some observers say, is
warring not on China, but on West-
ern domination in the Orient! The
“divine destiny’ she pursues is a
union of all Asiatic nations under
Japanese domination. The net re-
suit will be expulsion of British,
French, American and Portuguese
commercial interests.
Apologies Come Fast,
Diplomatic files of both America
and Great Britain are choked with
so-called ‘‘apologies’’ for hostile
acts such as the Panay incident,
bombing of H. M. S. Ladybird and
the aerial attack on Britain's am-
bassador to China. But despite these
apologies the incidents continue,
And, amazingly, many recent Ori-
ental attacks on Western powers
have come from the Chinese!
President Hoover. Later a Chinese
anti-aircraft shell killed a sailor on
the U. 8S. S. Augusta. In fairness
that both these attacks may have
been accidental.
ish, American and other traders ac-
cepted these insulting terms be-
cause their ships sailed homeward
laden with richer tribute than they
| had brought.
Opium Restrictions Lifted.
| China's opium curse, for they be-
gan smuggling it from India late in
the Eighteenth century despite gov-
ernmental edicts to the contrary. In
1839 when China confiscated British
opium the English sent ships and
soldiers, destroyed half of Canton
and forced China to sign her first
humiliating treaty in 1842.
Grudgingly, she later made pacts
with other Occidental powers and
permitted establishment of the in-
ternational settlement in Shanghai.
of the white men
more bloodshed in 1856, after which
Britain won trading rights at five
additional ports
restrictions were also relaxed to
Britain's glee and poor China's mis-
ery.
In 1859 British and French ships
were attacked at Taku.
years the allies had taken Peking
and forced still another treaty down
China's throat. Some time later
came establishment of the Euro-
pean controlled imperial customs
service at Shanghai. Western con-
quest of China was growing rapidly.
Shanghai and other cities became
Occidental, featured by skyscrap-
ers, European dress and the white
man's customs. China, proud of
her ancient culture, kept the resent-
ment of this intrusion rankling in
| her breast. The American Indian
probably felt the same way,
| both have been justified.
Japan entered the picture promi-
nently during the World war
she seized German possessions in
{ Shan and gained broad com-
mercial and mining privileges with
her notorious 21 demands. At the
tung
Using every conceivable type of
seige were in more danger of harm
from enraged Chinese troops than
from the attacking Japs.
Japan's habit of attaching an
apology to the tail of every bomb
she drops on Westerners in China
is, to say the least, beginning to
reek of insincerity. The Panay at-
tack and several others have been
established as deliberate. We can
take little solace from the fact that
Japanese civilians are opposed to
such tactics, because only the army
and navy count in Nippon. The em-
peror, the premier and the people
are puppets.
Occidentals have never been pop-
ular in the Orient. Three centuries
ago they invaded China like they in-
vaded America 200 years earlier,
selfish in their interests, despised
and suspected. They were tribute
bearers, later to become tribute tak-
ers. Canton was designated by the
emperor as their sole trading and
residence area, and only a few Chi-
nese merchants were permitted to
have dealings with them. But Brit.
Washington conference she was
forced to relinquish many of these
gains, but the die had been cast.
She showed little hesitation about
breaking treaties when Manchuria
began to look tempting. Her na-
tional self-esteem has grown tre.
mendously until Japan now feels a
patriotic duty in uniting the Orient
under her domination.
Thus the Occidentals have two
forces driving them out of China:
first, the Chinaman's natural hos-
tility and, second, Japan's ‘“‘divine
destiny” in the Orient.
Our “Word of Honor.”
White men are “losing face” in
the Far East. They have encour-
aged Japun $5 brcak 1eaties bY Sel.
ting a precedent in the matter,
thereby parading their weaknesses
before the yellow man. The Orient
can no longer rely on the white
man’s “word of honor.”
Occidentals traveling in China are
warned not to be friendly with the
natives, a precaution against the
outpost wears a gas
Chinese authorities have
| danger of ‘losing face.” To be
{ blunt, we depend not on power but
| on prestige to maintain our posi-
| tion in the Far East. It is a colos-
sal bluff which is being called today
by the clever Japanese. For Nip-
pon has discovered that our lofty
idealism and morality are hypocriti-
eal and has decided to beat us at
our own game. Instead of prestige,
Japan is using power to conquer
China.
Great Britain will be the greatest
loser in this inevitable trade argu-
ment with Japan. In addition to
| being the largest foreign investor
in China, she is Nippon's favorite
target by virtue of her belief in the
open door policy for China. English
colonists are so prominent and well-
established in the Far East as to be
synonymous (in the Japanese mind)
with all that is wrong with Occiden-
tals.
America's loss cannot be as large.
A 1933 survey showed that United
| States citizens have about $150,000,-
{ 000 invested in China, representing
{1.3 of all investments beyond our
frontiers. American money amounts
| to about 7 per cent of all foreign
capital in China. In order of in-
vestments, Great Britain is first, Ja-
pan second, Russia third and the
United States fourth. Almost two-
thirds of the American investment
is centered in Shanghai.
The Question: Japan's Policy.
What will happen to Occidental
investments in China must remain a
matter of conjecture, dependent,
first, on what policy the victorious
Japanese may wish to adopt, and
| whether they wish to abide by the
“open door’ doctrine to which they
| subscribed at the Washington naval
| conference. It is doubtful if they
| will,
| Quite obviously, e 3
will be accorded Japanese
chants. Already the imperial cus-
toms service at Shanghai has been
removed from European hands and
placed under Nipponese domination.
This means that Japanese goods
may enter China duty-free while
American and British goods will be
assessed heavily.
But does Japan dare close China's
door to Britain and America? And
do Britain and America—in turn—
dare risk incurring Japan's enmity
by protesting too loudly against the
invasion of China? The truth of the
matter is that Britain and America
buy 53 per cent of Japan's exports,
whereas the same two countries
account for 65 per &ent of Japan's
imports. In terms of trade, the
three nations are mutually depend-
ent.
Last year 23 per cent of America's
cotton crop landed on Japan's
shores, in addition to $30,000,000
worth of oil, $8,000,000 in lumber,
$6,000,090 in wood pulp, $10,000,000
in machinery and $9,000,000 in mis-
cellaneous purchases. In all,
very advantage
mer-
pan each year.
Hands-Off Policy.
In the light of the Occidental na-
to understand why Britain and
America are forsaking the mailed
dents.
China is not yet beaten.
tegic retreat, pulling the enemy far-
ther away from home and thus mak-
ing guerilla warfare more success-
ful. Meanwhile Japan finds her war
expense mounting rapidly and the
folks back home may eventually get
tired of paying the bills.
It is generally conceded that Ja-
pan must hold out two years to win
a complete victory. If she does,
she will control China and can hold
the Western nations at her mercy.
If China wins, Japan will be driven
back to her island empire but the
Occidentals will not necessarily
profit. On the contrary China's
years of grief will have welded its
peoples into a strong, purposeful na-
tion, ready to trample on the for.
eigners who now hold sway in her
rich cities.
or ut het way Jo Sure figure it, the Yel-
Peril has the white
man's eri estern Newspaper Union.
ADVENTURERS’ CLUB
HEADLINES FROM THE LIVES
OF PEOPLE LIKE YOURSELF!
“Death Fog”
By FLOYD GIBBONS
Famous Headline Hunter
I ELLO EVERYBODY:
Well, sir, the Vikings of old used to sail the seas in oared
galleys that were hardly bigger than the motor cruisers in which
we plough through our lakes and rivers today. I'll give them a
lot of credit for their nerve. But they had oars to row with and
sails to carry them along. They knew where they were going
and they had a pretty good chance of getting there. I'm betting
a lot that there wasn’t a Viking in any age who would have put
himself in the spot Pete Gear of Sunnyside, L. I., found himself
in. Not for any amount of money.
It happened in September, 1027—and here's how. Pete got a job en
a coal barge. And one of the first trips that barge was sent on after
Pete joined the crew, was a tow out to sea with a load of coal for a
ship that was to meet them a hundred and ninety-five miles out in the
Atlantic.
The rendezvous at which they were to meet was southeast of
Block island. A tug was to take the barge out. Five men com-
posed the barge’s crew. Four of those fellows—Pete included
had never been out to sea before, The fifth man was a regular
sea-going bargeman.
They Couldn't Find the Boat.
On the afternoon of the day appointed, the tug came along and the
barge was hooked on behind it. Pete says the trip up Long Island sound
was like a moonlight excursion. But after they passed Montauk point,
the sea was mighty rough. The four landlubbers immediately got seasick.
It was a hard night for those lads—but it was going to be a lot
harder before they got back. The next day, when they arrived at the
appointed spot, there was no sign of the boat they had come to meet.
The tugboat captain told the bargeman to drop anchor and he would
circle ® ound and see if he could find the other boat. He cast off the tow
line and the tug steamed away. Soon it was out of sight. There was
nothing in sight, as a matter of fact, but water and more water. They
were nearly two hundred miles from the nearest land. Then, half an
hour later, a thick fog settled down over the anchored barge.
Anchored in the Shipping Lane.
Says Pete: “We were lying in our bunks, too sick to move, when the
regular bargeman came in and told us about the fog. He explained that
we were anchored in the shipping lane, and that was a dangerous posi-
Pete Yanked Away On That Bell
tion. We would have to keep the fog bell ringing as long as the fog lasted.
Otherwise we would most likely be run down by one of the liners which
were continually passing through that part of the ocean.”
And that was only the beginning. The troubles crowded
thick and fast after that. It was night now, and the bargeman
went aloft to hang a riding light. He was hardly up there when
he fell to the deck and lay still, his leg broken. “Then,” says
Pete, “the nightmare began.”
Pete picked him up and carried him to his bunk. The other three
were still lying in their bur the ghastly pallor of seasickness on
When little he could for the injured man,
men ks,
their faces
Pete went
he had done what |
out and started ringing the fog bell
The night wore on, and the fog showed no sign of lifting. Pete yanked
away rhythmically on that bell, tolling a monotonous dirge., His arm
was getting tired. His hand was chafing from its constant contact with
the bell rope. Every minute he expected to see the bow of an ocean
liner looming over the barge. Every minute he expected to hear a thud
and a crash of splintering timbers as some huge craft cut them in two.
Pete Had to Keep Ringing the Bell.
Pete began to feel that he couldn't hold his arm up to pull that bell
rope any longer. He went into the cabin and tried to souse one of the
seasick men. Not one of them would get up. Pete was seasick himself,
but these fellows felt a lot worse. In vain he told them of the dangers of
leaving that bell unmanned. They didn't care whether the barge went
down or not. In fact, one or two of them hoped it would.
Pete dragged himself back to the bell.
But he couldn't quit. His life depended on it. And so did the lives of those
other four men in their bunks. Dawn came, and still he was jerking away
on that rope. Still the fog hadn't lifted. All morning long—all after-
noon-—-he stuck to his post. Both his hands were so raw now that he
had to hook his elbow through the bell rope and pull it with his arm.
Night came—and still Pete was at it. His whole body was
stiff now. He ached in every muscle and joint and bone. His
arm was working mechanically now. He scarcely realized that
he was pulling that cord.
And for TWO NIGHTS AND A DAY Peter rang that bell. Never
will he forget the nightmare of that experience. On the morning of the
third day he couldn’t take it any longer. He didn't quit. He just fell
asleep—right where he was—from sheer exhaustion.
Found by an Airplane.
When Pete awoke again the sun was just disappearing over the
western horizon. But the fog had lifted. There was no sign of the tug.
When the fog came down it had been unable to find the barge—and it
still hadn't found it.
All that third night they waited. On the fourth day Pete sighted a
plane. It circled around in the skies and then headed back toward land
again. “When it turned around,” says Pete, “I thought that pilot hadn't
seen ug.” But the plane had spotted the barge. It had been sent out from
New London for that very purpose. And on the fifth day the tug boat came
out and reclaimed its lost tow.
It didn’t take Pete long to get over the effects of his adventure. Now
he looks back un it as quite an exciting experience. There's one
though, that mukes Pete mad. He worked himself to exhaustion,
to keep some vessel from sending that barge to the bottom. “But in all
that time,” he says, “I didn’t see a single one of those big liners that
I was in such fear of.”
He was sick—sleepy—aching.
©-WNU Service.
Where Yale Is Buried
All around the Welsh village of
Bryn-Eglwys, writes H. V. Morion
in “In Search of Wales,” lies nrop-
erty which once belonged to the
Yale family, one of whom, Elihu,
did so much toward founding Yale
university. Elihu lies buried, Fow-
ever, not in the Yale chape: at
tached to the church of Bryn-Egl
wys, but at Wrexham, ten miles
away. Both places are much vis.
fted by Americans traveling in
Wales
Gather Yarn Scraps
for Flower Afghan
Rows and rows of flowers in all
colors of the rainbow-—that's the
feature of this striking afghan
which is the gayest, easiest thing
out! You simply crochet it in
strips that are 7 inches wide, and
Pattern 1623
Ideal
Pattern
illustra-
tions of it and of all stitches used:
of af-
material irements;
suggestions.
Send 15 cents in stamps or coins
(coins preferred) for thi
to The Sewing Circle,
section of
requ
8 pa
atlern
Needlecraft
82 Eighth Ave., New York,
N.Y
Please write your name,
ad-
More Jobs: Less Cost
In 1908 the infant automobile
jobs, directly
,000 peo-
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or indirectly for about 8(
ple and what today would be con-
sidered inferior ca sold for
Advertising created
a demand that today provides jobs
for approximately 5,000,000 peo-
ple, has resulted in radically im-
proved cars an d has reduced the
price to where one out of each
five people in the nation can,
and does, own a car
Dr. Plerce's Favorite Prescription ls a
tonic which has been helping women
of all ages for nearly 70 years, Adv,
ION
I'S
Consider Your Strength
Consider well what your
strength is equal to, and what ex-
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ARE YOU on
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For three EUneralions one woman has told
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Make a note NOW to get a tthe of
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hy not try LYDIA E. PINKHAM'S
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Virtuous in Youth
Be virtuous while you are
young; and in your age you will
be honored.—Dandemis,
ilili
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