3
ickard
Nominee Draws Rebuke
V ITH his customary exercise of
the dramatic, President Roose-
velt nominated Senator Hugo L.
Black (Dem., Ala.) to fill the vacan-
. 2s cy on the Supreme
court bench caused
by the retirement of
Justice Willis Van-
Devanter. Senator
Black had not even
been mentioned for
consideration previ-
ously, and the ap-
pointment was a
complete surprise to
his colleagues.
For 20 years it has
een a custom,
when a senator is appointed tc high
office, for his nomination to be com-
sidered in open executive session.
But when Senator Ashurst (Dem.,
Ariz.) proposed this in Senator
Black's nomination, objections
came forth immediately from Sen-
ator Burke (Dem., Neb.) and Sena-
tor Johnson (Rep., Calif.). They
asked that the nomination be re-
ferred to the senate judiciary com-
mittee for ‘“‘careful consideration.”
This was viewed in the light of a
distinct rebuke for the nominee.
Senator Black has been a militant
leader in the fight for the Presi-
dent's wages and hours legislation.
As a justice he would have the op-
portunity to pass upon measures
regulating public utility holding
companies, authorizing federal
loans and grants for publicly-owned
power plants, and fixing prices in
the soft-coal industry. He was, as
the chairman of the Black commit-
tee to investigate lobbying, the cen-
ter of a storm of public opinion
during the early months of 19386.
Black practiced law in Birming-
ham after being graduated from the
University of Alabama in 1906. At
fifty-one, he is one of the younger
members of the senate,
=.
Shells Pepper Great Wall
A LTHOUGH war was till with-
out benefit of official declara-
tion, the army of the Chinese cen-
tral government clashed with the
Japanese invaders for the first time.
The Eighty-ninth division, from the
provinces of Suiyuan and Shansi be-
gan the attack at the Nankow pass
of the Great Wall, 30 miles north-
west of Peiping, the Japanese said.
Through this pass the Japanese
have been able to move reinforce-
ments from Manchukuo, its protec-
torate, and the Chinese wanted to
gain control of it. They wiped out
a whole battalion of Japanese sol-
diers in the opening battle.
The Japanese opened up immedi-
ately afterward with heavy artillery
fire which the Chinese failed to re-
turn. Indeed the latter were silently
retreating into positions they
thought more secure. As shells fell
in the city of Nankow, fires were
seen to arise from heavily populat-
ed areas. The Chinese, however,
were said to be well equipped with
trench mortars with which to de-
fend the pass once they considered
their position satisfactory.
Japanese warned that all of their
forces in North China, some 40,000
fighting men, would be loosed upon
the Chinsée if they made any at-
tempt to return to the old capital in
Peiping, now held by the invaders.
a
South Demands Crop Loans
ONGRESS regarded adjourn-
ment as possibly farther off
than ever as the wage-hour bill got
all tangled up with surplus agricul-
tural control and cotton loans in
what looked like a hopeless mess.
With the Department of Agricul
ture estimating a 15,500,000-bale cot-
ton crop, about 3,000,000 bales more
than can be consumed, Southern
representatives and senators were
demanding surplus crop loans. The
Commodity Credit corporation has
authority to make such loans.
In a press conference, President
Roosevelt indicated that he had no
intention of permitting a 10-cent cot-
ton loan until congress passed the
agricultural control program and
ever-normal granary bill which Sec-
retary of Agriculture Wallace says
is necessary before the new session
in January. Trouble is the house
Senator Black b
committee doesn't know how to write
such a bill and make it stick, in
view of the Supreme court's deci-
sion on the AAA.
Now the Southern bloc has made
it clear that it will not push through
the President's much-desired wages
and hours bill, as dictated by Wil-
liam Green, president of the Ameri-
can Federation of Labor, unless
southern farmers get their cotton
loans. Furthermore, the Southern-
ers under the capitol dome are now
asking for loans as high as 15 cents
a pound, and in some cases even
18 cents. The South is not any too
well in accord with maximum hours
and minimum wages anyway.
The result of the whole affair is
a complete stalemate. Somebody
will have to give in; somebody prob-
ably will, and there will be old-
fashioned ‘‘hoss - trading’ on a
wholesale scale. For congress wants
to adjourn before the snow flies.
Southerners in the senate were
the South has been successful
blocking since the Civil war.
ready passed by the house, might
be defeated by filibuster
Bilbo of Mississippi threatened to
believed that the Southern members
would consent to its passage to put
President Roosevelt ‘‘on the spot.”
They explained that if he did not
sign it he would lose the negro vote
so essential to the third term that
is being whispered about, and that
if he did sign it the Democratic
South would drop him like a hot
potato.
se fe
Senate O.K.'s Court Reform
LL that was left of the admin-
istration’'s sweeping court re-
form proposals passed the senate in
an hour without a record vote. This
was the procedural reform bill for
the lower federal courts. It was in
the nature of a substitute for the
Sumners bill in the house of repre-
sentatives, and went back to the
house for what was expected to be
a peaceable conference.
The bill, as summarized by Sen.
Warren R. Austin (Rep., Vt.), who
wrote most of it, included:
Provision making it the duty of
the District court, in any constitu-
tional suit between private citizens,
to notify the Department of Justice
that upon a showing by the attorney
general that the United States had
a probable interest the government
would be made a party to the suit.
Permission for the senior circuit
judge to reassign district judges
within that circuit for the purpose
of clearing congested dockets. (If
necessary, a judge may be trans-
ferred from one circuit to another.)
Permission for direct appeal to
the Supreme court, if 30-day notice
is given, from any decision of a
District court against the constitu-
tionality of an act.
Requirement that all suits for in-
junction against the operation of
federal statutes to be heard by a
three-judge court, including at least
one circuit court of appeals judge.
_
Shanghai Smells Smoke
JAPANESE officer and a sea-
man tried to enter the Shang-
hai airport, now under Chinese mili-
tary control, in a high speed auto-
mobile. Chinese guards, after try-
ing to halt them, shot and killed
them. The Japanese claimed the
road on which the men were travel-
ing was part of the international set-
tlement, and threatened the sever-
est reprisals unless the Chinese
made satisfactory explanation.
The incident bid fair to touch off
a terrible conflict on the scene of
the war of 1932. When Japanese
warships threatened the Shanghai
wharves, Chinese national troops be-
gan pouring into the city from ev-
ery direction. Simultaneously came
reports that two boatloads of Nip-
ponese soldiers were headed to aug-
ment the garrison in Shanghai, and
that the sudden ingress of Chinese
troops had virtually blocked off the
entire city, isolating thousands of
foreigners from the outside world.
Cutting Madrid from Sea
LOWLY but determinedly Gen.
Francisco Franco's rebels are
pressing their campaign to cut
Madrid off from Valencia and the
sea. Latest advances of well-mo-
bilized and mechanized troops, fol-
lowing up co-ordinated attacks,
brought the insurgents near to the
capture of Salvacanete, which is
only 30 miles from Cuenca. Cuenca
is the provincial capital, and from
it emanate most of the roads upon
which the loyalist government is
depending to keep open the traffic
between the two cities.
Reports revealed that the rebels
were also opening a new drive on
Santander, last government strong-
hold on the northern coast, and had
already made important advances.
The drive followed an attack made
upon them by Asturian miners fight-
ing under the loyalist colors. The
miners acted quickly in a surprise
move, advancing far enough to
throw hand grenades into the insur-
gent trenches. Then the rebels
opened up with machine gun fire
.
Ask Me
Another
and half the attacking band was
killed, Franco's officers claimed.
well as General Franco insisted was
indicated when he was forced inte |
the paradoxical act of shelling one
of his own cities, Segovia. This |
was done, it was reported, to quell
a rebellion among the insurgent
forces. It was also said that the
insurrection had been spreading
among several provinces.
Meanwhile, other nations were on |
the point of being involved again.
There was a riot among rebel troops |
at Toledo, and Italian soldiers were
alleged to have aided in quelling
the uprising. Four merchant ships
British, one Italian, one
French and one Greek—were at-
tacked in the Mediterranean by
three “mystery” planes. Great Brit-
ain blamed the rebels and demand-
ed an answer to its protest, Italy
blamed the red loyalists, The loy-
alists blamed the rebels, the rebels
blamed the loyalists, there were lots
of talk and back talk, and nobody
got anywhere.
—
Peiping Gets "Protection"
‘“" LTHOUGH Nanking is pre-
paring to wage a destructive
war, do not be afraid.
“The Japanese army will protect
you."
Leaflets
ing these words flut-
tered from the skies
to come to rest in
the hands of resi-
dents of the ancient
Chinese capital,
Peiping. As the air-
planes which spread
the news hummed
overhead, a brigade
of 3,000 Japanese
soldiers, in com-
Kang Teh mand of Maj. Gen.
Torashimo Kawabe marched
through the city, taking possession
of it in the name of Tokyo.
What would be the result of the
new Japanese domination apparent.
ly begun by Maj. Gen. Kawabe was
a matter for speculation. Chinese
residents, long since convinced that
the inevitable would happen, took
it calmly enough. Some of them
voiced their belief that the former
boy emperor of China, Tsuan Tung
(Henry Pu-Yi), since 1934 Emperor
Kang Teh of Manchukuo, would re- |
turn to his throne in Peiping. He
would then rule over North China as
well as Manchukuo, as a puppet for
whom Japan would pull the strings.
ne
New York's Share Cut
SENATOR ROBERT F. WAG-
. NER'S (Dem., N. Y.) $726,000,- |
000 housing bill was passed by the
senate, 64 to 18, but the senator |
scarcely recognized it when his fel- |
lows were done with it.
Senator Wagner and other admin-
istration leaders struggled frantical- |
ly to defeat an amendment by Har- |
ry F. Byrd (Dem., Va.) limiting the
cost of housing projects to $1,000 a
room or $4,000 a family unit. Result |
of the struggle: The upper house, |
which originally passed the amend- |
ment 40 to 39, defeated a motion to |
reconsider by 44 to 39. i
The bill originally called for ex- |
penditures up to $1,500 a room or |
$7,000 a family unit. Opponents |
conceded that the Byrd amendment |
would prohibit the building of the
type of houses Senator Wagner had
in mind in New York City.
—_—
Purge Toll to Date: 320
EVENTY-TWO Russians in East
Siberia were lined up and shot
by the government, bringing the to-
tal number of eastern executions
in Russia's purge of ““Trotzkyists”
to 320. The 72, described as right-
ist terrorists, were charged with
operating along the Siberian rail
road for the Japanese secret serv
ice.
It was alleged the accused had
wrecked a train, killing 14 persons
and injuring 40.
Arrests of officials in charge of
various branches of the Soviet econ-
omy who had failed to make their
production quotas continued.
won
Memorial for Will Rogers
THE memory of Will Rogers,
America's lately beloved gum-
chewing philosopher, will be en-
shrined in fitting manner near his
Claremore, Okla., home after the
President signs a bill which has now
been passed by both houses of con-
gress. It appropriates $500,000 for
a memorial to Will; the state of Ok-
lahoma also will be required to fur-
—One
Emperor
nish $500,000.
A Quiz With
Answers Offering
Information on
Various Subjects
1. What countries have dictators
at present?
2, Is there any guide to the
length of sentences when one is
preparing a lecture?
3. How is GPU (Russia's secret
police) pronounced?
4. By what title was Commodore
Perry known to the Japanese?
5. How fast do bullets travel?
Answers
1. The principal dictatorships
are Russia, Austria, Italy, Ger-
many, Turkey, Hungary, Bul-
garia, Albania and Mexico.
2. There is the generalization
that sentences should not be long.
Twenty-four words is a safe maxi-
mum.
3. GPU is pronounced Gay'pay-
ooh—but only by foreigners. Rus-
sians do not mention the name,
sometimes referring to them as
the “three-letter men.”
4. For diplomatic purposes
Perry created for himself the title
of “Lord of the Forbidden Inte-
rior,” but, of course, he did not
actually hold such a title.
5. Military rifles drive their bul-
lets at speeds of from 2,000 to
3,000 feet per second. The Ger-
lich bullet, one of th espeediest,
is capable of traveling almost a
mile a second.
“Favorite Recipe
of the Week—
Refrigerator Ice Cream
12 package (scant 5 cup) ice cream
powder (vanilla, strawberry, lemon,
maple, or *chocolate flavor)
2 tablespoonfuls sugar*
1 cup milk
1 cup cream, whipped
Combine ice cream powder and
sugar. Add milk very gradually,
stirring until dissolved. Fold in
whipped cream. Turn into freez-
ng tray of automatic refrigerator,
setting control for lowest freezing
temperature. Stir when frozen %-
inch thick on sides and twice more
a' 20-minute intervals. Freezing
time: about 3 hours. Makes about
3 quart ice cream.
*With chocolate
use ‘3 package
4 tablespoonfuls sug
ice cream powder,
{sca i
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