The stake—the
to a finish.
It was predicted months ago that
the battle would be a live and bitter
one—and it is. As the weeks roll by
it becomes more and more apparent
that A. F. of L.. and C. 1. O. are in-
vading each other's fields. C. I. O.
has gained steadily in membership,
and A. F. of L. has defended its
positions by intensifying its own
membership drives.
Today the A. F. of L. claims a
membership of 3,600,000, and the
C. I. O. is pressing it closely with
a claimed 3,000,000. Bulwarks of
the Green organization's strength
are the printing industry, teamsters
and truckers, the building trades
and metal trades, hotel and restau-
rant employees, street car workers
and entertainers. Lewis finds his
power in the basic and mass pro-
duction industries — coal, steel,
men's and women's clothing, rub-
ber, oil, textiles, automobiles, etc.
But Lewis has clashed and is
clashing with A. F. of L. in places
which it has assumed were its own
grounds. The latest of these is the
maritime front. Meeting with 26
representatives of 23 maritime un-
ions on both the east and west
coasts, he announced that C. 1. O.
would attempt to gather the scat-
tered unions into one big organiza-
tion which will include workers on
both coasts, the Great Lakes, the
Gulf of Mexico and inland water-
ways. There are said to be 350,000
such workers. A. F. of L. already
has two strong unions in the field.
A. F. of L. Wins in Philly,
The apathy of one organization for
the other among maritime workers
is demonstrated almost constantly
on the east coast. Scarcely a week
passes when there is not a strike of
workers affiliated with one or the
other of the two groups on some
ship scheduled to leave port. The
two organizations will not work with
each other; if a ship owner makes
aun agreement with one union, the
other walks out.
The condition is true even when
the workers of one group involved
are not engaged in the same in-
dustry as the other group. In Phila-
delphia not long ago, 25,000 team-
sters affiliated with the Green or-
ganization went on strike. They
were protesting the fact that C. 1. O.
unions had made an agreement with
bakery employers. A. F. of L. won;
it effected a truce providing for
elections in the bakery plants, C.
I. O. promising to withdraw if it
lost the elections. C. I. O. lost and
pulled out.
An interesting clash arose on a
Seattle newspaper. The dispute was
between the American Newspaper
guild and the teamsters’
about control over the paper's cir-
culation department employees. The
guild was a member of C. 1. O,,
taking in workers in the circulation,
advertising and business offices, as
well as editorial departments of
newspapers,
The paper was forced to suspend
publication pending settlement of
the dispute. Teamsters refused to
deliver the papers until members of
the circulation department were
placed elsewhere and their jobs
given to A. F. of L.. members. The
guild members then went on strike
claiming that the newspaper had
openly against John Lewis’ C. I. O.
When it began to recognize the
C. I. O. threat to its supremacy, the
A. F. of L. lost little time in raising
its dues from one cent per month
per member to two cents; the old
rate has usually been enough to
make both ends meet but it was not
enough to finance the fight against
John L. Lewis.
Until recently the only funds in
the C. I. O. war chest were those
which affiliated unions contributed
to it when money was needed to
press its drives. But now C. I. O,
struggle is no toy conflict and will
probably take a hand in it sooner or
later. It hardly seems possible that
the administration could overlook a
struggle with so many and so broad
implications. One solution which is
reported to have been suggested by
one high in administration circles
would attempt to bring the two or-
ganizations together. The plan is
to offer Green a government post,
and let him be succeeded by George
M. Harrison, president of the Broth-
erhood of Railroad Clerks. Within
the A. F. of L. there would then be
formed a new division over the basic
industries; this would be headed by
John L. Lewis,
But one of the main issues of the
present battle within the ranks of
labor is over who shall dominate
A. F. of L. policy—the craft union
groups or the basic industries’ un-
skilled workers. Lewis’ bloc threat-
ens now to get so powerful that it
has started collecting dues of five
cents a month per member of af-
filiated unions.
Of course there are national un-
ions belonging to one organization
or the other which have large treas-
uries of their own. The bricklay-
ers’ union is said to enjoy a balance
of some $7,000,000, while the ladies’
garment workers are $2,000,000 in
the black. Lewis is said to have
spent $1,000,000 in the steel workers’
strikes against independent
corporations,
What Employers Face.
Employers are often faced with
truly mortal problems as a result
of the Green-Lewis friction. For in-
stance there is the case of an auto-
mobile body corporation which was
planning some major construction.
The company's employees are dom-
inated by the United Automobile
Workers of America, a C. 1. O. un-
ion. AC. I. O. union demands the
work of digging the foundations. The
contractor is afraid to begin work
on the job for fear the A. F. of L.
unions will not work on the super-
structure. If he gives the founda-
tion work to A. F. of L. men, he
courts reprisals by C. I. O. auto-
mobile workers in the town. So
the construction is not being done
and nobody is benefiting from the
employment it would provide.
Certain aspects of the rise of C. I.
O. have reacted definitely to the
advantage of the American Federa-
tion of Labor. Industries which in
the past have been none too anxious
taken 19 circulation men out of their
It is said that the order of the
C. L 0. is not to encroach upon in-
dustrial fields which the A. F. of L.
y has “successfully” organ-
but this order has been vio-
chiefly by minor organizers
in their enthusiasm, have sim-
gnored it.
Federation Doubles Dues,
The Federation is not so
. It regards the C. 1. O.
an out-and-out rival makes
pretense of foregoing C.1.0.
It campaigns militantly and
to deal with the A. F. of L. are now
welcoming it as an alternative to
C. I. O,, of which they are appar-
ently afraid.
Here's One Solution.
Where local unions join the C. I.
O., the A. F. of L. sets out to make
up a rival union. This has happened
in a number of cases. The A. F. of
L. has been known to borrow em-
ployees from factories where its
units are recognized to recruit new
members in other factories where
C. 1. O. appears to hold a majority.
As one faction or the other has
sought to break picket lines, vio-
lence has sometimes occurred, with
attendant injuries, both serious and
minor
Washington realizes that the labor
will be able to vote itself into con-
trol of that policy. If the above
plan would be successful, some
agreement would have to be
reached — and guaranteed — that
would allow the two groups to share
the power. But it does not appear
that either wants to share it, and
such a truce would be difficult in-
deed to effect.
Whether or not the C. 1. O. is on
the way downhill because of its fail-
ure to obtain written contracts in
the strike against the independent
steel companies is still widely de-
bated. The campaign began a year
ago, and by February some con-
tracts had been obtained. The
United States Steel corporation ca-
pitulated and signed C. 1. O. con-
tracts for ‘its Carnegie-Illinois sub-
sidiary’'s employees. This lent im-
petus to the Steel Workers’ Organ-
izing Committee drive until today it
claims 260 contracts involving more
than 350,000 steel workers.
Companies Woo Public Opinion.
But the independent companies
refused to sign contracts and are
apparently getting away with it. Be-
fore the federal mediation board
they opened up an attack concen-
trated upon Lewis, charging that
any C. 1. O. affiliate was irresponsi-
ble, threatened to break contracts
and did break them. Examples cited
included
Workers of America, a C. 1. O. af-
and Chrysler signed agreements,
had been made.
press the public with the violence
on the picket lines that were estab.
lished by C. I. O. unions.
there was resentment of the employ-
and by the companies, the vig-
ilantes were upheld on the grounds
that C. I. O. had regular armies of
its own which it continually threat-
ened to move in upon strike areas.
The contention is made that with
the failure of C. I. O. in the inde-
pendent steel strikes, ‘Big Steel”
and the automobile companies will
refuse to sign again when their con-
tracts come up for renewal. Pre-
dictions are also made that C. 1. O.
is due for another serious drop in
prestige in its attempt to organize
the employees of the Ford Motor
company.
Despite its failure to date in “Lit.
tie Steel,” the C. I. O.’s leaders are
determined that they are here to
stay, and are going right ahead in
their organization of other indus.
tries.
The U. A. W. A. is airing its com-
plaints against Ford in a hearing
before the national labor relations
board. In Washington the United
Federal Workers of America are
trying to organize 800,000 federal
employees. The drive is on in the
maritime field. C. I. O. is seeking
national organization of agricultur-
al, cannery and fruit and vegetable
workers. It is broadening out into
transportation, textiles, lumber, to
bacco and education. It does not
regard the ‘Little Steel” failure
(if indeed it can be regarded as
such) as an important ar
® Western Newen = “
CENTRE HALL, PA.
ADVENTURERS’ CLUB
HEADLINES FROM THE LIVES
OF PEOPLE LIKE YOURSELF!
“Triple-Barreled Thrill”
By FLOYD GIBBONS
Famous Headline Hunter
H ELLO EVERYBODY:
Here's a yarn that packs thrills enough to last through a
whole night. At least, it did for Mrs. Dorothy Murphy. Many
| Prize Applique Quilt
With Much Variety
section near the little town of Dover Plains, N. Y. She set out to
back she'd had enough adventures to last a life-time.
That was in February, 1914. Dorothy was just eighteen years old
to the train on that cold, Februar evening.
common then. What Dorothy drove was a surrey, drawn by an old, half-
blind horse named Brownie.
The train pulled out of Dover Plains at 6:45 p. m., and Dor-
othy turned the horse around and headed for home. Already it
was dark—a moonless, starless night. The way back lay along
a steep, rough, unfenced country road that climbed for nearly
three miles before it reached Chestnut Ridge. On one side of
it lay thick woods covering an upward slope of the ground, and
on the other was a steep declivity. For part of the distance, that
declivity straightened out into a tall cliff. And there was nothing
to prevent a carriage from going over it if it approached too
close to its edge.
That was Dorothy's first thrill—the prospect of driving over that road
in the dark. She hadn't thought darkness would fall so soon that night,
and she was scared stiff of that cliff. As she drove along, and the
darkness deepened, she couldn't see her hand before her face, and she
gave Brownie a free rein, hoping that his ins 5 would keep him on
the road.
Thoughts While Hurtling Through Space.
They were going along the top of that cliff, and all was going well.
And then, all of a sudden, Dorothy felt the wheels slipping over the edge.
Poor, half-blind old Brownie had failed her. He had gone too close to
the edge! The surrey gave a sudden lurch and Dorothy wa
out into space!
Says Dorothy: “I clutched at the air as it slid past me, like
a drowning man ‘uiches at straws. My hands grabbed some
bushes growing out from the side of the cliff and I hung on
for all I was worth. And there I was, between earth and air, and
with nothing to save me from death on the rocks below but my
precarious hold on those shrubs.”
Dorothy says that time has no meaning under such circumstances.
The minutes seemed like years. Her arms were aching and her head
was swimming. She could hear Brownie and the surrey wandering
8 thrown
“I was afraid I'd grow weak or faint.”
off in the darkness. Evidently the old horse had pulled the surrey back
on the road after she had been thrown out. For a terrible moment she
clung to the bushes, and then her fingers encountered a branch of a
small tree growing along the side of the cliff.
She caught it with one hand-—then the other—and drew herself up over
the cliff to safety. She lay on the ground for a while, sick and weak. Then,
having recovered a little, she got up and stumbled to the road,
The Big Thrill Was Yet to Come.
Brownie and the surrey were nowhere in sight. Dorothy started
walking toward home. You'd think she'd had enough adventuring for
one night—but the big thrill hadn't even started. She had only walked
a few steps when she heard a sound that froze her blood in her veins—the
baying and yelping of dogs.
Dogs don't sound so dangerous—but Dorothy knew better. A
short time before she had seen the body of a boy who had been
killed and partially eaten by these same dogs. They were wild
animals—descendants of dogs who had run away from their mas-
ters to live in the woods and had reverted to type. Every once in
a while, in those days, packs of that sort appeared in the woods
in various places throughout the country. And they still do, in
wild, outlying regions.
A single dog would run at the sight of a man, but in a pack, and in
almost anyone.
pack caught up with her.
ran until she found a tree.
She turned, stumbling, into the woods and
nearer and nearer. She wasn't a minute too soon. She had hardly
and snarling at the bottom of the tree.
She Couldn’t Understand Why There Was No Help.
maddened brutes howled and snarled below. I still turn sick and cold
all over when I think of that moment. The worst part of it was that I
was afraid I'd grow weak or faint, or so numb from the cold that I'd
fall out. I knew what would happen then.”
Hour after hour Dorothy clung to that tree, wondering why her
folks cidn’t miss her and come looking for ber. Wondering why
they didn’t realize something was wrong when the horse and
buggy came home without her. She didn’t know that old Brownie,
turning completely around in his struggles to haul the surrey back
on the road, had wandered back to town and was spending the
night in an open horse shed. Her folks thought Dorothy had de-
cided to spend the night with relatives in town, as she often did,
so they didn’t worry. And all that night, she crouched in the tree
racked by the cold and harried by terrible fears.
As the first streaks of gray appeared in the sky, the dogs slunk off
through the woods, and when she thought it was safe she came down
and crawled to the road. She couldn't walk, but a farmer, driving to the
milk depot, found her in the road and brought her home.
Dorothy says she’s written this story for us other adventurers to read,
but she adds, “‘Usually, I don’t think of it if I can help it.”
© WNU Service,
Third of Australia in Tropics
More than one-third of Australia,
or 1,149,000 square miles, lies within
the tropics. The remainder, 1,825.
000 square miles, is within the tem-
perate zone. Australia, being an
island, is less subject to weather
extremes than are regions of sim-
ilar area in other purts of the
world. Latitude for latitude, it is
more temperate, the extreme range
of temperatures in the shade in
summer and winter over a very
large area. Over the greater part
of the Commonwealth the climate
is similar to that of California.
Southern France or Italy.
The Lachine Rapids
La Chine means China in French
Pattern 1458
Here's simplicity in needlework
in this gay applique quilt, Grand-
| mother’s Prize—they're such easy
patches to apply! If it's variety
{| you're looking for, make this your
| choice. There's the fun of using
| 80 many different materials—the
pleasure of owning so colorful a
| quilt that fits bedroom.
And if it's just a pillow you want,
the 8 inch block makes an effec-
tive Pattern 1458 contains
complete, simple instructions for
cutting, and finishing, to-
gether wart, dia-
» - hs
arrange the
1%
into any
one,
sewing
with yardage c¢
gram of quilt to help
blocks for single and doubl
size,
Send 15 cents in stamps
(coir
to The Sewing Circle
Dept., 82 Eighth Ave
v
ny
AN. 2X.
or coins
: pattern
Needlecraft
nr » r
New York,
8 preferred) for this
Household Helps
Do you know the proper thing to
say when you sit on a wad of chew-
Ing gum?
If your suit is washable, here is
the correct command—if you want
to get rid of the chewing gum and
not your garment:
“Bring me an egg white, some
soap and some lukewarm water.
Then stand back and watch me
soften the gum with the egg white
~50! And finally wash it complete-
ly away with the soapy water.”
If your suit isn’t washable, the
fabric-saving element is carbon
tetra-chloride, which will remove
all traces of stain.
The authority for these points of
chewing gum etiquette is a new
booklet called “Handy Helps for
Homemakers,” which has been
prepared by a group of home
economics authorities. This book-
let is a convenient, compact hand-
book of practical remedies for the
most common household problems.
It is divided into four sections:
laundering (which includes notonly
stain-removal formulae, but also
detailed advice on the proper way
to wash various fabrics): home
lighting; heating, and cooking.
The writers of the “Handy Helps
for Homemakers’ booklet have
confined the chapter on “Cooking”
to an informative discussion of
meat-selection rules, suggestions
for improving actual cooking tech-
nigue and a summary of the merits
and problems of home canning.
A copy of the “Handy Helps for
Homemakers'' book can be secured
| by sending 5 cents to cover postage
and handling to Miss Boyd, 210 S.
Desplaines St., Chicago, Ill.—Adv.
.
Reading a Book
Many times the reading of a
book has made the fortune of a
man--has decided his way in life.
| —Emerson.
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