By
EVISING his budget estimates
for the fiscal year 1938, Presi-
dent Roosevelt told congress in a
special message
that the deficit prob-
ably would amount
to $418,000,000 ex-
clusive of debt re-
tirement payments
of $400,000,000, in-
stead of the ‘‘lay-
man's" balanced
budget he predicted
in January. He rec-
ommended the ap-
propriation of §$1,-
500,000,000 for relief;
and he demanded
rigid economy to combat an antici-
pated drop in federal revenues
amounting to $600,000,000. Mr.
Roosevelt also said there must be
a careful survey of the nation's tax
structure, and intimated that a new
tax bill would be introduced at the
next session of congress.
In correcting the over-estimation
of revenue and the under-estima-
tion of expenditures, the President
indicated that the national debt will
rise over the 36 billion dollar mark.
Though he made no specific rec-
ommendations as to economy, the
President spoke sharply about “‘spe-
cial groups’’ who are exerting pres-
sure to bring about increases in
government expenditures. It was
understood he referred especially to
the farm tenancy program, propos-
ing an annual expenditure of $135,-
000,000; the Wagner housing bill,
calling for an expenditure of $50,-
000,000 a year, and the Harrison-
Black education bill, calling for
allocations among the states begin-
President
Roosevelt
000,000 a year.
measures at a White House confer-
clared
down
asked to one billion dollars.
they would favor
the relief appropriation
stand were Senator
Byrnes of South Carolina, represent-
ing the
and Senator Pat Harrison of Mis-
sissippi. Said Senator Byrnes:
of one and a half billion dollars for
work relief is too high.
ture of $125,000,000.
relief rolls and consequently reduce
the expenditures.
“It is my purpose not only to urge
that the work relief appropriation
i
that the law require larger contribu-
tions from the sponsors of projects.
i
put up 50 per cent of the cost of the
projects, we would not have appli-
cations for a billion dollars during
the next fiscal year.”
Senator Joe Robinson, majority
leader, made an earnest plea for
economy in all directions; and Sen-
ator Charles L. McNary, Republi-
can leader, assured Senator Rob-
inson that the Republicans would
co-operate in every way possible
with the Democrats in their ‘‘be-
lated’ efforts to balance expendi-
tures with income.
In the house the economy pro-
gram lost a point when Represen-
tative Vinson of Kentucky succeed-
ed in getting through his $1,000,000
stream pollution bill
Te cabinet members were
quick to comment on the Presi-
dent’s economy orders. Secretary
of Agriculture Henry A. Wallace
forecast an immediate curtailment
of the administration's farm activi-
ties. Federal aid to farm tenants,
production control and the ever-nor-
mal granary are among the proj-
ects to feel the economic ax, Mr.
Wallace said. He is still hopeful
that the crop insurance program, to
be applied to the 1938 wheat yield,
may be salvaged.
Secretary of Commerce Daniel C.
Roper and his first assistant, Ernest
Draper, joined in predicting that
business recovery will not be re-
tarded by the apparent inability of
the administration to balance the
budget in the 1938 fiscal year, as the
President anticipated in January.
They raid they regarded lagging
treasury’ revenues as a temporary
condition and added:
“The present headway of business
is so strong that it will offset the
effect of a probable deficit.”
RESIDENT ROOSEVELT an-
nounced his plans for another
fishing trip, to begin April 28 and
last two weeks or longer. This
time he is going to angle in the
Gulf of Mexico while congress
struggles with his latest recommen-
dations. After leaving Washington
hic first stop will be at Biloxi, Miss.
New Orleans, pa
Beauvoir, the old
Davis that is now a
federate veterans. At New
Mr. Roosevelt will board the
idential yacht Potomac and cruise
out into the gulf after tarpon. A
navy cruiser will accompany the
yacht. The fishing trip will end at
Galveston and Mr. Roosevelt will go
from there to Fort Worth to visit his
son Elliott.
While the Potomac is at sea Sec-
retary McIntyre will maintain head-
quarters at Galveston with a small
staff.
I EVILLE CHAMBERLAIN, Brit-
ish chancellor of the ex-
chequer, introduced in parliament
the biggest budget since World war
times, and gave warning that na-
tional finances for several years to
come would be dominated by ex-
penditures on armaments. He said
that the government will require
an outlay of 862,848,000 pounds
(about $4,314,240,000) to carry out
its plans and pay its expenses dur-
ing the next year. Revenue obtain-
able he estimated at 847,950,000
pounds (about $4,239,750,000), leav-
ing a prospective deficit of 14,898,000
pounds (about $74,490,000).
Chamberlain said the taxpayers
would have to pay 3 pence more on
each taxable pound of income,
bringing the tax up to 5 shillings,
or 25 per cent. He also announced
a new tax on business profits, and
this especially was bitterly attacked
by the Conservatives, led by Sir
Robert Horne. They argued that it
would demoralize industry.
the way to becoming a real dic-
tator of the part of Spain his insur-
gent forces control, and of the en-
tire country if they
win the war. By de-
cree the general has
merged the two
chief rightist fac-
tions under his lead-
ership and hgs out-
lawed all other par-
ties, thus creating a
one - party authori-
tarian state. His de-
cree left open
way to restoration
of the monarchy in
Spain “if the nation
needs it,” and the monarchists of
the Carlist and Bourbon persuasions
agreed that if this takes place,
the king shall be Prince Juan,
He
Gen. Franco
“The new Spain needs
king,” said a Carlist leader. ‘We
pathizer with the ideals of the new
Spain.”
OV. LEWIS O. BARROWS of
Maine has lined up with other
state executives who will not stand
for riotous and illegal tactics by
strikers. When an unruly mob of
1,000 men tried to storm two of
nineteen factories in Auburn in-
volved in a general shoe strike
and the local authorities were un-
able to handle the situation, Gover-
nor Barrows ordered out eight com-
panies of the National Guard.
“I'll order out the entire military
forces of Maine, if necessary to pre-
serve constitutional authority,” the
executive said. “When there is open
defiance to the orders of our courts
and our officers of the law, there is
little difference from anarchy. We
shall not tolerate this situation for
a moment.”
The trouble followed a state Su-
preme court injunction, issued by
Judge Harry Manser, outlawing the
shoe strike which affects about 6.
500 workers. The mob had been
aroused by speeches by Powers
Hapgood, New England secretary
for the C. 1. O., and other organ-
izers.
FORBES MORGAN, who
* was the able treasurer of the
Democratic national committee
during the 1936 campaign and who
resigned to take the presidency of
the Distilled Spirits Institute, died
suddenly in a committee room of
the Ohio state capitol in Columbus.
Mr. Morgan, a relative of Mrs.
Franklin D. Roosevelt by marriage,
was a major in the World war.
BY UNANIMOUS vote, nearly 4,
000 Daughters of the American
Revolution, in their forty-sixth an-
nual congress in Washington, adopt-
ed a resolution opposing the Presi-
dent’s Supreme court enlargement
bill. It declared against ‘‘unbal-
ancing"” the federal tripartite sys-
tem of government and favored sub-
mission of the issues raised by the
President to the people through a
constitutional amendment.
RESIDENT ROOSEVELT sent
PEN hearings on the Presi-
dent's Supreme court bill were
ended by the senate judiciary com-
mittee, which is now engaged in
considering the
measure in execu-
tive sessions. It was
believed the com-
mittee would debate
the bill for several
weeks,
Boxes full of peti-
tions against the
measure were pre-
sented to the com-
mittee. Senator Hi-
ifornia handed in a
volume signed by
75,000 voters of his
state, and a series numbering 25,000
came from the Women’s National
Smith W.
Brookhart
of America, Inc.
One witness heard in support of
Iowa. He said the President's pro-
because the opposition
what he would do to the Supreme
court.
sue in the campaign,”
Brookhart.
mind, but former Senator James A.
Reed, the ablest, most brilliant and
dent had in the whole campaign,
did present in detail the President's
plan upon accurate information. He
dared the President to deny his
statement.
“There was no denial because
Senator Reed was telling the truth
and the President was content to
submit the issue upon the violent
arguments against it alone.”
Judge William Denman of the
United States Circuit Court of Ap-
at San Francisco, an ap-
pointee of President Roosevelt, ar-
gued against Chief Justice Hughes’
contention that a Supreme court
working in two or more separate
panels would be unconstitutional.
N THE last five months strikes in
the automotive industry have
cost the workers between $65,000,
000 and $70,000,000 in wages. And
and his C. I. O., they are planning
further strikes. What they gain,
beyond recognition of their union
which probably could be obtained
by negotiation wherever it is de-
served, is problematical. The fig-
ures are from Ward's Reports, Inc.,
affected that the net volume of busi-
ness ‘delayed’ by the strikes would
approximate $200,000,000, but what
proportion of this actually is lost
cannot be calculated.
Keeping “foreign agitators’ out
the representatives
Motors of Canada and
The company agreed to
raise wages and shorten work
hours,
United Automobile Workers of
J. L. Cohen, Toronto at-
torney who represented the strikers,
said the settlement was "eminently
“let me tell Lewis here and now
that he and his gang will never get
their greedy paws on Ontario as
long as I'm prime minister,” said
Premier Hepburn.
He thereupon let it be known that
he was prepared to push through
legislation that would exclude the
C. 1. O. from Ontario if this be-
comes necessary to save the pulp-
wood and mining industries from
C. 1. O. control.
ed to postpone until November the
drive to unionize the Ford company
plants,
EST flights by the army air
corps’ new big bombing plane
Aircraft company. This machine
the world, with an all metal fuse-
lage 100 feet long, a wingspread of
105 feet, and a cruising range of
6,000 miles. It weighs about 40,000
pounds unloaded and 75,000 pounds
when carrying a full complement of
fuel and armament. It has four
twin row engines of a new type
which will deliver 1,400 horse power
each for takeoff. The speed is about
250 miles an hour. There are five
streamlined blisters on the new ma-
chine which are emplacements for
small, quick firing cannon, instead
of machine guns. These cannon will
outshoot any guns mounted on any
other military airplane in the world
and make the great machine virtu-
ally impregnable.
ATROL of the coasts and bor-
ders of Spain by the navies and
land observers of Great Britain,
France, Italy and Germany, as ar-
ranged some time ago by the in-
ternational non - intervention come
mittee, is now in effect.
Under the command of British
Vice Admiral Geoffrey Blake,
aboard the battle cruiser Hood, the
British fleet patrols the northern
coast on the bay of Biscay. Ger-
many patrols the southwestern
coast while France Spanish
Morocco and the Balearic islands
and Italy the eastern Mediterrane-
an coast.
Merchant vessels of the commit.
tee's 27 members entering Spanish
territorial waters must first call at
specified ports and take aboard non-
intervention committee supervisors
who will have the right to examine
the eargo.
by William
National Press Bullding
Bruckart
Washington, D. C,
Washington, — Although it has
been three weeks since the Supreme
court of the Unit-
Wagner Act oj States upheld
Decisions the Wagner labor
relations act, I
doubt that there is more than a
mere handful of people in this na-
tion who are able to comprehend the
full significance of those decisions
The chances
are, if our present form of govern-
ment remains and we continue to
adhere to our Constitution, the full
decisions (there were five of them)
will not be discovered within a
No decision of the Supreme court
in several decades contains the wide
range of potentialities found in the
decisions of April 12 and it may well
be that the findings of the court at
that time will constitute a turning
point in United States history.
There are so many potentialities
to be found in the Wagner act de-
cisions that one may reasonably ex-
press a doubt whether states have
any rights left. Likewise, one may
express a doubt whether labor
and the friends of labor have won
or lost in the determination by the
high court that the National Labor
Relations board has power to com-
pel an employer to deal with a ma-
jority of his workers, organized into
union form. Above and beyond these
phases lies another, namely, the
question whether the United States
congress does not have power to
legislate strikes out of existence.
First, I am convinced in review-
ing the court's action that there has
been a tremendous amount of mis-
information spread about the find-
ings of the court. Never in my
period of service in Washington
have I seen so many different con-
structions placed upon an Official
act. We have seen and heard un-
measured criticism of the court for
turning business over to the labor
unions; we have witnessed a renew-
nl of attacks on the Supreme court
because it did not go far enough
er to congress and the President,
and we have been deluged with talk
of what can now be done in a legis-
lative way to carry out Mr. Roose-
velt's theme song, “The More Abun-
dant Life.” The truth is, however,
that the Supreme court in deciding
the Wagner act cases actually re-
stated in a clarified manner a posi-
tion the court took twelve years ago.
It was in 1925 that the court decid-
ed the so-called second Coronado
coal mining case. In that opinion,
the court laid down the rule, al-
though it was obscured, that ob-
stacles to production constituted an
interference with interstate com-
merce. In the cases this month, the
court reaffirmed and restated that
very theory of law and government,
because it declared in the Jones and
Laughlin Steel company case that
failure of the employer to permit
official agency of the government
constituted interference with jinter-
Hitherto, the con-
ception of interstate commerce gen-
portation of goods or communica-
tion across state lines.
To show the similiarity, it is nec-
essary only to recall that striking
miners attempted to close en-
trances to the Coronado mines in
The cases went to the
ment of the products into interstate
commerce. So, I am quite con-
court did in this instance and as
Deal theories consists only of clari-
fying the legal definition of inter-
state commerce. Laymen are not
concerned with legal technicalities,
nor do they understand them, but
they do understand facts and it was
facts in the Jones-Laughlin case up-
on which the court predicated its
decision notwithstanding the wild
acclaim by New Dealers for the
“enlightened’’ construction of the
Constitution in that opinion.
* - »
Any attempt to point out what
the Wagner act decisions mean and
- how far they go is
Shies at ys
bound to lead into
Discussion
a maze of compli-
cated discussion.
I have no intention of getting my-
self so entangled despite the de-
grees in law that I hold. I am a
firm believer in the declaration that
human nature works out its prob-
lems after the manner of slow and
orderly development.
But there are certain circum-
stances connected with the present
court rulings and conditions of this
day that may probably be discussed
without becoming involved in de-
spised legal technicalities.
I mentioned earlier that if the
court, as it did, could find that ob-
National Labor Relations board it
prevented a settlement of a strike,
a strike of the sit-down type con-
stitutes interference with production
and consequently interferes with in-
terstate commerce.
him from interfering with interstate
vent the workers from interfering
with interstate commerce.
Now, we come to the point, men-
tioned earlier, of the danger inherent
in any situation where congress
starts legislating on the question of
human rights. Congresses before
this time have been fair and con-
gresses hereafter may be fair in
enacting legislation dealing with the
delicate matter of human rights.
But where is the assurance that
they will do 80? How can we tell
but that at some future time a con-
gress subservient to big business
may decide to lay down ridiculous
rules about employment. It is pos-
sible, for example, that some con-
gress may say that employers may
not hire workers above fifty years
of age. They seem to have that
power—if they can make it appear
that age becomes important to the
maintenance of constant production.
I admit this sounds ridiculous.
I intended that it should sound ridic-
ulous. It has been mentioned as an
extreme case to show what may be
possible if these new powers are not
wisely used. It exemplifies, more-
over, what a factor uncertainty is
when too much power has been
granted any agency of the govern-
ment, be it national or state or lo-
| cal.
» » »
Now, to touch up on some of the
unsettled issues resulting from
the court's pro-
Unsettled nouncement: p
Issues All that has
been obtained un-
der the Wagner act decisions is
complete recognition of the right of
organized labor groups to bargain
collectively free from employer
domination. The principle of ma-
jority rule is laid down. An em-
ployer must deal with the repre-
sentatives of a majority of his work-
ers. The rights of the minority,
whether that minority be a com-
pany union or an independent union
are rather much overshadowed al-
though they can present their griev-
ances to the National Labor Rela-
tions board.
It is in that situation that trouble
is foreseen. Most of the recent
strikes have resulted from disputes
over union recognition. Largely this
union recognition question resulted
from the maneuverings and agita-
tion by John L. Lewis and his Com-
mittee for Industrial Organization.
But it is not to be forgotten that
the American Federation of Labor
has several million members in its
craft unions. Thus, it can easily be
foreseen that the National Labor
Relations board is going to be con-
fronted many times with a fight be-
tween the C. I. O. and the A. F. of
L. Each one of these organizations
will claim that it represents a ma-
jority of the workers and, therefore,
is entitled to be the spokesman for
all of an employer's workers.
Most of us have seen how bitter
internal labor rows can become. I
am sure that most of my readers
bricklayers have fought it out over
the question of which one was to do
certain work in construction. It has
happened hundreds of times and
each time bitter hatred has devel
oped. When the right to speak for
a whole body of employees becomes
the question for determination, it
seems to me perfectly obvious that
the controversy will develop into
one of white heat.
should serve as the employees’ rep-
resentative.
employer can have nothing to say.
- » »
. to borrow trouble.
Fix Hours It is neither. The
and W. situation is dis-
ages cussed for the
reason that it is quite apparent
there will be new attempts in con-
gress now to write legislation con-
trolling hours and wages. Repre-
sentative Connery of Massachu-
setts, speaking as chairman of the
house labor committee, declared
the other day that such legislation
would be drafted and he entertained
different, but Mr. Connery’s opin-
jon must be accepted as worthwhile
in so far as the house is concerned.
Thus, if congress undertakes such
legislation it is confronted with the
Needlework to Do
Add lacy crochet to dainty cross
stitch, and what have you?! A
stunning decoration for your most
prized scarfs, towels, villow casey
or whatever! However, either
cross stitch or crochet may be
used alone, if you wish, and both
Pattern 5751
are easy as can be, even for
“amateurs.” What could be more
captivating than graceful sprays
of full-blown roses, cross-stitched
in color, with the border cro-
cheted! In pattern 5751 you will
find a transfer pattern of two mo-
tifs 4% by 10% inches; two mo-
tifs 3% by 7% inches; a chart and
directions for 3 by 15% inch
crocheted edge; material require-
ments; illustrations of all stitches
sed; color suggestions.
To obtain this pattern send 15
cents in stamps or coins (coins
preferred) to The Sewing Circle
Household Arts Dept., 2580 W.
Fourteenth St., New York, N. Y.
Write plainly pattern number,
your name and address.
a
Don’t Sleep
on Left Side,
Crowds Heart
GAS PRESSURE MAY CAUSE DISCOMFORT
RIGHT SIDE PEST.
if you toss in bed and can't sieep on
right side, try Adlerika. Just ONE
dose relieves stomach GAS pressing
on heart so you sleep soundly.
Adlerika acts on BOTH upper and
lower bowels and brings out foul
matter you would never believe was
in your system. This old matter may
have poisoned you for months and
caused GAS, sour stomach, headache
oF nervousness.
Fapartss
Lorilee
Dr. H. L. Shoub, New York,
“In addition to intestinal cleansing,
grostly reduces
Mrs. Jus. Filler: “Gas on my stom.
ach was so bad | could not eat or
sleep. Even my heart seemed to hurt.
The first dose of Adierika brought me
relief. Now | eat as | wish, sleep fine
and never felt better.”
Give your bowels a REAL cleansing
with Adlerika and see how good you
feel. Just ONE dose relieves GAS and
constipation. At all Leading Druggista.
Mistaken People
He who thinks he can find in
himself the means of doing with-
out others is much mistaken; but
he who thinks that others can not
do without him is still more mis-
taken.
Many, Many Women
Say Cardui Helped Them
By taking Cardul, thousands of
women have found they can avoid
much of the monthly suffering they
used to endure. Cramping spells,
nagging pains and jangled nerves
can be relieved — either by Cardul
or by a physician's treatment.
Besides easing certain pains, Car-
dul alds in building up the whole
system by helping women to get
more strength from their food.
Cardul, with directions for home
se by women, may be bought at the
drug store. (Pronounced “Cardul.™)
Influencing Others
The best and surest way to in-
fluence others for good is to live
the kind of life—be the sort of
person—that others would want to
imitate.
Miss
REE LEEF
"CAPUDINE
relieves
If they should make
vs hate as they
Our victory is lost.
A war thats won
by hate 1 think
[s won at too great
cost.