By EDWARD
W. PICKARD
PAIN'’S civil war is becoming to
a great extent a war between
Italy and France fought on Spanish
soil, and both those nations are ex-
asperated and en-
raged, while Great
Britain anxiously
strives to avert an
open breach. Italy,
too, is now furious
against the British
because English
newspapers taunted
her with the fact
that Italian volun-
teers were defeated
by French volun-
teers in recent vic-
tories won by the
loyalists northeast of Madrid. Count
Dino Grandi, Italian ambassador to
London, told the subcommittee of
the international committee on non-
intervention that he would not dis-
cuss the withdrawal of foreign vol-
unteers from Spain and that not a
single Italian fighting in the Spanish
war would be ordered home until the
conflict ended.
France's response was quick and
startling. Foreign Minister Yvon
Delbos proposed to British Ambas-
sador Sir George Clerk that France
and Britain assume a naval bleck-
ade of Spain to keep Italian troops
from landing to join the fascists.
The British and French govern-
ments thereupon agreed, with full
knowledge of other European pow-
ers within the non-intervention com-
mittee, on ‘‘all points’ of a program
to make non-intervention complete-
ly effective and decided it was im-
perative to prevent, even by force,
any further Italian landings. No de-
cision was reached to send war-
ships at once for this purpose.
In Rome the belief was expressed
that if France appealed to the
League of Nations against alleged
dispatch of Italian troops to Spain,
Europe would come near to war. A
spokesman for the government an-
grily repeated the official denial that
Italy had sent any volunteers to
Spain since February 20, when the
international agreement for non-in-
tervention was reached.
The indignant outburst by Grandi
Yollowed closely on a speech which
Premier Mussolini delivered in
Rome. Alluding to the League of
Nations’ sanctions against Italy dur-
ing the Ethiopian war, of which
England was the chief promotor,
Il Duce shouted:
‘It has been said that the Italian
people forget easily. Error! Error!
On the contrary, the Italian people
have a tenacious memory and know
how to bide their time. We waited
40 years to avenge Adowa, but we
succeeded.”
Mussolini had just returned from
a visit to Libya, Italy's North Afri-
ca colony, and on that trip he made
a patent bid for Italian leadership
of the Moslem world. This, and his
intention to build a naval base on
the Red sea which would challenge
British control of the Indian ocean
are irritating Great Britain, which
is not yet ready to check Mussolini
by a display of armed force. She
will be ready, however, before very
long, for she is expending vast sums
on her fleets and naval establish-
ments.
Germany is not taking active part
in these international spats just
now, but is awaiting developments.
Hitler is absorbed in his domestic
difficulties and the threatened break
with the Vatican.
Dino Grandi
R. HANS LUTHER is soon to be
replaced as German ambassa-
dor to Washington by Dr. Hans
Heinrich Dieckhoff, a veteran dip-
lomat who is now secretary of state
for foreign affairs. He was counsel-
lor of the embassy in Washington
from 1922 to 1926 and has been a
staunch friend of Americans. Dieck-
hoff is described as belonging to the
“Ribbentrop group” in German af-
fairs, and is a brother-in-law of Joa-
chim von Ribbentrop, German am-
bassador to London.
{ JNDER the persuasion of Gov.
Frank Murphy of Michigan,
John L. Lewis, head of the C. 1. O.,
and Walter P. Chrysler, chairman
of the Chrysler mo- sepa ;
tor corporation, were Fg
brought together in |
more or less peace-
ful conference at the
state capitol in Lan-
sing. The immediate
result was an agree-
ment that the sit-
down strikers should
evacuate the eight
Chrysler plants in
Detroit, and that the :
corporation should Governor
not resume pro- Murphy
duction during the period of ne-
gotiations. Six thousand strikers
had held possession of the plants
since March 8 in defiance of court
orders and the governor, as in
the case of the General Motors
strike, had been extremely reluctant
to authorize forceful methods of en-
forcing the law. He had, however,
insisted that the men must obey
the law and court orders, and the
concession by Lewis was a victory
for the governor, as well as for the
corporation which had declared it
would not negotiate while the men
held its plants. Mr. Chrysler also
has asserted the company would not
enter into any agreement recogniz-
ing any one group as sole bargain-
ing agency for all employees.
It seems likely that this Michigan
case will put an end to the epidemic
of sitdown strikes. Most of the small-
er strikes in the Detroit area have
been settled, and in Chicago and
elsewhere vigorous action by the
authorities has brought sitdowners
to their senses.
President Roosevelt had steadily
refused to take a public stand con-
cerning this new weapon adopted
especially by the Lewis labor group,
but finally yielded to the pleas of
his lieutenants so far as to agree
to hold a conference on the matter
on his return to Washington from
Warm Springs. Secretary of Labor
Perkins has shown a partiality for
the sitdown strike, and various New
Dealers have defended it; but others
in the administration, like Secretary
of Commerce Roper, have con-
demned it. And in the senate and
the house it has been attacked by
Democrats and Republicans alike.
PX THE big mass meeting of
workers held in Detroit, Homer
Martin, president of the United
Automobile Workers, addressed
himself to Henry Ford, saying:
“Henry, you can't stop the labor
movement. You can't keep your
workers from joining the labor
movement even if you have a ‘fink’
(company sympathizer) at every
other post in your factory. The best
thing for you to do, Henry, is to get
ready to do business with your or-
ganized workers."
Mr. Ford is on record as saying
that his company will continue to
make cars as long as a single man
will continue to work for it; and
in reply to Martin's threat, Harry
Bennett, Ford chief of personnel,
says:
“What Martin calls ‘organized la-
bor’ is not going to run the Ford
Motor company. For every man in
this (the Ford Rouge plant) that
might decide he wants to follow
Martin and take part in a sitdown
strike there are at least five who
want their job and don't want a
strike.”
men. The minimum wage is $6 a
day, or 75 cents an hour for the eight
hour working day. The plant op-
erates five days a week, with the
exception of the blast
which must be kept going seven days
a week.
A MELIA EARHART'S globe-en-
circling flight ended, for the
present, at Honolulu when she
cracked up her $80,000 “laboratory
plane” at the take-
off for Howland is-
land. By quick
thinking and action
she saved her life
and those of Capt.
Harry Manning and
Fred J. Noonan, her
navigators, but the
plane was so badly
damaged that it had
to be shipped back
to the Los Angeles
Amelia factory for repairs.
Earhart The daring aviatrix
sailed immediately for San Francis-
co, asserting that she would resume
the flight as soon as possible.
As the big plane rushed down the
runway for the take-off it swayed
badly, the right tire burst and the
ship went out of control. The left
undercarriage buckled and the left
wing slashed into the ground. The
ship then spun to the right, crashed
down on its right wing, and the right
motor snapped off the right wheel.
Miss Earhart quickly cut the igni-
tion switches, so there was no fire,
and no one was injured.
TEN passengers, two pilots and a
stewardess were killed when a
big Transcontinental and Westorn
airliner crashed near Pittsburgh. No
one survived the disaster. The
plane, from New York for Chicago,
had been awaiting a chance to land
at the Pittsburgh airport, circling
around, and suddenly fell from a
height of only about 200 feet. Pre-
sumably the motor failed.
ONGRESSMAN RALPH E.
CHURCH of Illinois raised a
storm in the house by making a
flerce attack on Adolph J. Sab-
ath, also of Illinois and dean of the
house. Sabath is chairman of the
committee to investigate real estate
bondholders’ reorganizations, and
Church accused him of ‘‘question-
able practices,” demanding in par-
ticular an explanation concerning
benefits reaped by the Chicago law
firm of Sabath, Perlman, Goodman
& Rein as a result of Sabath’s ac-
tivities.
Democratic leaders rushed to the
defense of Sabath, and finally
stopped Church's attack by forcing
adjournment. Sabath was furious
and promised a reply at length.
OHN DRINKWATER, distin
guished British poet, novelist and
playwright, died suddenly of a heart
attack in his sleep at his home in
London. He was only fifty-four years
old and seemed in normal health.
Drinkwater’s historical plays were
widely known in the United States,
particularly ‘Abraham Lincoln,"
and “Robert E. Lee.” He had just
completed a motion picture for the
coronation of King George VI of
which he was both author and pro-
ducer. The film deals with
of Queen Victoria to the present.
) EAR Salem, Ill,
troupe from St. Louis to Cincinnati
crashed into a
occupants, 19 were killed outright
and another died in a hospital. The
accident, listed as one of the worst
ever occurring on an Illinois high-
way, was caused by the explosion of
a tire.
HIEF JUSTICE CHARLES E.
HUGHES created something of
ing that an increase
in the number of Su-
preme court jus-
tices, as proposed
by President Roose-
velt, “would not pro-
mote the efficiency
of the court.” He
added:
“It is believed that
it would impair that
efficiency so long as
a 2 the court acts as a
M i unit,
Chick Justice “There would be
more judges to hear,
more judges to confer, more judges
to discuss, more judges to be con-
vinced and to decide. The present
number of justices is thought to be
large enough so far as the prompt,
adequate and efficient conduct of
the work of the court is concerned.”
Mr. Hughes said his letter was
approved by Justices Van Devanter
and Brandeis. He made it clear
that he was commenting on an in-
crease from the standpoint of ef-
fciency and “apart from any ques-
tion of policy,” which he said, “I do
not discuss."
Senator Burton K. Wheeler of
Montana, Democrat, was the first
opposition witness called before the
committee, and he started in by
reading Mr. Hughes’ letter. Be-
fore entering the committee room
he said he believed the adminis-
tration would eventually accept a
compromise plan. He advocates a
constitutional amendment, permit.
ting congress, by iwo-thirds ma-
jority, to override Supreme court in-
validation of acts of congress, pro-
vided 2 national election had in-
tervened between invalidation and
overriding.
“The administration will compro-
mise, don't worry,” Wheeler said.
“They can't get more than thirty-
five senate votes for the President's
plan. Public opinion, which swerved
toward them for a while, is now
swinging heavily against them.”
Prominent among the witnesses
for the opposition to the President's
plan was Raymond Moley, former
head of the "brain trust” and now
professor of public Jaw at Columbia
university. He was outspoken in de-
nouncing some of the Supreme
court's decisions and favored the
amendment method. He told the
committee we might as well not
have a constitution at all as to pack
the Supreme court for the purpose
of securing favorable judicial con-
struction. Carried to its logical con-
clusion, he said, the President's pro-
posal will mean “‘destruction of the
Constitution.’
President H. W. Dodds of Prince-
ton; Dr. Theodore Graebner of St.
Louis, prominent Lutheran leader,
and representatives of the National
Grange, oldest nonpartisan organi-
zation of farmers, also appeared be-
the bill.
SEVERAL investigations into the
\J terrible explosion that destroyed
the fine London Community school
in east Texas and killed nearly 500
pupils and teachers were under
way, but at this writing the cause
of the disaster has not been deter.
mined. The most plausible theory
company,
a residue gas rich in butane, a high-
ly explosive compound of carbon
and hydrogen, and it is considered
using the gas when he was notified
employees said the change from
“dry” to “wet'"'
only a month ago on order of the
school board chairman. That gen-
tleman said the company knew of
the use of the gas.
SPANISH government forces were
victorious in some heavy fight.
ing on the Guadal:jara front north-
east of Madrid, their chief gain
being the capture of Brihuega,
headquarters of the insurgents. The
latter, however, scored in the Uni-
versity City quarter of the capital,
and on the southern front were pre-
paring to attack Pozoblanco, the
key to mercury, lead, sulphur and
coal mining territory.
Paris claimed to have information
that Germans had supervised and
manned a line of fortifications along
the Spanish Moroccan coast that
threatens British control of the
Strait of Gibraltar
AY
’ a - 4,
WIP
on
A
sk
Oh A A
National! Press Building
Washington.—Immediately after
that living costs were extraordinari-
ly high. It was a
condition that
struck close home
toeveryone. It
Living
Costs
usual emotion. There followed, nat-
urally, a wave that engulfed hun-
dreds of thousands of people who
Most people will remember how
“H. C. L.” became an expression as
common and one that figured in as
many puns and jokes and wise
cracks as the alphabetical agencies
common now to the New Deal. It
was a type of propaganda that came
spontaneously because the
condition affected so many people.
The reason I have recalled that
circumstance is because we are
again headed straight into another
era of “MH, C.. 1 We have not
reached the top of living costs by
means It takes more than a
fortune teller or crystal gazer to
predict what is going to happen in
the way of increased commodity
prices. Suffice it to say, however,
‘vicious cycle” has started
whirling and in the midst of the situ-
ation stands a very confused con-
any
people in the United States.
There undoubtedly will be an in-
crease in the propaganda concern-
ing living costs again
ganda which results from
creased cost of living but it is di-
rected rather on a slant and not
pointed accurately into the heart of
the condition now confronting us.
Undoubtedly a great many people
have not thought of the frequent and
recurring attacks on business and
business practices as having any-
thing to do with the
Ing costs
type of propaganda springs directly
from the sporadic
coming from many
the higher prices
.
localities about
-complaints that
buying food across the grocery
It seems to me that it is time for
some calm thinking about this situa-
tion. It seems to me further that
public officials everywhere ought to
be honest enough to analyze the situ-
ation and tell the public what the
real causes are. If this is not done,
there again will be undoubtedly a
test against high living costs and the
bulk of the people who suffer from
these increased costs will not know
about a counterpart of the present
outlook back in 1918 and 1919,
In any examination of an eco-
nomic condition, one must dig con-
siderably below
the surface to find
the factors that
have operated to
bring about the results visible to
the eye. Such is certainly the case
in the present situation. One can
not fairly say that the present boom-
ing prices in food have just hap-
pened. In truth, things never hap-
pen; they are brought about. They
have been brought about in the pres-
ent circumstance by factors that
date back to 1933 and include nu-
merous governmental policies that
have been initiated since that time.
The trained economist will de-
scribe present conditions as due to
inflation—which indeed they are.
But inflation is such an all-inclusive
term that the real story lies hidden.
In an effort to spur and encour-
age production and aid recovery,
President Roosevelt devalued the
dollar. He reduced its gold value.
During 1933 and 1934 there came
Seeking
the Cause
cluding the NRA and the AAA, each
designed to foster increased prices
and to build up the level of wages
for industrial workers.
Subsequently, President Roosevelt
This legislation
ment power to force business in-
terests to recognize labor unions
and to accept labor union scales of
pay-—all to the end that labor should
returns received by business.
There came also legislation de-
signed to increase the price of sil
ver and the United
Then Came States Treasury
Strikes was directed by
this law to buy
millions of ounces of silver and to
use that silver in our currency. In
the meantime and recurring almost
constantly the New Deal adminis-
tration, from President Roosevelt on
down, maintained a barrage of at-
tacks on business interests seek-
ing wider employment of labor at
increased wages. Coupled with these
attacks was violent criticism of
banks and bankers. They were
charged with being an obstacle to
recovery because they were not
lending money. It did not matter to
the critics that no one wanted to
borrow money; the criticisms were
continued because loans simply
were not being made and no exami-
nation of the reason why loans were
not being made ever was under-
taken.
Next in the chain of events and
still continuing came labor troubles.
The New Deal avowedly was on the
side of labor and against employers.
Strikes followed in increasing nume
bers.
The results of this combination
of factors and circumstances now
are showing. Considered from any
angle, one can not fail to see why
they constitute a cycle of events
that lead to higher prices.
When the dollar was cheaper by
devaluation, more dollars were re-
quired to feed a family than had
been required before. Workers felt
this sting. They demanded more
dollars in pay for their work. Pres-
sure from the New Deal administra-
tion together with labor's use of
the strike weapon forced business
to pay higher wages.
But, Jusiness must live, It can
less it gets back its costs
of production. Agriculture can not
less it receives a reason-
able price for its production. Nei-
ther agriculture nor industry will
go ahead unless there is a reward
in the shape of a profit. Conse-
quently, neither agriculture nor in-
subsist un
creased costs alone, The natural
and the only way it has to get back
those expenditures is by charging
Thus, we have the com-
and the consumer, as
The consumer
pays and if that consumer be not
in a position to enforce a higher
return for the services he renders,
he is caught between the upper
and nether millstones. It appears
that the consumer is fast getting
is the goat
* * »
In connection with this increasing
price level, and the dangers inher-
. ent in the general
Credit situation, I think
Eccles credit ought to be
given to President
Federal Reserve
for the bold
statement he made a few days ago.
Mr. Eccles warned the country very
the
clamor for a greater share of the
profits of commerce and industry
and where labor's leadership seeks
to take advantage of the inability of
employers to protect themselves.
The Eccles statement took occa-
sion to link labor's position with the
general money market and the ef-
fect labor's position is having on
the country as a whole. He re-
ferred to the demands of some la-
bor leaders for a working week of
30 hours and while not completely
discarding that theory, he gave the
very definite impression that shorter
hours do not constitute a solution
for our present problem.
“Increased wages and shorter
hours,” said Mr. Eccles, “when they
limit or actually reduce production
are not at this time in the interest
of the public in general or in the
real interest of the workers them-
selves. When wage increases are
passed along to the public, and par-
ticularly when industries take ad-
vantage of any existing situation to
increase prices far beyond in-
creased labor costs, such action is
shortsighted and an indefensible
policy from every standpoint.
“Wage increases and shorter
hours are justified and wholly de-
sirable when they result from in-
creasing production per capita and
represent a better distribution of
the profits of industry. When they
retard and restrict production and
omy out of balance, working a par-
ticular hardship upon agriculture,
the unorganized workers, the recipi-
ents of fixed incomes and all con-
sumers.
““The upward spiral of wages and
prices into inflationary price levels
can be as disastrous as the down-
ward spiral of deflation. If such
conditions develop, the government
should intervene in the public inter-
est by taking such action as is nec
essary to corect the abuses.
‘““The remedy for a price inflation
when the country has unused man
power, natural resources and capi-
tal, is through more, not less pro-
duction, through an orderly, bal-
anced use of these three funda-
mental factors and not by creating
a needless, artificial shortage of any
one of them."
Thus we have brought into bold
relief a criticism of the final factor
entering into the present increasing
price level. I refer to the artificial
in food that re-
sulted from the crop con-
trol program that was accomplished
AAA. We are now paying
the price for the destruction of
6,000,000 little pigs.
I said at the beginning of this
discussion that a calm examination
of the factors involved was neces-
in history.
© Western Newspaper Union.
English Mock Cheese Cake
115 cupfuls flour
is teaspoonful salt
1s cupful bolling water
8% cupful butter
1% cupful butter
Ts cupful sugar
1 cupful fresh-grated coconut
2 egies
2 teaspoonfuls cream
1 teaspoonful vanilla
Make a rich pie paste of the
flour, salt, three-quarters cupful of
butter and the boiling water. Roll
out, cut in rounds, and line muffin
tins with it.
Make a filling of the quarter
cupful of butter, well creamed;
add the sugar and well-beaten eggs,
cream and Fold in the
coconut, fill the lined tins, and
bake in a moderate oven until a
delicate brown, and they are set.
These may be topped with
whipped cream when they are
cool.
varnille
valiliia.
Copyright. WN Bervice.
Respect as Due
I respect the man who knows
shes. he
mischief
1 the fact
y une
311 They
yuild a tower,
labor on the
ould be neces-
sary to erect wt. —Goethe,
Don’t Sleep
When Gas
Presses Heart
If you want to really GET RID OF
GAS and terrible bloating, don't expect
to do it by Just doctoring your stomach
with harsh, irritating alkalies and “gas
Most GAS is lodged in the
stomach and upper intestine and is
Cue to old poisonous matter in the
constipated bowels that are loaded
with ill.causing bacteria.
If your constipation is of long stand.
Ing, enormous quantities of dangerous
bacteria accumulate. Then your di.
gestion is upset. GAS often presses
heart and lungs, making life miserable,
You can't eat or sleep. Your head
aches. Your back aches. Your com.
plexion is sallow and pimply. Your
breath is foul. You are a sick, grouchy,
wretched unhapp person, YOUR
SYSTEM IS POISONED
Thousands of sufferers have found In
Adlerika the quick, scientific way to
rid their systems of harmful bacteria.
Adierika rides you of gas and cleans
foul poisons out of BOTH upper and
lower bowels. Give your bowels &
REAL cleansing with Adlerika. Get
rid of GAS. Adierika does not gripe
~is not habit forming. At all Leading
Druggists,
tablets.”
Knows the Value
He who knows most grieves
most for wasted time.—Dante.
for WOMEN only
CARDUI is a special medicine for
the relief of some of the suffering
which results from a woman's weak-
ened condition. It has been found
to make monthly periods less dis-
agreeable, and, when its use has been
kept up awhile, has helped many
poorly nourished women to get more
strength from their food. This medi-
cine (pronounced “Card-u{”) has
been used and recommended by
women for many, many years. Find
out whether it will help you by
giving it a fair trial. Of course, if
not benefited, consult a physician,
WNU-—4 13-37
GOTRID 0
BIG UGLY
PORES
PLENTY OF CATES NOW... DENTON'S
FACIAL MAGNESIA MADE HER
SKIN FRESH, YOUNG, BEAUTIFUL
Romance hasn't a chance when
Street AGIOS oucsnvosssnesnsnn
CP essicscssnsns SI oounsisnns