NGRESS ended Its session at mid-
night Monday—after the clock
hands had been moved back three
times—the house hilarious with re-
n freshment, song and
rustic antics, the sen-
ate furious because
Huey Long of Loulsl-
ana had conducted a
lone filibuster for sev-
en hours and talked to
death the third defl-
clency appropriation
bill. This measure car-
ried $03,000,000 tax to
pay pensions to the
aged, retirement pay
Senator Long , railroad workers
and money for crippled children.
The Kingfish defeated all efforts to
silence him and was adamant to pleas
that he was cutting off funds for hu-
manitarian purposes. He was insisting
that the house be forced to vote on
the cotton and wheat loan amendments
to the bill which the senate had in-
serted but which the lower chamber
had rejected. A compromise had been
reached between the administration
and the bloc of cotton state senators
by which the cotton raisers were to
get government loans of 10 cents a
pound, and the wheat farmers were
left out. Long would not stand for
the elimination of the amendments
thus arranged.
The Democratic leaders were afrald
that if submitted to the house gov-
ernment loans not only on wheat and
cotton but on other commodities would
be voted at a cost of upward of $2
000,000,000.
They determined to let the appro-
priation bill fall rather than submit
to Long's terms, although Robinson
stated that Information from the con-
troller general's office Indicated there
would be no available funds for the
social security program unless the de-
ficiency measure were passed. ,
The compromise cotton plan was ae.
cepted reluctantly by the AAA, and
many of the southern senators were
dissatisfied with it. The senators from
the wheat states were disgruntled be
cause the wheat Joan policy was com-
pletely abandoned.
OME of the congressional leaders
lingered in Washington long enough
to hold a conference with President
Roosevelt and Comptroller General
McCarl on ways of obtaining funds cut
off by fallure of the third deficiency
bill. They came to the conclusion
that the administrative agencies pro-
vided for in the soclal security act,
as well as the other agencies sched
uled to receive appropriations in the
deficiency bill, could be set up with
money either from the work relief or
other unexpended funds.
However, Mr. McCarl advised, and
the congressmen agreed, that grants in
ald to states for old age assistance,
the blind and dependent children, can-
not be pald out of the work relief
fund, because such activities would
not create employment.
This restriction, it was concluded,
would not apply to grants to states
for the setting up of administrations
for unemployment insurance and other
activities contemplated by the social
security bill, for this would provide
Jobs.
“It Is apparent that the Long fl
baster will work a great hardship, but
a study is being made with a view to
proceeding wherever it Is possible with
a preparation for the administration
of the social security, the railroad re.
trement law and other measures pro-
vided for In the deficiency bill,” sald
Senator Joseph T. Robinson, Demo
cratic leader.
NOTWITHSTANDING the general
4 protest by newspapers against the
financing of paper mill construction
by the Reconstruction Finance cor
poration,on the ground
that government con-
trol of print paper
supply threatens the
freedom of the press,
Chalrman Jesse Jones
of the RFC intimated
that this practice may
be extended and at
the same time sald
this question was for %
Songrens to decide, py
e produced figures
showing that 600,000 Jesse Jones
tons of paper pulp is Imported an-
nually,
“Every governmental loan to In.
dustry competes with private capital,
and it is for congress to determine
how long It wishes such loans made”
Jones sald, In a formal statement on
RFC cash supplied to the Crossett
Lumber company of Alabama to make
paper.
Jones recalled that the house of
representatives on January 29 rejected
an amendment to the RFC extension
bill which would have eliminated loans
to paper mills, He Inferred that this
action gave the RFC a free hand to
engage in financing of paper mills,
The application of the Crossett com.
pany is the only one received by the
RFC thus far, Jones sald, and added
that the security behind the loan wus
worth $12000000, whereas the loan
fiself was for only 83850000, The
company's previous earning record, In-
cluding the last few years, assures its
payment, he argued,
ECONSTRUCTION Finance cor
poration announced that, In order
to encourage the construction of new
homes and to assist the housing ad-
ministration, it will buy and sell in.
sured mortgages. Chairman Jones
sald a $10,000,000 revolving fund had
been made avallable to the RFC mort-
gage company for this purpose. The
mortgage company also was author
Ized to lend money to companies
formed for the purpose of helping
property owners pay taxes,
Jones also sald that debt burdened
school and reclamation districts have
become eligible for loans. Advances
to them will be on much the same prin-
ciple as loans to ald dralnage and
levee districts In refinancing, he sald,
Both will be expected to compromise
thelr debts with bondholders and then
the corporation will refinance them on
a lower level
RIENDLY diplomatic relations be-
tween the United States and Russia,
established in November 1933, will not
longer be maintained unless the Soviet
government mends Its
ways and keeps its sol
emn pledges to prevent
Communist organiza-
tions on Its soll or
under its control from
plotting to overthrow
the government of the
United States. This
was the warning
banded to N. N.
Krestinsky, assistant
foreign affairs com-
Ambassador missar of the U, 8. 8
Bullitt R. by Ambassador Wil
lam C. Bullitt In Moscow, whose note
was written by direction of the De
partment of State in Washington.
The language of the note was not
quite so blunt as the above, but it did
not mince words and its implications
were not to be doubted. It sald the
Urited States “anticipates the most
serious consequences If the govern
ment of the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics Is unwilling, or unable, to
take appropriate measures to prevent
further acts In disregard of the sol
emn pledge given by it to the govern.
ment of the United States”
Within two days the SBovier govern.
ment replied, through Krestinsky, with
a coldly worded note flatly “rejecting”
the American protest. It was based
on thé old and more than dubious con-
tention that the Moscow government Is
not and cannot be held responsible In
any way for the doings of the Com
munist Internationale, and continued:
“Thus the statement about a viola
tion by the government of the Union
of Soviet Socialist Republics of its
obligations contalned (n {he note of
November 16, 1033, does not follow
from the obligations assumed mutually
by both parties, In view of which I
cannot accept your protest and am
compelled to reject it”
Krestinsky concluded by declaring
the Soviet government Is striving for
“further development of friendly co-
operation” between the Soviet union
and the United States,
REMIER MUSSOLINI, in an Inter
view granted to the correspondent
of the London Dally Mall, declared
flatly:
“It should be realized without the
possibility of misunderstanding that
whoever applies sanctions (penalties
for treaty violations) against Italy
will be met by the armed hostility of
our country.”
The duce added that If the League of
Nations voted sanctions against Italy,
his country would at once leave tie
league. .
This was enough for France, which
has been sitting on the fence, trying
to retain the friendship of both Italy
and Great Britain, Premier Laval
called the cabinet together and was
empowered by it. to oppose the appli
ention of sanctions by the League of
Nations against Italy. He expounded
to the ministers his plan to persuade
the council of the league to look upon
Italy's projected attack on Ethiopia
as a “colonial expedition” rather than
a war. This would permit the lea
to slide out of a situation that gravely
threatens its prestige. It was under
stood that Laval told the eabinet Eng-
land was less determined to act dras
tically, having realized the danger In
Mussolini's stand that sanctions would
mean war. He also sald that the
duce’s agreement to present the case
at Geneva Indicated his desire to avold
a quarrel with the great powers or ©
break with the league,
So, at this writing, it appears poor
Ethiopia is left to her own resources
in opposing Mussolini's rapacity., His
intentions were clearly stated In the
interview quoted,
In reply to a direct question whether
there Is the slightest of his
changing bis attitude, : re.
plied in the negative, saying “none at
all—~unless Ethiopia gives In.”
Opening up of the vast
interior, he sald would benefit “all
civilized states” Colonization
Ethiopia by 1 would
fulfill all colonial aspirations of Italy,
OHN N. WILLYS, long prominent
In the automobile Indusiry and
ambassador to Poland for two years
in the Hoover administration, died in
suffered a heart attack,
forced Into business at eighteen by
fortune In selling bleycles. In 1008
company, which was about to go into
the hands of a recelver, and organized
the Willys-Overland company at In-
dianapolis. Later he purchased the
Pope-Toledo company at Toledo, Ohio,
and moved the Willys-Overiand plant
there, He sold his automobile hold.
ings to a syndicate in 1920, the deal in-
volving several million dollars,
Thomas Alva Edison, Jr., eldest son
of the famous Inventor, died suddenly
in Springfield, Mass. He wasshead of
the research engineering department
of the Edison plant at West Orange,
NJ
N HIS radio address to the conven
tion of Young Democrats clubs in
Milwaukee President Roosevelt Insist.
ed that he was not speaking with any
political motive but
was saying “precisely
~word for word—
what I would say were
I addressing a conven.
tion of the youth of
the Republican party.”
He justified the New
Deal as an Interven-
tion by government to
protect and ald com
mon men in the eom-
plex scheme of mod.
ern existence, and as Rep. Snell
serted Its alm was not soclalism, but
regulated Individualism,
Champloning a philosophy of change,
the President sald that “rules are not
necessarily sacred—principles are,
The methods of the old order are not,
as some would have you belleve, above
the challenge of youth,
“To the American youth of ill parties
I submit a message of confidence
unite and challenge.”
Under the auspices of the Repub
lican national committee, Representa.
tive Bertrand H. Snell of New York
spoke over the radio In direct reply
to the President's appeal to youth—
for both parties are making strenuous
endeavors to capture the allegiance of
the young men and women. Mr. Snell
argued that a change In the Constitu.
tion abolishing rights of Individual eit.
izens would place "those who possess
the power, the wealth and the cun-
ning” in control of the government.
“Surely the youth of America” he
sald, “are not prepared to endorse any
administration which 1s seeking to
bring about such a condition.”
Jonx G. WINANT, former governot
of New Hampshire and a Repub
lican, has been appointed chairman of
the social security board, the body that
will direct the part of
the New Deal of which
the President is proud.
est and which he de
ciares is oneof the out.
standing social reforms
in the history of the
government, Mr. Wi
pant’s two associates
on the board are to be
Arthur J. Altmeyer of
: Wisconsin, who has
J. G been serving as an
n assistant secretary of
labor, and Vincent Morgan Miles of
Fort Smith, Ark, an attorney who bas
been assoclated with the Public Works
administration. Each Is to recelve an
annual salary of $10,000,
In sending bis nominations to the
senate the President stipulated that
Winant will serve six years, Altmeyer
will serve four years and Miles one
year. All appointments date from last
August 13 when the social security bill
reached the White House,
As chairman of the new national
Inbor relations board, operating under
the Wagner act, the President named
Joseph Madden, a Pittsburgh attorney.
The other members appointed are John
M. Carmody of New York and Edwin
8. Smith of Massachusetts. J. D.
Ross was nomioated as a member of
the securities and exchange commis.
glon, a job that It had been thought
would be given to Benjamin Cohen,
Winant
PPLICATIONS for money from
the four billion dollar works re
lief fund must be In by September 12,
by the President. In addition, be di
municipal--to be prepared either to
ask for bids or begin works operations
by October 22,
as the date for putting his works pro-
gram into high gear and taking all the
unemployed off the relief rolls. The
new orders, Issued to the heads of all
Ln
National Press Building
=
——
Washington.—Politics being
arable from governmental administra.
" . tion under our sys.
Build Campaign tem, it becomes
Battle Lines pertinent at this
time to examine
what has happened In the late session
of congress, In a nation where a two-
party political structure obtains, poll-
tics cannot be segregated from the ad-
ministration in the larger sense, It is
not with a eritical attitude, therefore,
that the magnifying glass is held over
the doings of President Roosevelt, his
cabinet and brain trust advisers and
the congress that has lately adjourned,
1 belleve it will be agreed that poll
tics has predominated In the manage.
ment of our national affairs during the
last eight months especially. The fervor
and appeal that was held for recovery
by all of us during the earlier days
of the Roosevelt administration seems
to have been largely dissipated. That
is not to say that no one wants to see
recovery accomplished, It is to say,
however, that this fervor and this ap-
peal has been somewhat subordinated.
Thus, it can be summarized in a brief
sentence: The administration, looking
to the elections of 1080, has been en-
gaged In bullding campaign battle lines
and forging campalgn ammunition,
The 1034 congressional elections
presented to the country an issue based
on the performances and the future
program President Roosevelt. It
was accorded a prop. sition where cith
zens were voting either to give the New
Deal a future mandate and the Presi
dent authority as
thought best or to vote a mandate that
would eall a halt on those same per-
formances and policies, The country
supported Mr. Hoosevell, some of his
advisers since have told me, In a man-
ner even more substantial than he had
anticipated. He emerged from
campaign with a larger
majority In the than he
before, In addition he was sccorded
much more than a necessary two-thirds
of the senate. The
roseate,
Though the congress that has just
ended its session gave the President
many anxious hours, | think that on
the whole It can be regarded as having
provided him with a record of rather
ardoous and faithful response to his
wishes, He did not obtain quite all
that he wanted nor did he obtain that
portion of his program exactly in the
form he desired lut, again, politics
in congress is simost a matter of gen
eral compromise anyway so that the
President ean be sald to have come
out very well. He can proceed now
of
to proceed
house
picture jooked
gross which next January
and which, In accordance with nearly
all precedents, will adlourn ahead of
the national political conventions next
June,
convenes
- TT *
Politles being the game that It is
one must look inte the future to dis
cover the ultimate
Looking to
goal. So, looking Into
the Future he future, one dis
cerns several objects
or objectives of decided, as well as Im.
portant, Interest to the individual
voters,
In the first place, the consensus sure
ly Is that Mr. Roosevelt has bulit a
legislative and administrative stroo-
ture In our government that presents
a concrete and unqualified issue to the
American people, namely, to proceed
along New Deal lines and make the
necessary changes in the Constitution
to permit execution of those policies
or to throw the whole thing over
board. There can be no equivoeation.
As the structure stands at this time
and as it will stand until the next ses
sion of congress Is under way, many
New Deal propositions are of doubtful
constitutionality. If they are so held by
the Supreme court of the United States
then Mr. Roosevelt Is belleved certain
to turn to the country and request
His latest and perhaps his most defl-
nite move in this direction was In con-
nection with the so-called Guffey coal
bill. It will be recalled that, in plae-
ing that plece of legislation on the
“must” list of measures to be acted on
| before congress adjourned, Mr. Roose
| velit advised house leaders that he
- wanted it passed and he did not care
particularly whether some members of
| congress had “reasonable doubts”
mbout its constitutionality, In effect,
therefore, the President commanded
goal,
as federal housing commissioner,
carrying out his long expressed desire
{ ed. Of that there Is no doubt. If the
' law Is held unconstitutional, It merely
. means that its provisions form another
be succeeded by Stewart McDonald.
In his letter of resignation Mr, Moffett
§
the President has remalped
silent, neither denying nor confirming
the undercurrent of information that
I have reported here, one eannot fall
to reach the conclusion that if many
of the New Deal measures are held
invalid, the President and his New
Denl supporters, of necessity, must go
to the country In the next election
seeking constitutional modification to
permit the use of policies now inimical
issue which the voters will be called
upon to decide,
- * \
Since we have
stances from the
As to the
Opposition
examined the efreum-
New Deal side, let us
likewise see what the
tepublicans and oth-
er oppositionists are
doing. Lately, I have
talked with some of the recognized
Republican wheel horses, Whether they
speak the sentiment of the masses of
Republican voters or whether they
voiced only thelr own views Is not
important here, Political straws
show which way the political winds
are 80 when these veterans
of many political battles say that they
welcome by New
Dealers of an Issue, they evidently see
in the situation worthwhile opportuni.
tiles, When they say that they are
willing to go to the country in defense
of the Constity it stands and
the resents, they
3
aent
Much
do
blowing.
the creation the
tlon as
traditions it rep
on firm ground.
evi-
ly feel they ar
water ean go over the dam
sentiment
But
lone
in
thus
way
can be changed
the Republicans
very little In the
of building up their case. While they
appear to be enthusiastic about their
chances against Mr. Roosevelt in 1036
a nucleus of an organization,
It may be their strategy not to start
thelr cannonading too early. Indeed,
I have heard the thou expressed
that It would be unwise to use ammu-
nition too far In advance.
there have been only a
direct attacks on what certainly must
be the Issue of 1806, the question of
revision or retention of our Constito-
tion. It is to be noted If this connec
tion that those Republicans who have
let go with a few shots have been of
the ultraconservative type. I think it
is generally agreed that the Republi.
can set-up next year will be managed
not by the old uitracenservatives but
by those who have pulled away to
some extent and who are to
admit that times have changed condi.
tions and a new model, perhaps not
streamlined, Is necessary,
* * - -
obit
£hl
At any rate,
scatiered few
fiir
wing
One argument advanced why Re.
publican leadership bas not been more
active is that if a
G.O.P.Bides start is made too ear-
Its Time Iv. the Roosevelt ad-
ministration will have
an opportunity to answer all of the
criticism. Bald one Republican leader:
“We would be utterly foolish to per.
mit the New Dealers to know all of
our arguments too far in advance. I.
for one, am content to let them pro-
ceed with thelr socialistic regimenta-
tion because I know that every time
a calf Is given too much rope, it chokes
itself to death™
Then there Is another factor which
I understand Is responsible for the
delay in Republican attacks A good
many Republicans have a hope, at
least, that a campaign based on a plea
for maintenance of our Constitution
and the traditions and modes of living
which it represents will draw to the
Republican candidate a certain segment
of Democrats who are unsympathetic
with the New Deal There has been
plenty of evidence in the session of
congress just adjourned that at heart
numerous Democrats lean to the con- |
servative as distinguished from the
New Deal method of government. The
closing hours of the congressional ses-
sion seemed to belie this, But anyone |
who mingled among old time Demo- |
crats In the house could not fail to |
have observed existence of a doubt as |
to the wisdom of many New Deal pol- |
feles. Those men were forced to line |
up behind the Presidential program
not because they believed in It fully |
but for two other reasons. These rea- |
nha
: A new school for beggars was dis
| eovered by the police at Brno, the
| leading town of Moravia, Complete
| courses were organized. Lessons
| were given In make-up and the fak
| Ing of deformities, Heart-touching
“patter” was taught. The school
bad 14 pupils, all boys, The twe
teachers took half of the daily “eol
lections” as tuition fees,
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