Ne
By EDWARD
W. PICKARD
SPURRED on by the White House,
the house, after a hot debate,
passed the Wagner-Connery labor dis-
putes bill by acclamation, and Presi.
dent William Green of
the American Federa-
tion of Labor halled it
as a “magna charta
of labor.” As Is well
known, the federation
Is the chief beneficiary
of the measure, and
Green and other labor
union leaders had
worked unceasingly
for its passage.
Opponents of this
bill, Including consti-
tional authorities in both parties, have
msserted repeatedly that it is uncon-
stitutional, and it is most probable
that It will be carried to the Supreme
court for an early test.
Every attempt to give the employer
&n even break with labor was voted
down, but the house did accept an
amendment making the new labor
board an independent agency instead
of a part of the Department of Labor
as Secretary Perkins had demanded,
As passed by the house, the Wagner-
Connery bill provides:
1. For the setting up of a permanent
labor relations board of three mem-
bers, appointed by the President, as an
independent agency. The board, or its
agencies or agents, {8 authorized to
supervise elections, conduct hearings,
and Issue cease and desist orders for
“unfair labor practices,” which are en-
forceable by the courts.
2. That representatives selected by
a majority of a unit of employees for
the purpose of collective bargaining
shall have the exclusive right
tiate with the employer. The board
may determine the appropriate unit for
collective bargaining, whether by plant
or craft, ete,
3. That it is an unfair labor prac-
tice for employers to restrain, coerce,
or interfere with employees in their
{ Sen. Wagner
0 nego. |
organization for collective bargaining.
4. That it Is an unfair labor prac- |
tice for employers to “dominate” or |
contribute financially to any labor or- |
ganization,
§. That it is an unfair labor prac- |
tice to encourage or discourage mem- |
bership In any labor organization for |
the purpose of making closed shop
agreements,
6 A fine of $5000 or a year In |
prison for anyone Interfering with |
agents of the board, such as refusing
to permit access to books and records.
VEN Huey Long cheered when Pres. |
ident Roosevelt's unexpected mes. |
ge on redistribution of wealth and
increase of taxation for the rich was
read to congress. The Chief Executive
offered a program that he hopes will
pay part of the vast expenses of the
New Deal and at the same time break
up some huge fortunes and check the
growth of big corporations. He doesn't
expect congress to do the entire job at
this session, and the administration
leaders at once set about stopping the |
radicals who wanted Immediate enact |
ment,
The President's taxation plan is
frankly aimed against the wealthy,
especially the men with million-dollar
incomes. Of these there were 46 In
31933.
The following legislation he recom-
mended for enactment during the pres
ent session In order to obtaln ample
revenue without hampering enterprise
and to distribute tax burdens equi
tably:
1. High inheritance and gift taxes
on “all very large amounts received by |
any one legatee or beneficiary.” Seg- |
regation of this revenue for reduction |
of the national debt.
2. Tax levies to restrict “very great
individual net Incomes.”
3. Substitution of a graduated cor
poration tax ranging from 10% to 16%
per cent for the existing 13% per cent |
rate,
For consideration at the next ses
sion of congress the President pro-
1. Elimination "of unnecessary hold-
ing companies in all lines of business”
by discriminatory taxation.
2. Discouragement of “unwieldy and
unnecessary corporate surpluses”
8. An amendment of the Constitu-
tion to abolish tax exempt securities
by authorizing the federal government
to tax subsequently issued state and
local obligations and state and local
governments to tax federal securities.
Treasury officials estimated that
promptly called that body together to
consider the proposals,
yn only six senators voting In
the negative, the senate passed
the tremendously Important social se.
Moore of New Jersey, Democrat, and
Hastings of Delaware, Hale of Maine,
Metcalf of Rhode Island, Austin of Ver.
mont and Townsend of Delaware, Re-
publicans, This soclal security meas-
ure will affect about 30,000,000 bene-
ficlarles In the Immediate future and
by 1080, it Is estimated, will cost the
federal government more than £3,000,-
000,000 a year.
These are its main features:
1. An appropriation of $08.401.000
for the fiscal year 1936, including $49.-
790,000 for grants in ald tp states for
old age assistance, In addition there
are authorized annual appropriations
for the old age reserve fund, gradnat-
ed from $255,000,000 In 1937 to $2,180,
000,000 tn 1980,
2. Income tax on employees and ex-
cise tax on employers, for old age
benefits, beginning In each case at 1
per cent of the pay roll in 1037 and
reaching the maximum of 3 per cent in
1049. In addition there Is a pay roll
tax on employers for unemployment
insurance, beginning at 1 per cent In
1836, Increasing to 2 per cent In 1037.
and to 3 per cent, the maximum, in 1038,
3. Grants In aid to states on a mateh-
Ing basis for assistance to persons six.
ty-five or older, the government's con-
tribution not to exceed $15 per month.
4. Old age benefits after January 1,
1942, ranging from $10 to $85 per
month, depending upon the total
amount of wages earned after Decem-
ber 1, 1036, and before reaching sixty-
five years of age,
5. A 90 per cent credit to employers
for taxes pald Into state unemploy-
ment insurance funds, the other 10 per
cent to be apportioned among the
un-
6. Grants In ald to states ald
to dependent children, the federal gov-
for
government 8550000 to
miles south and west of Pontiac,
agreement,
JRTY prisoners in the Kansas peni-
tacular revolt against what they sald
demands were granted. They bullt
shaft, but the smoke from these was
turned backward and the mutineers
tamely surrendered.
ODOR old NRA, now just a thing of
skin and bones, has a new set of
managers. President Roosevelt issued
an executive order extending the emaci-
y ated affair until April
in accordance
the resolution
adopted by congress,
and then announced
that James L. O'Nelll,
vice president of the
Guarantee Trust com-
8 pany of New York,
would serve as admin-
~ istrator. Assisting the
] 4 banker in the effort to
persuade the public,
G. L. Berry Joh ee men and la-
bor to abide voluntarily by the codes
no longer enforceable, and in the as-
sembling of statistics, are Leon C
Marshall, director of the division of
review; Prentiss L. Coonley, director
of the division of business co-opera-
tion, and George lL. Berry, assistant
to the administrator, representing la-
bor. Mr, Berry, who has been serving
a8 a code administrator, is president
¢f the International Pressmen’s union
and was once a candidate for nomina-
tion for Vice President eof the United
States,
O'Neill, Marshall and Coonley were
made directly responsible to the Pres
ident. An advisory council of six
members was named to help them. On
this council are Charles Edison and
Howell Cheney for industry; William
Green, president of the American Fed-
eration of Labor, and Philip Murray,
president of the United Mine
Workers, for labor, and Emily Newell
1 next,
with
vice
Halr
ernment putting up $1 to the state's
$2. An appropriation of $24.750.000 is |
authorized for the fiscal year 10388. |
7. Grants In ald to states on an!
equal matching basis for maternal and |
child health services. An annual ap
8. Grants In ald to states
on an
crippled children. An annual appro-
9. An annual appropriation of $1.
ed children,
10. An annual appropriation of £1.
states for vocational rehabilitation.
11. An annual appropriation of £8.
000,000 to be apportioned among the
states for public health services,
12. Grants In ald to states on an
13. A social security board of three
members In the Department of Labor,
to be appointed by the President, each
member receiving $10,000 a year.
REAT BRITAIN'S realistic govern.
ment finds the best path toward
general peace In Europe Is conciliation
of Germany, so It has yielded to Hit
ler's naval demands and concluded a
bilateral pact with the reich, disre
garding entirely the desires and fears
of France. The agreement acknowl
edges Germany's right to build a fleet
up to 35 per cent of the tonnage of
the British empire, and, what Is more
important, permits Germany 45 per
cent, and in certain clrcumstances,
parity with the empire In subma-
rine tonnage. Submarines were forbid.
den to Germany by the treaty of Ver
sailles,
WING Y. MITCHELL, whom Pres
ident Roosevelt ousted from the
position of assistant secretary of come
merce because he could not work In
harmony with Secre.
tary Roper, retaliated
with public charges
that “special Inter
ests” dominate the
Commerce department.
He cited especially a
government contract
with the United States
lines for the perma-
nent layup of the
§ Ga steamship Leviathan,
4 asserting that it was
E. Y. Mitchell against the public in.
terest and that “those Interested in
the company, including P. A. 8. Frank.
lin, John M. Franklin, Vincent Astor
and Kermit Roosevelt” stood to bene.
ft by it. He also severely criticized’
the bureau of air commerce and the
steamship Inspection service,
No one In the administration seemed
disturbed by Mr. Mitchell's outbreak.
senate committee on commerce
summoned him to explain and
bis charges. Mr. Mitchell
out to be an excitable gentle
n, prone to jump to conclusions and
ce his opinions rather than facts
He talked a lot about inefficiency,
“sinks of corruption,” “favoritism and
graft” and such things, but he didn't
tell the committee much that it didn't
already know. He asserted the United
States lines, a subsidiary of the Inter.
national Mercantile marine, had re
ir and Walton H. Hamilton for
FTER three bloody riots In Oma.
ha's street car strike, In which
one man was killed and pearly two
hundred were injured, Gov. R. L.
Cochran of Nebraska took charge of
the situation. State troops were
called out to preserve the public
peace and the governor, meeting with
representatives of the traction com-
pany, the central labor union and the
strikers, ordered that the dispute be
arbitrated Immediately.
Illinois National Guardsmen were
sent to Freeport where strikers at
the Stover Manufacturing plant had
fought with deputy sheriffs. Gov. Hen
ry Horner intervened and a basis was
reached for settling the strike, which
had been In force since May 7. The
men were granted a wage Increase at
least until September 1 next
President Roosevelt succeeded In
averting the threatened sirike of bi-
tuminous coal miners. Both the oper
ators aad the United Mine Workers
agreed to a truce until June 30, be-
fore which time It is hoped a new
wage scale can be formulated and
accepted.
onerated Ma). Gen, Benjamin D.
Foulols of blame for the army alr-mail
fiasco and merely directed that he be
reprimanded for mak-
ing “inexact, unfair
and misleading” state
ments to the house
military affairs com-
mittee, This didn't
suit certain members
of the committee who
insist the general
should be removed
from his command of
the army alr corps. ;
Representatives Wilk
liam H. Rogers of New Gen Foulois
Hampshire and Lister Hill of Alabama
the floor of the house and there re-
ceive more drastic punishment than a
reprimand, Representative
followed an official War department
statement clearing Foulols, whose
friends insisted he was being made a
mail blunder.
“It Is affirmatively
Dern's letter read, “that
which not only were unfair and mis
[leading to the committee Itself but
which also reflected upon the integrity
of his brother officers.”
RESIDENT CARDENAS of Mexico
appeared to have come victorious
out of a crisis that was precipitated by
Plutarco Ellas Calles, who was op
cabinet to resign and formed another
that would support him wholehearted
The Mexican City Catholles, who are
pretty queh suppressed, took advan
tage of presence in the capital of
thousands of Roturians attending thel
international convention, and held
ceived a “gift” of $1,721,000 through
the retirement of the Leviathan,
monster parade with speeches calling
tor religious liberty,
Pension Rolls Slow to
Show Much Diminution
It doesn’t take long to ralse an
army but it does take a long time to
pay them off, If the law of averages
holds out Uncle Sam will still be
paylog pensions to Civil war veter-
ans until 1055 and to thelr widows
the World war (not counting
those receiving compensation) either
continue to be pald these veterans
until about 2025 and to thelr widows
or dependents until around 2085. Ae-
cording to the records of the Vet.
erans’ administration the last Revo-
lutionary war veteran died In 1860
(the last widow In 1006): fhe last
survivor of the War of 1812, in 1005:
war, In 1020,
veterans and 108.001 of thelr widows
azine,
Long-Distance Reader
A homemade
completed by an amateur astronomer
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the time on a pocket watch at a dis
tance of two miles, says the Popular
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gelf, even to grinding the concave!
reflecting mirror. The barrel of the |
Instrument consists of a framework |
of pipe, Joined at half the length by |
union connections. When these |
unions are unscrewed, the top half |
of the barrel may be folded back,
making it possible to store the tele-
scope in a limited space Although
the Instrument weighs 500 pounds
wheels attached to the stand permit
it to be moved about with compara
tive ease,
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