News Review
ON
By EDWARD
W. PICKARD
ERMANY was thoroughly enraged
by the action of the League of Na-
tions council in adopting the tri-power
resolution condemning the reich for
violating the treaty of
Versailles by rearm-
ing, and It was expect-
ed Reichsfuerher HIit-
ler would make a de-
flant retort. As a first
step he sent from his
Bavarian retreat in-
structions to Secretary
of State Von Buelow
to protest “England's
defection at Stresa and
Geneva," This Von
Adolf Hitler Buelow did, delivering
the message to Ambassador Sir Erle
Phipps for transmission to London,
f'he German press was loud in denun-
elation of the league action and Lit.
vinov, the Soviet delegate, came in for
most of the abuse because he dellv-
resolution at the council session.
recently Germany granted to
credits amounting to $80,000,000,
land also was assailed for
the friand of the reich.
per there sald quite 3
complaint against Germany
formal matter because the
could not result In any
tion af the problem,
something like emotional relief”
Strange as it may seem,
fn Germany are warmly
Hitler in this controversy.
lowing message was sent to him:
“The League of National
Jews stands unshaken in its loyalty to
truly that
actual
ment's defense policy will
changed on account of the
proceedings.”
German resentment
not
against
feels she was
negotiations.
Britain's prestige as a mediator in con-
tinental affairs
During the council's disc
fik Arras, the Turkish member,
and stated flatly that if any changes
in the existing treaties were
deceived in the recent
is destroyed.
lation of the treaty of Lausanne, He
even hinted that the Turks might fol.
Jow Hitler's example and not wait
permission. Sir John Simon's
diate and sharp reply was:
«1 feel sure my honorable colleague
make all reservations regarding it"
the Turkish revisionism,
of the mutual assistance pact
eabinet. Litvinov was still
that the two countries should
be tiiat he will carry his point
opinion of many. observers
Teague of Nations,
HEN the administration's great
work relief program gets under
way one of the most important parts
of it, the purchase of material supplies,
will have to be started eos
at once, a1 It is ex-
pected that this will
absorb about $1,700.
000,000 of the total
sum. According to au-
thoritative sources in
Washington, this part
of the program will
be supervised by Rear
Admiral Christian J.
Peoples, now procure
ment officer In the
treasury. Peoples en-
tered the navy supply
corps in 1900 as assistant paymaster
and later developed the navy's present
purchasing system. When Franklin
D. Roosevelt was assistant secretary
of the navy he and Peoples became
close friends.
The admiral presumably will have
full charge of drafting the regulations
for material purchases but it Is un-
derstood the actual buying of supplies
for work rellef projects will in most
instances be handled by the states and
other co-operating agencies, However,
certaln commodities, like cement, that
will be needed In immense quantities,
probably will be purchased centrally.
_n
Admiral
Peoples
UST as soon as the President says
the word, the federal bureau of
public roads and the various state
highway departments are ready to
Jump into the work of grade crossing
elimination, the buliding of arterial
highways and similar projects, The
work relief act earmarks $500,000,000
for such undertakings, and the sum
may be Increased by the President to
a billion. The roads bureau already
has $100,000,000 of grade crossing elim-
fnations and other projects contracted
for under authority granted by con.
gress last year, officials revealed, and
these contracts are to be met with
work-rellef money,
Arthur W. Brandt, president of the
American Association of State High-
way Officials, advised a congressional
committee recently that states were
prepared to wipe out 4,058 dangerous
crossings If as much as $4061,881,500
was made avallable,
EVEN agencles of the government
are organizing to combat the dam-
age done by the constantly recurring
dust storms. They are the AAA, farm
credit administration, emergency relief
administration, soll erosion service,
bureau of plant Industry and bureau
of agricultural engineering.
The efforts, officials said, will in.
clude shipping feed, food and water
into the stricken areas of Texas, Okla-
homa, New Mexico, Kansas and Colo
rado, starting work relief projects on
roads, private lands and the public do-
main, planting of fast-growing and
hardy crops as ground cover In areas
where moisture conditions permit, and
“lMsting” operations. This latter work
is an attempt to prevent soll blowing
away, by making alternate ridges and
RESIDENT ROOSEVELT called
Senator Pat Harrison of Misslssippl
to the White House for a conference
concerning the veterans’ bonus bill
which already hag
passed the house, Har-
rison is chairman of
the senate finance
committee and the ad-
ministration looked to
him to devise a way
to spike the measure
which is so objection.
able to the President
in its present “green-
back™ form. Other
majority leaders in
congress also
Em immer
Pat Harrison
resuit
the
bill which It was believed
the President
passed,
would accept if It were
This measure wonld make bonus cer
tificates mature in 1038, instead of
1045. They could be converted imme
diately into 3 per
erans who wanted cash
could sell the bonds, losing
they otherwise
until 1938. Harrison said
cost £500,000 000
ent bonus
cent
h
more than
but
passed
the bonus with
new money,
Milo Warner, vice commander of the
American Legion, said this bill
acceptable™ to
law, far than
the hot
Sma
PEs
by
$2. 500.000.0000 in
15¢, 10
that or-
Heads of veterans’ organ
others were
various in.
ENATOR HUEY LONG
gether his complaisant
in Baton Rouge and ordered it to
pass some new laws that would give
him complete control of city finances,
elections and expenditures of federal
relief funds. Secretary Ickes went
right up In the alr and announced that
laws were enacted
would -get none of the public works
money; whereupon the Kingfish told
him he could go to the nether regions,
since the PWA money had already
been deposited to the account of the
New Orleans sewer and water board
“The state court very properly rec
ognizes our men as that board now, so
how Is Ickes going to get his money
back? Long asked. “When he starts
that, we'll show him what a smart
man he ain't. If Ickes and the bal
ance of the brain trust cabinet hold
their breaths until we send for them,
there'll be several corpses and the
country will be better off.”
called to
legislature
Louisiana
VER In Turkey the women, until
recently, were forced to lead lives
ef seclusion in the harem and to go
veiled when In public. But all that Is
changed. The other day the twelfth
congress of the International Alliance
of Women for Suiirige and Equal Citi-
zenship opened in Istanbul with about
thirty nations represented and Mrs,
Corbett Ashby of England in the chair,
and the women of Turkey, unvelled
and in modish European garb, were
the proud hostesses of the hundreds of
delegates. Among the questions dis.
cussed were: The situation and rights
of women; the position of women in
the liberal professions; the political
and civil rights of women ; the means
women can use to prevent war,
Under Kemal's rule the women of the
republic of Turkey have been granted
parliamentary and city votes and have
entered enthusiastically into all
branches of life, civie, professional, in-
dustrial and sporting.
WY 1EBOUR any effort to break
.¥ gpeed records, Capt. Edward A,
Musick and five companions landed the
big Pan-American Airway clipper ship
Pioneer In Hawall 18 hours and 381
minutes afrer they took off from Ala.
meda, Calif. This was the first explora.
tory flight for a service that will soon
be extended clear across the Pacific
to Canton, the proposed Intermediate
stops being Hawall, Midway Islands,
Wake islands, Guam and the Philip
pines. The operating bases are now
in process of construction,
ING BORIS of Bulgaria has folled
another attempt to force him from
his precarious throne,
of an alleged Fascist plot, he ordered
that three prominent political leaders
arrested and held In Jall, Their
friends sought to free them by storm-
ing the jall but were repulsed. Those
seized are Alexander Zanhoff, leader of
the Democratic entente; Kozma Geor-
gleff, head of the Macedonian party,
and M. Natcheff, former police presi-
dent of Sofia,
be
OHN R. McCARL, the able, efficient
and independent comptroller gen-
eral of the United States, has annoyed
the New Dealers on several occasions.
Now he threatens to
block the plans of the
AAA for lifting the re-
strictions on spring
wheat planting and at
the same time contin-
uing to pay the farm.
ers for crop reductions
that would not be
called for. Declaring
they wished to avold
shortages due to the
dust storms, the offi.
J. R. McCarl _..1s of the AAA sald
the farmers would be paid for the
abandoned reductions in acreage If
they would promise to curtall thelr
plantings next year, Mr, McCarl asked
for further information on this matter
and indicated he could not approve of
the plan, though AAA men declared he
had pot ruled definitely against It
Chester C, Davis, AAA administrator,
might not be content to ablde by such
a ruling If it were made, and the ad-
ministration might refuse to accept it
Mr. McCarl, a Republican, holds his
office under a law which specifies that
the comptroller general shall be ap
pointed to a 15-year term and can be
removed only by death or impeach-
ment, Nevertheless Attorney General
Cummings, It Is understood, gave it
as his opinion that, like any other
Presidential appointee, he could be
removed at the pleasure of the Presi.
dent. He based this opinion on a rul
ing of the Supreme court in the case
of a postmaster who was ousted by
President Coolidge, the court holding
that the President was within his
rights under Article 2 of the Consti-
tution. So it may be the New Dealers
will seek to have Mr. McCarl ousted
before his term expires in 1036,
It is interesting to read that the Ne
braska Progressive league, made up of
liberal Republicans, is planning the
clubs in that state and afterward In
all others. George W. Kline, its chair.
man, says he was asked to support
McCarl for President in 1836 by friends
of Senator W. Norris. The
ller general Is 8 graduate of
George
tary.
LLEGED teaching
of Communism
4 in i
jes and
by a
half-baked young
some of our
the adoption of that
number of
women In
debated and
triotie citizens,
small riots
there have been many
the suppression
pinks. The latest big Institution of
learning to be brought Into the lime.
light in this matter is the University
of Chicago, faculty contains
several decidedly radical instructors
and its student body many youthful
followers of Marx and Lenin. Because
of charges made by a prominent drug
store magnate the Illinois senate has
just adopted a resolution calling for a
“thorough and complete investigation™
by a senatorial committee of five to
determine whether any foundation ex-
ists for charges that “subversive Com-
munistie teachings™ are going on In
“wholly or partly tax-exempt colieges
and universities of this state”
large
men and
those institutions has jong
by pa
strikes and
and
demands for
reds and
heen denounesd
TT
Student
have been frequent,
of these
whose
Sik OSWALD MOSLEY, chief of the
British Fascists, has committed his
organization to a policy of antl-semit-
{sm fully as severe as that of the Hit
ler Nazis. At a riot
ous meeting of his
Black Shirts in Lelces-
ter, Mosley said: “For
the first time [ openly
and publicly chal
lenge Jewish interests
in this country. Com-
mandlng commerce,
commanding the press,
commanding the cin
ema, dominating the
city of London, they
are killing industry
with thelr sweat
shops. These great
pot intimidating and will not Intim-
{date the Fascist movement of the
modern age.”
Sir Oswald
Mosley
eago's 300 Jewish organizations as-
sembled to Indorse the campaign of
tion. The chief speaker was the fa-
mous Rabbl Stephen 8. Wise, national
In the course of his address he said:
“] want the day to come when no
Jew shall live In Germany-not one.
1 want the day to come—although I
shall not live to see it——when the Jew
will be a regretted memory in Ger.
many, just as thelr presence was a
blessing and an ennoblement in every
sense.”
OBERT GORDON SWITZ of New
Jersey and his wife, who had
beech In Jall In France for about 10
months on charges of espionage, were
finally tried and found gulity, but were
sot free by the court because they had
turned states evidence nnd helped in
the apprehension of their accomplices,
Twenty-two others were convicted and
given prison terms of varying length.
Dairy Herds Too Thin
By Prof. W. J. Fraser,
Farming, University of
Bervice,
1inole ~WNU
in the United States are too thin to
present feed prices. In some sections
as high as 90 per cent of the cows Are
too thin,
With feed as scarce as it is now,
dairymen should do just the opposite
of what many of them have been do-
ing. Instead of milking more cows in
an effort to bolster a scant income,
dairymen should get rid of all but thelr
better cows,
If the cows that are naturally poor
producers were sent to the butcher and
the feed thus saved given to the under.
fed good cows, they would produce 80
much better that the herd profits fre-
quently would be doubled and trebled.
Yet many farmers continue to feed
thelr good and thelr poor COWS alike,
even with feed scarce and high-priced.
The fact is that the fewer the num-
ber of cows required to produce a given
amount of milk, the lower the cost of
maintenance for the whole herd and
the more profit for the dalryman.
One of the large costs of keeping
dairy for the maintenance,
which all simply to keep cows
alive. Jt takes just as much feed to
maintain =a that produces only
2000 pounds of milk in a year as it
does to maintain 8 Cow the same
welght that produces 8,000 pounds.
Whatever ration is fed, the mainte.
must first be taken
care of before milk can be pro-
duced. F under average
farm conditions a cow must produce at
the i of 4000 pounds of
milk containing 4 per cent fat, or 160
pounds of fat, to pay for all overhead
expenses before there is any milk or
left for profit. This means that only
cows is
goes
cow
of
nance of the cow
any
urthermore
annt rate
fat
inl
the better producers that are properly
fed ean pay a good return to the herd
Owner,
Urges Generous Use of
Lime for Alfalfa, Clover
The time has come when much larger
pee of lime for clover and alfalfa can
no longer be put off, according to Prof.
A. F. Gustafson at Cornell. To do so, he
sal in failure or low
yi
1
elds of these high-protein hay crops
id result
nd alfalfa are important aids in
crops
dairy
» yields of other feed
spomiical
ancients knew something
be ts of i on
not A New prac
The a
state need lime
ime for good growth of red and
and for such crops as
clover, ca and
certain
tice in
large
at the pres
me
crops, and it 18
New York
art of the
state iis of a
clover,
3ifa, sweet
auliflower,
In 1921 New York farmers used 134.
6) tons of soll | By
1030 this had clir fons,
but since then the annual lime tonnage
has declined rapidly to 05,000 tons,
partly estimated, In 1534. Economie
conditions explain this severe drop in
the use of lime.
materials
101 (xy
Minerals for Hogs
Tests have shown that when pigs are
fattened on forage, where corn alone is
used as the grain supplement, each
pound of suitable minerals used in
proper proportion, exclusive of salt,
will save approximately six pounds of
grain. Under no circumstances does
this mean minerals can be substituted
for grain, It does mean, however, that
live stock need suitable minerals, In ad-
dition to free access to salt, even when
they are on good forage or pasture.
For most conditions, a good practical
mineral mixture, and one easy to ree
member ts 100 pounds of steamed bone-
meal, 100 pounds of ground limestone,
50 pounds of salt, or, if needed, ap-
proved jodized stock salt. Mix three
pounds of this with every 100 pounds
of grain used. Excessive use of min-
erals has no advantage and might
prove harmful—Rural New Yorker,
Deep Furrows
Nearly 100,000 people have settled on
farms in Canada in the last three years.
. =
The average farm In Idaho has 21
. "0
Bad crops in Egypt forced the gov-
.
A total of 580000 acres of winter
. 0
Well olled leather will not crack.
.
New York state has nearly four and
one-half million acres in farm wood-
lands. “ee
Creston, In southern British Colum
pounds and when slaughtered gave 00
. 0»
Soy beans are the only forage seed
than last. Production for 1034 was ap-
proximately 004,000,000 pounds which
may be compared with 653,000,000
pounds for the previous year.
Blowing Up Skins Which
Prepared by the National Geagraphie Society,
Washington, DD, C~WHNU Service
TREAMLINE
airliners recently have been In
the spotlight in America; Italy
is stil] applauding an airminded
son who sped through the alr more
than 400 miles an hour a short time
ago; and Great Britain is just quieting
down after celebrating the victory of
her flyers who won the London-Mel-
bourne air race. In Germany stream-
line trains are linking additional cities
as quickly as the new type transpor-
tation equipment can be manufactured.
trains and glant
Modern transportation, this, But one
ean still find types of transportation
facilities, even in the world's largest
cities their rural neighborhoods,
that were in use decades and even
centuries
and
ago,
There Is not
United
hall a tax], Wd In many
rier a plane; the
whose POmMpPons
a sizable in the
States In
{own
ane
of
which
them
top hatted
figure held
slevards in the
china yet
sway
gay
shelved,
era have
over ir * on bot
nineties,
been
These “taximen”™ of
entirely
alously watched as new
traffic lights have been installed, traffic
lanes have been painted to keep mod.
ern motorists from crushing bumpers
widened d trees sacrificed to no
ie
room for more of their rivals; yet they
y
nstitute something of a trafic
Ox.Drawn Vehicles,
in sight of concrete,
ways, and less than
Washington
lis, Md,
still lumber alo
ed mol
footed reo 1 pack ies
finue to 5
any rugg
Millions of
lantic City
»% from
: while in the
COn-
by automobil
train, yet to see the “sights” along the
Boardwalk, they hire three-wheeled
naire Others arrive at
ue aboard palatial
take to bi
riages to i
but
rawn car
steamships
YOR and horse 4
wr the island.
On the corners of modern. wide
y
«w of Shang Hongkong
China, the 4
and weaves perilously throu
a maze of motor and
In the alley-like
native towns
and Ca
a riksha
traveler hal
oh
gS
vr 1 & 1 ou Fn
pedestrian traflic.
the
nrefler
streets of
he may
back
however,
a sedan chair to avoid
and and stumbling
dren to whom these mere byways are
playgrounds,
women ove
What traveler leaves Durban, N .
without employing a Zulu rikshaman?
The dark hued tribesman in gay-f he
ered headdress and scant clothing, is
one of colorful
South African city. In
wan province, wheelharrows,
which are the transports,
worn ruts in flagstone pavements; In
Sumatra, if he must
travel In a
thatched top
the features of the
remote Xzech-
China,
local
one goes native,
buffalo-drawn
is shaped like ma sway
end. In Palermo, Sicily, the purely
Sletlian way to get about is by native
cart, a two-wheeled vehicle on whose
gide panels are gayly depicted Bible
scenes and Sicilian panoramas; and in
Ireland, the Irish Jaunting car on
which passengers sit back to back and
face outward lends atmosphere (oc a
tour of the Emerald Isle,
Llamas still carry loads in the Andes,
and elephants still are favored among
the tiger hunters of India. In spite
of progress in Belgium, the morning
milk is still delivered by dogeart at
many a doorstep, and dog sleds are yet
the most dependable transportation in
the icy wastes of the Arctic and Ant-
arctic. The tired explorer enjoys com-
fortable travel in a hammocklike chair
borne by native porters in central
Africa: the mountaineers of northern
India and western China employ the
yak as their beast of burden; the
camel still plods the caravan routes
of north Africa, Arabla and central
Asia; and the carabao (water buffalo)
“Floating Population”
Land transportation is of no Interest
dren are born, grow up, marry, carry
on thelr lives, and work aboard the
sampans of China's floating cities.
Most of the great river cities of
southern and central China bave such
a “floating population” but the boat
dwellers of Shanghai and Canton form
jarge communities In themselves. A
traveler of sufficient energy could la-
from the deck of one sampan to an.
other,
Like the Dutch canal boat dwellers,
these river folk are a race unto them
selves, apart from the common run of
thelr fellow men. In many cases thelr
mode of life bas been handed down
from father to son for generations
When China's teeming acres became
Buoy a Yellow River Raft
overcrowded and
growing commerce
transportation in volume,
many combined
business with economy and took to liv-
ing aboard their tiny craft.
expensive,
demanded
even
and =
river
larger
ingenious Chinese
Although business mizht call far and
wide along numerous rivers and
canals it was the large commercial
centers at the mouths of mighty
streams that offered the most lively
carrying trade, Hence these cities
early became headquarters for the wa-
ter dwellers,
the
The riverman often made long voy-
ages up country, but he always came
home Hence the dirty, evil-
ng stretches of river and back-
to roost.
ng such centers as Can-
i, and around
the
gsampan
even
igapore, became
army of
these com
from wharf
to
ed
Barnyard Afloat.
SIDDENS wily OT
¥y on a
of life
water
craft is
white
on
Tr
»
¢
from
colony itself,
filled to overflowing
ducks which fatten in
time
i flats or ha . ids,
ck
pro-
and
to their floatls
ceed, one
pushis
I g sing
t arises not to
proces-
1 of the
traffic
the gr !
flee in
storm,
his own
droves before I yr hing
place in the quiet reaches of sheltered
no confu-
unerringly into
puzzle,
d arrives each craft
not a sampan left
over, or a vacant square of water big
is no mistake,
falls
| Yigantic
When the high win
i1%
wilh
ace,
one.
needs of
jife aboard proceeds
as usual, albeit
cramped quarters,
and are
washed side by side In the stream and
In spite of
routine
more
vegetables, bables
Growing children
of the boat and
brazieriike stove,
help with the handling
garments smoke long-
At night all draw to-
gether and neighborly chatter from
boat to boat sounds like that of a
newly arrived flock of blackbirds. The
river folk are poor but extremely
cheerful, especially over the evening
meal.
ton ragged
stemmed pipes.
Lights from great modern liners
shine across the harbor and musie
from an occasional gaily decked pleas
ure barge floats from the midstream
channel. In few other places lurks
so strongly the spell of the East
Raft Transports
On the shallow, shifting Hwang Hoe,
or Yellow river of China rafts are the
principal means of transport, especial
ly for freight cargoes. There are two
types of raft: one using as buoys
inflated sheepskins, and the other,
large ox-hides which are stuffed with
wool and then tied up to keep them
water-tight. The sheepskin rafts vary
in size, according to the use for which
they are. intended, ranging from as few
as 12 to 15 skins on the small one-man
rafts. For the large rafts some 120
ox-hides are used,
The ox-hides are carefully treated
on the Inside with salt and oil. This
treatment not only preserves and wa-
terproofs them but also keeps them
flexible. There is no extraordinary
technique required in the construction
of a raft. Poles are lashed together,
forming a framework to which the
hides or sheepsking are fastened.
Moslem Chinese who form a consid
erable percentage of the population
of Kansu province, are the rafts men
on the Yellow river. A sturdy people,
they stand well the hardships of river
fife. It is far from an easy life with
all the contrasts of heat and cold and
the strenuous labor Involved in han
dling the clumsy transports through the
rapids; or freeing them, once they
have stranded on a sand bar. ‘The
men, however, are happy and friendly,