By EDWARD W. PICKARD OREIGN SECRETARY SIMON re turned to England from his his- toric talks with Chancellor Hitler, and reported to the cabinet that Germany is seeking return of the colonies she lost in the war and a greatly increased navy. He sald that Hitler ad- mits Germany's air force equals that of iritain, Prime Minis- ter MacDonald then called on King George to whom he gave a preliminary report of Simon's talks, which have been described as “disappointing” Hitler made a bold play for Anglo-Ger- man understanding, declaring both na- tions should unite to defend western civilization against Communism and the colored races. Briefly, his demands were: First—Germany must have an army with a minimum of 36 divisions—3X, 000 men—as decreed. Second—Germany wants parity In the alr with Britain. Hitler admitted that Germany now possesses equality with Britain, Hitler stressed the danger to which Germany is exposed in the alr. He declared that Russia 1s using Czechoslovakia as a European air base, He demanded return of certain Czecho- slovak territory and repatriation of 3,500,000 German residents there, Chancellor Hitler tantamount to 400.000 tons. The Brit- ish admiraity is opposed to such a ra- tio and Germany has been invited tn bilateral naval discussions in London. Fourth—Germany wants return her former colonies, Little encourage- ment was given Hitler on this score. Fifth—Hitler refused to have any- thing to do with an eastern pact. though he Is willing to enter nonag- gression pacts with Germany's neigh bors, as he did with Poland. Sixth—Hitler is prepared to sign a pact of noninterference In the affairs of Austria, but only if Interference by all powers. In Berlin demonstrators howled thelr of by Lithuania on four Nazis, and only from the Lithuanian delegation itself. uanlan military court trying 126 Nazis for an asserted plot to start an armed uprising in Memel, former German ter- ritory, found them guilty. en others were sent to prison. As Capt. Anthony Eden, British arms expert, begins his Soviet officials, observers the Russians will marshal every resource to convince Eden that the only safe course for the rest of the world is to bring sufficient pressure on Germany to believe ity pact conflict growing out attack would spread all over Europe and Asia. This is but a confirmation of Litvinofl’s contention that “peace is indivisible.” League of Nations cir cles predict that France, Russia and Czechoslovakia will conclude an east. ern pact as an answer to Hitler's new conscript army. Whether any effort will be made to bring Great Britain in- to this, Is not known. ONSIDERABLY mutilated, the ad- ministration’s $4.880,000000 work relief bill finally got through the senate by a vote of 68 to 16, and was returned to the house later, to be adjusted in conference. The senators accepted an amendment by Senator Thomas of Okla- homa for a cutrency expansion of $375. 000,000 through the issuance of silver certificates at the $1.29 an ounce mone tary value of the treasury's silver stocks instead of the present practice of using the purchase value of the sil- ver, Later the Thomas amendment was stricken out after congressional con ferees had deadlocked for forty-eight hours. Members of the silver bloe as serted they would not stand In the measure’s path, although Thomas had declared he would filibuster against any attempts to strike out the amend. ment, Besides eliminating the silver inflation plan, the conference modified the Russell labor compromise amend- ment to provide that the President shall predetermine the rate of wages on public buildings to be constructed, and this rate will be submitted to con- tractors for bids. An amendment pro- viding that all officers and employees recelving more than $5,000 a year will have to be appointed by the President and confirmed by the senate was modi. fied. It now provides that any new administrator or member of any cen- tral board will be appointed by the President with the consent of the sen- ate, Among the senate changes approved were the allocation of the fund to eight general types of projects; con- tinuation of the federal relief admin. istration one year; extension of the Civilian Conservation corps two years from March 31; continuation of PWA two years from June 16; the George amendment to make funds available in the discretion of the President to ad- minister the agricultural adjustment act; the Russell amendment to author. Ize farm loans to share croppers, ten- ant farmers and farm laborers for land purchase, One day Harry L. Hopkins was re- ported lazing in the Florida sun and thinking up ways he would spend bil lions as administrator of the work re- lief fund. The next day, rumors were that Rexford G. Tugwell was to be nom- inated for the “biggest spender in his tory." Later reports from the na- tional capital were that nobody but the President would be the blg boss in the program. You ean take your cholce, but It seems likely that the latter Is true. Senatorial discontent over the methods used by the two others mentioned will probably elim- inate them from consideration. This strategy has been successful In the past. When a house group became too highly incensed at Public Works Ad ministrator Harold Ickes, they were quleted with assurance that the Pres! dent would have complete control of the work rellef program, and the furore dled out. Mr. Roosevelt will be the nominal head of the program, but he would not be expected to handle every detail. He must delegate author- ity, and It Is highly probable that everyone will not be entirely satisfied APAN steps out of the League of Nationg and flanked by her single avowed ally, Manchukuo, she faces the peace in the Orient Japan's action is the culmination of a series of events started Feb- ruary 24. 1933, when Yosuke Matsuoka led the entire Japanese delegation in a walk. wit from the league assembly, Shortly aft. er, Japan gave formal notice of her with. drawal from the Koki Hirota 1..-ue because the as in Manchuria. She has advised other powers that she considers her- and that outside assistance is neither In addition, Japan has embarked on an armament policy with Great Britain and United States, and armed forces the tack.” With Soviet government transferred Ja- pan full the Chinese Eastern rallway and thus ceased to be opposing factor in the Japanese occupation of Manchuria. In the offi cial of Forelgn Minister Koki Hirota in Tokyo the sale agree. ment and general protocol were signed and the bargain was clinched by the payment by Japan of 23333000 yen to the Soviet ambassador. The yen is currently quoted at about 278 cents Japan's vigorous reply to British pro- tests over the alleged Manchnkuoan oll monopoly reflects development of the “Asia for Asiatics” plan an- nounced some time ago. Japan denied that treaty provisions have been vio- lated by the so-called monopoly. With the deal for the Soviet Russia interest in the Chinese Eastern railroad com- pleted and Japan's withdrawal from the League of Nations, Japanese pene. tration of Asia is expected to go for. ward under the strong leadership of Koki Hirota, foreign minister. Devel. opments during the next few months will be highly important. The tense European situation will keep the west. ern powers busy chasing peace and se. curity In both the east and the west Japan Insists she will act alone, and rumors of a military alllance with Germany were scouted. The Japanese army, the note intimated; is ready to repel Soviet interference at any time. considerable ceremony fo ownersh ip of residence EPLACEMENT of the AAA's sys tem of crop control Is seen as a future potentiality of a new organiza. tion established at the Department of Agriculture under Rex. ford G. Tugwell. The organization consoll- dates federal agencies dealing with soil ero sion, and Tugwell is expected to direct the expenditure of about a billion dollars In pub lie works funds on the publie land program. : At present plans esl) FE, for retirement of mil. lions of acres of mar. MG. Tugwell ginal lands now contributing to sur pluses, which experts contend will prove a more effective way of dealing with overproduction than AAA's policy of taxing commodities for acreage slashes. The Iatter Is meeting in creased opposition, due to rising living costs and increasing competition from foreign producers. There will prob ably be little immediate change in crop control plans, since the Tugwell pro- gram will require considerable time be fore it can be operated effectively, time history. only $2,827,000,000, or a little more than half of what was spent. New Deal been at an average of $13,000 for every minute, day or night, in the nine months since the fiscal year began, and total expenditures are expected to reach nearly $7,500,000,000 by the end of the year. Unemployment relief has required the $820,000,000 appropriated for this purpose and an additional $488,000,000 from the RFC, making a total thus far of £1,308,000,000. PWA I8 next in line with having poured out $819,000,000 in nine months. Despite these terrific totals government credit has not been impaired. The treasury has been able to refund all bonds with approaching maturities, and when the fourth liberty loan is called for re- demption, a move which Is expected to be made orn April 15, no federal bond will be outstanding with a call date earlier than 1040, ERBERT HOOVER suddenly pro}- ected himself Into the political pleture, and set wagging the tongues of countless politiclans and observers, In a letter addressed to the California Re publican assembly, meeting In Sacramen- to, the former Presi. dent spoke his mind with utmost freedom concerning the doings of the Roosevelt ad- ministration whose theories, he asserted, “are no longer a propa- gandized millennium; they are self-exposed.™ The Republican party, sald Mr. Hoover, has today the great- est responsibility that has come to it since the days of Abraham Lincoln—to raise the standard In defense of funda- mental American principles; and he called for a rejuvenated and vigorous Republican organization. Here are some of the things Mr. Hoo- ver said in arralgoing the present ade ministration: “The most solemn government obll- gations have been repudiated “The nation Is faced with the great est debt ever known to our country. “The currency has been rendered un- certain. “The government has been centrale ized under am enormous bureaucracy in Washington emall business men have been disabled and crushed. Class conflicts have been crested and embittered, “More people are dependent upon the government for rellef than ever before. “Recovery is still delayed” Leaders of the regular Republicans in Washington were quick to declare their epproval of Mr, Hoover's attack on the New Deal. Most of them scouted the idea that he was tentatively look- ing toward another nomination, but the general lmpression was that he was in the way of becoming the leader of his party in fact as well as in name. Hoover HE senate finally got around to passing the “pink slip” bill repealing publicity provisions of the 1904 Income tax publicity act. An amendment al- lowing state and local taxing authori-e ties to examine federal tax returns must be ironed out in conference be. tween the house and senate, but both are agreed that the main publicity clause should be repealed. The slips filled out by millions with their March 15 returns must now be secreted im the files of the Internal Revenue de- partment. N USSOLINT'S answer to the latest L note on the Abyssinian situation postpones approval of the proposal that differences be decided by an Inter. national commission : on conciliations “at least until the futility of direct negotiations has been proved” Il Duce made a counter proposal suggesting that the Italian minis ter to Abyssinia and the Ethiopian foreign minister get together for a series of per sonal conferences, go over all the data, and Premier attempt to settle the Mussolini dispute without the necessity of cone ciliation. under the direction of the league of Nations. Direct negotia- tions are sald to have the approval of both the French and British, AY of railroad union men has been restored to the 1031 level, with a return of the last 5 per cent of a 10 per cent cut In 1082. The Increase amounts to approximately $80,000,000, The restoration is in line with an agreement reached a year ago when the unions negotiated for a gradual restoration of the old wage scale. OUSE leaders are rushing action on the national gram. Bills designed ro strengthen the national defense are being rushed const, Hawail and Canal increase of 1,000 In the navy's officer strength and provide a system of ay tion cadets take care of a of naval fliers, Secretary Swanson ordered concentration of the three most powerful erulsers in a cruiser division commanded by Admiral A. P. Fairfield, now assistant chief of the bureau of navigation, AS Sy SEEN-<HEARD around the National Capital SSSR By CARTER FIELD Saas Washington.~—This is the season for editorial comments and business men's explosions to the broad general effect that the senate should stop talking and act—that it is outrageous that the sen- ate should work under such archale rules, permitting almost unlimited fil- ibustering—and that congress should attend to its knitting, pack its various bags, and go home, . There 1s nothing new about this com- plaint. It is almost ax old as the sen- ate Itself. The criticisms, every year, are generally preceded by equally vio- lent blasts about the house of repre sentatives rushing through legislation without proper consideration. These come early in each session of congress Criticisms of the senate for talking too much come later, Certainly it is very irritating to a man In any particular line of business to be uncertain as to the future of the rules of the game under which he must operate—whether it be a code under NRA as at present, or a tariff schedule on his product, as often happens, or a tax, as happens once every few years. He Is apt to grow very impatient in- deed when he reads In his newspaper every day that this important—to him ~gubject is being held up In the senate because a group of senators insist on talking—either about that very ques tion or perhaps something entirely ir relevant, If the aforesaid business man has watched the wheels go round for any length of time, moreover, he knows per- fectly well that speeches change very few votes. That the senate is never stampeded by a sliver-tongued orator, So he may reach the conclusion that the whole performance is a silly waste time. Now most of this criticism is sc curate. What is overlooked In the criticism, however, is that a debate on Any measure serves to center the at tention of the country on that meas. ure, That it forces into the consclous ness of the senators who will vote on it the views—not of their colleagues but of their constituents back who will be affected by that legislation, of home Filibusters Fail opposing a cloture rule beaten tegardless of the mer had never in good measure, its of this, It opinion of nearly every man who has watched the senate over a long period of years, that few filibusters, if any, have ever succeeded that ran counter to popular sentiment as demonstrated later, history For example, it is generally accepted that at the time Woodrow Wilson sent the Versailles treaty to the senate for ratification, the country as a whole was behind treaty and behind the League of Nations. Had it been pos gible to force an Immediate vote, the United States would have approved the treaty, and would have been in the League of Nations and the World court immediately, As a matter of fact, when that fight started, there were only two senators Borah and Reed of Missouri—who real iy wanted to kill the treaty. Before the vole was taken there were nearly twenty killers, and only a few who 41d not want reservations of one kind or another. Without that long-dragged- out fight, the later Judgment of the people of this country would not have been served. This may seem far-fetched at the present moment. But doe to the long dragging out of the work relief bill, which has so distressed some commen. tators, much has been done behind the scenes on other legislation. The util ity holding company bill, for example; the old age pensions and unemploy- ment insurance measures: and NRA continuance, which still requires, not voting, but time for crystallization of opinions as to the best thing to do. Had the senate been operating un- der rules similar to those in the house, it 1s quite possible that the whole pro- gram would have been passed by now, in ita various original forms Even New Dealers now admit this would be little short of a tragedy. Work Relief Troubles President Roosevelt's work relief trohles have only begun. The nearly five-billion-dollar bill was steered safe ly through the rapids and shoals of congress. Amendments, which would have, hamstrung it—boosting it beyond his ideas of what was possible or re ducing it below what he thought would the Now the question is—how to make it The difficulties are innumerable. For Total amount :™This Is not consid- ered sufficient by any expert who has studied the problem. It is no secret that the President himself does not could virtually disregard It stance, the discretion given 835% wodify any item, up or down, by * Just the total of that item. But the | earmarking was made, and the Presi | dent has no desire to provoke further | troubles with congress later on by dis- regarding such expressed wishes too | flagrantly. The same might be id | to apply to all the private rl made to Individual senators as to what | would be done In their states, As, for example, the agreements calmly an- nounced by the two Vermopt senators Slow to Borrow Hesitation of states, counties and cities to borrow: A considerable part of the money. under the general plans a8 announced before the introduction of the blll by the White House, was to be loaned to states, counties, cities, “authorities,” ete. The idea is that these governmental units would bor- row money for specifically approved projects, and would sometime not only pay interest but repay the principal All the information available here is to the effect that many of these local governmental units are heavily loaded down with debt burden, and would pre fer the federal government to take their troubles off thelr houlders. Hence there is reported a loathness to borrow which may handicap the work- ing of the whole plan, or at least to make the eventual debt burden of the federal government much greater than the President had estimated. Diseriminations: ‘This is one of the worst problems of all, the point being that states, counties, cities and author. ities In many instances have already borrowed enormous sums from PWA, and are not only paying interest, but expect to repay the principal. How are they going to feel if—as many suspect -the federal government is forced vir tually to make donations to other states, cities, counties and authorities for the same sort of work? In the one instance the federal government will be loaning money, getting a fair rate of Interest, and expecting to get the principal back. In the other the fed- eral government, for precisely the an game type of project, wi out- right gift, il be making Plenty of political trouble is In sight on this! Then there is what might be called the time lng. For the truth is and has been for some that no program for the spending of the four £1 11 bil doll time definite 11 lion odd ars has been worked This is not mere supposition. It n by the ators and been out. talks with sens the virtual in of President members house: it has stated by administration iy every official of the testifying before It is only par- going he con. commitiees true 3 here Is to tially under WAY. Finally. there are the difficu volved in the proposed fee system, awarding jobs without competitive bid- ding. Imagination guns riot on that! Japanese Cotton importations of with resulta Japa. t clos has de Tremendous nese cotton cloth, ing down of New England 1 caused a mand on the part of New England sen ators and members the house action to stop it. Among the steps de manded are immediate boosting of the tariff duties, cutting off the Japanese imports on the charge of domping, and stopping of all processing taxes on cot. ton products so that American manun- facturers and workers will not be penalized. Figures submitted to Robert Lincoln O'Brien, chairman of the tariff com- mission, by Senator David IL. Walsh show a startling advance in cotton cloth imports from Japan. The Mas sachusetis senator points out that In 1933 a total of 1.700000 square yards was imported: in 1034, 7.700.000, but that In January of this year alone Im- portations monnted to 7.000000 yards in February, to 12000000 yards and that on the first day of March alone the imports were 5000000 sards Which makes a total of 24000000 yards brought In from Japan in the first 60 days of this year! “1 am sure” sald Senator Walsh In calling the attention of Chairman O'Brien to these facts, “you will agree with me that these figures are startling and” that these imports have greatly added to the distressing situation al. ready existing In the cotton cloth In dustry. Let me add that this indus. try Is In a very desperate condition. I refer to the industry located both in the North and in the South. A leading southern manufacturer, who is a member of the textile code author. | ity and a member of the industrial | advisory board of the NRA, approving | code Number One (cotton textile code), | has recently stated: "All the best mills, no matter where located, are losing | money. Many mills have closed, and others are reducing the pay of employ. | ees, In an effort to survive, Possibly | a hundred or more have closed during | the past two or three months, and more will close shortly.’ “The Rhode Island Telegram, of Providence, R. 1, recently stated there were 22 mills closed in that immediate section. A textile mill in another state, sudden and peremptory of for | i the year for children, Easter holds a similar for the sdult members of the race. The world prepares to with hymns, pealms and wherever the light of Christianity has penetrated, It is a festical of tiquity than Christmas, and F CHRISTMAS Is the greatest day in position « welcome it spiritual songs, 1. un ne time dawn of a new year The st of far greater marked the vernal equinox occurs about the 21 March, fntroduces The records history that Easter was always a religious tival, though far Christianit) Rome and the ple of Vesta when the inter pnd =: ny ritior winter ends, and spring coming summer, oldest of more ancien Bonfires were sacred fire | WHR renewed of March each year, prevalled is These customs linge of the British Isles into century. In Scotland the Need Fires, which were produced by the friction of two pieces of wood, which created the flar A Teligious ceren panied 4 el ineteenth were called 7 ihis was quite , And was accom- ring Ng were | vival cross buns, The 1 i nuseic of | more advanced characte a Palestrina Was Commissioned to Write Suitable Music, tion in churcl posers of profane 1 a theme in the n crnamentation acter. The system from the church, and co i sioned Palestrina to write suitable mu- gic for service. He did this, and has since often referred to as the saviour of church music. It was the story of the Resurrection of Christ that inspired Schultz to write the first oratorio on that subject. He wrote “The Passion,” according to the four Evangelists, and “The Seven Last Words,” and history accords to him the title of “The Father of Oratorio” What would Handel have done with. out Easter? “The Messiah” stands out as his greatest effort, and there is no composition, even today, which has as great an influence on the people as this oratorio. The Resurrection of Christ has in- spired more lofty thoughts and aspi- rations in poets, painters and compos- ers than any other subject, and has produced greater works. After the long, cold winter days we are waiting HBR unsu council swept the been “Christ the Lord is risen today, "Alleluia ”™ EASTER GREETINGS
Significant historical Pennsylvania newspapers