+
RESIDENT ROOSEVELT, back
from his brief trip to New Haven,
New London and his home In Hyde
Park, put in a busy week clearing up
his desk for his de-
parture on the long
planned eruise through
the Panama canal to
the West coast and
Hawall, All those
who have had occa-
sion during the last
generation to call at
the White House are
glad to learn that Ru-
dolph Forster was
selected by the Presl-
dent to make the voy-
age with him. Since
the days of McKinley this able and
courteous gentleman, now executive
clerk in charge of the White House
executive offices, has been on duty and
never before has he accompanied any
President on a trip. Now Mr, Forster
is going to have a real vacation, and
Secretaries Howe, McIntyre and Earle
will remain behind to take care of the
White House. There will be no other
civil officials aboard the cruiser Hous-
ton.
On the way down to the canal Mr,
Roosevelt will visit Puerto Rico and
the Virgin Islands. From Panama
City he will go to the Hawalian Islands,
first making a brief stop in Colombia.
Returning to the Pacifi¢ coast early In
August Mr. Roosevelt will travel over.
land by rail, and there is a possi
bility he will make some speeches,
probably In Minneapolis and Green
Bay, Wis, where the tercentenary of
the Badger state will be celebrated,
Rudolph
Forster
MMEDIATE relief for the drouth
stricken areas in the Middle West
was decreed by the President in an
executive order which allocated $56.-
250,00 for direct aid, The remaln-
der of the first distribution of federal
relief for the drouth area included
£43,750,000 for purchase of seed, food
and live stock: $25,000,000 for seed
and feed loans, $12500,000 for pur-
chase of lanas in the drouth regions,
and $12.500000 for establishment of
civilian conservation camps In the
stricken region.
INAL settlement of the questions
in dispute between the steel mas-
ters and their workers is expected and
the threatened strike probably will be
averted, The President, Invoking
new emergency powers, named a
three-man board to arbitrate the In-
dustry's troubles, dnd both sides In-
dicated they accept its decl
gions. The members of the board are
Admiral Henry A. Wiley, James Mul
lenbach of Chicago and Judge Walter
Stacy of the North Carolina Supreme
court. The two latter have had long
experience as labor mediators. Under
the emergency law this group can or
der and police elections In all steel
plants to determine which union shall
represent the men in collective bargain.
ing. The board can also hand down
decisions on all complaints brought by
either workers or employers,
President Roosevelt ordered the
board to report to him from time to
time through Secretary of Labor
Frances Perkins,
his
would
T MAY be necessary to resort to the
emergency labor legislation to put
an end to the street car strike in Mil
waukee. A minority of the company’s
employees went out and by violence
forced the suspension of service. The
mobs fought the police and attacked
the company’s electric plant and its
Cars,
The American Federation of Labor
unions are trying to compel the com-
pany to recognize their representatives
in dealing with employees Instead of
the company union with which. it has
bad a labor contract for 16 years
Rev. Francis J. Haas, formerly of
Milwaukee and now chief conciliator
for the national labor board, was sent
to the Wisconsin city with full author-
ity to act. Mayor Hoan, a Socialist,
held the company responsible for the
strike and ensuing riots,
EDERAL JUDGE J. P. BARNES
of Chicago gave one phase of the
New Deal & rap by granting an in
junction restraining the government
from enforcing the provisions of the
AAA milk licensing agreement against
the independent milk dealers In the
Chicago area, In effect, the judge
ruled that the government, through the
AAA, has usurped powers which un
der the Constitution it had no author.
ity to assume.
The AAA officials In Washington de
clared they would seek to have Judge
Barnes’ ruling set aside. Jerome
Frank, general counsel for the AAA,
admitted that if the decision were up-
held by higher courts, the fifty mar
keting agreements now in force under
the farm act and hundreds of the
codes under the NRA would be with.
out constitutional sanction.
ARRIMAN hosiery mills, the con.
cern that was deprived of iis
to close down, and its 653 workers are
out of jobs. The little city of Harri
“man, in Tennessee, depended largely
on the mills and the company had the
support of practically all the people
there In Its dispute with the NRA.
The officials of the company sent to
Administrator Johnson—and to Presi-
dent Roosevelt—a vigorous protest,
asserting the concern had been un-
justly and unfairly deprived of {ts
property rights In the Blue Eagle.
“We would like to know,” sald the
letter, “if the Blue Eagle Is the prop-
erty of the law-abiding citizens of the
United States or If it Is a plaything
to be held over the heads of honor-
able and decent employers as a cudgel
to browbeat and bulldoze them Into
surrendering their constitutional rights
for the benefit of outside agitators
whose only purpose Is to exploit labor
for their own personal gain”
General Johnson's reply was in ef-
fect that the company could stay
closed forever If it wished to, but it
must comply with the NRA regula-
tions to get back its Blue Eagle.
The dispute started last October,
when about 300 employees went on
strike with the claim that the com-
pany would not reinstate twenty-three
workers who had joined the United
Workers' Textile union.
Fred Held, vice president of the
American Federation of Hoslery
Workers, went to Harriman after the
mills closed, but was taken from the
train by a band of armed men, taken
some distance In an automobile and
released on promise not to return.
POSTMASTER GENERAL FARLEY
and Secretary of the Treasury Mor.
genthau came forward with an an-
nouncement of their plans for the
spending of $110,000000 in the con-
struction of new post offices and fed
eral buildings.
In all, 626 communities in every
state and four territories have been
selected for new federal buildings,
according to the announcement. Half
of the program—302 bulldings—will be
undertaken with $65,000,000 authorized
for that purpose in the recently en-
acted deficiency-emergency appropria-
tion bill. It was explained that 324
buildings will be constructed with
“funds already avaliable from other
sources.”
INCLE SAM is determined to get
John Dillinger, the country's most
notorious desperade, A few days ago
Attorney General Cummings offered a
pg i reward of $10,000 for
é the capture of the
murderer and bank
robber, and half as
much for Information
leading to his arrest
At the same time the
attorney general of-
fered S500 for the
capture of‘ Lester M.
Gillis, alias “Baby
Face” Nelson, Dill-
ingers right-hand
man. Information
leading to Gillis’ capture will be re
warded with $2500,
This action was followed up by con-
sideration of plans for co-ordinating
federal, state, and local efforts to
catch Dillinger. It was understood
that plans using the army and Nation
al Guard in the offensive were under
discussion,
The federal charge against Dillinger
is transporting a stolen automobile
across the state line. Nelson is want:
ed In connection with the murder of
W. Carter Baum, Department of Jus
tice agent, near Rhinelander, Wis,
April 23.
In addition to the federal prize,
the person who can catch Dillinger
will receive $1,000 reward from each
of five states—Indiana, Ilinois, Mich.
igan, Ohio and Minnesota.
John Dillinger
Sons in his White House study,
President Roosevelt talked over
the radio directly to millions of his
fellow countrymen, seeking to reas
sure those who have been alarmed by
the frequent sllegnutions that the New
Deal is becoming radical. He rebuked
his critics as “doubting Thomases”
“prophets of calamity” and “theoret
feal diehards.,” and by implication de
fended the brain trust. He highly
praised the departing congress for its
work in the lines of relief for the dis
treased, recovery and “reform and re
construction.”
Mr. Roosevelt told his listeners the
simplest way they could judge recov.
ery was to consider their own situa.
tions,
“Are you better off than you were
last year?" he asked. “Are your debts
less burdensome? Is your bank ac
count more secure? Are your work.
ing conditions better? Is your faith In
your own (ndividual future more firm.
ly grounded?”
OMETHING like a hundred thou
sand Americans and Canadians
gathered In Detroit for the good will
celebration which was held on the
Ambassador bridge under the aus
pices of the American Legion and
the Canadian Legion. The bridge.
which links Canada and the United
States across the Detroit river, was
turned into a hoge playground and
customs and immigration barriers were
lifted for the day. J
IVING up hope for a disarmament
pact at Geneva, the British gov-
ernment has under way extensive
for defense of the country,
donderry, secretary for alr, He turned
down a suggestion for an imperial alr
force for the defense of the empire,
but sald there would be close co-oper-
ation with the air forces of the do
minions,
the British government
suggestion that the war
rejects
debt
procedure would be
dangerous to
impractical
Anglo-American
tlement of the debts problem “when
ever It may appear that the present
abnormal conditions have so far
passed as to offer favorable prospects
for a settlement.”
N22 storm «troops In Germany
- have demanded that the Stahl
helm, or Steel Helmets, composed of
war veterans, be banned by the Hitler
government, But the leaders of the
organization reply that it shall not
be suppressed or absorbed In the
storm troops. The existence of the
Stahlhelm, they assert, is guaranteed
by President Von Hindenburg, Chan-
cellor Hitler, and other Naz! chiefs,
the assassination of Archduke
Franz Ferdinand at Sarajevo, the
event that precipitated the World war,
there were bombing outrages through-
out Austria directed against the Doll-
fuss government and possibly insti
gated by the Nazis, Certainly the
disorders were political in nature.
Power plants, railway lines, and one
newspaper office were blown up.
FITH congress adjourned and the
President preparing for his
Hawall cruise, Miss Margaret Le
Hand, confidential secretary to Mr.
. Roosevelt, decided to
take a vacation, so
she salled for Europe.
Now comes from Paris
the positive statement
that Miss Le Hand is
to be married to Wil
Ham C. Bullitt, Amer
fean ambassador to
Russia, and that she
was making the final
arrangements in the
‘rene vp rgd # *§
Margaret hog Th apa The
Le Hand nothing in confirma-
tion or denial except to declare that
she was not going to Russia, but the
correspondents were sure the plans
were well advanced for what it had
been hoped would be a secret wed-
ding. It was understood that Corne
llus Vanderblit, Jr., a close friend of
for Mr. Bullitt Mr. Vanderbilt is in
the Riviera, and Miss Le Hand also
was booked to go there before return.
ing to America late in July.
Ambassador Bullitt is a widower
with him in Moscow,
NFORMATION was glven the house
committee Investigating War de
partment expenditures that prices
quoted the government on automobiles
have jumped since the issuance of the
executive order excluding Henry
Ford from bidding until he certifies
compliance with the NRA. Represent.
ative Kvale of Minnesota sald he had
evidence to back up this charge, and
that the situation has cost the gov.
ernment thousands of dollars already.
“For Henry Ford to submit a cer
tificate of compliance,” Mr. Kvale
sald, “would mean he would have to
secure 5,000 certificates of compliance
from those who furnish parts and
products for his cars. That is obvi
ously impossible.”
The committee called on War de
partment officials to reply to this ac.
cusation,
ERE is more woe for President
Mendieta of Cuba. The A. B. C,
society, strongest of the secret political
associations In the island, has an-
nounced that it would no longer sup
port the Mendieta government, The
reason given was “the lack of firm
ness displayed by the government in
dealing with terrorists, especially
with men responsible for the assault
on the A. B, C. parade June 17."
The A. B. C. manifesto sald the so-
clety would continue to work for the
good of Cuba against terrorism and
other forms of “gangsterism” which
“are directly traceable to the influence
of Moscow gold.”
A crisis In the cabinet resulted and
several members, who belong to the
A. B. C, offered their resignations, as
did 600 employees of the treasury de-
partment.
A committee of conciliation was at
work on the government's troubles and
it was reported that It might suggest
a parliamentary form of government
headed by a prime minister. The A.
B. C. leaders would agree to this If
the premier were chosen from thelr
ranks.
ILATERAL conversations on naval
strength, being conducted in Lon.
don by the United States, Great Brit.
ain and Japan preparatory to the com.
ing conference, did not appear to be
getting anywhere. The British sub.
mitted a plan whereby the United
States should sink its battleship fleet
and Britain should be permitted to
build a large number of small cruls
ers, airplane carriers and alrplanes,
and they. the proposers, were fright
ened by thelr own temerity. Mean.
while the Japanese delegate told the
American representative that his gov.
egnment was increasingly suspicions
of an understanding between Britain
and America that would work to the
detriment of Japan,
ee
Washington, — Armed with more
power than any President of the
United States, or the
One-Man head of any demo-
Control
eratie government,
ever has had, Presi
ident Roosevelt has started
what he
nomic recovery. He has all’ of the
weapons in his own hands, There can
When the second session of the Sev-
congress adjourned, the
session, come
In fact, a
of a temporary character, of course,
them and they cannot be taken away
{rrespective of their nature, unless exi-
Roosevelt will call the congress back
for an extraordinary session. Those
exigencies do not now appear on the
horizon,
The above paragraphs are 8 neces
gary prelude to the further statement
that for the coming six months, at
least, the country will have a distine-
tive one-man control. Ordinarily, we
are prone to consider this government
of ours in a little different manner
because, in a period when congress
is in session, the restrictions which
its enactments embody serve to cir
cumscribe the powers of the executive
branch of the government In the
forthcoming six months, however, the
executive branch may operate with all
of the freedom discretionary author-
ity carries in the New Deal legisia-
tion,
Because of the great speed which
characterized passage of the New
dent asked, its full meaning was over.
looked temporarily In many cases
appraisals are possible in the light of
and this
the
ous items of the New Deal,
has occasioned more than
amount of in Washington
One line of frequently
beard is that Mr. Roosevelt has placed
himself in a spot where he can claim
usual
discussion
discussion
and
gince success 18 not yet assured, he is on
11
i re
accomplish the job
From what 1
there
program to
Seems
no disposition anywhere to take away
Anti-administration poll
ticlans are continuing to play dead
of allowing the calf all of the rope
units of the
capi
f success i= complete, they
thus
This position, I am told, does not
mean that the Republicans and other
anti-administration groups will not
fight back. 1 have explained in ear
fier letters that they are going to fo-
ment trouble by attacks on various of
the policies to show vulnerable points,
* » .
As 1 sald at the outset, the story
of the Seventy-third congress is the
story of the broad.
Just a Loan est loan of power
ever given. It must
of Power be described as a
joan of power, because congress can
take It back at any time by muster-
ing sufficient votes for repeal of the
jaws It enacted. But it must be re
membered that, under the so-called
Norris amendment to the federal Con-
stitution, the recently adjourned ses
slon of congress was the last session.
In other words, when adjournment was
voted, it was an adjournment sine die.
It was finished. It cannot be recon
vened without a call by the President
and that, as I reported above, is hard.
1y within the realm of possibilities. All
of which is by way of saying that Mr,
Roosevelt will have the use of these
loaned powers completely and unequiv-
ocally certainly until next January.
It might be added that he will have
most of them for much longer be-
cause, although congress can exercise
its right to take them back, recovery
of the grants of power Is not as easy
as It may seem. For example, nor
mally, repeal of a law Is accomplished
by a majority vote In congress. But
one must stop to consider here that
Mr. Roosevelt may not want to give
up the authority vested In him. He
has the power to veto an act of con.
gress, Then, to get those powers back
congress must override the veto, To
override a veto It Is necessary under
the terms of the Constitution that
two-thirds of each house shall have
voted In the affirmative,
1 am making no assertion that any
such attitude will be taken by the
President. None can make it for none
knows what the President's attitude
will be when the time comes for a
decision on the point. It Is worthy of
thought, in my opinion, however, that
here Is a condition where the system
of checks and balances between the
legislative, judicial and executive
branches of the government have
placed a powerful whip in the hands
of the Executive. Students of the Con-
stitution tell me that it Is a very un-
usual condition. Frankly, as I see the
situation at this time, it will take an
overturning of public sentiment equal
in magnitude to the landslide by
which Mr, Roosevelt was elected to
force a return of that power to con-
gress were the President desirous of
retaining It
*® » ®
When Mr, Roosevelt came into of-
fice March 4, 1083, the congress, ac-
cording to the Con-
Legality stitution, held the
power to levy and
uesti
Q estioned collect taxes, to bor
row money, to regulate foreign and
domestic commerce, to coin money and
regulate its value and to govern Its
relation to foreign colin, to combat
counterfeiting, to set up Inferior
courts, to declare war and grant let-
ters of marque and reprisal, to raise
and support the army and the navy
and control calis for the militia, to
define and punish piracy, guard the
copyright of creative work, and to
make all necessary laws for carrying
out these various powers,
What has congress retained of these
vast powers, given it by the Constito-
tion because it represents the people?
There is a divergence of opinion, Sure-
iy, however, there has been delegated
to the President some of the most im-
portant of those powers, and some
authorities like Senator Borah of
Idaho, and some of the Democratic
conservatives claimed the delegation
has been illegal. Whether that conten.
tion is true, of course, is a matier
for the courts,
To examine just a few of the things
done by congress will lllustrate the
extent to which It went In granting
laws creating the Agricultural
justment administration and it will be
seen that the authority to levy and
collect taxes was granted and at the
same time a big handful of control
over interstate and
was given to the Executive,
tion control under the so-called Bank
jaw is Just that
control interstate
head cotton control
An Important
and foreign
President also under
act 1
(zeneral
exercises
over
commerce ven the
re.
admin.
was
the national
Johnson,
that auth¢
uncer execn-
oOy ery
istrator,
course. but he does so
tive direction,
While the power Is circumscribed to
an extent, congress gave the President
dollar. He cannot vary it greater than
between fifty and sixty cents, as we
fo coin money and regulate
rests with Mr
tent. The implicati
ther. The
fund of gold w
taining the relationship between our
dollar and foreign coins,
that
ns go much fur
Roosevelt to
i8% 8D
hh it can use in
immense
main
Lied a
- *
Under the present set-up,
gave away temporarily the right to
make laws, or a part
U. S. in Many of that authority. In
Businesses nearly all of the acts
of the New Deal
congress, much discretionary power to
draft regulations and rules for admin-
istration of the new laws was accord
ed the Executive. Anti-administration
jeaders contend that in using this dis
cretionsry power, the executive branch
has put government into countiess
businesses, Through the Reconstrue-
tion Finance corporation, for example,
the government owns or has influence
in through the medium of loans such
businesses as banking, dairying, cotton
and wheat and other grain stocks, in
the mortgage field, raliroading and in
the various fields of commerce and
industry such as those touched by the
Tennessee Valley experiment.
In the charity field, the government
has gone a long way. It is providing
work In numerous ways Various ex-
periments are being worked out with
these funds, voted by congress for dis
tribution under the President's direc
tion. Some of the money is being used,
for example, for the building of whole
towns in conjunction with a govern
ment-owned manufacturing plant,
Through NRA, It is to be mentioned
also, the anti-trust laws were virtually,
if not wholly, suspended. The recov.
ery act made the anti-trust laws In
applicable where corporations signed
the codes and complied with the blue
eagle requirements. Under that same
sot of laws, too, the government vir
toally became a partner in all busi
nesses, since It exercises authority
over thelr manufacturing practices
and policies as well as their methods
of production and distribution.
Finally, it ought to be mentioned
that no longer can an Individual sigr
a contract by which he will agree tc
make payment in gold. All such con
tracts entered into heretofore, If they
are still in effect, mean nothing be
cause they cannot be enforced as to
payment In gold, The treasury hat
become the owner of all monetary
gold within the confines of the United
States.
@ by Western Newspaper Union,
CONETess
[Late Onions Need
Careful Culture
Long Growing Season Before
Hot Weather Is Found
Big Advantage.
By Prof. J. BE Knott, New York Slate
jege of Agriculture. WEY Bervies
New York state leads in the produe-
tion of late onions with a total crop
each year that ranges from 2,500,000
to 8,5000(x) bushels, and this crop is
often worth about $5,000,000,
Four major muck sections produce
more than nine-tenths of the crop. The
remaining one-tenth of the crop comes
from smaller areas scattered through-
out ten counties,
One of the most important points
to remember in the production of
onions is that the larger the plant
grows before it begins to form a bulb
at the base, the larger will be the
yield. The first thing that is to be
considered is the time of planting. The
earlier the onlons are started, the long-
er time they have to grow before warm
temperature and a long ¢ ylight period
combine to start bulbing in early sum-
mer. Fall plowing helps to an
early start
Other suggestions to Increase the
yield of onions on muck are: avold
the use of nitrogen on newly cleared
Col-
get
when four to five inches
muck in use ten years or
more; give allow cultivation often
enough to keep the weeds under con-
insects and diseases
as much as possible,
Shown by Actual Tests
Asparagus, which ranks as one of
a total value of more than half a mil-
lon dollars in 1830, should not be cut
severely until the second year after
the plantation is set, and in some cases
not until the third year, according to
a seven-year experiment conducted by
of Niinols,
Severe cutting
of asparagus is in-
ity. The injury increases In propor-
tion to the severity of the cutting. A
prolonged cutting season lessens the
period of the tops and there.
With a limited
Comparing the yields of the experi-
plot cut heavily the
year ret only 32000 pounds
of asparag ing the seven-year pe-
t cut lightly the first
yield of 431.51
gave total
Starting the harvest the second year
ivantageous with a total yield
Seven years
the plot harvested rather severe
the maximum yield of 531.53
pounds was gained from the bed cut
lightly the second year and me
the third season. The plot on
which harvest was not begun until the
third year gave a total of 467858
pounds,
If an asparagus plantation has made
a poor growth during the first and sec
ond years after setting, it is suggested
that the first cutting be delayed until
the third year, or at most that the cut-
ting be very light the second year,
Ordinaril>, however, there is no need
for delaying at least a partial harvest
aritil the third season.
Uruguay Has Problems
The problems of agriculture in Uru-
guay are attacked in a new way. The
agrarian ministry has decided to con
fine the production of each farmer to
éne crop, that for which his land is
the best suited, and which he Is best
qualified to raise. In some cases
farmers will be allowed a rotation In
crops, thus assuring yearly diversified
harvests, enables each agricuiturist to
obtain for his product higher grades of
other produce,
Agricultural Notes
Foresters find that evergreen seed-
ling trees do best in Ohlo when they
are three years old at planting time
and once before have been trans
planted,
-. » »
Many of the most serious cabbage
diseases can be controlled by hot wa-
ter treatment of cabbage seed. Many
seedsmen now treat most or all of
thelr seed.
. 5 »
New York potato growers are plant.
While farmers on
the Rio Grande are being
duce their acreage, growers
Mexican valley have put In a