UR anti-trust laws, that have
been held responsible for many
of Industry's woes In recent times,
would be relaxed and ruinous compe-
titton and reckless
price slashing elim-
inated under the pro-
visions of a new bill
that was laid before
President Roosevelt
for his approval. This
measure, entitled the
“National Recovery
Act,” was drawn up
by a committee of
congressional and in-
dustrial leaders head-
Sen. Wagner ed by Senator Wagner
of New York. Some members of the
so-called “brain trust” also had a part
in its formulation.
The bill provides for full govern-
ment control of industries through a
federal board that would closely re-
semble the war industries board of
1018. As summarized by one Wash-
ington correspondent, it proposes to
set aside the anti-trust laws, the fed-
eral trade commission act, and the
Clayton act; empowers the national
board to designate any industry as
one affected with a public interest;
permits price fixing directly and wage
regulation Indirectly under govern-
ment supervision, and provides for the
self-organization of Industry through
trade associations,
The major features of this bill hgve
been approved by the National Afso-
clation of Manufacturers and by Pres-
ident H. I. Harriman and other offi-
cers of the Chamber of Commerce of
the United States. It was said that if
Mr. Roosevelt liked It, the measure
might be offered to congress as a sub-
stitute for Secretary of Labor Perkins’
bill establishing the 30-hour week and
bureaucratic control over production
and wage scales of Industry. Or It
might be combined with the Perkins
bill, which was meeting with such de-
cided opposition In the house of rep-
resentatives that the administration
leaders seemed ready to abandon hope
of its passage during this session
This Industry bill sets up a board
consisting of seven members headed
by the secretaries of commeree and
labor. The others are to be spokes.
men for commerce, finance, labor, ag-
ricuiture, and the public,
The plan sanctions the formation of
industrial and trade associations which
shall work with the national board to
correlate production with demand,
establish prices of commodities at
fair levels, and stabilize markets.
WV BLE the National Recovery act
was still under consideration in
the White House, the President in a
brief message to congress asked imme-
diate passage of a bill which he hopes
will rescue the railroads from thelr
desperate situation, Jt provides for a
federal dictatdrship under a “co-ordl-
nator of transportation” whose func-
tion it would be to eliminate duplica-
tion of services and wasteful methods
of operation and to bring about finan-
cial reorganizations. This authority
is asked for one year, though provision
is made for extension of the period
by the President.
The President also recommended
placing railway holding companies un-
der the jurisdiction of the Interstate
commerce commission, repeal of the
recapture clause of the transportation
act whereby half of excess earnings
go to the government, liberalizing the
basis of rate making and modifying
valuation requirements, During the
period of emergency control the rail-
roads would be immune from prosecu-
tion for violation of the anti-trust
laws,
Plans were laid to hurry the meas.
ure through congress, and there
seemed to be little opposition among
either Republicans or Democrats.
M*® ROOSEVELT, addressing the
Chamber of Commerce of the
United States at its annual dinner,
sought to dissipate the fears of busi-
ness men that he was trying to bring
about a bureaucratic control of Indus.
try, Intimating that this would not
come about If Industry granted three
requests which he set forth. These
were that wages should go no lower
and should rise just as fast as indus
try improves; that business should
help the government to end cut-throat
competition and unfair practices, and _
that leaders should work for national
recovery, not for the selfish gain of a
single Industry or trade,
HOUGH the house accepted the
inflation rider to the farm bill it
did not agree to the senate’'s amend
ment authorizing the secretary of ag-
riculture to set arbitrary prices for
basic agricultural commodities and
penalize sales below such prices, ands
tinal enactment of the measure wis
thus delayed. This difference of opin.
fon also led the farmers’ convention
in Des Moines to order un farm holiday
beginning May 13, the producers being i
instructed to keep thelr products off
the market during the period of the
strike in order to starve the nation
into complying with thelr
Eggs, vegcinbles and milk are inclod
ed with the other farm products.
This action was taken by some 1,5
delegates from twenty-one states. Ob-
servers sald they represented only
about 1 per cent of the farmer strength
in their respective states and predicted
the strike would be ineffective,
The convention adopted resolutions
of sympathy with the farmers of two
counties in Jowa which are under mar-
tinal law because of the disgraceful
mobbing of Judge C. OC Bradley at
Le Mars, Many of the mob leaders
were under arrest and the state troops
were used to gather evidence, although
the cases were to be tried In elvil
court, "
HILE continuing his economic
conversations with representa.
tives of other nations, the President
found time to consider the selection
of American delegates | >
to the world confer-
ence that opens June
12 in London, He con-
sulted with Assistant
Secretary of State
Raymond Moley, who
will be one of the del-
egates, and also was
visited by Henry Mor-
genthau, Sr, former
ambassador to Tur.
key, and James M.
Cox of Oblo, Demo-
eratic Presidential
candidate In 1020. Both those gentle
men, it was understood, were to go to
London; and Mr. Morgenthau also
was chosem to represent the United
States at the international wheat con
ference in Geneva.
To the organization committee for
the London conference Normas HH.
Davis, special American envoy, pro-
posed that the nations should enter
into an agreement for a world-wide
tariff truce pending the outcome of
the parley. Putting this on the agenda
was left op to Prime Minister Mac-
Donald, ‘who returned home to con-
front a difficult situation. While he was
talking international trade agreements
with Mr. Roosevelt, the British board
of trade under President Walter
Runciipan was promoting bliateral
trade understandings with many gov-
ernments,
Henry Mor.
genthau, Sr.
R. ROOSEVELT had a round of
i conversations with Latin-Ameri-
can diplomats, starting with Thomas
Le Breton of Argentina who was ac
companied to the White House by Am-
bassador Espll. Doctor Le Breton
and his corps of experts also met
with Secretary of Agriculture Wal.
lace and other government officials to
world surpluses of wheat.
Guido Jung. Italy's finance minister,
arrived In Washington and at once be
gan talks with President Roosevelt
and his advisers concerning the pure
ly economic and monetary phases of
the current questions: and Augusto
Rosso, Itallan ambassador, handled
for his government the discussion of
disarmament and political matters.
OVING along somewhat similar
lines to those of the Roosevelt
administration, Chancellor Adolf Hit.
ler was going a swifter pace than any
op of his fellow dicta
£0 tors ever held. Imme-
diately after a May
d a ¥y announcement
that he would draft
the youth of Germany
Into a labor army, re-
gardless of wealth
and position, he pro
ceeded to destroy the
free trade unions of
TT the nation. The Nazi
storm troops were
Adolf Hitler sent Into every city
and town to seize the union premises
and the labor banks. - All the impor.
tant union leaders were put under ar.
rest.
“This clears the path for the new
National Socialist state in which labor
will form a part of society, divided
and grouped according to professions,”
sald Dr. Robert Ley, Nazl president
of the states’ council, who directed
the raids. “Guitds like those of the
Middle ages will be formed.”
Hitler's next move, with only a day's
interval, was to assume control of the
Central Association of German Banks
and Banking Industry, reorganize the
board of directors, appoint a Nazi
linison official and take steps for a
general reduction in Interest rates,
There was no let up In the Nazi
campaign against the Jews, Bernhard
Rust, the Prussian minister of educa.
tion, dismissed twenty-one professors
from Berlin university and nine from
Cologne university. Among them were
some of the foremost scholars and
NCLE SAM is now authorized to
#o into the power business, for
the senate by a vote of 63 to 20 passed
and operation of the Muscle Shoals
project. The house had passed an al
little adjusting to be
bill was sent to
nature,
RESIDENT ROOSEVELT has se-
lected Sam G, Bratton of New Mex-
Ico for a federal judgeship In the
Tenth Circuit Court of Appeals, which
embraces New Mexico, Colorado, Okla.
homa, Kansas, Wyoming and Utah,
Bratton accepted but will not resign
from the senate until the special ses-
slon ends,
W. A. Julian of Ohlo hae accepted
the post of treasurer of the United
States, and Dean G. Acheson of Con-
necticut is to be undersecretary of the
treasury.
PENING date for Chicago's Cen-
tury of Progress exposition was
advanced to May 27 to accommodate
President Roosevelt, who promised to
be on hand to take principal part In
the ceremonies. On the same day he
will officiate at the formal opening of
the Great-Lakes-to-the-Gulf waterway,
the ceremony to be held at the mouth
of the Chicago river,
Or GREAT Import in the Sino-Jap-
anese quarrel Is the news that
Soviet Russia has resumed full diplo-
matic relations with the Chinese Na-
tionalist government. Dimitri Bogo-
moloff, the new ambassador from Mos
cow, presented his credentinls at Nan
king. Immediately thie Chinese press
began a vigorous campalgn looking to-
fol
1805
ernment similar to the one that
lowed the war with Japan in y
when China virtually ceded Liasotung
peninsula, part of Manchuria, to tus
sin In return for assistance against
Japan,
The Chinese new suggest that China
grant the Soviets important
privileges to provide an outlet
time exclude Japanese products.
exchange it Is hoped that Russia
tion with the Manchukuo conflict.
ERMANY has proposed to the dis.
armament conference in Geneva,
through her representative, Count Ilu-
dolf Nadolny, that the arms plan
offered by the British a
be altered to provide
a maximum caliber of
105 millimeters for
mobile guns and to
entirely abolish tanks,
Nadolny contended
that if these proposals
were rejected, Ger
many should be al
lowed to have all land,
naval and alr arma.
ments that other na
tions deemed neces
sary for their adequate defense,
“The German government has suffi
clently proved its good will,” he said
“We have accepted In principle the
period of transition for the practical
realization of full equality rights for
Germany.
Count Nadolny
of disarmament to proceed with her
own rearmament at the highest pos
sible level. The contrary Is the case”
Count Nadolny won a victory when
include In the armed strength of Ger
many the 00000 Nazi storm
The decision was reached by
of T to 4.
OARDERSE of gold In large num
bers have defied the treasury, re
fused to turn in their stores of the yel
low metal in exchange for other cur
rency, and challenged the authority of
punish them for their stand. Among
of gold in safety deposit boxes are
many foreigners, both resident and
nonresident. All requests for licenses
to export this gold dre refused by the
treasury, unless it Is earmarked for
foreign governments, central banks or
the Bank of International Settlements,
In addition to the foreign gold own.
ers there are many domestic holders
of gold with large amounts In safety
deposit vaults, Some are known to
the treasury and were sald to have
several million dollars In gold coin
According to the information, they de.
clined to surrender the gold op the ad
vice of attorneys, who plann®] to test
the law in the courts
Indications pointed to a test case
within a short time. The Department
of Justice probably will arrange to ex.
pedite the case so that a prompt de.
cision may be obtained from the Su
preme court.
NE more head of a Latin-Ameri-
can government has fallen at the
hand of an assassin, Luis M. Sancho
Cerro, President of Peru, was shot to
death by Abelardo de Mendoza, a mem-
ber of the Aprista, opposition party,
just after reviewing 20,000 conscripts
in training for the war with Colombia,
Mendoza was slain by the Presidential
guarde. The Peruvian congress named
Gen. Oscar Benevides as {emporary
president,
SSUMING the correctness of mea:
ger dispatches from Cuba, a real
rebellion against the Machado regime
has broken out with the landing of
two expeditions near the eastern end
of the island, The government elalmed
to be having an easy time suppressing
the outbreak, but the fighting contin:
ued. Some of Machade's opponents
more than intimated that the revolt
was a “set up” engineered by the
resident himself.
{JED States District Judge
George A. Carpenter of Chicago
effective June 80, saying that he “feels
the ravages of time” and at his age,
which Is sixty-six, Is disinclined to
carry out the dally routine of judicial
work. “Judge Carpenter has been on
©. 1933, Weaters Newspaper Union.
al
eet
—
ae
Washingtop.—~In all of the hustle
and bustle of getting things done In
this crisis, it seems
Reversal of to me that one of
the greatest trans-
Powers formations of all
time has taken place, I refer to the
reversal of powers that are exercised
by congress and the Chief Executive.
Actually, in the period of a little over
two months, or since Franklin D.
Roosevelt became President, congress
has abdicated much power in favor of
the President and the President, In
turn, has given to congress a veto
power which it never has had before.
It will be recalled that the Consti-
tution prescribes the limits of author-
fty of the legislative, executive and
judicial branches of our government
Congress was supposed to be the check
on the executive powers just as the
be the
check on acts of the national legisla
ture, ‘The courts, or the Bupreme
court of the United States, were given
The circumstances of it all are so im-
portant and the procedure so unique
that a review of the period probably
is necessary to set out the picture
Further, there is no doubt in the
minds of many authorities and many
which have happened are going to af-
in ways of which we do not
From the perspective of the
made to appear that
and
present, it is
congress has
Roosevelt
as fact that
over to President
Chronologically, events have trans
pired something in this order:
The President took office as the
banking structure of the nation was
crumbling. He act
Epochal ed without delay,
Events and then asked con-
gress to support his
Congress had no choice. It
the emergency banking bill
through in record time. -That legisla.
tion would have taken years otherwise
to have been enacted. But congress
was reared!
Next came the authority for reor-
ganization of the government. It was
through quickly because every-
congress wanied to save
Also,
most members of congress saw 8 nice
CEBATY.
body In
They did not fancy cutting
covernment salaries, either. So they
hundred millions a year In what he
believed to be unwarranted payments
to veterans and one-fourth as much
It was in this legislation as well as
its control. The
statement can fairly be made that the
It sald
structure of the government which he
He was to do it by
executive order and If congress had
wot acted affirmatively io a prescribed
time, the executive order stood as law,
To those unacquainted with the pro-
cedure, the reversal of practice may
not be so apparent. But after con
gress had delegated that authority to
only by a two-thirds vote. That Is
difficult to obtain except in an emer.
gency.
» . »
for an Illustration, that
is dissatisfied with some
move made by the
Veto Power President in connec
tion with reorgani-
of Congress zation and It passes
a resolution setting aside that par
ticular executive order. Mere passage
of the resolution does not make it the
law of the land, for there Is yet the
pignature of the President to be ob-
tained. If the President chose ta veto
the resolution, the congress them to
make its will effective must repass
that resolution by a majority of two
thirds. It thus exercises veto power,
something hitherto unknown.
Now, as to the banking act: the Pres
fdent was given broad discretionary
power to reconstruct the banking sys
True, it wag an emergency, a
But that legislation went so
as to permit the Chief Executive
take over and operate the federal
banks. By that means, it Is
a stretch of imagination
t actually can control the com
mercial banks of the country. The tie
between the federal reserve hanke
privately owned commercial
#0 close that control of the
hundreds of avenues by
other may be reached.
| can withdraw that power
repealing the legislation. Jt
¥
Assume,
congress
by
Cr
HTL
LER
— -
supreme in that field. Yet, In order
to repeal the law, the repealer must
be signed by the President,
* . .
Along came the farm bill to which
was added the inflation amendment
presented by Senator Thomas of Ok-
lahoma., No more dictatorial power
ever was sccorded the bead of any
government, except the absolute mon-
archy, than is given to the President
of our country, In the farm bill it-
self there is power to control crop
production, a pswer to restrict acre-
age, If the Chief Executive wants to
go that far.
In the Thomas inflation amendment,
the authority is given the Chief Execu-
tive to change the value of your money
and mine, at whatever time he sees
fit He ean make the gold dollar
worth half what it was heretofore;
he ean use silver to an extent
deems necessary, and he appears to
have been given power to arrange
treaties on monetary standards with.
out even consulting again with the
congress. It had always been sup-
posed that the Constitution required
the advice and consent of the senate
on treaties, but the authority now ap-
parently rests in the hands of the
Chief Executive alone.
Between the banking legislation and
the farm bill, with its inflation sec-
tion, congress voted the President the
right to organize 8 new “army” of up-
wards of 250.000 men, The reforesta-
tion bill that became law called for
the mobilization of a “citizen's con-
servation corps,” a legitimate peace
time organization for the purpose of
re-establishing a source of timber sup-
ply. Mr. Roosevelt was given wide
discretion as to how that corps would
be recruited, trained and vsed, It is
a matter clear out of the hands of
CONETess,
Others are
yet to come,
now shaping up.
become monarch
through the federal
which the legislation provides
» -. -
of the rail systems
in Washington
powers
President
respecting
which the
has been
gion
Powers in
the con
in better
speaking,
clusion Is that they are
hands than if
congress under the
strated that he knows what he wants,
and most members of congress are
afraid to deny requests which he
makes,
Take the inflation amendment for
example. Mr.
saw a tidal wave of
ment In congress. It was there. So
in order to maintain control, he placed
himself at the head of the Inflation
parade. It Is unthinkable that he will
ever use &11 of the various powers
given him in the inflation amendment,
for he knows that the remedy would
be worse than the disease they seek
to cure in most instances. But by the
simple expedient of inviting the Infla-
tionists to dump all of their remedies
into one basket and to give him dis-
cretionary power to use them as he
desires, he continued to command the
forces, 1 have heard It suggested fre-
quently that many of the inflationists
do not realize yet how they let the
thing get away from them,
And it did get away. Having made
the means avaliable once, there are
not 80 many senators and representa-
tives who will vote to make it manda-
tory now, If they did, the President
could veto the bills and there seems
little chance of enough voles to pass
that sort of thing over the veto of the
Chief Executive.
. & »
Observers here used to think that
Calvin Coolidge kept the politicians in
congress “up in the
Keeps Them air” by the manner
: in which he out
Guessing Ted: er ae
Judgment now 1s ihat Roosevelt has
improved on the Coolidge plan to the
point where his plans take on ele
ments of mystery. The action in the
case of the inflation ghost is typical.
It was wholly unexpected. He keeps
things to himself until his mind is
made up. Then, without further ado
a brief message goes to congress and
the thing is done. The method has
proved immensely practical as well as
effective. Whether the results are
right or wrong is not within the realm
of my discussion.
Senator Robinson, of Arkansas, the
Democratic leader in the senate, con
tinues to have his troubles in keeping
Senator Huey Jong, of Louisiana, on
the party reservation. Senator Long,
the self-styled Kingfish, just won't
stand hitched. Consequently, clashes
between Robinson and the kingfish are
frequent since the Democratic leader
is equipped with a vicious tongue and
more than the average amount of cour
age.
The kingfish does more talking than
any other senator. It irks Robinson
to see his plans upset as the kingfish
frequently upsets them by his long,
rambling speeches into which he sprin-
©. 1583, Western Newspaper Unto.
Howe About:
Stillman and Morgan
Favoritism
Materialism a Virtue
By ED HOWE
OME men have po little woman
sense they should have an adminis
trator appointed to direct thelr love
affairs,
A conspicuous example Is Jim Sti]
man of New York. Apparently a rea-
sonably fair, active and Intelligent fel-
low In his other activities, he has long
been a sad idiot fn associating with
women ; apparently he never so much
as bowed to ohe who 4id not make
him “enormous trouble, Falling helr
to a fortune from a careful father was
an active curse to him:
years his had
through the courts and
and always the evidence indica
Stillman was more of a gentleman
than those who have treated him so
foully were ladies. In the
ample of foul notoriety
appealed to the court for help for Still-
man, pointing out that the case for the
complainant was so palpably blackmail
that her lawyer should be di
for many
dra
newspapers
tes that
name been gged
Intest ex-
his attorney
sharred
A few men are capable in thelr
affairs, but such cases are so rare a
book has recently been written to cel-
ebrate the case of the elder J. P. Mor-
gan. He was an enormous lover
able to handle the details so well that
no woman ever made him serious trou.
ble. He treated them well and paid
them well, and most of them seem to
have actually loved him. Even
gossips respected his unusual skill and
did not talk about him = tenth as
much as they talk sbout poor Jim
Stillman. Being weak myself I do
know how Morgan ever did it, but con-
fess | found great interest in the re
cent book “Morgan the Mag
nificent.”
love
but
the
net
0
called
* * .
We hear much complaint from the
defeated of Favoritism,
My observation has been thst fa-
voritism Is exercised to the advantage
{ of the most reliable and worthy.
i When & good job is to be given out,
{ no employer Is fool enough to pay a
| salary to a drunkard or slouch If a
| sober and efficient worker is to be had.
| Good, steady workers are the favor.
| {tes of men as well as of the gods,
i ® ® ®
{ Boys interest me. 1 read
that lately two ships were becaimed
fifteen miles apart in the loneliest part
{| of the loneliest of the oceans: in mak-
ing the passage Cape Horn
| The crew of one was composed of
! German boys of good families; their
was seventeen, and one
Germans believe In giv-
ing boys practical experience early
! When there had been no wind for a
jong time, eight of the crew asked the
off to
always
around
| average age
was a baron;
{ captain for permission to row
the other ship. The captain sald they
were crazy, as boys nearly always are,
but finally gave them use of the yawl
Starting at two in the afternoon, they
returned at two morn-
| ing, after eating supper on board the
! gtranger. The sporty waited
up for them, burned flares after night-
{ fall to direct them, and sat up
| hours listening to their chatter of the
, trip.
The captain was noted as the most
capable man in the sailing service, and
in the book there ix not a word about
his cruelty. Most sea books make
much of the brutality of the captain;
1 liked this story because of the decent
captain, and 1 believe most of them are
decent. I never care for exaggerated
stories of cruelty, filth or adventure.
» * *
We all agree Science has made the
modern world great. Sclence is edu:
cation taking advantage of experience.
Honesty is the religion of men of this
trade. Their first question in every-
thing is, Is it true? If the truth Is
harsh they look for an antidote. Their
first ambition is to get out of life the
best there Is in It. Not one of the first
class men of science has ever taught
dreams, omens, predictions. When
one of them, Sir Oliver Lodge, began
holding seances in old age, he was
promptly tagged as a motorist Is
tagged by policemen for parking
wrong.
When we finally reach the age of
reason we will depend on the scien-
tists for guldance. Who told us about
the great wonders of nature, and dem-
onstrated them? The scientists
Who predicted the end of the world
dally and hourly for centuries, and
missed it every time? The prophets
and dreamers,
Who was it killed a thousand men
every day of his active life? A gen-
eral and politician called Napoleon.
Who enabled us to sit quietly at
home and hear music and messages
from any part of the world? Again
‘the scientists, the men who believe in
honesty, education, peace, politeness,
progress, materialism, common sense,
and everyone a hard worker.
. "0.
the following
wer vit 1}
caplain
for
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