O THAT his administration might
S get a running start in the nego-
tiations concerning war debts, world
economics and other related uiatters
that are worrying the
nations, President
Elect Roosevelt made
public two of his se-
lections for his cab-
inet. These were Sen-
ator Cordell Hull of
Tennessee as secretary
of state and William
H. Woodin, New York
capitalist, as secre
tary of the treasury.
These gentlemen, who,
Mr. Roosevelt sald,
were “drafted” against
their will, were at once associated
with him In the preliminaries of de
termining the policies of the incoming
administration in its relations with
foreign powers. They became mem-
bers of what Mr. Roosevelt has called
his “unofficial” committee to advise
him on world economic problems, and
met with that group, which Includes
Bernard Baruch, Prof. Raymond Moley
and others,
Mr. Hull, long considered one of the
ablest men In the Democratic party,
Is not an orator or an accomplished
debater but is studious, resourceful
and has served his country ably for
many years in the house and the sen
ate,
in the
Cordell Hull
lefore entering congress he was
Tennessee and he
served in the Spanish-American war
as a captain of volunteer infantry.
He Is devoted to the policy of tarifls
for revenue i that
legislature,
and helieves
one of the basic causes of the business
only,
depression has been nationalist isola
tion, started by the United States in
1920 with the erection of tariff walls
which other nations were quick to
copy. FProhibitive tariffs, he holds,
have helped stagnate trade hy creat-
ing a productive capacity in excess of
domestic demand,
Carter Glass
first
treasury
of Virginia
cholce for
but he de
because he be
Senator
was Mr.
secretary of
clined the post solely
lleves he can hetter
the country in
So the
per
per
William
Roosevelt's
the
serve
the
President-Elect
susded his
sonal friend,
H. Woodin, to accept
the portfolio. Mr
Woodin formerly was
a Republican, but he
Joined the Roosevel!
camp before last sum
mer's convention and
afterward was treas-
urer of a special fi
nance committee that
raised a large fund for the Democrat-
fe party. He has an international rep-
utation as a manufacturer of railway
equipment and as a banker and Is
now president of the American Car
and Foundry company, His interests
are not all in business, for he is an
accomplished musician and composer,
a numismatist and an art collector,
He is sixty-five years old, married and
has four children,
senate,
close
William H.
Woodin
NOFFICIALLY, the other members
of the Roosevelt cabinet were an-
nounced to he these:
War—George H. Dern of Utah.
Attorney gereral—Thomas J, Walsh
of Montana,
Postmaster general—James A. Far-
ley of New York.
Navy—Claude A. Swanson of Vir
ginia,
Interior—Harold LL. Ickes of [llinols.
Agriculture—Henry A. Wallace of
Towa.
Commerce—Dnanlel C. Roper of South
Carolina,
Labor—Frances
York
Perkins of New
IUSEPPE ZANGARA,
maker immigrant who tried In
vain to assassinate the President.
Elect in Miami, must spend S0 years
In prison at hard labor, If he lives so
long. He pleaded guilty to deadly
assault on Mr loogsevelt and on
three others whom his bullets reached,
and was sentenced by Judge E. CC
Collins, Two of the victims of his
mad deed, Mayor Cermak of Chieago
and Mrs, Joseph H. Gil of Miami,
were still lying In the hospital severe.
ly wounded, and so there was a
chance that Zingara, shonld the vie
tims of his mad act die, would be put
on trial for murder.
Mr. Roosevelt wrote a graceful let
ter of appreciation to Mra W, F.
Cross of Miami, who probably saved
his life by seizing Zingara's arm as he
was shooting: and Representative
Gireen of Florida Introduced a resolu.
tion to have congress vote a gold
medal of honor to the courageous
woman,
Government agents In Washington
were investignting a second appar.
ent attempt on the life of the Pros!
dent Elect, following the discovery of
fa package addressed to him eontain
tne a erudely weapped shotgun shell
It war nutled from Watertown, N. YY,
and was found In the Washington post
offiee, Postal invpectors thought It
wag the work of a erunk hut sald the
the brick-
or struck and might have resulted
fatally.
IR RONALD LINDSAY, British
ambassador, Immediately after his
return from London held conferences
with Mr Roosevelt—Secretary of
State Stimson approving—and report
ed to Sir John Simon, foreign secre
tary, that the conversations had been
“useful.” What was said was not re
vealed, but Sir John said:
“The conversations are, of course,
at present In a wholly preliminary
stage and of an entirely general char
acter, but it is not too soon to say
that we believe that by a frank and
intimate interchange of views be
tween ourselves and the United
States over the whole field of current
economic problems, the way will be
best prepared for the effort which the
countries of the world must make to
gether to in promoting world
recovery.”
Mr. Roosevelt also conferred at
length with Paul Claudel, the French
ambassador, and William Duncan Her
ridge, the minister from Canada. In
Paris Foreign Minister Paul -Boncour
sald war debt negotiations between
France and the United States would
be resumed after the Inauguration of
Mr. Roosevelt, but did not explain
what form the negotiations would take.
assist
EPEAL of the Eighteenth amend.
went 1s now up to the states, for
the senate's Blaine resolution submit.
ting the action to state conventions
was passed by the
house by a vote of 280
to 121, or 15 in excess
of the required two
thirds of those pres
ent and voting. For
the repealer were 108
Republicans, 180 Dem
ocrats, and 1 Farmer
Laborite. Against it
were 80 Republicans
and 32 Democrats. The
action of the house
wins a reversal of its
attitude of the first
Rep. Rainey
to submit unqualified repeal failed of
adoption by 6 votes. It was In a way
a personal victory for Representative
the senate resolution and argued
warmly and effectively in its behalf,
Though immediate steps toward the
calling of conventions were taken In
many of the states, the battle for re
peal was by no means won when the
submission resolution was adopted.
Ratification by thirty-six states Is nec-
essary, and if this Is not obtained
within seven years the whole matter
lapses and prohibition remains. Of
course the wets are confident that re
peal will win In the required number
of states within at the most four years
and possibly In much less time, and it
may be they are right Wet
assert that only Kansas,
Oklahoma, Arkansas and Nebraska can
be counted on as certainly dry, and
Alabama, Vermont, Idaho and Maine
as doubtful. On the other hand Bishop
James Cannon, Jr. asserts that thirty
to thirty-three states will refuse to val
jdate the Blaine amendment.
Disagreement as to the method by
which states’ conventions may be set
op may delay the functioning of the
machinery of ratification. Some con.
gressmen thought congress should pre
scribe the procedure, but Senator
Walsh of Idaho held that all connec
tion which congress has with prohibl
tion repeal ended with submission of
the new amendment to the states, This
view also was taken by Representative
James Beck of Pennsylvania, who, like
Senator Walsh, Is an eminent constito.
tional authority
FOLLOWING a demand on China to
withdraw {ts troops voluntarily
from Jehol, actually by Japan but
nominally by the government of the
puppet state of Manchukuo, the main
body of the Japanese army in Mancha.
kuo crossed the border of the prov.
ince and advanced rapidly toward
Chaoyang. second largest city of Jehol
The opposing Chinese were reported
to have fled, but immediately there
after regular Chinese troops crossed
into Manchukuo to join Irregulars in
an attack on the Japanese positions
at Tunglino, The Japanese high com.
mand in Manchuria announced that
it was determined to “annihilate” the
100,000 regular troops In the army of
Marshal Chang Hsueh llang, and that
it might become necessary to occupy
Peiping and Tientsin, As is its cus.
tom, the Japanese foreign office de.
clared that Japan regarded the Jehol
invasion as purely a local affair,
The Japanese delegation In Geneva
maintained its uncompromising atti
tude as the assembly of the League
of Nations began general discussion
of the report of the committee of nine
teen on Manchurin, This report is
in most respects at utter variance
with the cinims of Japan, and the
Tokyo delegates warned the League
that a grave sitnation would arise if
it were adopted by the assembly. Such
netion, they suggested, might upset
“friendly relations between nations,
RESIDENT HOOVER, rather neg.
lected In the news of |ate, sur
prised congress by sending In a spe
ecinl urging action on clght
subjects of legislation
which he thought
would ald In economie
recovery, He asked
that the present con.
gress pass the bank
ruptey bill, the Ginss
hanking bill, a meas
ure to increase the
nmount of Reconstrue
tion Fipance corpora-
tion funds for state
rellef loans, a federal
farm lease bill and the
repeal of the publie
fty clause in the R. F.
C. act. The President also advised
the ratification of the St. Lawrence
waterway treaty, the adoption of the
arms embargo resolution and the
starting of study looking to the ex-
pansion of the home loan banks Into
fa general mortgage discount system,
Mr. Hoover advocated the Hyde farm
leasing plan as a substitute for the
domestic allotment scheme, declaring
the latter “wholly unwork
able” and ealeulated to do far greater
harm than good to agriculture,
The senate did take up the bank-
ruptey bill, which had passed the
messKnee
President
Hoover
seemed
which Increases the R. F
C. funds for state rellef and
farther than the President econtem
plated. It was generally agreed that
his other would
meet with no during the
short session
rellef hill,
ROSS
recommendntions
response
PEAKER GARNER
\J plan to make Roosevelt a constitn
dropped
house accepted the senate provision
of the treasury and post office appro
priation bill conferring limited auto
cratic power on the Incoming Pres!
By
consolidate or abol
agencies and
not
ish any administrative
their functions, but
or consolidate ent departments
The house reelected the
amendment directing the head of each
department and Independent estab
to effect a © per cent redue-
from appropria
1934
house
may abolish
senate
tion in expenditures
tions for the fisenl
Without
the “Buy American”
sored by Senator Johnson of
fornia. It provides that the
all government deg
for gos
or produced In
substantially
material
year
dehnte the accepted
amendment spon
Call
heads of
artments must buy
ernment use only goods
the United
composed of
made
States or
domestic
Every contract for construe
tion. alteration or repair publle
buildings or public works mu
tain a clause requiring the contractor
to abide by the “Buy American”
policy.
a vessel designed and built as an
alreraft carrier. It
Newport News, Va, and Mrs
Hoover christened It
Ranger in honor of
the ship of the same
name that
manded by John Pau
Jones, Our other air
plane carriers, the
Langley, Saratogn
and Lexington, wer:
designed for othe:
and were oon
The
design
was In
Was oCcom
uses
verted
ized
the
the “flush deck™
but the navy is pow trying to get a
bill through congress to an-
thorize a change in the plans to con
struct with an “island deck."
first type of construction no super
structure is provided except a smoke
stack which swings out of the way so
that the entire deck Is avallable for
taking off and landing.
author
intended
Ranger to be of
Mrs. Hooover
type,
passed
vessel, leaving practically the entire
would entail an extra expenditure of
£2.000,000
USTRIA was greatly disturbed by
from Italy be returned or destroyed,
but after some Indignant protests
Chancellor Engelbert Dolifuss
nounced his government would com
ply with the demand and the arms re
turned. Sir John Simon told the
house of commons that he hoped the
matter might be considered a closed
incident. The guns, or at least a part
of them, were belleved to be destined
for Hungary, and the French and Eng
lish were inclined to hold Mussolini
responsible for the seeming violation
of the peace treaty. The Italian ver
gion was that the arms were sent to
Austria by private citizens merely to
be repaired and returned.
ORE woe for President Machado
of Cuba Is at hand, for the ex.
pected revolt against his role has
broken out in many widely separated
parts of the island. Skirmishes be
tween the rebels and government
troops were reported at various polnts
and there were some fatalities
Groups of armed men were sald to
be starting fires In the sugar cane
flelds and driving away the workers
ECENT denths included those of
James J. Corbett, former heavy
weight champion, and Mal. Gen. Wi
fiam YH. Johnston. an American com
mander In the World war, who won
fame and decorations for his “extraor
dinary herolsm in action”
© 1923. Western Newspaper Union
I(
NA
by William Brac
Washington.—As discussions pro-
ceed over the question of what to do
about the foreign
How Foreign debts, it becomes
Debts Hit You quite apparent that
there is a great deal
of confusion existing on the subject
throughout the country. It seems
that many persons are unable to un-
tangle the skein or to get a clear idea
of how the influence of the debt ques-
tion carries on through to individuals
I was privileged to see a letter re-
ceived a few days ago by a member of
the house of representatives. Because
of the earnest desire of the individual
who wrote that letter to learn some
thing about the problem, I think he
must be typleal of a great many other
persons throughout the country.
“If 1 could understand how the debt
question affects me,” he wrote, “I
think I might be interested In all of
As it is, 1 confess my
let me say at the outset, 1 believe
and that those who are unalterably
opposed are being a little unfair In
some of the statements they make.
reduction by the
there will be a
ucts of factories will be marketable
the foreign nations owing
money to the United States are let off
in the payment of some of it. They
are aiming that American banking
conditions would be improved by debt
reduction, se it Is well known
many of our banks hold foreign gov-
ernment bonds in large amounts If
the debts to the United States govern.
ment the
private holdings of the foreign bounds
naturally become worth
there Is 8 better chance
ment,
It is undoubts
conditions would be
that a great
have invested some of thel
bonds would
The
only so much
the
part
have
beca
are scaled down, of course,
more because
for their pay
diy true that banking
and
who
eased here
many viduals
r savings in
any
stance is
foreign
debt
this:
available to
governments,
benefit by
reduction.
there is
any
and
government's obl
released,
will be
revenue
one of foreign
of that
heen
» others
when
ions
the
paid,
ids true as regards
markets
bits ha
reign
ment's de
duced to nt
and other
country
reduction in their
greater freedom In ’
To that those potential
purchasers feel able to enter the mar
ket and buy the usual amor
from America. And, of
there is a demand for goods from our
farms and our rise,
employment increases whole
country profits,
On the other side of the picture, the
opponents of debt reduction set forth
an insistent ery that “reduction of the
foreign transferring
those debts to the backs of American
taxpayers.” By that, mean the
United States government, having bor
rowed the money originally from its
own citizens, has to pay them as the
bonds become due. The government
some ext
that
probability of
and some
business dealings
lines of business In
recognize the
faxes
extent then
t
factories, prices
the
and
debts is simply
they
Opponents of debt reduction say,
too, that there is no assurance of any
revival of foreign trade with the Unit.
ed Swtes They point to the British
empire agreement of last year, giving
preference to products of their pro
vinces and dominions, and to the trade
These are the general tenor of the
arguments, They vary in different
sections of the country, for undoubt-
edly the products of some parts of the
mand from foreign lands than are oth-
ers. So it is obvious how many vari
ut the stake is so great that nat.
urally there is being used every influ.
ence available The
Vast Sum Owed total of the debis
United States owed the Lalted
States is £11,786,271,-
251, an enormous sum of money and an
amount constituting more than half of
our own government's national debt.
in other words, if the foreign debts
were pald at once, our government
could rednce its own national debt to
about 0.500 000,000,
Here are the names of the debtor
nations and the amounts they owe:
Austria
Belgium
Crechoslovakia
Esthonia
Finland
France
Great Britain ...
Greece .....
BUBEBAFY «ccosurans
Italy .....
RARLIVIR ....cvnvnsnee
Lithuania ...
Poland
RUMANIA .c.onanssinnssine
YURBOBIAVIA covuvvissssnnes
RUSMA ....convprsss 307.588.070
Armenia ..... 19.617,108
With respect to Russia and Armenia,
hope of gaining repayment long since
23,752.11
408,555,000
165,671.02
17,203,743
8.803.205
3,921.547,902
4,499.520,000
32,120,288
1.894.077
2.007.406.1256
7.085.454
6.383.612
215.249.815
632.800.5860
61.625.000
EE
LE
PERE EER s Rens
Serta nan
CRAs ARe saan
tree ne
FARRAR SERRE
Ensen
Kesar ren aan
FEN RREE ER ARE aE
ERE
EE
has faded away. There is no Armenia
any more, and the Russian Boviet
has repudiated all debts made by
the Czarist and de facto governments
preceding the present type of control
in Russia,
* *
Publication of the agenda, the
things to be talked about, at the in-
ternational economic and monetary
conference, shows that the rest of the
world, or its experts, considers the
same thing paramount that is fos-
tered as the highest hope In this
country. It is the desire for higher
prices of commodities, And these
prices, it may be added, necessarily
revolve around the values of
products of the farm. Thus it is dem-
onstrated again that the farm ques
tion Is basic,
The conference program, necessarily
prepared two or three months in ad-
vance of its use In the conference,
treats of tariff readjustment, readjust.
ment of international debts, abolition
of trade restrictions, the stabilization
of currencies on the gold standard to
which the United States has adhered
so tenaciously, and steps to balance
the budgets of whatever governmenta
units there are.
Of course, the
discussion already
debt readjustment. It had to start
with the United States. Our
is the creditor of all of them.
talked, agrees that the theory is right,
The debtors, who are creditors of
other nations, must know to what ex-
tent they are going to be let off
they feel free to let
else off, So it Is a circle
be unlocked by the United
* * *
fore somebody
Can
Slates
which
But there is another side, It Ig In
the other side that the trick The
question is:
Hoes,
the debtor nations
to whom the United
States makes c©oD-
carry eRslons on
to the ultimate debtors?” If
the experts here say there
Here's Where
the Trick Lies
cessions those cont
through
they do not
is nothing to be gained by
concessions,
To state the problem another way,
are
by the United States are reflected all
along the line, the United States will
have been just a plain sucker. Uncle
again
victim
unless such concessions as
Sam will
the in the shell
was no pea under either shell
the game began,
From these facts It
fectly byvious
game,
when
becomes per
why consideration
wast be giv
international econ
conference mlongs
sions now going on between the United
States and those powers to whom it
loaned money during and after
World war,
Sponsors of the agenda for the con-
ference decline to admit It, but
biased views hold that the program
for the conference is too complex to be
worked out at one series of meetings.
The experts take the position, how-
ever, that because the problem as a
whole is so complex, It
dealt with by pieces. They say that
and
ide of
amnac
monetary
the discus-
pleces will serve the ends desired If
taken singly. That was the attitude
of some of the leaders in the Hoover
attitude of Mr. Roosevelt and his as-
sociates now,
There is reason to believe, there
fore, that we are going to see a con
tinuing series of international ex-
changes of views for quite some time,
* » *
here to call atten
factor In the whole
situation that has
begun to loom on
the horizon, The sit-
uation that confront.
ed Woodrow Wilson who, as Presi
dent, sought to gain senate approval
of the Treaty of Wersailless The
treaty had 4he League of Nations
covenant as its heart The senate
refused to wear the halter. There
were a number of senators who be
came balky horses, They were called
the *“irreconcilables”™
Whether thelr position was wrong
or right is of no moment in this ar
ticle. The fact is that the irrecon-
eilables blocked American adherence
to the Leajae of Nations
Now, there is another group of
them. Several senators remain in
the senate from that original group.
They are restating their views these
days, some publicly, others privately.
They are insisting that the United
States retain Its “sovereignty.” and
remain isolated from the entangle
ments which they say they foresee In
the debt discussions and the interna.
tional conference.
Conservatives and radicals alike
agree on one thing: Mr. Roosevelt
has a tremendous job ahead of him
ns he settles himself In the White
House, A very great many of them
are going to stick hy him, even though
some of the things he does may taste
Hike sour milk, because they recognize
the magnitude of his Joh, It will be
fortunate, indeed, for the President.
if a sufficient number of both factions
accept the responsibility and stand
hy the President until the urgent job
of getting the country on the road to
recovery is done,
© 1933, Western Newspaper Union,
It Is necessary
tion to another
Balky Horses
in Senate
German Chemist Cites
Bencfits of Massage
The common theory that
enses pain, promotes sleep, and lim.
bers stiff muscles by stimulating the
elreulation may be true enough, ae.
cording to Dr. H. Rubhmann of Perlin,
but it does not explain how the elr-
culation Is stimulated,
Doctor Ruhmann’s in that
the stretching and pressure of the
skin sets free in the blood a chemical
known as acetylcholin, which has a
tendency to counteract the exciting
effects of the gland chemical known
as adrenalin,
Acetylcholin enlarges the eapll-
laries so that they hold more blood,
which carries awa;
fing the aches and
the chemical is set
skin it quiets the nerves,
counts for the sleep-promoting
ities of massage.
mnssnge
theory
the toxins caus.
When
the
Boe.
pains,
free from
which
qual-
zine,
Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets are the orig.
inal little liver pills put up 60 years ago.
They regulate liver and bowels. —Adv,
Must Be Encouraged
One can't feel important,
isn't treated as if he were,
if he
' | To improve Any child's
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A sluggish appetite means a slug-
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‘
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children
yrup of figs | 8
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If your baby, 1}
—y le faced
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give cathartics
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syrup of fig
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act on the lower colon—where
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Nature never has
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the wholesome, f
real
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Begin with it at once. You
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weight, and spirits,
Children who get
now and then, keep well and
colds,
NOTICE: The bottlers of Califor
nia Syrup of Figs respectfully warn
mothers that the promises made
here apply only to the genuine prods
uct in bottles plainly marked CAL~
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