———
{Tribes of the North Turn to
Trapping and Trading.
r Washington.—The Eskimo, accord-
Eng to dispatches from the Far North,
is slowly changing. Each year more
and more of these remote guardians of
the last frontier are adopting white
man's ways.
In Alaska and western Canada many
¥skimos have broken away from hunt-
ing and fishing to meet personal food
and clothing wants and have become
rappers and traders. In Greenland
Bnd northern Labrador the Eskimo
has clustered around the mission sta
tions, adopting the white man’s style
Pf house, rather than sod huts, igloos
and skin tents, and bartering skins for
the white man's canned foods, fire
Rrms, clothing and phonographs.
“The Eskimos were the first people
et by Europeans on American shores,
but they are still among the least
known, and eertainly the least seen,
of all native American tribes,” says a
bulletin from the National Geographic
society, “Scandinavians came in con-
tact with Eskimos in. Greenland and in
Labrador in the Tenth and Eleventh
centuries, Since that time the Eskl-
mos’ main contacts with the white man
bave been through explorers, mission
Bries, police officers, and occasional
Erappers and prospectors.
“The name Eskimo is sald to have
been given by Biard in 1611 (in the
orm “Excomminquois’). It means
‘eaters of raw fish.
“Considering their limited numbers,
the Eskimos cover a tremendous range,
The total Eskimo population of the
world has been estimated at only 33.-
000, but Eskimo villages can be found
bere and there throughout the coasts
of Arctic America from eastern Green-
land and northern Labrador to the
esternmost parts of Alaska, and
pe: on the tip of Asia across the Ber-
g strait.
“Throughout this distance, more
than 5,000 miles, the Eskimo speaks
one language, a strange tongue which
requires a vocabulary of 10,000 words.
As in Chinese, inflection is very Im-
portant. Few outsiders learn it, al-
though a ‘pidgin English’ has sprung
fp which some explorers and mission-
aries mistake for the Eskimo language.
High Medal Man
—
Col. Gordan Johnston is the only
man to hold the four highest awards
of the United States army. He holds
the Congressional medal of honor, the
distinguished service medal, the dis
tinguished service cross and the dee.
oration of the purple heart,
€
“Nearly all Eskimos live on or near
the const because they get most of
their food from the sea. They raise
no vegetables, supplementing thelr
meat diet In summer with wild ber-
ries and roots. In summer they hunt
land animals and birds, as a rule, and
In the winter they live on sea mam-
mals and fish,
‘Where least affected by the white
man's elvilization—along the Arctle
coast of Canada and In the islands
north of Hudson bay-—the Eskimo is
perhaps the healthiest and happlest
person on earth, The village Is the
largest soclal unit. There sre no
chiefs or rulers. ‘Leading men’ have
influence but no authority. Large an-
imals caught are shared with others,
and personal property Is secure, for
one tribe never makes war against
another, Along many of the inlets of
the Northwest territories in Canada
the Eskimo still hunts with bows and
arrows, and harpoons, In little skin
boats, or kayaks.
“While snow houses, or igloos, are
always associated with Eskimos, about
half the Eskimo world dues not know
them at all. Igloos are nlmost never
used in Labrador or In Alaska. Where
the white man's frame house {8 not
obtainable the native Eskimo lives in
a dugout covered with sod, the rcof be-
ing supported by poles or animal
bones, In the summer the skin tent,
or tuple, Is used, particularly while on
hunting forays.
“The Igloo, perhaps the most un-
usual of all dwellings, Is made of
blocks of snow, with a clear plece of
Jeds and benches
are of Ice, with warm furs on top. A
shallow pan made of stone or iron,
shaped somewhat like a dustpan, is
used for a lamp or stove, Along the
flat side Is a dry moss for a wick. In-
side the pan Is seal oil. The cooking
kettle Is suspended above the pan.
Iron kettles and pans are of recent
use, and are acquired from the white
man, because the Eskimo has no iron,
and very little wood.
“In Greenland and Labrador Eski-
mos have known white men for nearly
900 years, but there are still, in some
parts of the Arctic, Eskimos who have
seen only an occasional explorer.
White men's diseases have killed more
than two-thirds of all Eskimos since
the first contacts with them, but the
population Is now about stationary.
“Except In Alaska, Eskimos do not
live along regular steamship or tour-
ist routes. The Eskimo seldom can be
northland,
lured a
induced to leave his
the few who ha been
have returned as quickly as possible.”
and
ve
Texans Study Esperanto
Austin—Over eighty University of
Texas students meet In a small room,
with cracked, whitewashed walls, each
night, here, to study Esperanto, the
universal language. No university
credit is given for thelr study.
: POTPOURRI
» Grr rp pp rp pp lp lp le Sp lp pp Dp ppp pple
Cod Fish
4 Commercially, the cod Is one
of the most [mportant fish
They range from 12 to 35 pounds
in weight, although some ex-
ceed 200 pounds. The latter
are over six feet long. On the
American coast they spawn be
tween November and April. A
21 pounds fish will produce 2,700 4
000 eggs In one spawning period,
about 337,000 of which equal a
quart,
(9. 1932, Western Newspaper Union.)
Cllr PPP RP e eer
HOUSEHOLD ITEMS
To make your cut glass sparkle, dip
a small brush in lemon juice and scrub
the glass with It.
. *
A tablespoonful of lemon julce added
to the water In which eggs are poached
will make them firmer.
. - *
One teaspoonful of dissolved gol
atin added to one-half pint of whip.
ADOLPH HUBNER,
DF SAN FRANCISCO, CAL.
PLAYS A VIOLIN
MADE OF SUGAR
@ BOs Fevgye Iptote
NATIVES OF THE
MOZAMBIQUE CHANNEL
ISLANDS, IN THE
INDIAN OCEAN, GET
THEIR DRINKING
WATER FROM)
TURTLES
Qe=
CLARENCE DE MAR
HAS WON THE
BOSTON ANNUAL
MARATHON
7TIMES/ TEER
waning }
ana ast |
THE WOMAN HE |
MARRIES
By THOMAS ARKLE CLARK
Emeritus Dean of Men,
University of Illinois.
.
We
A PAID TESTIMONIAL FOR TARGET!!! ‘’
ARRAN
LL
Girton was talking to me about |
what he would do when he got out of |
college. He is a
little uncertain
about his future.
It is not that he |
has done his work
indifferently. |
Quite the con-
trary. He has had
a really distin-
guished record as a
student, and shows
ability in whatever
he has undertaken
to do. He has
thought some of
teaching, and if he
: should choose that
profession he realizes that it will be
quite necessary for him to go further
In hig education than a mere bachelor's
degree. He hag more than ordinary
opportunities for business
and has given no little thought to doing
that,
“You know I came from the farm”
he said we talking, “and
though I have done no specialization
In agriculture I have & real interest
In farming and a real to go
back to the country, I like farm life,
I enjoy the country and animals, and
the open alr. 1 know that there Is
no chance for a farmer to make a
fortune, but farming Is a healthy,
honorable occupation and I often
reach the conclusion that it is the life
for me.”
I have feit myself,
80 often that 1 could quite appreciate
his point of There 18 much In
farm life that | and I know
well the hard side of farming.
“1 suppose I'm young to think about
these things,” he went on, “but I real
ize that what I go in and the guc-
cess I make of it will depend very
largely on the sort of woman I marry.
You couldn't take every woman to the
farm and make her happy or have her
make you happy. There must be co-
operation and sympathy between 8
farmer and his wife”
The
make a tremend
the man accomplishes,
Men everywhere
through the women they marry.
32. Wests News:
entering .
as were
1
desire
the same way,
view,
enjoy,
10
woman & man marries does
ous difference in what
are made or lost
aper Us .
Goats Clear Land
Hf, ~The of |
its employ 800 goats |
sacramento 4 Kinte
srnia has in
are
which working In Sutter
clearing 200 acres of cut-over land.
county,
;
ping cream will make the cream stiffer
when whipped.
* . *
A pinch of soda added to the water
in which vegetables are bolled makes
them more tender,
. . *
Add a tablespoonful
roast beef or lamb gravy,
a delicious brown.
Chic Suit of White
of cream to
It makes it
s ey i
This trim little sult of white in one
of the new spongy weaves for spring
is worn by Rochelle Hudson, R-K.Q
star, The skirt and Jacket close with
large white button trim. The siik-faced
scarf collar, with its bright ends of
blue and red, carries out the new high
neckline effect, A hat of blue and
white Is worn with this,
BRUSHING
Indo-Europeans of 1700 B. C.,
Did a Thorough Job.
Chicago.~There is nothing modern
about brushing of teeth, for the an-
cient Indo-Europeans of 1700 B. C
made a rite of this particular hy-
gienle act, members of the American
Oriental soclety, meeting at the Ori-
ental institute of the University of
Chicago were told. According to Dr.
George V. Bobrinskoy, assistant pro
fessor of Sanskrit at the university,
the early Indians had no tooth paste,
but they did a thorough job never
theless,
For a toothbrush, the Indo-European
user a twig taken from a living tree,
a species of fig tree being recommend:
ed for the purpose. It was Imperative
that the bark remain on the twig
Another method was to chow twigs or
sticks of cortain varieties of trees.
The “toothbrush” could be used but
once, and then must be disposed of
by leaving it in a clean place,
There was a long Ist of days when
the rite must either be omitted or
performed in a different manner, and
in such cases the cleansing of the
mouth by ringing with twelve mouth-
fuls of water was substituted,
time of the rite was also prescribed,
the teeth being cleaned just before
the bath,
The size of the stick was rigidly
specified, one authority giving the
proper length as twelve angulag long,
an angula being slightly less than
an inch, Other authorities, however,
specified various lengths for the va.
rious castes, the brahmanas using the
longest, of ten angulns,
Yarious prayers were addressed to
the cleaning stick both before and
after its use, and Professor Bobrins.
koy translated one for the assembled
Orlentinlists, an being: “Oh, Lod of
the Forest, grant us long life, strength,
glory, progeny, cattle, riches, und
knowledge.”
The dantadbavana Is mentioned in
early Buddhist literature, the words
“toothpick,” and “toothelenner” ap
pearing frequently. Professor Bob
rinskoy
“There evils, OG monks, re
are five
ing of the tooth stick. Which five? |
mouth becomes evil smelling: the |
taste-conducting nerves of the tongue
are not cleansed; bile nhlegm and i
food cover the tongue over, and one's !
meal does not please one”
Fre EERE
GABBY GERTIE
“Among the pests that cannot be
routed with moth balls or Insect pow.
der, are aunts™
i
i
i
DIDN'T get a cent for
writing this statement
about Target Tobacco... but
Target has saved me half a
buck a week since I started
using it, so you might call this
a paid testimonial,
“Here's the answer. I switched
to Target to save But
I didn’t know I was going to
keep on enjoying real ciga-
rette taste. Target is blended
cigarette tobacco, just like the
ready-mades. And it rolls up
easy with those gummed papers
you get free.
“So I advise you to spend a
dime at your nearest dealer's
and see for yourself. Just think,
you get thirty or more cigar.
ettes from every package.”
AND GET THIS: tscu. 8
Government tax on 20 cigarettes
amounts to 64. On 20 cigarettes
you rofl from Target Tobscoo the
tax ws just about 14. No wonder you
get such value for » dime!
SAVE MONEY
ROLL YOUR OWN
SEE WHAT YOU SMOKE
Wropped in Moistureproof
Cellophone
money
e130
Re] V Va ole Tun
ts
Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp.
Louisville, Kentucky Cross
Improvement Suggested
Joe was parti i of
riely of cho
came all
venience of ti
iariy for
waxed-paper
obliged to lin
ties in the
be no limi
er day when
of waxed paper
called out:
“Stay
ert®
In ear
coed with
marked ruefully
“Why don’t they put
up In sound-proof
Human Transparency
Senator Robinson of Arkanss
iress in Little Rock.
give themselves
through
g said
“Bhirke always
away. They're as easy to se
as Smith,
“Mrs. Smith
small hours:
“‘John, the baby's awake.
“Well, I'm not," Smith whispered
back.”
whispered In the
Height and Intelligence
Investigation of 1,000 children in
Glasgow, Scotland, apparently proved
that there Is a distinct connection be-
tween height and intelligence, which
was more noticeable among boys
than girls,
Call the Town Crier
“Their engagement is still a secret.”
“So everybody is saying."—Ghen
dal Mangwa (Tokyo).
Without a belief in a future state
of punishment, too much strain Is put
on the philosophy of many.
——————
Doesn't civilization include kind.
ness of heart, too?
nakers’s warning, Toke Dr. Morse's
Indion Root Pills to clear your stom.
oth and intestinal tract, A fovored
72 DrMorses
an RADT PILLS
Mild & Gentle Laxative
le