RB FAL war between China and
Japan became during the week
more of a probability than a threat.
Moreover, the situation in the Far
East developed intoa
crucial test of the
worth of the League
of Nations as an
organization for the
preservation of peace,
and made likely an
equally important test
of the value of the
multilateral Kellogg
treaty banning war,
It was believed that,
if the efforts of the
council failed, the
United States and
the league would In-
voke the Kellogg pact, and that if
either China or Japan continued re-
calcitrant, diplomatic relations with
the offending nation might be severed.
The league council resumed its
hearings of the controversy, and Dr.
Alfred Chinese representative,
and Kenkichi Yoshizawa, Japanese
delegate, spoke at length. The former
demanded immediate action by the
league, declaring that a miscarriage
of justice would jeopardize the faith
of the world In Geneva and doom to
fallure the international disarmament
conference next February, Yoshizawa
countered by explaining and defend-
ing Japan's actions in Manchuria and
reiterated the Intention of his gov-
ernment to permit no outside inter-
vention In the dispute. He said the
matter could be settled only by direct
negotiations between Japan and
China. Doctor Sze replied: “China will
never agree to such a course so long
as Japanese troops Invade her soil
and until Japan makes just repara-
tions for the loss of Chinese lives and
property.”
While the debate was in progress
Doctor Sze received word that Jap-
anese army planes had just bombed
two more towns far west of Mukden.
This action, like the bombing of Chin-
chow, was later defended by Tokyo
with the assertion that Chinese had
fired at the planes, which were scout-
ing.
Notwithstanding the strenuous
Jections of Japan, the council voted 13
to 1, to inv United States to
participate in the discussion of meas-
ures to end the hostilities in Man-
churia, This invitation Secretary
Stimson had already said would be
accepted, and Consul Prentiss B. Gil-
bert was on hand to represent this
country though without a vote, Japan,
it was thought, might withdraw from
the league,
The American diplomatic ecommis-
gion Investigating the Manchurian
crisis continued its work, but was for-
bidden by the Japanese to go to Chin-
chow.
Throughout much of China the anti-
Japanese boycott was gaining ground
rapidly, and this especially irked
Tokyo. It became evident that thie
Japanese cabinet,
previously reported
split over the policy §
in Manchuria, had
come together again
and that Premier
Shidehara was sup.
porting the militar §
ists,
It 18 feared by the
Nanking government §
that Manchuria was
definitely lost by
China. Chang Hsuch-
liang, the young gov-
ernor of the province,
appeared to bave been driven out by
the Japanese, who are determined he
shall not re-establish his control there.
This determination was probably the
real reason for the bombing of Chin-
chow, which Chang had made his
temporary capital Civie organiza.
tions In Manchuria appealed to the
Nationalist government to resume re-
lations with Seviet Russia, saying
that only In that way could the an-
nexation of Manchuria by Japan be
prevented. Marshal Chang was mov.
ing his troops to strategic points, and
evidently was backed up by President
Chiang Kal-shek, who has declared
himself prepared to go to war with
Japan if the efforts of the league and
the United States are futile
Alfred
Sze
Sze,
ob-
ite the
Marshal
Chang
PAIN’S national assembly b: an
overwhelming vote adopted an
article In the new constitution « the
republic which declares that “no state
religion exists.” Thus was the Cath-
ollie church divorced from its union
with the state which has existed for
many centuries The article also
bans the church from engaging In
commercial, industrial and education.
al activities,
Another article which would dis-
solve all church orders was rejected,
but one was adopted that provides for
the expulsion of all Jesuits from Spain,
to take place when the constitution
goes into effect. Only the Soclalist
radicals insisted on the wholesale ex.
pulsion of monks and nuns,
The action of the Cortes was fol-
lowed by anti-clerical demonstrations
In a number of cities, and at Santan-
der an attempt wa. made to burn a
Carmelita convent,
Not in sympathy with the action
against the Catholic church and or
ders, President Zamora resigned and
Minister of War Manuel Azana be-
came head of the government.
NCORPORATED under the laws of
Delaware, the National Credit
corporation was prepared to go ahead
with its mission of assisting banks
throughout the country “to utilize
their resources to further the stabiliz.
ation of financial and economlie condl-
tions," The corporation has 12 direc
tors, one from each federal reserve
distriet, and each of them holds one
of the 12 shares of $100 par value,
The funds within which the corpo-
ration will operate will be raised
through the sale of debentures to the
banks of the country on the basis
of 2 per cent of their aggregate de
posits, or the legal limit of Invest-
ments, if that is lower,
These deposits aggregate $43,000.
000,000, Corporations and private
banking firms are expected to sub
scribe for the debentures also and it
is possible that the total funds raised
for the corporation will approximate
$1,000,000,000,
Administration officials In Washing-
ton believe agriculture will share In-
directiy but largely in the benefits
from the operations of the corpora-
tion. Banks In agricultural sections
will be enabled to realize on frozen
assets through services of the bank.
ing pool. Credit thus will be made
available to put banks In a better
position to lend for agricultural! as
well as other purposes. At the same
time banks will be enabled to ease
up on their demands, which will re.
act in turn to lessen the pressure
upon farmers and live stock producers
who have obligations cutstanding
HANCELLOR BRUENING of Ger-
many is now practically the eco-
nomic dictator of his country. He and
President Von Hindenburg are de
termined to save the
reich from the Hitler.
ites, called
and the Communists,
The aged president
announced that he
would accept the
chairmanship of an
economic council
which will assume
dictatorship of the
nation at least for
the coming winter,
but Bruening will be
the real boss, for the
is expected, will work in
with him and bis
Fascists,
Adolf Hitler
council, it
close collaboration
new cabinet,
The council, as conceived by Von
Hindenburg, will be composed of rep-
resentatives of workers, industrialists
and bankers and will thus have the
entire industrial and
framework of the nation under
control
Herr Bruening had already triec to
bring Adolf Hitler to a realization of
his duty to Germany, calling him into
conference and laying before him the
desperate situation. The chancellor
then went before the reichstag and,
boldly defying his political adversar-
ies, presented his program of eco.
nomies, sacrifices and discipline. Its
outstanding points were: Continuation
of the conciliation policy of Strese-
mann; adoption of a plan for the re
demption of the nation's short term in-
debtedness; the maintenance of wage
agreements between capital and labor,
with adjustment to suit existing price
levels; the maintenance of the gold
standard, and the formation of steps
to open the markets of the world to
German goods,
commercial
its
RESIDENT HOOVER and his ad-
visers were studying various
plans for the relief of the railroads,
but nothing was decided on, and if
the Interstate commerce commission
grants the Increase In freight rates
the roads ask, no further steps for
helping the railways are likely to be
taken before congress meets.
HOMAS R. AMLIE, progressive
Republican, was elected to con-
gress by the voters of the First Wis-
consin district to fill out the unex-
pired term of the late Henry Allen
Cooper, mainstay of the La Follette
group In the house. Mr, Amlle, who
lives in Elkhorn and is a lawyer, was
supported by the Ta Follettes. His
closest rival in the election was, sur-
prisingly, A. J. Bouma of Racine, So-
clalist candidate,
Amlie, In his campaign, mnde at-
tacks against the Eighteenth amend.
ment, the Republican tariff and the
administration's handling of the un-
employment problem,
With victory for Amille the lineup
in the house so far is: Republicans,
215; Democratic, 214; Farmer-Labor,
1, vacancies, 5,
RR ENEWALS of short term credits to
Germany and Austrian were voted
by directors of the Bank for Inter.
national Settlements at Basel. Dis.
cussing International finance, he di.
rectors emphasized the Importance of
the forthcoming meeting between
President Hoover and Premier Laval
of France in Washington and the dire
necessity of the two nations reaching
an agreement on world questions of
finance, economies, and international
obligations,
REMIER LAVAL'S visit In Wash-
ington is to be followed by one
from Dino Grandi, Italian minister
for foreign affairs, He was Invited
by President Hoover, and will come
for ten days in the latter part of
November,
M. Laval salled from France on
October 16, accompanied by a number
of assistants and advisers in finance
and economics and also by his charme
ing young daughter,
—
A” THE time of writing it 1s still
unknown whom Governor Larson
of New Jersey will appoint to the
Senate seat left vacant by the death
of Dwight Morrow,
One of the leading
possibilities 8 Ed-
ward C. Stokes, who
was governor of New
Jersey in 10035-1008,
and has always been |
active In Republican
politics of the state,
He is a banker and |
resides In Trenton, |
The governor |
urged to name
Morrow by many ad-
visers, and A. Harry |
Moore, Democratic candidate for Rov.
ernor, sald If she were appointed and
if he she would con-
tinue to hold the place.
E. C. Stokes
were elected,
———
V AR to the knife broke out dur-
ing the week between Gov, Huey
P. Long of Louisiana and Lieut Gov, |
Paul N. Cyr. Though elected on the
same ticket, the two men have been |
personal and political enemies, and
Cyr has tried repeatedly to get Long |
out of the office. His latest coup was |
to take the oath of office as governor |
on the claim that Long was a United |
States senator and therefore not gov |
ernor, This he did at Shreveport, and
Long, who was in New Orleans, heard
Cyr was moving on Baten Rouge, the |
state capital, He raced back by auto.
mobile and called out part of the Na.
tional Guard to repel invasion, but |
the report of Cyr's march proving un-
founded, the militia were sent home, ;
Cyr repaired to his home In south. |
ern Louisiana after sending a letter
to Long formally demanding surren-
der of the governor's chair. Lie sald
if Long refused he would begin ouster |
proceedings.
Ie
HOOVER is becoming an
adept at “christenings” Her
itest in that line was the naming
he American Clips giant Bi
amphibion, in Vashington,
Inrgest built In this
country, accommodates 48 passengers,
The First Lady went to Buffalo on
Wednesday and addressed the national
convention of the Girl Scouts, of which
the honorary
ded the
faces
Peace
HH,
yet
’ ian
ae pane,
ghie Is
She also
house,
river near
organization
president.
Girl Scout
the Ni
¥ 1 ow
bridge,
nted
which
the
Woe
pea
sara
ERE ts more trouble, Indirectly,
for Bishop James Cannon, Jr. of
the Methodist church, South, pillar of
the prohibition cause, Senator Carter
Glass of Virginia, un.
reienting foe of the
bishop, has persuaded
Attorney Ceneral
Mitchell to order an
investigation of
charges made by the
that Harry
i. Goldhurst, the
bishop's stock broker,
paroled
senator
was to be
from prison “in pur
suance of a blame.
worthy agreement
made by Department
of Justice officials In New York and
elsewhere.” Goldhurst was convicled |
of using the mails to defraud, was
sent to Atlanta penitentiary in Oe |
tober, 1029, and last July it was an- |
nounced that he would be paroled on |
April 15, 1932.
The Virginia senator said It was re-
ported that a conference had been
held between Goldhurst, Bishop Can-
non, and an unnamed New York poll-
tician, and that subsequently Gold
hurst changed his plea of not guilty
to one of guilty. This procedure, Sen.
ator Glass intimated, might have been
followed to hide the bishop's bucket
shop speculation. He demanded that
the attorney general learn whether
there had been a promise that inflg.
ence would be used to get Goldhurst
out on parole.
Sen. Glass
HOUSANDS of persons assembled
in Yorktown, Va, and helped in
the elaborate celebration of the 150th
anniversary of the surrender of Lord
Cornwallis to George Washington. On
Surrender day, the final day of the
fote, President Hoover delivered the
main address; and other speeches
were made during the celebration by
Marshal Petain of France, General
Pershing, Secretar, of War Hurley,
Secretary of the Navy Adams and
various other notables. Three thou.
sand officers and men of the army
were there, fully equipped; and In
the York river was the historic frigate
Constitution surrounded by dozens of
the latest war ships of the American
and French navies. The pageants, co-
lonial dances and speechmaking lasted
four days.
Most of the members of Mexico's
cabinet resigned, and In appoint.
ing thelr successors President Ortls
Rublo brought former President Calles
to the fore, naming him minister of war,
(@. 1931, Westerns Newspaper Union.)
Danger Signal in
Fading of Soils
Nature's Warning That Land
May Shortly Become
Unproductive.
(Prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.) WNU Bervice.
When the color of a soll beings to
change from dark to light, the farmer
should look out. A change In the other
direction—from light to dark—usually
indicates Improvement, more organic
matter, But a fading soll In most
cases means fading crop returns. In
central Texas the rolling black lands—
uniformly black--have faded in many
places to gray, yellow, and even al
most white, as If something had drawn
the life blood. And erosion has done
juss that,
Erosion, speeded up by cultivation,
has profoundly altered soll conditions
in the Texas black lands, the bureau
of chemistry and soils of the United
States Department of Agriculture has
This land in -, virgin condition
cotton without manure or
per acre
Now the region is a mixed black,
idly has erosion skinned off the suc
vessive layers of soll from black, al
most superproductive clay on top,
down to white, comparatively unpro-
ductive subsoil. This change has oc
This damage has been cnused chiefly
hy sheet erosion, scarcely noticeable
as it takes place, but which carries off
a portion of the essential topsoil every
Twenty-three tons of topsoil were re.
measurement on an average slope
showed. This single rain affected
3.000.000 acres of Texas land.
Department soll specialists warn
future to protect the erosive slopes of
onst the rolling areas of this great
destruction,
Made Source of Profit
It Is difficult to get rid of the old
idea that straw {8 an encumbrance to
be burned or left to spoil on
ground, Straw has not a high value
the
whether
in the East or West, to turn it back to
the soll in some fashion. The chen
af the Ohlo experiment station points
out
about ten pounds of nitrogen, four of
ist
that each ton of straw contains
phosphoric acid and twenty of potash
Mixed with
absorbent for fertilizing ele
the stable manure It be
Comes an
ments, that would otherwise be lost,
Where live not kept In
sufficient & recently discov.
ered method makes it possible to turn
stock are
numbers
straw into manur~ by the addition of
small quantities of chemicals
Good Feed for Hogs
A mix part
meal to three paris of tankage proved
to be the best high protein feed for
hogs In the 1928 summer tests at the
siation. The
pigs were self-fed on shelled corn and
ture of one linseed ofl)
experiment
clover pasture. The addition of a
little oilmeal to the tankage gave the
daily gain, and produced 100 pounds
In the corn and tankage Jot.
Tankage was a valuable addition to
an early market. Hand
feeding of a limited corn and tank
age ration will make the pigs eat
more pasture and produce a cheaper
but slower gain. This method Is to
be recommended to men who are shor:
of corn and want to make use of the
pew crop.
rushed for
Pink Eye
The Ranch experiment station, near
Sonora, Texas, has found that pink eye
In sheep is infectious and ean be com-
municated by passing a swab from the
eye of a diseased animal to the eye
of a healthy one, resulting in a typical
case of pink eye within three days.
Attempts to transmit pink eye In sheep
to goats by the same method have thus
far falled. A healthy ewe confined in
a fiy-proof stall with a diseased an-
imal developed typleal pink eye after
seventeen days. This ready transmis.
sion of pink eye by contact is In line
with an observed flock of 4.000 head of
sheep which were found to contain four
cases of pink eye, and which three
weeks later showed 200 infected cases.
Pink eye In sheep is not a very com-
mon trouble In the Edwards platean
region. but in the event that cases ap-
pear In flocks, they should be Isolated
As A precaution against further spread.
- Exchange.
Dry, Warm Quarters Needed
Every good hog man appreciates
that it doesn't pay to be remely
careful and conscientious about one
thing, such us a good ration, and at
the same time neglect other important
matters. Water is really a part of
the feed and hogs should have an
abundance of It, with chill removed In
winter. Suitable shelter should be
provided and It doesn't need to be
expensive. An important thing to
keep In mind Is that a hog house
should be dry and free from drafts,
Clover on Soy Bean
Land Will Do Well
Seasonal Conditions Blamed
for Poor Showing.
A number of farmers this year have
reported extremely poor stands of
clover on land that grew soy beans
last year. In one case clover was
seeded In a field that last year pro-
duced soy beans on one-half and corn
on the other. A fair stand was se
cured on the corn land, but there is
no clover at all on the soy bean land.
Keller Beeson, soy bean specialist at
Purdue university, states that he has
had a number of similar reports. He
believes that the dry weather last year
Is responsible for the condition, since
no complaints have been heard in pre-
vious years. Mr. Beeson suys that
last year there were many soy beusn
fields in which nodules did not appear
on the roots In any large quantities,
which means that the plant was forced
to get its supply of nitrogen from the
soll, Instead of taking it from the alr
as it will normally do when inoculation
Is good. And since the plant Is a
Leavy feeder on nitrogen, the drain
on the soil nitrogen would be rather
heavy under such circumstances, With
soil nitrogen seriously reduced, it Is
not surprising that the clover should
have a hard time of it this year,
On the Purdue plots accurate ree-
ords of the stand of clover have been
kept many These
show clearly that clover has
done well following
the Purdue
this year's
is the result of seasonal
and not to any harmful effect of the
s0y bean itself on the following erop
It is well known that wheat on sOy
bean ground usually outyields wheat
following other erops.—Pralrie Farmer.
for years, records
usually
soy beans, and so
are convinced that
unsatisfactory
folks
experience
conditions,
Grain the Spring Pigs
Careful experiments in Ohio
that full-fed pigs require
alfalfa pasture are ready for
butcher. Present low feed prices and
prospects for fair hog prices early
this fall this suggestion most
valuable for Michigan hog feeders this
su er and fall. This full ration pro.
make
prices take their seasonal dip. As 8
consequence of this fact last year the
slow developing animals were sold for
$1.35 per hundredwelight less than did
those getting a full feed of grain with
thelr pasture. —Michigan Farmer.
Limed Corn Worth More
Limestone and clover on farm land
of corn,
J. Banter of
Dr. W. L.
Freeport, ha amples of
mprove h ratein content
Ste ihe
PROT Wilint vy
i n coun
Karcher,
corn from limed
tested
lovered land
and th
not
The oll content of the corn on the
limed land greater,
the protein con sas 12 and the
wineral content was 24 per cent great
er than that grown on unlimed soil.
was also
and
received the I Improvement
per cent
he corn
wy th
rairie Farmer.
e lime
Warm Up
Four
Lambs
lambs come in the severe cold
weather and become chilled give them
a bath in warm Immerse all
but the head in water. Keep
the water warm by adding fresh. Keep
til it becomes
walter,
warm
active,
of J. C. Holbert,
according
State college,
with warm towel until dry,
If lamb iz not chilled enough to re
quire a hot bath it may be revived by
wrapping in a woolen cloth and giving
it » stimulant. Return to its mothe
a8 soon as it shows signs of life
Agricultural Notes
ty, Kansas, has killed practically all
with sodium chlorate in the last two
years,
» - *
The enslling process may be ear
ried on under weather conditions
which would make the curing of hay
Impossible. The feed is stored In a
small space and in an easily access)
ble place.
» ® *
Stinking smut Is a costly pest of
wheat. Treating the seed with copper
carbonate dust will insure a clean
crop. Thoroughly mix the grain with
two and one-half ounces of dust for
each bushel,
* * »
Twenty-two tons of sugar heels per
acre was the yield obtained by the
Ohio state champlon sogar beet grow.
er in 1030. The beets were grown at
a cost of $2.03 per tone and the profit
realized amounted to $100 per acre.
. »
Attempting to prevent pullets from
laying when they are ready to lay may
result In permanent Injury to them.
.- * »
For the second consecutive year the
hay crop of the United States is about
16,000,000 tons under the average for
the past ten years,
- * »
One-tenth of all the hay harvested
In this country is destroyed by £pon-
taneous combustion, says Dr, O A,
Browne of the United States Depart.
ment of Agriculture, bringing a loss of
$20,000.000 to farmers,
Forgoiten
HEROES
B
y
ELMO SCOTT WATSON
“Bayonets of the Revolution”
A T THE Battle of Long Isiand,
August 27, 1776, was one of the
times when the fate of the American
Revolution definitely hung in the bal-
ance, Defeat there not only would
have meant annihilation of the Coni-
nental army, but the capture of Wast
ington and most of his most valuable
leutenants,
That the affalr at Long Island did
not end in a total rout is due mainly
to a young Maryland Jamed
Mordecai Gist. In the absence
one! Smallwood of the First Maryland
regiment and the lienter colonel,
five furious, gallant charges
which held the British In ebeck at a
crucial iter he and
moment. Lat his
and
n Gist and b
as "Lhe
Revolution.®
Gist was born In 1743, snd
0 became nu
with other patriot
in that city in forn
Independent
which he was elected ecaptals
in Maryland to de
rights. When the
‘srry
Compas
regiment, and after
Long Island he was
his
pro-
When
Maryland militia were raised.
Washington put Gist in command to
assist in repelling the British bs way
of the Chesapeake and doing
this Gist joined the main army near
irandywine by cutting iis way
through a detachment of the enety.
In 1770 congress raised Gist to the
rank of brigadier general and put him
after
the Maryland line. which was sent
irther honors at
Of his part In
battle Generzl Lee wrote “Die
Kalb and Gist yet hel
right In
the head of Wil
drove
i the
suspense. 1}
the corps
Rawdon could
brigade of Gist to recede
pressure of
resistance
the surrender of Cornw;
of Washingt
tevolution he
president for Marylar
However, he
in Sot J r
+
fr
1702
Gist’'s patriotism w
only on the hattl
To his
the darkest per
home,
won, he gave the
'
States!
A Winner of the West
lish-speaking people and not
should rule the North American
© ant ut there still
to take inte
rule should be establis
man, traditional ally of
the Conspiracy of ‘ont
was
consideration bef
the
failed but he still “barred 1}
Rix expeditions sent by t
to receive the surrender of t!
d beer
some cases the env
beaten and threatened by
It looked as th
would have to fight
for what he had already. won,
however, Gage,
commander in chief, heeded
Col. Henry
B uquet, the victor at Bushy lun, that
back-in
stripped,
¥& wore
1,
usa
General
Indian agent, be Intrusted with the
task of occupying the western country
bv negotiation.
So Gage supplied Croghan with more
than $15,000 worth of gold, silver and
presents for the tribes in the Illinois
country and in January, 1765, he set
out from Philadelphia in advance of
his convoy of eighty pack horses. Soon
after his arrival at Fort Pitt came the
news that the unruly frontiersmes of
Pennsylvania had attacked his convoy,
seized all the presents, charged him
with corrupt relations with the Indians
and threatened his life If he ever re
turned. Undiscouraged by this, Crog:
han procured new hresents hy giving
his personal note for them and, ac
companied by Delaware, Shawnee and
Seneca chiefs and a few white men,
be set out on his dangerous mission,
A month later his party was at
tacked by hostile Indians and all of
his followers, except two white men
and three Indians, were either killed
or wounded. “I, myself, was toma.
hawked,” wrote Croghan back to Phil.
adelphin, “But my skull being pretty
thick, the hatchet would not enter, so
you see a thick skull is of service on
some occasions.” Finally, after a se
ties of mistreatments and forced
marches in captivity, Croghan reached
what is now Indiana and was finally set
free. Pushing off nie Minols he ut
1“ 4 was able to find Pontiac whom he
won over by his diplomacy so that the
great chief promised that he would ne
longer oppose British occupation of
the West.
(1531, Western Newspaper Union.)