Cattle Owners See
Value of T B Test
Doubters Convinced After
Seeing Officials at
Their Work.
(Prepared by the United States Department
of Agriculture.)—WNU Service.
Cattle owners who doubt. the value
ofy'the tuberculin test are invited to
follow their reactors to slaughter and
see the post-mortem inspection,
Recently L. C. Larson, of Tipton,
Towa, after seeing the slaughter of
some of his fine beef cattle which had
reacted to the tuberculin test, said:
“I'll admit, gentlemen, I had no faith
in the test, but [I want to tell the
world that when one feels as 1 did
about it, all he has to do is to follow
his cattle to slaughter and he will
realize that the government knows
what it is doing.” The story of Mr.
Larson, his brother, 1. 8S, Larson, their
father, and a neighbor, following a
bunch of reactors to the shambles at
Cedar Rapids, was reported to the
United States Department of Agricul.
ture by one of its inspectors in the
field.
The animals were slaughtered at an
establishment where federal meat in-
spection is maintained. In conformity
with federal regulations each animal
was distinctly marked to retain the
{dentity of the carcass and paris
throughout the procedure of slaughter
and post-mortem inspection, which was
conducted by veterinarians trained in
meat Inspection. One carcnss wns
tuberculous to such a degree that it
was condemned In its entirety and de-
stroyed for food purposes, In the
others the disease had not reached a
stage to require the condemnation of
other than lesser parts, One of the
cows had an onen tuberculous lesion
of the udder and therefore had been a
very dangerous source of the disease,
The establishment where the cattle
were slaughtered is one of about 800
fm the United federal
meat inspection is conducted,
The policy of letting cattle owners
gee for themselves ig in line with the
official procedure In testing cattle for
tuberculosis and in disposing of re
actors, department explain.
The state, the federal government, and
local veterinarians are willing to have
any cattle owner see what happens to
his reactors when slaughtered. He
may also examine the records kept at
glanghtering establishments operating
under federal ment inspection to find
what disposition is made of his own
reactors. In other states, as well as
in Iowa, the officials stand behind the
tuberculin test.
Thin Fall and Winter
Apples, Say Specialists
By thinming fall and winter apples,
orchardists can improve the size, color,
and grade of their fruit, according to
specialists in horticulture at the Ohlo
State university, who declare that the
practice does not reduce total yield
and increcses the amount of number
one apples.
Culls which are removed now are
difinitely disposed of, while good fruits
that will grade out continue to grow.
Because of this they believe that thin.
ning should be looked upon as a har-
vesting and not a growing cost,
Other advantages of thinning, de
clare the specialists, are that tree
breakage is reduced, tree vigor is
improved, better control of the second
brood codling moth can be secured,
all fruit handling costs are lowered,
and the apples ripen more uniformly
and require fewer pickings than do
unthinned trees,
It is best. they believe, to remove
all blemished, small, and misshapen
apples and to leave only the best sin-
gle apples in the clusters. For most
varieties an eight-inch spacing is the
most satisfactory,
States where
officials
Better Care of Swine
Results in More Pigs
The Increase this year in the avers
age number of pigs raised per litter
throughout the United States is partly
a result of the more general applica-
tion of the swine-sanitation system, In
the opinion of E. Z. Russell, in charge
of swine investigations for the United
States Department of Agrienlture, who
comments on the department's pig-
survey report for June, This year the
average was 6.04 pigs per litter, an
Increase of 0.07 pig over last year and
0.37 pig over 1020. This is the first
time in nine years that the average
has exceeded six pigs per litter,
“The increase made in the last two
years cannot be credited to any one
factor,” Mr, Russell explain, “but it is
probable that much of the showing Is
due to better management of herds
and especially to the prevention of
worm Infestation of young pigs,
through the use of the swinesanita-
tion system. The favorable weather
conditions during the spring farrow.
ing semsons both this year and last
was, nd doubt, a great help in prevent.
ing pig losses everywhere”
{
! Sweet Clover Spreads
In the early days sweet clover was
used mainly as a pasture or as a
means of restoring fertility to solls
that had been depleted by long-contin-
ued cropping with corn and small
grain, but at present it is well estab.
lished as a regular crop on farms In
many sections of the corn belt. Its
outstanding value as a pasture and
soll-improving crop, the relative cheap-
ness of seed, and the ease with which
it may be fitted into established erop-
Fall Best Time for
Preparing for Lawn
Moist Weather Conditions
Make for Rapid Growth.
The fall season is a much better
time for the sowing of grass seed and
the building of a lawn than is the
spring, according to G. M. McClure,
specialist In soils at the Ohlo State
university, who says that lawn grasses
grow best under cool, moist condi
tions, such as are likely to occur dur-
ing September and October,
The growth of young grass seeded
in September, he asserts, is less ham-
pered by weeds than is grass sown in
the spring. Most weeds have sprouted
earlier in the season and have been
cultivated out during the preparation
of the seed bed. Another réason for
fall seeding is that the grass stools
or tillers out during this season, and
consequently establishes itself before
the advent of freezing weather. With
such a start the grass begins growth
early in the spring and is able to
compete with weeds which begin
growth upon the arrival of warm
weather,
Grading is the first operation in
starting a new lawn, he says. If the
final grade must be lower than the
present one, from four to six inches
of surface soll is removed, the grade
established by removing the subsoil,
and the surface soll replaced to make
the final grade,
SCENES OF HORROR
AS CHOLERA RAGED
Recalled by Anniversary of
Great Plague.
In the early summer of 1831 there
began to appear in the London
Times messages and articles which
introduced a new heading in the
Times Index-—one which was to
have an increasingly grim “signifi-
cance for many months, In the sum-
mer and autumn of that year, 14
years after the first appearance of
cholera near Calcutta, it was
brought home to English people
that no country was secure against
the inroads of the disease. Its first
appearance in 1817 had been fol
lowed by a western march on two
lines: cholera was reported from
lJombay in 1818 and from Madras
shortly afterward. In 1810 it reached
Ceylon and spread thence and from
Indian over eastern Asia and the is-
lands of the Indian ocean. Another
great leap had been taken by 1821,
when it was so virulent In Muscat
that the survivors did not trouble
to bury their dead, merely wrapping
them in mats and setting them adrift
in the harbor.
By 1828 Syria was reached and
Europe was threatened. Then, by
one of the strange chances In the
history of the disease, [ts course
seemed to be stayed. It disappeared
the area and it to the
gired grade,
Soy Beans Make Good
leveling
H. WW. Hulbert, head of the department
The success of
the crop depends on the selection of
varieties and the use of inoculation.
Experiments conducted at Lengre in
co-operation with H. L. Stafford, a
farmer of that district, and J. W,
Thometz, Nez Perce county agricuitur-
al agent, furnished much Infor
mation regarding varieties adapted to
this area. Minsoy and Wisconsin
College of Agriculture,
have
the higher elevations along the Clear.
water river. [Ito San wil
the middle elevations, while Mancha
and Habero are best for the lowest and
warmest sections. If a hay crop Is de-
sired, Chestnut or Manchu varieties
should be selected. The choice of va-
grown in the United States,
grown as a supply crop for “hogging
off,” or feed for other live stock. They
add materially to the value of the ra-
tion when “hogged off” in combination
with corn and supplemented with bun-
die grain. The meal and ground beans
make an excellent grain ration feed
for all kinds of live stock. The hay Is
nearly equal to alfalfa for milk produc.
tion.
Best Results Produced
by Coarse Fertilizer
Is a finely ground fertilizer better,
from the standpoint of availability to
the plant, than a fertilizer compound
of ccarse granules or particles? The
answer, commonly affirmative, may
have to be revised if Indications from
preliminary tests by Prof. 8. D. Con-
ner, of Purdue university, are con-
firmed. Professor Conner fertilized
corn in the hill with a complete fer.
tilizer In granular or pellet form, and
also with the same
ground, applied in the same way and
at the same rate,
have
plants than the finely ground fertilizer,
in the soll
the granules, leaving a larger propor
tion of the plant food free for use by
the plant. Professor Conner points
out that thi. condition may not hold
for all fertilizers In all solls, but nev.
ertheless may be an important consid.
eration in the use of certain types of
fertilizers.—Fertilizer Review,
FARM HINTS
Apples exported from the United
States last year were valued at nearly
$20,000,000.
* ® 9
Poisoned bran mash is the best bait
to use for saving cultivated crops
from grasshoppers,
* & »
There is less waste and less Inef.
ficiency on the average farm than In
most city offices and shops.—Country
Home,
® &
Marshal county (Tennessee) farmers
this year. harvested 4,150 acres of al
falfa. Five years ago the crop cov
ered less than 100 acres,
.
Corn grown at the University of
Florida experiment station last year
reached a height of 15 feet and yield.
ed eight tons of sfiage an acre,
.
The vigorous perennial root systems
of thistles, dandelions, ete, help them
to renew until repeated de
in Turkey, where no precautions,
sanitary or otherwige, had been tak-
en: but it began to push north and
west again, after ravaging Persia
and the lands south ff the Caucasus
for some years. Thc mortality was
very high. In Russia in a short
space over 335,000 people were at-
tacked; more In
Cairo and Alexandria 30.000 were
swept away in 24 days. In Russia
and Hungary horrible barbarit
were committed. In Hungary it was
and land-
rivers:
ar
than 250.000 died.
ies
believed
owners
in revenge many
the nobles
were poisoning the
out and torture
rompant, was raised In St
The cry
Petersburg that the
in the hospital
were killing the Rus-
get a double guarantee —
mail-order tire can offer —
gian sufferers: hospitals were sacked
and the doctors dragged through the
streets; infection was let loose on
the city.
In the autumn the plague had real
ly established {iself in England for
the first time (if we exclude the be-
lief that some of the “plagues” of
previous epochs may have been chol-
ern). The time was one of general
disturbance; hut public excitement
was diverted by the news that chol-
era had appeared in Sunderland.
Early In February there were cases
at Rotherhithe, in Limehouse, and
in a ship off Greenwich, “amongst
the lowest and most wretched
classes, chiefly Irish,” and the first
attempt to organize a local board
of health was not very successful,
“as they met at a public house and
all drunk and did nothing.''—
London Times,
got
Sticker for Auntie
Aunty had taken little Danny to
the park and he was greatly interest-
ed In all that he saw, and especially
in the animals and the fish in the
aquarium, It wag on the way home
that he demanded:
“What are cubs? I heard people
talking about them but 1 didn't see
any.”
“Oh, yes yon did,” replied the
aunt. “Baby seals and baby bears
are called cubs, just as baby cats are
called kittens and baby dogs are
called pupples.™
Danny pondered over this Informa-
tion for some time and then asked:
“Aunty, what they call baby
| camels?”
do
So Consoling
Hortense—And never told
me what he thinks of me, you know.
Marjorie—Well
walling
my dear.
he has
«1
until he g
New B
perhaps he is
ts another girl,
In Evidence
Bar @®
er WN
Nobody
el
to pick up the p
$
refuse,
either,
ERRORS THAT BRING
JOY TO COLLECTORS
Blunders are frequently expensive,
Sometimes they have a high market
value, ag in philately, One day in
1918, when the bureau of engraving
and printing was wool-gathering, it
printed the 24.cent alr mail stamp
with the airplane upside down. One
legend has it that an ingenuous
voung man bought a sheet of 100 of
the stamps and returned them be-
cause they were Imperfect, But the
accredited version is that he was a
canny young man, and having pald
24 for the sheet, he sold it to a great
snapper-up of rarities, Col. E. H, R,
Green, for $20,000. From Colonel
Green's hoard a few of the stamps
have been detached, A block of four
has just been bought by John Aspin-
wall, of Newburgh, for £15,000, The
extravagant fondness of collectors
for printers’ errors makes them the
prizes of notable albums, Dearer
than crown jewels to King George is
his 4-penny western Australia stam)
with the swan inverted and his 4-
penny of the same [ssue
name “Australia” in half-gized let-
ters, He is almost as proud of a
%-penny stamp with the watermark
placed sideways, But nothing in the
philatelic world iz so adored as the
jritish Guiana 1-cent of 1856, owned
by Arthur Hind of Utica; it is a
unique specimen printed in the color
of the 4-cent stamp—a drab-looking
color, too, and as “ornery” a stamp
in appearance as one could hope to
see, For this incomparable relic Mr.
Hind pald $320500, and it will hold
the primacy, for it is impossible that
a more obscure unduplicated stamp
can come to light —New York Herald
Tribune,
Had Some Knowledge
In the admitting room of the De-
troit receiving hospital, a nurse was
taking the history of a patient who
had been shot. His name, age and
address had all been given, He said
he was married and gave his wife's
name, He was asked if his wife knew
that he was shot. The patient re-
torted: “She ought to—she's the
one who shot me!"
With some people life appears to
be a continuous sleep,
He who Is ashamed of his calling
has no call to follow,
with
Soap 25¢. Ointment 25¢. and S0c.,
Malden, Mass.
First Concrete Road
vad of any con
that no
because
antee the tire!
ing uniform-quality tires of
valu
Service-Giving Dealers and
Stores at lowest prices.
pro
one
atest Firestone Service
Service
Tires.
PRICES
He has
Firestone
ler.
MAKE OF TIRE
can sie
4.40-21la.9
4.50- haa
4.50210
75-16
5-20
1
}
5 SIE J «
Olds "ble. P «25-1
Auburn.
16.00.18
Fram
Hudson...
Hup mbl
oe
Packard.
Pierce A,
JA
. 4
bE mm
]
=
a
FP FL 5
1
A
- wo
7
UNDER THE
———
|
8. WH 17.30
475-59 Tire
Firestone
Oldfield
J
11 MER XL.
gil. whe
11.47}
11.65
‘yivestone
struction of the tops at every fresh ap
pearance, starves them, |
ping systems make It valuable,