HAT conference
at Chequers par-
ticipated in by Chan-
cellor Bruening, For-
eign Minister Curtius,
Prime Minister Mac
Donald and Foreign
Secretary Henderson
has given rise, nat-
urally, to vast quan-
tities of comment,
criticism and specu-
lation. The gentlemen
F. M. Sackett named agreed to an-
swer no questions as to the topics of
conversation and the results, giving
out a noncommittal communique which
said Great Britain and Germany
would “endeavor to deal with the
oresent crisis in close colluboration
with other governments concerned.
Of course reparations was one of the
chief toples, and the Germans stressed
Germany's alleged inability to carry
on under the Young plan. Moreover—
and this is of direct interest to the
United States—Bruening was under
stood to have the ald of the
British statesmen in sounding Ger
many's ereditor pat
ica, on the possibility of
ng reparations payments, The under-
lying hope of Germany, as expressed
by the Berlin press, is that
Sam will revision or
celiation of reparations, and the
asked
especially
defer-
ions,
can-
old
the
consent a
proposition of cancell: m of all
- debts owed to Awerica naturally
wed up again,
1 and returning
home on the Europa, were pleased to
have as a fellow passenger Frederic
M. Sackett, the American ambassador
to Berlin, and it was believed they
took the opportunity to teil him frank.
ly what they hoped America would do
in the way of helping Germany out of
its sl despond. Also, they
are looking forward to conversations
with Secretary of the Treasury Mellon
and Secretary of State Stimson, both of
¥
are to be
whom in Europe this sum-
mer. It was made plain to correspon-
dents that the Germans hope to con
vince the Americans that, since Ger
many cannot now raw ma-
terials from America, is a di
rect connection between the economic
purchase
there
crisis and reparations.
French government, according
Minister Briand, will not
y international confer
revision of the repara-
tions and the Young plan.
Briand told the chamber of deputies
that “there can be no question of re
vising Young plan, since it has
a definite character and contains in
itself possibilities for Germany.”
Chancellor Bruening's tax
published just before he went to Eng-
land, are denounced by nearly all the
influential German newspapers as
brutal, unjust and an Imposition on
the salaried and impoverished classes,
The
to Foreign
be led
ence for the
Testi ” -
into any
scheme
the
decrees,
S ECRETARY OF
the Navy Charles
Francis At 12, Ad
miral illiam V.
Pratt, chief of naval
operations, and other
high officials of the
navy were the week-
end guests of Presi
dent Hoover at the
Rapidan fishing camp,
and Immediately aft-
er returning to his of-
fico Mr. Adams called
in all the chiefs of
branches and told them
have to formulate plans
economy in the department in order
to comply with the wishes of the
President. Among other promises of
the secretary is the pledge to cut by
$15.000,000 the appropriations voted
for the year 1932 by congress; and
this means the navy will have to get
along on about $40,000,000 less than
the amount voted by congress for
naval activities during the present
Year.
' Mr. Hoover
Secretary
Adams
they would
for greater
asked the navy to
abandon the island of Guam as a
naval base, and this was agreed to
although the saving there will not he
largé., Reductions in naval personnel
at Guam have been going on for some
time. At present the navy maintains
57 officers and 615 enlisted men and
marines at this point. Of this number
170 enlisted men are stationed abeard
the Penguin, a mine sweeper, and the
Gold Star, a station ship.
HERE are now 20620071 persons
ain, according to official reports, the
number having increased by 123.034
within a week. In Germany, though
the jobless at the end of May num
hered 4.007.000, conditions seemed to
be improving, since ahout 322000 of
the unemployed found work’ during
that month.
REMIER BENNETT of Canada
told the house of commons that
the Imperial economic conference
which was to have been held in Ot
tawn next August had been postponed
until next year. He sald Australia
had used this because of the uncer.
tain position politically In that coun.
try. and that New Zealand had stated
that parliament probably would be
fo session In August and it was doubt.
ful whether a ministerial representa.
tive could be present,
MES ELLA A. BOOLE of Brook
Iyn, N. Y.,, was elected president
of the World Woman's Christian
Temperance union at {ts convention
in Toronto, She has been vice presi:
dent and succeeds Miss Anna Adams
Gordon of Evanston, Ill, who was
forced by illness to retire from the
presidency after nine years in that
office, Mrs. Louls McKinney of Clares.
holme, Alberta, was chosen first vice
president. Mrs. Emilie J, Solomon,
Cape Town, South Africa, and Miss
Maria Sandstrom of Stockholm, were
re-elected second and third vice presi
dents, Miss Ages Black, England, re
tains an honorary secretaryship and
Miss Margaret Munns of Evanston,
Ill, was re-elected honorary treasurer,
ENNESSEE'S lower house has re-
fused to impeach Gov. Henry H.
Horton, rejecting all the eight articles
offered by a committee, the charges in
which grew out of the bank failures
of last fall which tied up about 87,
000K) of state money. The Horton
faction won by a vote of 53 to 45.
F THE gangsters
of Chicago are fi-
nally routed, much of
the credit must be
given to George E, Q
Johnson, United
States attorney for
that district. Already
he has secured I
victions against m
of the “public e
ples,” and nis latest
or achievement is
Col
George E. Q.
Johnson
the indictment of
that
himeolf
mse.
number one
unsavory list, Al Capone
“Scarface” Is accused, as were most
of defrauding the gov-
the pasment of
and the
cutors believe they have a sure case
against him, so sure that they will
not agree to leniency in case Capone
pleads guilty, which is considered like
iy. The boss gangster surrendered
omptly after the Indictment was re
urned and was released on bonds, It
irged that he owes the govern
£215.080, and it was expected
he would “tender payment of the
amount in the hope of mitigating his
sentence,
of the others,
ernment by
¥ evading
income taxes
federal prose
ment
Mr, Johnson's assistants, it was ar-
mitted, difficulty
in finding Capone's alleged hoarded
wealth, for most of the properties
which he 8 supposed to are in
the names of other persons. A Miam!
represented Capone on
sued him for
and began
were having some
,
own
has
for services
proceedings to seize his Miami Beach
mansion on an attachment,
several occasions
250 (00) i
fosenn
egal
host
HILADELPHIA was
the week to some S000 physic
from all parts of the country, mem
bers of the American Medical assocla-
tion, For two days the house of dele
gates busy determining matters
of policy and electing officers, and
was
association, each ol which represents
a separate branch of medicine, Hun.
dreds of papers were read and dis
cussed and there vere many clinical
lectures by leading authorities.
ROSPECTS
renewed
between the Itallan
government and the
Vatican were bright.
Two notes and a
memorandum from
Cardinal Pacelli,
papal secretary of
state, were finally
answered in a note
which, though it prof.
fered no formal apol-
ogy for Fascist at-
tacks on churches and churchmen,
was regarded as conciliatory. The
Italian government expressed regrets
at the incidents, which, it sald, were
caused by Fascist reaction to news
that Catholle Action was plotting
against the Fascist regime, and prom.
ised to phish the gullty if they could
be found and to try to prevent repeti-
tions. The note then made two pro
tests on behalf of the government. It
repeated the charges of political antl-
Fascist activity of Catholic Action,
and it objected to the Vatican's ef-
forts to enlist the sympathy of the
whole world in ts ecause--this refer.
ring to the almost dally speeches
made by Pope Plus.
Mussolini still insists on the dis.
solution of Catholic Action, and the
pope has recognized this stand by
starting the organization of new
Catholic clubs throughout the coun
try. Nego@iations between Rome and
the Vatican probably will be contin.
wed for some time and rupture of
diplomatic relations which neither
side wants, Is no longer feared,
for
peace
Pope Pius XI
NOCREASE of crime In the United
States, the reasons therefore and
possible means of betterment are
trented In a 300 page report by the
Wickersham commission to President
Hoover and by him given to the pub-
lie. The appalling growth of criminal
ity, according to the commission, is
largely the result of ineffectiveness of
criminal justice which is attributable
to procedure unsuited to modern con.
ditions, to incapacity of prosecutors,
to the subjection of prosecutors to po-
litical organizations affiliated with
eriminals, and to the lack of scien
tifle treatment of criminal tendencies
of individuals In formative stages.
The commission declared It was in
substantial accord with the following
major findings of several state sur-
veys:
“Juvenile delinquency is the heart
of the problem of crime prevention,
“Careful working methods and ad-
ministrative practices in nolles, ac
ceptances of plea of lesser offense,
and other forms of dismissals and dis-
positions without trial, whereby the
responsibility for these dispositions
will be definitely located, careful rec
ords will be required, and the dis
position will be based on thorough
inquiry and on definite principles.
“Abolition of requirement of grand
jury indictment in every felony case.
“Right of the accused to waive trial
by jury.
“Increase of judges’
the conduct of the trial.
“Development toward
state supervision of the
tion of criminal justice
part.”
Five recommendations submits
ted “applicable generally to substan
tially all the state, pointing out the
lines to be followed In attempts to
hetter gystems of prosecution”
’
recommendations
Bre
unre.
control over
centralized
administra.
in all Its
are
local
These
“1. Elimination, so far as may be
possible in our system of government,
of political considerations in the selec-
tion and appointment of
triet attorneys and prosecuting officers
and of upon
federal dis-
appointments based
ical activity or
Better selec
tion and tenure of prosecutors in the
and for the
ization, personnel, tenure, and yi
Tf of
Service,
provision for the
states especially organs
pensation of the sta the prose-
cutor's office,
“3. Such an org:
legal profession in eac
the
as shall
and
en-
nization of
h state
ingare competency, character,
line among those who are
gaged in
“4. A systematized cont
the eriminal courts.
rol of proses
cutions in each state under a director
of publie
lent
prosecutions or some equiva
tenure and
res) onsie
with secure
and
official,
trated
. Provision for legal interrogat
of accused persong under suitab
safeguards.”
riner eme
Austria,
was a visitor in Rome
and aroused a great
deal of interest and
speculation concern.
ing her purposes,
was granted an
BR J ITA, 1
- press of
ence with Po
and
n private for nearly
wir, after which
d a long cone
with
with Car.
Archduke
Otto ;
papal
was reported
aid of the Holy
restoration of her son,
Archduke Otto, to the throne of
trian.
Another rumor in Rome
Zita was there In the hope of arrang-
ing a marriage Otto and
Princess Maria, youngest daughter of
the king and queen of Italy. In semi-
but well informed circles It
was said no consideration would be
given to such a proposal at the pres
ent time: but If the young archduke
ever is permitted to mount the Aus
trian throne—which is
house of Savoy might
marriage,
was that
I
between
official
agree to the
N AJ MAURICE CAMPBELL,
AYR former prohibition administrator
in New York, has announced that he
has filed with President Hoover
charges against Seymour Lowman, as
sistant secretary of the treasury, for.
merly in charge of prohibition en-
forcement. whom he accuses of being
derelict in his duty. Campbell says he
made the complaint against Lowman
some time ago and It was turned over
to Secretary of the Treasury Mellon,
who refused to take any action; so
now he alleges In his letter to the
President that Mr. Mellon took ads
vantage of his official position to con.
ceal facts and thus shield a govern.
ment official “who Is derelict in his
office.” Last year Campbell published
a series of syndicated press articles
wanich purported to show that Lowman
had urged him to relax prohibition
enforcement during the 1028 Presi-
dentia’ eampaign,
EN. CHIANG KALSHEK, head
of the Chinese Nationalist gov-
ernment, believes the Communist
bandit menace Is the gravest problem
facing the Chinese people; so he haw
taken the field personally against the
robber bands that are terrovizing
Kiangsl and Hunan provinces and has
uppenled to his fellow officers of the
Nationalist army to give him all thelr
help in the suppression of commun.
fem. In a public statement General
Chiang charged the Canton insure
gents with making tools of the mili
tary forces regarding the recent Can.
tonese charges against himself that
he was trying to become the military
dictator. To refute these charges he
promised that If he were successful
in eradicating communism he would
divest himself of all military power
and retire to his farm in Chekiang
province, If he failed, he sald, he
would die on the battlefield. '
(6, 1931, Western Newspaver Union.)
Willig
SA FARLANE
By JOHN D. GRANT
RAWN ¥
will not mal
plons wi
gight It is
gain eminence in any of the
sports that are most [x
lar with the public today.
The ability to see a fast
ball quickly and accurate
iy has made Babe Ruth the
“home run king” and Helen
Wille the “tennis
declares David Resnick, staff associate
of the National Society for I're-
vention of Blindness,
The American public loves to create
heroes for itself in the different fields
of sport, and Babe Ruth is one of the
most popular of these national idole
It is possible that some of our read
ers, who never glance at the sporting
columns, may not know about this
Ruth person, #0 we will enlighten
them briefly, Babe Ruth started out
as a ‘plicher, and he was an excep.
tionally good one. It was not long
before his ability as a batter became
noticeable and it was decided that he
was too valuable in that capacity to
repose on the bench a large part of
imposs ible
"
seen
queen,
the
the time, so they made an outfielder
of him, He Immediately started in the
business of manufacturing home runs,
He turned them out with such per.
sistent regularity that the sporting
writers began to take notice and dig
into their records, They had to throw
them away because the Babe made
new ones, and continued to do so
until temporary incapacity curtailed
his output,
What has enabled Babe Ruth to
achieve his reputation on the dia.
mond? Some people will say that it is
his powerfal swing of the bat, made
possible by gredt strength in his arms,
This is true, but equally important is
the good eyesight which is essential
when a fast ball is coming toward the
man at the bat,
It is not only the sturdy arms of
Helen Wills, but it is also her steady
eye that make her queen of the tennis
court, Bill Tilden, Jack Dempsey,
Bobby Jones and the other topnotch.
ers in the field of sport owe their rep-
utations and success largely to the
fact that they are blessed with healthy
eyes ns well as strong bodies,
eyesight Is also important to
the thousands of sport fans who go to
watch thelr favorites perform. One
cannot truly enjoy any athletic game,
whether in playing or watching, un-
one has clear vision
ithout such good that a
serie situation may be seen acey-
ily and understood at a moment's
any
sport. ional athletes real-
(Good
I
evi sight
giance, one cannot acquire skil
ize this, and therefor
caution to
conaition,
, take every pre.
keep heir yes In good
Bometimes it is necessary
but
does not mean iat his days of
for the athlete to glasses,
this
usefulness on the fleld are past
few
ball players in the
find it necessary to
Lee an out.
standing pitcher in the National league
It is interesting to note that a
of the
best known
ma jor
wear
leagues
glasses, Mendows,
for =«
pitcher's box.
1
them Is Vie
veral years, wore glasses in the
other pitcher who
wenrs
troit
Sorrell of the De.
t, who Is one of this year's
SOeTER and
MacFayden are worn on the
baseball field also by Chick
fielder of the St. Louis Card
by Mark Koenig
sit team in the American league,
is rather well known in New
‘ork city where he was shortstop for
Hafey
fielders in
Others are Toporcher
sin asen
shortstop of the
he Yankees for several years
and Koenig are the
baseball to wear glasses while playing.
other sports
In tennis, for instance, Watson
Washburn, wi X years
nber Rtates Davis
first
(slasses are worn in
niso
3
for several
0 WAR
of the United
has worn glasses on the
sirt for fn Or '
ong time. And In
1
tional open champion and
fessional In Westchester of
York, usuoally wears
playing
in colleges ar
United
re specially oa
out the
tore a
1h TR O
identalls
5 IR Ind girls
age seem to be most
to accidents that involve
eye injuries. Perhaps this 18 so he
cause they are vers
The National Soc for the Pre.
vention of Blindness, in a survey of
eye accidents, found a strange variety
of hazards In athletics, in the home,
and especially in indastry, There was
a record of a painful injury when, in
wrestling, one boy's found its
way into one of his apponent’s eyes,
Also, there was the incident of one
basketball player who apparently con-
fused the eyes of another player with
the basket at which he was supposed
to be aiming. One university student
wast so confident of his own abilities
that he took off his mask while fence.
ing and had one eye put out by his
opponent's foil.
In many sports there are chances
of injuring the eyes with a ball—golf
ball, tennis ball, baseball, handball,
basketball, football and others. But
in golf, aside from the danger of being
struck by the ball, inquisitive persons
school
sgeceptible
active at that age.
ety
finger
Pn tee anny,
ey
{9
NN
Lee
MEADOWS
occasionally
ting «
Rr Ww
S| -
he rr
her
3
this curiosity as to
golf ball has a
danger.
Among
portant
the realistic cowboy, Indian
etoer
the gn
CRUReR
games which make
the actual use of air rifles, bis
fois, or and
fashioned slingshot has not gone out
of existence either. Apparently t}
fire many parents who do not rea
the obvious mistake in trusting
such
these,
hows Arrows
dren with dangerous
weapons as
In case of an accident to the eyes,
it is well to know exactly what to do
There are three carding
of first ald after eye juries. The
first of these is cleanliness; next,
prompt rest for the eye: and, third,
medical care directed by a competent
physician, preferably an oculist
principles apply even if the injury is
slight, and ther are imperative with
serious eye injuries,
1 principles
These
Old Myth Telling of
Animals’ Theft of Fire
This myth goes back for its begin
nings to a time when there wese no
people in the world, Animals and
trees talked and walked about just
as men do now, But there were gall
ing monopolies even in those days
Pine trees had all the fire there was,
The animals stood it as best they
could, until one long, cold winter when
they almast froze to death, Then they
enlled a council and planned to steal
fire from the pines,
Word came of a council of pine
trees on the banks of the Grande
Ronde river, where they had built a
great fire to warm themselves, So a
beaver swam over there and hid un
der the bank where the guards could
not see him, After a long time a live
conl left the fire and rolled down the
bank, where It was caught by the
beaver who hid it in his breast, Theh
ran very fast, dodging this way and
that, Pine trees nearly caught him,
Finally the larger and older trees
grew tired and stopped on the river
banks, where they are so thick that
even now it is difficult to find a way
through them. But a few pine trees,
more agile than the rest, kept on, and
the beaver was hard
pressed he swam across the river and
gave fire to the willows and the
birches, That is why fire can be got
from: these woods by rubbing sticks
together Exchange,
Famous Botanic Garden
The Botanle garden in Washington
was established by the Columbian In-
stitute for the Promotion of Arts and
Sciences, Incorporated by an act of
congress April 20, 1818. The present
site was granted by congress in 1820
and there {8 a tradition that George
Washington contemplated the estab
lishment of gardens In this locality.
Up to 1838 no improvesaents had been
made. The tract was a staghant and
malarial swamp and congress was
prevailed upon to make an appropri
ation of £5,000 for improvements, The
real beginning, however, of the Botan-
fe garden dates from the Wilkes ex-
ploration expedition of 1838 to 1842.
The staff included a botanist, W. D.
Breckentidge, who brought back from
nn expedition to the South seas a
large collection of specimens, includ
ing seeds and cuttings. This formed
the nucleus of the botanical collec:
tion,
Insists Lower Animals
Know Little About Pain
According to an article by Dr. Har
old Jackson of the moological depart
ment of London university, a lobster is
not hurt by throwing it into belling
walter, any more than a telephone in-
strument is pained by being banged
on the floor. He claims that pain is
an entirely relative term and except
for ourselves, our near relatives and
possibly the most artificial domestic
animals, It does not exist in the mean-
ing we give the word, “Pain in most
lower animals acts ag a sort of burglar
alarm, which has no feeling of itself
but gives notice that something defi-
nite is wrong and van probably be set
right by certain standardized actions.
If animals really had the sensitive
feelings that are sometimes attributed
to them, what a horrible agony life in
natural conditions wonld be for them.
What nonsense it 1s to talk about the
agony of a lobster being plunged alive
into boiling water.” While canned lob
sters are largely used today, there is
still a demand for the fresh lobsters,
which are d alive and are con-
venlently by putting in boiling
water, & process which changes the
green shells to an attractive red