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NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
Taking of Fifteenth Decen-
nial Census Under Way
With New Features.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
§ bis SAM is counting his nephews
and pieces and finding out a lot
about their prosperity or lack of it.
In other words, the fifteenth decen-
nial census is being
job will be finished in the cities with-
in two weeks of the start, and in the
rural districts within one month.
Besides population, this census in-
cludes unemployment, agriculture, Ir-
rigation, ro, manufactures, min-
ing, and distribution. The distribution
which is a new feature, will be
T™hia fe
taken. his big
Census,
made up of statistics of goods sold by
wholesale and retail merchants and
dealers and of the number of persons
employed Unemployment,
considered as a subject of
Inquiry, a
the
a single question asking the number
of months in which persons have been
unemployed during the year.
For the first time each is
asked whether it owns or its
home, the value of the home or how
much rent is paid. Another new ques-
tion concerns the age of each indi-
vidual at first marriage, and a third
question, “Is there a radio set in your
home?’ Answers to these questions
in trade.
separate
Iso is new, although some of
previous censuses have included
family
rents
the United States,
It will be interesting to
the results of the count with the fig-
ures given by the census clock, an
Ingenious piece of mechanism in the
office of the director of the census in
Washington. At one minute after
midnight on April 1, when the census
started officially, this clock gave the
population of the United States as
122,186,803.
The enumerators actnally began
their work on April 2, and at one
o'clock that afternoon President
Hoover met J. Sterling Moran, super-
visor for the District of Columbia,
outside the White House and handed
him a filled out family schedule.
Everything In it was confidential, as
is the case with the replies of every
other person in the country.
Missouri, New Jersey and Idaho con-
tested for the honor of having com-
pleted the first district in the census.
Centertown, Cole county, Mo., which
takes its name from the fact that it
is the exact geographical center of
the state, telegraphed its claim to be.
ing the first town to complete the
task, to census headquarters. Con-
testing that honor was Kootenal coun-
ty, Idaho, which reported the enumer-
ation there completed at 9:30 a. m,
Morris township, Morris county, N. J,
finished early In the afternoon.
compare
HOUGH wet and dry figures are
not included In the census, those
supplied by the Literary Digest's na-
tional straw vote are being given out
dally and are apparently significant
enough to give the supporters of pro-
hibition in its present form consid-
ernble concern. Dry leaders protest
that this poll is unfair, and Senators
Jones and Dill of Washington as-
perted in the senate that the ballots
were sent mostly to men, Mr. Dill
asked the Digest editor whether wom-
en were being discriminated against
and was told that the ballots were
sent to the same persons who got
them in a Presidential election poll
in 1028,
Because of the consideration of the
tariff bill on the floor of the house
of representatives, the judiciary com-
mittee's hearings on the Eighteenth
amendment were suddenly halted, Dr,
F. Scott McBride, superintendent of
the Anti-S8aloon league, and four other
dry leaders were permitted to insert
thelr statements in the record, but the
wets, much to thelr disgust, had no
opportunity to cross examine them,
The keynote of all the statements
was sounded by Doctor MeBride In
this sentence: “Prohibition at its
worst, even in the worst cities and In
the worst places within these cities,
is better than the old-time licensed
Hquor traffic at its best.”
Doctor McBride declared that the
wets have falled to prove their major
contentions —— that the Eighteenth
amendment falls to contribute most
effectively toward the solution of the
liquor problem; that the people are
asking for repeal, and that they, the
wets, have a constructive program
upon which they can unite,
JF OlloWING several hours of dis
cussion, the house by a vote of 421
to 153 approved of a special rule to
send the tariff bill to conference, The
rule made no mention of the verbal
understanding that before final action
the conferees
asked in the
jumber and
appointed
is taken by
votes will
cement,
separate
be
sugar,
The
President «
worth were the
the senate
house
conferees
and
ranking
committee
and
They include none of
‘urtis Speaker
members of
and of the
commit
ways means
the so-cul
radicals.
sponsor of the pending
for government operation of
cle Shoals ject, in
anded that the
federation
its Washington
had been ex-
lobby investigating com-
traitor to farmers’
Nebraska
co-operation
River Improvement
a lobby in behalf of the cyan
for Muscle Shoals formerly
by C. HH. Huston, Repub-
committee chairman,
a speech in
American
repudiate
senate dem
Farm Bureau
Chester Gray, lobby -
ist, asserting that Gray
posed by the
mittee as a the
senator re
with the
A880
cause, The
viewed
Tennessee
Gray's
ciation, me
bid
now
lican national
(SO CRESSMAN SNELL'S
tion for the appointment
of a joint congressional and executive
commission to study the question of
giving the President power to draft
man power and capital in event of
war was passed by the house without
a record vote.
Approval of the measure after five
hours of acrimonious debate was fea-
tured by a signal victory for labor
interests opposed to the conscripting
of workingmen for Industrial pur-
poses in wartime, In its original form
the Snell measure provided for a
study of labor conscription as well as
the drafting of industry and man
power in event of war. So much op-
position developed to the labor phase
of the Inquiry that an amendment was
finally adopted stipulating that the
commission “should not consider and
resolu
call
of conscripting labor.”
VER production of wheat in the
Northwest may be checked If the
farmers take kindly to the plan put
forward by Chairman Legge of the
farm board at the suggestion of Dr,
J. L. Coulter, chief economist of the
tariff commission. The plan is for
the farmers to exchange part of their
seed wheat to the farm board for flax,
barley, rye and oats for planting this
year. Coulter, loaned to the farm
board, started on a two weeks’ tour
of the wheat belt to try to put the
scheme into effect. He hopes to cut
the wheat acreage In Minnesota and
the Dakotas by two million acres.
It is forecast by the Millers’ Na-
tional federation that the United
States’ carry-over of the present crop
into the new crop year on July 1 will
be close to that of a year ago. The
carry-over this year is estimated at
243,200,000 bushels, compared to 245.
000,000 bushels on hand last July 1,
the forecast states,
V/ ATEVER else comen out of the
London naval conference, there
is to be a threepower limitation
agreement. It was officially announced
at American delegation headquarters
Thursday that the American, British
and Japanese were In complete accord.
The Americans and British, at a
meeting with the Japanese at St
James’ palace, indicated acceptance of
the Japanese reservations, The only
points to be settled are details relat.
ing to Japanese reservations on the
scrapping and replacing of ships In
order to Keep their dockyards work.
ing. It was sald there would he no
factor of difficulty in any of the Jap-
anese reservations. The Reed-Mat-
sudaira formula had previously been
accepted by the Japanese government
with four reservations which were
considered merely technical,
With this highly encouraging basis
to ‘go on, the delegates went ahead
with thelr negotiations designed to
satisfy the security pact demands of
France in the high hope that the
French and Itallans could be brought
into accord with the other powers
for the adoption of a five-power
treaty. Italy was asked to join with
Great Britain and France in a mutual
security arrangement affecting the
Mediterranean, and conversations
were continued concerning how far
the British should go In guaranteeing
France against Prime
Minister MacDonald has given pariia-
ment that Britain
will new military com-
8, but it was hoped the French
could be
plenary =
REETeSs Ion.
assurance Great
undertake no
satisfied
ne
waion of
for Friday
that Bri
continue
scheduled iitely
and Hen-
thelr sear
to both thel
postponed £0 ind
derson might h
for a formula neceptable r
for
governmoent
when it was f
tasia Tchal
the youngest
tussian czar
the
Was
3 claims
daughter of the
Nicholas II, 1}
stayed visitor's
she permitted to enter the coun
try Imm
order her expul
ther could be done
permit
The boreau could
rration
Bion,
about it, for there
is no place to which she could be
deported. There are already outstand-
ng papers for the deportation of some
700 undesirable Russian natives, but
since 1921 the Russian government has
declined to receive any of them. They
cannot be landed in other countries,
so here they remain,
ILLIAM T., COSGROVE. whose
resignation as president of the
executive council of the Irish Free
State pariiament was forced by an
adverse vote, was reelected by the
dail eireann by a vote of 80 to 65,
Eamon de Valera and T, J. O'Con-
nell were first proposed for the place
and were defeated decisively after a
long and bitter debate.
R. OTTO BRUENING, the new
chancellor of Germany, has
formed a ministry which has a good
chance to last for some time, although
it Includes no Socialists. A motion
of no confidence in the cabinet, pro-
posed by the Socialists and Com
munists, was defeated, 252 to 187,
because the Nationalists, who hold the
balance of power In the reichstag, re
fused to support it. ‘If the govern-
ment had fallen Chancellor Bruen
ing, with the consent of President von
Hindenburg, would have dissolved
the reichetag. He gained the friend.
ship of the Nationalists by promising
a generous farm relief program,
¥Y THE big majority of 530 to 05
the French chamber of deputies
ratified the Young reparations plan
and authorized President Doumergue
to sign this final act for liquidation
of the World war and for the evacua-
tion of the Rhineland. The closing
day of the debate was quiet, despite
warnings of the Nationalists that with.
drawal of French troops from the
Rhineland would release another Ger
man invasion,
ILLIAM GREEN, president of
the American Federation of La-
bor, told the senate Interstate come
merce committee that 3,700,000 wage
earners were unemployed in February,
losing a total of $400,000,000 In wages,
Workless wage earners lost at least
£1.000000000 In wages during the
first three months of this year, he
added.
“One billion dollars’ worth of
wealth,” sald Mr. Green, “created by
our wage earners and spent for the
products and the services of our In.
dusgtries in three months, would un
doubtedly be more than sufficient to
turn the tide of business from reces-
gion to advance.”
Unemployment In the ranks of the
federation has not fallen below 0 per
cent of the total membership In the
lust 27 months, according to Ar.
Green,
(@. 1920, Western Newspaper Union.)
v’
Heme Ownership Makes
for Superior Citizenship
The lure inher.
min
to own a home Is u
of the average
the desire
mind
and woman as to live,
und his
against
for himself
of protection
and
iden
come So fixed in
of the : individual it
a matter of pride to own a home,
It Is this ever-mounting pride of
that has resulted in the
changes that take place in our larger
American cities. We see neighborhoods
to create
danger the
of home has
the mind
becomes
that the hers
indelibly
wvernge
home great
once looked upon as beautiful residen-
tial centers. The style of the homes
wis the Iatest, But In a few
years we see these sections ahandoned
original owners,
moved to other sections,
once
have
and
who
newer
The older sections are
with a citizenship which
from some other sections
perl.aps less desirable, and so on. The
endless desire to own a home which
can be looked upon with pride hy its
owner goes on and on
Statisties prove home ownership
usually leads to more happiness nnd
better citizenship. For it Is pointed
out that usually when n man owns
a home he is pretty dependable and
reliable,
modern,
filled
moved
Trees Have Large Place
over of
Colonel Sherrill Is a
that a
will make for the he
of its citizens. He
to repose authority
and cared fur tl
Creve: possible, nl
No gift
~
trees
¥
LION eS
pinnte d
of nrevis
i
resolved tr
and preserve
ra
practical
virons are
ul In the world
of artistie
Inndsca pes
wooded views the
reaching rivers But
and natural
need not be restricted to our |
other lovelines
guous urhan terrain Wh
remain drab,
harmony
Air-Marking Towns
The problem of getting
marked Is qui
'
fowns
tant. It is one
branch of
that the
the Department of Com
undertook the coordination of commer
cial aviation enterprise.
from wasted, It has resulted in the
sir-marking of several hundred com
munities,
Cross-country flying. however. has
attained such a volume that it be
comes obvious that the problem will
not be fully solved until every ham
let, village, town and city points ite
name skyward, Consequently, rein
forcing the efforts of the Commerce
department branch, other agencies
have thrown thelr concerted energies
into the solution of the problem.
Proper Building Important
The architectural design and stroe-
tural efliciency of office and factory
buildings as well u8 homes have an
Important bearing on the health of
America, notes the American Archi
tect, commenting editorially on the re
cent estimate that the nation’s annual
loss from (liness approximates $15.
“There are fewer greater causes of
sickness than lack of ventilation, poor
lighting, drafts and other such pre
ventable factors,” says the magazine,
pointing out that false economy on
the part of owners who Insist on cheap
construction often results in loss of
workers’ time of far greater valine
than the amount saved by reducing
construction expense,
No Need to Fear Upkeep
“Upkeep” is a word often pronounced
with the peculiar solemnity that once
belonged to “mortgage,” implying »
mysterious and fearful something, To
the imprudent it hangs over the homes
lke an evil spirit, But the foresighted
know the truth. They know that It
isn’t upkeep that costs, but failure te
upkeep.
Good Plan First Need
The secret of the successful house,
If there is a secret, Is in its plan,
First the plan and then a house, If a
house Is well planned, an impressive
exterior in any period or style desired
cnn easily be adapted to it,
What, Careless?
The per capita cost of fires In the
inited States Is at least three times
that of any other country. The aver
age ennual Joss during the last five
years hag been well over $500,000,000,
~Country Home,
mS re
of modern agriculture, as both her
and her granddam are calf club
Plum, a calf club boy of Walnut, Ill.
work for the past six years.
who has been prominent in calf club
cultural instructor who has
his Holstelns,
Holsteins, only 4 of which
The addition of 8
from his herd is now
addi }
addition, the
milk
of Logs’ Value
Timber Sold From |
Farm at Less Than Its
Worth to Buyer.
timber is
» board fool
Inaccurate Scales Used
T he
scale which has been
used in
alled the Doyle,
ner, or Buckeye log rule,
gives two sets of results, both of them
hen applied to large logs
applied to small logs, Dean
other agric: al commod
as well as nn ctured prod-
are marketed an accurate
and Dean
fnearures
applied to the timber
owledge of their vol
more accurate
Too Much for Small Logs.
“One of the chief dificulties with
for
and little
says Dean,
logs from 8 to
yield from 00
board feet of
logs, too
“Consequently, small
20 Inches In diameter
to 150 per cent more
ioamber than the scale shows Large
logs, 30 to 40 inches through, yield
decidedly less lumber than the scale
calls for. The Doyle rule was fairly
sccurate when applied to the virgin
forests where the saw logs were of a
size larger than those usually cut now.
Today a large percentage of the saw
logs taken from second-growth timber
are less than 20 inches In diameter,
and the rule Is not accurate when ap-
plied to these logs”
ERERERRRERRERFREREEERLRRERAED
Agricultural Notes
FHT RN RANA
No farm Is well managed without
record of its business,
* » *
When transplanting do not let the
roots of plants lie open to the hot
sun or to the drying influence of the
wind.
* * *
When watering the garden artificial
ly, an occasional liberal application is
more effective than frequent light wa-
terings. Late afternoon or evening is
the best time.
- * *
A soil mulch reduces evaporation of
soll moisture, but careful tests in both
western Canada and the prairie states
indicate that a =oll mulch retards the
penetration of water from rain,
- - .
The first thing to do about the 1930
fertilizer order is to think, What do
your fields need most, and why, and
what can you do to save on the fer-
tilizer bill and still get results?
- » -
The American public is eating more
vegetables. Proof of this statement is
shown by the Increase In production
of such humble garden crops as car
rots, turnips, and beets. Within five
years, carrot production has jumped
from three to six million bushels,
- * .
Equipment for handling the farm
garden has been so much improved, and
yet simplified, that one machine may
be used to seed all vegetables either
In rows or hills, and to weed, mulch
and cultivate, simply by using differ.
ent attachments which fit a wheel and
kandle frame.
Making Alfalfa Hay
Without Losing Food
Unless Farmer Saves Leaves
Cow Is Big Loser.
ts have proven that when
ig exposed to rain it loses
the crude protein, 41
nitrogen-free-extract,
00 per cent of
per cent of the
J per cent of the fat. The total
to I
per cent of the
matier of ]
the The
age Is even great for the
nis lost are the most soluble and
hence the part of the
food el
Early cut hay contains a higher per-
centage of protein,
most digestible
nents
but the early cut-
ting may lmpair future stands. Time
of cutting deserves much planning so
as to get good quality of hay as well
as maintain a good stand.
Chicken’s Ills Easier
Prevented Than Cured
Correct housing conditions and the
feeding of cod liver oll will forestall
certain common ailments of hens, ail-
ments such as colds, roup and laying
paralysis, which are much more easily
prevented than cured, advises Miss
Cora Cooke, extension poultry special-
ist, University farm, St. Paul.
Having housing conditions right is
the most important means of controll-
ing common colds or roup, Miss Cooke
says. It is especially necessary to
avoid overcrowding. A house 18 by
30 feet is large enough for 160 Leg-
horns, or 120 Rocks. More than one
Leghorn for each three square feet, or
one Rock to each four square feet, is
almost certain to lead to colds or
roup.
Good ventilation, without drafts, is
a second important condition. The
usual straw loft house, or a well
insulated shed roof house with front
ventilation should be satisfactory.
However, the conditions within the
house should be the test. Unless the
alr In the poultry house is fresh and
free from the odor of ammonia, the
ventilation needs correcting. Damp
litter ix another indication of improp-
er ventilation. Although the litter
should be changed as often as It be-
comes damp, the ventilation should be
such that frequent changes wil! not be
necessary,
Legume Hay for Lambs
Is of Big Importance
The Purdue experiment station re.
ports results which show the im
portance of legume hay for lambs
Two hundred lambs were divided into
two lots and turned Into a field of
well-matured corn which also had a
light stand of matured soy beans. One
lot was given no extra feed, while the
second lot received a pound of soy
bean hay per lamb per day. The sec
ond lot gained a little over nine pounds
in 40 days, while the first lot gained
only a little over three pounds per
lamb in 40 days. In other words, the
second lot returned approximately six
pounds of gain for the extra 40 pounds
of soy bean hay, which Is of course
an especially good return for hay, In
addition to this, the lambs were de-
cidedly thrifty, while those in the first
lot were not at all growthy.