The
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By ELMO SCOTT WATSON
NE hundred and four years
ago this month there took
place on the Virginia side
of the Potomac river one
of the strangest duels in
he history of the Amer-
{can code duello. It was
between a member of the
United States senate,
John Randolph of Virginia, and Henry
Clay of Kentucky, secretary of state,
Back of the duel lay the conflict be
tween two political theories, those of
President John Quincy Ada
ported by Clay, and those of a future
President, Andrew Jackson, supported
by Randolph. But the immediate cause
of the duel was a speech which Ran-
dolph had made in the senate.
The debate which produced this
speech of minor importance. It
had to with a resolution calling
for the production of certain docu-
ments. But Randelph made it the oe-
for such a vitriolic
only he could make, He assailed
paying
tention to the “close
of the austere, correct
Adams with the frequently
incessantly gambling Clay,” and end-
ing up with famous words: “I
was defeated horse, foot and dragoons
ms, sup-
Was
do
casion speech as
administration, at-
in it
partict
association
and
drunken,
these
coalition of Blifii (Adams)
George (Clay)—by the
unheard of till then, of
with the blackleg™
Heretofore Clay had ignored the
whispering campaign against him, based
on his drinking and his gambling. But
and Black
combination,
the Puritan
this was a denunciation which he |
could not disregard. He c |
Randolph to a duel and
the affair got the excitement in
Washington was tremendous. Thomas
Hart Benton, senator of Missouri, by
permission of the principals, was al-
lowed to attend the duel which was
held on the afternoon of April 8, 1824.
Noted for his eccentricity and run-
ning true to form, even on the duel-
ling field, Randolph appeared for the
encounter with a white flannel wrap-
per over his Despite fact
that his seconds had “haired” the trig-
ger of his pistol, he insisted upon
keeping on a palr of thick buckskin
gloves even though these would
stroy his delicacy of touch and per-
haps cause him to fire before the word
was given. And that is exactly what
happened. As he stood holding his pis-
tol, muzzle downward, it was dis-
charged. Clay's seconds Immediately
protested but Clay silenced them and
demanded that his opponent be given
another pistol.
When the word was given both men
fired but neither shot took effect. al-
hough Randolph's bullet nearly struck
Clay In the and Clay's bullet
passed close to Randolph's walst. Ben-
ton immediately rushed in and tried
to stop the fight, but Randolph angrily
efused. He had determined to make
a grand gesture and was willing to |
imperil his life to make it. So the
pistols were reloaded and again the
men fired. The secretary of state put
his bullet through the senator's cont,
but the latter purposely fired high in
the alr over Clay's head. At this, Clay
rushed forward with outstretched
Land. “I trust In God, my dear sir, you
are untouched. After what has oc-
curred, I would not have harmed you
for a thousand worlds!” he exclaimed.
“You owe me a coat, Mr. Clay,” re
plied Randolph with a smile,
The whole affair is characteristic of
John Randblph of Roanoke, for surely
he was the strangest American of his
tire and perhaps of all time. Gerald
W. Johnson in a recent biography of
him, published by Minton, Balch and
Company, calls him “A Political Fan-
tastic” and perhaps “fantastic” is a
more apt word than either “eccentric”
or “strange” when applied to his life,
both private and political,
Declaring that “he has come down
in history with one of the most terri
ble reputations ever attached to an
Amerlean politician who never was
convicted of murder, or treason or
theft.” the blographer points out that
he was In public life for a third of a
century, during which he served as a
congressman and Jefferson's floor:
leader in the house of representatives,
4s a senator from Virginia, as ambas-
sador to Russia, as a member of the
constitutional convention of Virginia
and on many commissions and spe-
cial missions. But, he declares, he Is
hallenged
as word of
out
coat. he
de-
leg
wot remembered for these services.
oH 5 Ki aos i
JOHN RAPDOLPH — A CON-
TZPTPORARY BRITISH CARTOON
Rather Randolph's reputation lives be-
cause he carried “the wickedest tongue
that hung in the head an
American congressman, or at any rate,
in the head of one who had both the
and the wit to
Many Americans can
day when
of
ever
use it.”
remember
courage
tl e
invective, with all its syn-
onyms of abuse, reproach, railing, cen-
sure, sarcasm, satire and vituperation
were an part of the
equipment of the politician. But of all
er them, Randolph was
acknowledged master,
he says:
indispensable
who ev used
the
Johnson,
intimates
when
No man sinc
little dogs and all,
Blanch and
bark at
we since had invective as
12 metaphor whi
to have used
, but which he
Edward Livingston }
citizens, he I# a man of splendic il
ities, but utterly corrupt I.ike rotten
mackerel by moonlight, he shines and
stinka™ His characterizatic of John
Quincey Adams and Clay as “Blin! and
orge-~the Puritan and the
hardly needed the duel
Sweetheart,
me!"
Although John Randolph
on me” Johnson cites
brilliant sallies.
some
to the depraved condition
nature.” Of Robert Wright and John
lea (Ray) he said that the
of representatives had two anomalies:
“A Wright always wrong and a Rae
without a light.” Once a new member,
elected to fill a vacancy in the house
caused by a death, attacked Randolph,
who ignored It at the time. Later,
however, while discussing a bill In
which the dead congressman had been
much interested Randolph remarked
that this bill has lost much in the
death of his dear friend, Mr.
“whose seat remains vacant”
When Richard Rush was appointed
secretary of the treasury, the gentle
man from Virginia declared that
“Never were abilities so much below
mediocrity so well rewarded: no, not
when Caliguia’s horse was made Con-
sul.” Of a certain pedantic individual
he sald that his mind was like a parcel
of land which he knew-—poor to begin
with and made more barren by too In-
tensive cultivation. “Denouncing me?"
he demanded when a friend told him
that a certain person had attacked
him. “That is strange. 1 never did
him a favor.” One day he met an en-
emy on the narrow sidewalks of Wash-
ington. The man halted in the middle
of the walk and belligerently declared
“I never step out of my way for pup-
ples.” “1 always do,” replied Ran-
dolph, stepping aside, “Pass on!"
But Randolph's place In history is
much more significant than that of a
mere coiner of epigrams, according to
his blographer, who declares that he
was “the most powerful single influ.
ence in transforming the South from
the nourishing mother of the repub-
lie into the frantic opponent of the
republic” and while “it would be far
too much to say that John Randolph
of Roanoke diverted the spirit of
southern statecraft from the philos-
ophy of Thomas Jefferson to that of
Jefferson Davis; it Is Incontestably
true that he witnessed that transition
and that he assisted it.” It seems
strange perhaps that the man who
was “admittedly the first orator in a
congress that included Webster, Clay
and Calhoun,” should be remembered
mainly because of his violence of ae
tion and vitaperation of speech. For,
says Johnson:
John Fandolph of Roanoke was a
strong man and he contended might.
THE CENTRE
THE
YA THT UZ
RANDOLPH ~
PAINTING BY
GILBERT STUART
a —
it
JEN
Eg] ih
BY
were
human
8 ¥ dared
apponenta
for
y of Th
the
Marshall,
firat
his coruscs
Hliance
degre
man nt.
the
purple,
he
the
Was a
by fatal . heir of
of Usher. Born to
uth, charming
the
equ
life that
had
neure his happiness and his
prospects ware all
Instead of primre his
rith stones and
his fair
ren,
e he trod wi
ory everlasting, but
ness and death
tion which Ran
BSE «
f scarlet
fic
at the
an attack o
fever, changed the whole course of
his life and made him an embittered,
frustrated man. To the end of his days
ff nine.
following
Ed
ance, beardless, with a shrill, high-
pitched voice. This fact, coupled with
the statement that he was “the
aristocrat. 1 love
only
“I am an
hate equality”
of
Justice and
ment
Aac-
the picture of the man who was John
Randolph of Roanoke. “When he was
over forty a spectator in the house
gallery was dumfounded at
floor, and whom he had believed to be
about sixteen, was the great Mr. Ran.
dolph of Virginia.”
The resuit of this afMiction was in-
evitable, “Here was an intensely proud
member of A proud race, a man who
cherished his lineage above all his
material possessions, a man to whom
the family was not merely a sacred,
but a downright awe-inspiring institu-
tion, deprived of the privilege of con-
tinuing his family,” writes Johnson.
“Here was a scornful man doomed
forever to be the target of the shafts
of the scornful. Here was a romantic
man ridiculously debarred from am-
orous romance. Here was a man whose
finest quality, perhaps, was his capac
ity for unflagging devotion to the dom-
estic interests of his kin, denied the
possibility of setting up a domestic
establishment of his own. It is In.
conceivable that this frustration, this
profound humiliation should have
falled to work out in bitterness of
spirit.”
So John Randolph of Roanoke, who
had in him the elements of greatness,
Just missed greatness, If he had not
been such a strong man, his story
would be a pathetic one. His “own
people have remembered him with a
curious mixture of terror, pride and
wild delight. For, dark as is his story,
on occasion it glitters and sparkles
as does that of no other American of
any generation. It is the story of a
fighting man of the breed of Roland,
and no one who Is stirred by a tale
of a warrior who lays about him with
a right good will ean fail to be stirred
by Randolph. But it a above all else
a fantastic tale, frequently verging
upon the grotesque. The Incredibly,
long, incredibly lean figure was Don
Quixote to the life; but John Ran-
dolph’s own were the glittering eyes,
and the almost fabulous forefinger
with which he seemed to transfix a
shivering opponent”—this, the strung
est American,
Poultry Disease
Easy to Control
Of Much Importance to Pre-
vent Coccidiosis at
Start of Season.
Coccldiosls, which is caused by a
protozoan parasite which infests the
Intestinal walls, can be controlled, in
a measure, by ralsing chicks on clean
grounds. The organism can live in
the soll for some time unless this soil
Is tilled and kept free from poultry in
alternating years, at least, and for this
reason chicks should be ralsed on
ground that has not been frequented
by chicks or older birds the year pre
vious, treatment for this dis-
ense Is rather difficult, it is far more
Important to prevent it at the start of
the chick brooding season, than to at-
tempt to cure It later In the summer
or early fall,
Thorough scrubbing of the brooding
equipment and brooder house, along
vith the other steps in the ZIresh
ground method of brooding chicks, will
also prove valuable alds in controlling
the spread of bacillary white diarrhea
among the chicks, Keeping the chicks
Since
of their Jives and feeding all of the
sour milk or buttermilk that they care
to drink, are two other steps that go
disease in the chick flock.
Other Diseases Succumb,
Fowl cholera and fowl typhoid are
two other diseases that succumb quick.
ly In the face of a fresh ground brood-
Ing program. The former disease usu-
elly causes rather sudden death and Is
as is the latter,
As In the case of other diseases, pre.
vention Is to be recommended in pref
Clean grounds for the
incurable,
and with
ouses and yards wh they
ore
. ahi 14
be able to PECK up
Tuberculosis is another disease that
itrolled very effectively by
chicks on fresh ground.
cannot Inherit this dis.
, contrary to the opinion of a num-
breeders who feel th
is trans from par
offstpring, Since this Is true,
mitted
or show serious
Bae
fresh ground program fits into the
and at
owner
tid of the tuberculosis losses in
his flock.
Thorough Cleaning.
In starting a fresh ground chick rals-
Ing program this spring, plans should
made to extend the program over a
An-
other step that Is essential to suceess
thor ugh
broader house a
of tuberculosis
effects of the disease se of this
the same time ennbles the flock
long period of time, as suggested.
| 1 : : ow
ian is the cieaning
Fie “oy
srooding
with the ;
of the
equipo boiling,
of de.
and disease germs,
the only
worms aft.
water is very good method
stroying worm eggs
Boiling
agent that will de wy the
water is practically
This serubbing solution should be
but also to the drinking fountains,
feeders, hovers and all other equip.
A thorough scrubbing of part
will be of
time they
are placed in the brooder
Thoroughness Is essential to success
Profit to Many Farmers
War against the jack rabbit last
year in the West netted more than
ROO. 000 skins and a profit to farmers
and stockmen, from the gale of the
pelts, of about $2.000,000. Control
operations against injurious rabbits
are conducted by the bureau of blo.
logical survey of the United States
Department of Agriculture. Jack rab-
bits are particularly destructive to al-
falfa, range grasses and fruit trees,
says the bureau. They also destroy
cotton plants in the Southwest, and
In the Northwest ruin large quantities
of stacked hay during the winter,
FREER UTR RRBRER ENR RN RR RR ERR
Agricultural Notes
THR RTH R ERR RR RRR RES
A new harness ordinarily does not
need oiling before being put into serv.
fee,
* oe
Soy beans have the same beneficial
effects on soll as that produced by oth.
er legumes,
. * »
Hogs glean a maximum of profit
from soy bean pasture when It supple.
ments a corn ration,
* » 4
Harness and leather experts gener
ally agree that only animal or vege-
table oils should be used on harness.
* oo »
The fertilizing value of soy beans
compares favorably with that of oth.
er legumes usually grown for green
manure,
* 8 8
Feading plenty of yellow corn to tise
pullets helps to develop firm, meaty
; bodies and store up the energy which
Is helpful in produeing fall and win-
ter eggs without a moult,
5
Size of Containers
mensions of Baskets.
Baskets, hampers, and
act passed by the national congress In
1028, or pretty well everybody
cerned will suffer, jecause the law
svhich fixes the sizes of the containers
was passed by the national congress
stitution—the weights and measures
clause—no other body, state, county,
city or village, can pass laws or or-
dinances which will
use of the baskets established by tha
national law, or legal the use of pack-
the national law.
The standard container act required
eight years to get through CONQress,
where it was introduced early in 1920,
It was drawp at the instance of many.
facturers of haskets and equipment,
and Interests eggaged in commerce
in vegetables and produce, and its re.
has been to 67 per
cent the number of gizes of
hampers and by 50 per cent the pum-
ber of sizes of splint baskets, used in
the marketing of these commodities,
sult decrease by
different
sulted in great savings te the manu-
facturers and users, as well as mak-
ing things simpler for the purchaser,
The law Is sufficiently full of tecth
that prosecutions may be
against nearly all parties
in the use of a container
not fulfill the requirements of the law,
and the containers themselves may be
confiscated and destroyed.
brought
concerned
which does
Practical Advice Given
on Back Yard Poultry
Back Yards”
the series of
“Poultry Keeping in
a popular bulletin in
try publications by the Unites
Department of Agriculture,
al le In
a revised edition for free distribution,
the bt
with
title
primarily
and manage
BURRestS,
concerned bree
ieeqing.
flock
oulitrs
as a hob
The authors, M. A. Jul
Lee, of the bureau of animal
refer frequently to other depa
publications that treat more i
tain phases of poultry keeping.
bulletin off prac
choosing
suggestions
The
and
the
breed, starting the flock, breed in-
cubating, brooding, feeding, sing,
and managing a few birds on the rel.
atively restricted areas usually obtain.
ers simple,
for
concise
munities, They devote some attention
1 breads ar
sither as a
production,
io 1
profitable
"hose Interested may obtain
sgement
1
Yarde™ by
information,
ord cri Hr
Agriculture,
in Back
office of
Department of
.
Pasture Management to
Increase Its Capacity
A system of pasture management
which has increased the carrying ca-
pacity of grass land is being used by
the Nebraska School of Agriculture
at Curtis. The pasture was divided
into two equal parts. The cattle are
kept in one half until the grass begins
to get short, Then they are turned
into the other half, until the grass
there gets short. The grass in the
vacant field thus has an opportunity
to recuperate before the cows are
torned into It again,
Before the practice of rotating the
pasture was started, it was overrun
with weeds and the stand of grass was
thin. Now, although the cattle herd
has been Increased In size, the pasture
has become better. The weeds are
practically gone and the growth of
the grass is much more fuxuriant.-
Apply Fertilizer With
Drill for Best Results
Increased returns from commercial
fertilizer are practically sure when
the material Is applied in drill rows,
or deposited in hills with corn,
When fertilizer is placed In hills the
distributing machine is an attachment
on the ordinary com planter, A sig-
nificant point which a Wisconsin test
revealed is that there are two posi.
tions in which It is advisable to place
the material. These are at both sides
of the hill, or In an arc or oval over
the seed. This Is important because
the commercial product should not
come in direct contact with the corn
kernels,
Dwarf Essex Rape Most
Excellent Hog Pasture
There is nothing that can be sown
in" the spring that will make hog pas.
ture earlier than dwarf essex rape. It
is good policy, In sowing rape for pas.
ture, to put with it some of the coarse
graing and one of the clovers, A mix.
ture of oats and barley In equal pro-
portions, sown at the rate of two bush.
els per acre with three or four pounds
of dwarf essex rape and a couple of
pounds of medium red clover, should
give you a very excellent hog pasture,
The addition of the red clover will
make It last longer than If It is omit.
ted.
hat
slugois
feeling
Put yourself right with nature by
chewing Feen «a. mint. Works mildly
but effectively in small doses. Modern
«= safe — scientific. For the family,
ASK FOR
THE ORIGINAL
__ FOR CONSTIPATION
pee] —
SAVE YOUR BABY
FROM WORMS
The most dangerous ill of
childhood is—worms! You
may not know your child has
them. Disordered stomach,
gritting the teeth, picking the
nostrils are signs of worms.
Take no chances. Give your chil
Frey's Vermifuge tod
safe, vegetable worm 1
has been used for 75 y 3
Frey's Vermifuge st your druggist’s.
Frey’s Vermifuge
Expels Worms
Lots of folks who think they have
“indigestion” Have only an acid
condition which could be corrected
in five or ten minutes. An effec
tive anti-acid like Phillips Milk of
Magnesia soon restores digestion
to normal.
Phillips does away with all that
sourness and gas right after meals
It prevents the $0 apt to
occur two hours after eating. What
a pleasant preparation to take! And
how good it is for the system! Un
like a burning dose of soda—which
is but temporary relief at best—
Phillips Milk of Magnesia neutral
izes many times its volume in acid
Next time a hearty meal, or too
rich a diet has brought on the
least discomfort, try—
distress
Peppery people get scolded onls
behind their backs
Wants All the
World to Know