Benjamin F.
largest antique ever so sold
2—Walter F.
with his model for the
3—Two-thousand-ton elipper ship,
NEWS REVIEW OF
CURRENT EVENTS
Hoover's Prosperity Program
Goes Well—China Asks
Russia Be Checked.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
BY SINESS as usual—and then some.
This appears to be assured by the
responses made to President Hoover's
call and by the programs disclosed in
the series of conferences held in Wash.
ington at his summons. The last. of
these conferences with different groups
was that with the representatives of
public utilities on Wednesday. They
were the spokesmen for the electric
power and light interests, the gas
companies and the street raliways,
and after having held separate meet.
ings in New York to canvass the sitaa-
tion in thelr respective fields, they
went to the National Capital prepared
to assure the President that they, like
the other groups, were ready and will-
ing to assist in his program for stabil
izing business conditions and assuring
the continuance of the country’s pros-
perity. They told him their organiza.
tions would spend "about $1,500,000 in
improvement and expansion during
1930,
Mr. Hoover sent a message to the
governors of all the states asking that
they co-operate by canvassing the
state, municipal and county programs
and speeding up, so far as possible,
public works sc as to further employ-
ment. The responses were most grati-
fying, giving assurance of the expendi.
ture with the next year of hundreds
of millions for road building and
other public improvements. Pennsyl-
vania headed the list of states making
flefinite pledges, announcing that
£155.000,000 would be available in 1930
for roads and public buildings and
that it would be distributed through
out the state with a view to taking up
any employment slack that occurs.
Leaders of farm organizations met
with the President Monday, Secre
tary of Agriculture Hyde and Chair
man legge of the farm hoard being
present. Mr. Hyde announced that
they were in hearty accord with the
Hoover program and promised to aid
it in every possible way, and he added :
“The general opinion expressed was
that confidence has been gaining In
agriculture and that the morale of
agriculture is now better than it has
been for years past. Except in short
crop areas there has been genuine
fmprovement in agriculture and an
increased income, and therefore an
increased buying power this year.”
AILROAD executives having an-
notinced extensive plang for ex-
pansion and improvement ; leading in-
dustrialists having promised there
shall be no reduction in wages. and
heads of organized labor having
pledged their word that there shall be
no demands for Increases in pny next
year; and numerous associations of
manufacturers and merchandisers re
porting good conditions in their fields,
it would seem that the prospects for
continued prosperity are indeed bright,
The nation is determined to show that
the speculation crash has not done
vital damage. Edwarl N. Hurley, one
of Chicago's level headed business
men and a former president of the
Illinois Manufacturers’ association, put
the matter so well that he Is worth
quoting.
“There is nothing wrong with
American business and the outlook for
1030 Is most encouraging,” Mr. Hurley
declared, “We have everything today
that we had on September 1°In the
wny of brains, wealth and earned In.
come. Nothing is gone except some
delusions as to the amount of profits
which American industries might earn
in years to come,
“The deflation of so-called stock
values from about $00,000,000,000 on
September 1 to some $71,000,000,000
now does not represent the disappear
ance of one ounce of material wealth.
Ultimately this ‘loss’ represents a
positive gain, use it will Insure
more and cheaper capital and the in.
sure to earn estravagunt profits which
is exercised by a speculative secur
ties market”
As a culmination of the Presi
dent's conferences, some two hundred
of the country's leading business men
were invited by the Chamber of Com-
merce of the United States to gather
in Washington on December 5. It was
announced that Mr, Hoover would
open this conference, the result of
which was expected to be the forma-
tion of a business council for con
tinuing study of business conditions
and the co-ordination of activities.
A summary of business conditions,
published by the federal reserve board,
reveals a higher industrial activity
during the month of October last than
in the same period of 1028, although
there was 8 decline in both industrial
production and factory employment as
compared with the preceding month
HINA'S Nationalist government
and the governments of the three
eastern provinces of China have ap
pealed to President Hoover, the League
of Nations and the powers signatories
of the Kellogg pact for action to halt
Russia's invasion of Manchuria and
to punish the Soviets for the seizure
of Chinese cities and the massacres
of Chinese citizens. Russia's aggres
sion is termed a deliberate violation
of the Kellogg treaty, which both Rus
sia and China signed. The message
from the Manchurian provinces was
dispatched directly to President
Hoover. It cited many definite in.
stances of Russian Invasions, ralds
and massacres, naming places more
than 100 miles within the border lines,
and added: that If the world tolerates
this Russian policy it means “the tri
umph of Bolshevism and the end of
humanity; also the end of the anti
war pact, which certainly is not the
intention of the United States and
other signatory powers ™ The appeals
from Nanking were equally specific
and urgent.
It was sald In Washington that there
was no indication that the State de
partment would take any immediate
action in response to the call from
Manchuria. And the officials there
were rather at a loss to know what
could be done about it, since the Kel
logg pact contains no sanctions and
depends wholly on public opinion for
its effectiveness,
Within the last two weeks the
Soviet invaders have made decided
advances in both eastern and western
Manchuria, Hallar was captured, as
were Muling and other important
points, and it looked as if the Rus.
sinns were getting ready to close in on
Harbin from both sides. Chinese
troops everywhere were reported to
be retreating almost without offering
resistance, and thousands of them
were made prisoners and disarmed.
Those still in the field were described
as lacking sufficient food, ammunition
and winter clothing.
Japan was ezcited by the push into
Manchuria, for she has many na-
tionals resident there. The Japanese
ambassador to Moscow, Tokichi Ton-
aka, told the Soviet government that
Japan demanded that full protection
be given its citizens In Manchuria,
and Russia promised to exercise every
care. The military group Is very
strong in Japan and there Is some
reason to believe It has been prepar.
ing to have the country eventually
enter the conflict on the side of China.
NE more of the great figures of
the World war—perhaps the
greatest—passed with the death of
Georges Clemenceau, who, as premier,
guided the destinies of France during
the most critical years of the mighty
conflict and by his tremendons cour.
#ige and ability kept his countrymen
nerved to thelr task until victory was
achieved. The old glant—he had
passed his eighty-eighth year--died In
Paris of uremia after many hours of
suffering, and the next day the “Fa-
ther of Victories,” as France called
him when he was its idol, was laid to
rest In a little village of the Vendee
with only a dozen to witness the in.
terment, In accordance with his in.
Junctions there was no state funeral,
por were there any religious rites, for
Clemenceny was ap avowed athelst,
Premier Tardlen, however, ordered all
flags at half staff and the firing of a
salute of 101 guns such as was fired
on November 11, 1018, in honor of the
nice, And the Sunday following
the funeral the World war veterans
-
marched past the tomb of the Un
kpown Soldier In honor of the Tiger
EATH last week also claimeo
Francis Emory Warren, United
States senator from Wyoming, who had
the distinction of serving longer in the
senate than any other man. He was
a member of that body for thirty-sevet
consecutive years. A state funera
for My. Warren was held In the senate
chamber, with President Hoover and
his eabinet, Chief Justice Taft and his
associates of the Supreme court. mem
bers of the senate and hohse and the
Senator Warren's death removes one
of the last three survivors of the Civl
war who held high office In Washing
ton. Warren served In the Unlot
forces with Justice Oliver Wendel
Holmes of the Supreme court. Repre
sentative Charles M. Stedman o
North Carolina served the Confederacy
Another well known American wih
passed away was Raymond Hitchcock
actor and musical comedy star, whe
died suddenly in Los Angeles fron
a heart attack. He bad been in pom
health since last May.
Lieut. George T. Cuddihy, one o
the best pilots in the navy, was in
stantly killed when an airplane whict
he was testing at Washington crashed
Cuddibhy, who was thirty-three years
old, graduated from the Naval acad
emy in 1017, served in the World wm
and later entered the aviation branch
He distinguished himself in the Schnel
der cup and other races, and in 192%
flew over the Andes.
OKYO correspondents sent
what purported to be
mand for a 10-107 ratio In crulse:
ital ships. It
United States would oppose the In
crease of Japan's ratio in cruisers
its delegates had received private in
than 70 per cent of the British anc
American auxiliary navies
France and ltaly were still trying ir
on policy in the conference.
ciple obstacle is that the Italians in
sist on complete parity with Franee it
all categories of warships. The Frenct
oppose this on the ground that Italy
has only Mediterranean interests
while France also requires sea power
in the Atlantic and In the English
channel. The French also oppose giv
ing Italy parity because of France's
widely distributed colonisl empire
whereas Italy's possessions are chiefly
Tripoli and the area facing the Rec
sea.
HE text of the trust agreement for
the Bank of International Settle
ments has been made public by a Paris
correspondent. The principal pro
visions relative to the Issuance and
marketing of bonds are contained lv
article 12, which provides that the In
ternational bank, as trustee, will be
guided in matters relative to mobilize
tion of annuities “by the provisions
of the (Young) plan which goverr
mobilization.” The bank also will in
form the creditor governments when i
seems “practically possible” to pro
ceed with the issuance of bonds.
REATION of five new cardinals
was announced at the Vatican,
bringing the membership of the sacred
college to 02, of whom 83 are non
italiana, The new list incinded the
Most Rev. Joseph MacRory, arch
bishop of Armagh; Msgr. Cerejeira
patriarch of Lisbon; Archbishop Ver
dier of Paris, Archbishop Lavitrane
of Palermo and Archbishop Minoretts
of Genoa.
EN. C. P. SUMMERALL, chief of
staff, In his annual report recom.
mends the enactment of a selective
service law to operate In war time as
the one method of procuring new units
for the “far from complete” infantry
division of the army. In other re
spects the report reflects a generally
satisfactory condition throughout the
army, says the decentralization sys
tem is justified, and that Increased ra
tion allowances have greatly im
proved the morale of the troops.
#3030, Westar NeSapApAr Union.)
#
LIKE HUMAN BEINGS
By GEORGE DORSEY. Ph. D.. LL.D,
Pastcur’'s Tremendous
Discovery
N 1083 their lived a curions Duteh-
mun who ground lenses. He scraped
some tartar from his teeth, mixed it
with water, and examined ft under
his lens. Whit he saw was a more
astounding sight than that which con
fronted Balboa, who, from his peak in
Darien, saw a lot of water. For ages
man had known of the Pacific ocean
and millions of men had salled its
deeps ; Leeuwenhoek, the Delft lens
muker, was the first human being to
gee nn bacterium,
And the world promptly forgot him
and continued for a century and a
half to argue “sponlanecus genera-
tion” and to exorcise devils ns causes
of disease. It remained for Louis
Pasteur (182245) to prove the part
bacteria play In decay, putrefaction,
fermentation, and many other proe.
esseg until then hidden from the ken
of man, Koch, In 1876, proved the
casual relation between the bacillus
anthracis and the disense anthrax,
and In 1882 invented the “solid cul
ture medin™ for the study of bacteria,
Pasteur founded n new sclence—biolo-
gy: Koch revolutionized man’s attl-
tude toward the world and gave the
human race iis first rational theory of
disesnse,
Bacteria are so small that almost
nothing of {their anatomy is known
but their shape, and that changes ac-
rording to circumstances, They not
only vary during thelr life eycle, but
as Individuals: even abnormal and
monstrous forms are found,
Bacteria show amazing vital eapa-
city. They enn defy hours of boliing
water; their spores can resist a tem
perature of 212 degrees. Some sul.
bacteria haunt bor springs In
water at 11 degrees. Some multiply
at freezing point
theria germs will
temperature of Hguld
Tere).
live for days In a
alr (284 below
Some hneteria have heen known
tn defy liquid hydrogen temperature
(404 below zero).
Even more astounding
city to multiply. One
by simple division. The germ of Asi
atic cholera can divide every fifteen
minutes. Within twenty-four hours
one could become TR TUO000, 000,000,
OOOO MNO 000: but the victim is
usually dead in less than twelve hours,
Killed by the toxins of
gious workers, In growing
ing,
erated earbon dioxide, hey
eigners In our system, living at our
expense and leaving their toxie gar
bage for us te eliminate,
The air we breathe and the food we
eat are full of bacterin, and our bady
is covered with them,
ernlly true, but it is true enough to
emphasize the question: why are they
fatal?
For
e. an entire group of bacteria
live on our skin, where they are harm
A scratch or a pin prick opens
the skin. Now they are inside our
but the only damage may be a
1 pimple. Bolle are usually not
contagious and rarely fatal. Some.
are. It all depends.
brings us
first, that there are many
immunity-—and back of all
principle: I am
mune or 1 am not, If |
enteh it, 1 am not immune;
or caieh it,
go dows with It
words, there are
whieh
is thelr capa-
becomes (wo
these
not always and more promptly
fous,
Which up to
sane
take it or
if 1 do not
resistance against infection :
ger, thirst, fatigue,
tremes of heat and
variable factors,
Even different strains
vary In thelr intensity : diphtheria and
influenza, for example, There are
mild epidemics, there are severe epl-
demics. Agnin, certain diseases seem
to predispose toward invasion by the
germs of other diseases. Acute tuber
culogis may follow wn
mensies ; streptococci
age, hun.
cold, are such
of bacteria
may
bacilli, Typhold fever and pneumonin,
diphtheria and scarlet fever, syphilis
and gonorrhen, are well known com-
binntions of diseases,
Trypanosoma, the germ of sleeping
glekness, is carried by flies from ani.
mal to animal, The disease Is almost
ren larly fatal,
By having gmallpox we acquire im-
munity from smallpox, also by vacci
nation. Against typhoid, from plague
and Asiatic cholera, we acquire ime
munity by vaccination with dead bae-
terfan—"cultures.” With a secretion
(or excretion) of living bacterin we
aeguire immunity from diphtheria. In
other words, we become actively im.
mine by Incorporating inte our body
“live, virulent bacterin, less virulent
bacteria, dead bacteria, bacterial se
cretion, or bacterial products from
broken-down, dead bacteria.” An antl
bacterial serum Is a protective; an
antitoxin serum is a curative,
Much is known of the “how” of im-
munity, almost nothing of the “why.”
Quinine is specific death for malaria
germs; ipecacuanba for the ameba
which enuses nmeble dysentery. 'os
siily echanlmoogra oll Is a specific
cure for leprosy; dsphenamin (“000”),
for syphilis, relapsing fever, and
saws; atoxsl, for sleeping sickness,
The list of specific cures is pitiably
small yet. Bacteriology Is new, im
munology Is newer,
16 by Gvorge A. Dorsey.
GASOLINE LEVY
IS DEDUCTIBLE
Tax in Various States Yields
Total of $375,000,000.
The gasoline tax is deductible In
filing Income tax returns where the
Inuguage of the state law specifically
lists It 5s a tax on the consumer, nc-
cording to a bulletin issued by the
egal department of the Chicago Mo-
tor club,
The bulletin pointed out that it is
tlear that the consumer always pays
the tax, regatciess of the wording of
‘the law; therefore, the consumer
should be allowed a deduction in all
nstances,
Interpretation of Law.
“However,” continued the bulletin,
‘the bureau has put a strict interpre
tion or the state gusoline tax laws
n the rulings already made. Conse-
juently, in states where the bureau
‘ules that the gasoline tax applies to
‘he dealer, the only remedy remain
ng for those states Is to amend and
slarify the state gasoline tax laws so
that the language of the act specifica)
¥ levies the gas tax on the consamer
“The gasoline tax in force in the
sarious states this year will yield a
wtal of approximately S375,000000,
which, if construed as a tux on the
sonsumer in the various states, would
tmount to a considerable saving to the
notoring public,
Tax Deductible.
Jd. H. Braun, general counsel for tho
slub, declared that the bureau of In.
ternal revenue has already ruled that
the gas tax Is deductible under an
nterpretation of the laws of Dela
Kentucky, Michigan, Missouri,
and Vir
other hand, if the tax
nart of the
Jusiness expense of the owner of such
motor vchicles, It ennnot be deducted
separately as a tax.
The motor club attorney asserted
that decisions have also been rendered
oy the burean with respect to the
states of Colorado, Connecticut, Mary
land and Obklo, holding that under its
Interpretation of the gasoline tax laws
3f these states, the tax is levied
the dealer, and therefore Is
not ible by the consumer in
filing his Income tax returns,
On the
deduct
Proper Care Will Make
Tires Last Much Longer
Tires, among the most neglected of
ill motorcar essentials, can be made
lo render remarkably greater efficiency
with improved economy, by systematie
This point, often
smphasized by tire engineers, has been
sonclusively proved in _a year's test,
results of which have been computed.
On a metropolitan bus fleet
a for the test, a saving of 448 bus
tires with a total of 7.213500 tire
miles, at an average of 20.947 miles to
the tire, was affected, according to the
data available
Under the care of an expert tire
man the tire mileage of this entire
fleet is declared to have been in
creased 67 per cent in one year and
records for the first three months of
select.
The tire expert took
charge of tire inspection and tire care
nt the beginning of 1027, it was ex-
plained.
A A A a a a ee
AUTOMOBILE FACTS
PPP ePLVLVLLLL PVP POVerl
A front-wheel drive is being put on
the market by an Indiana car manu
Combining this with the
back-seat drive will give It nice bal-
ance,
It is, estimated If all the automo
end, some hot dog stands wouldn't do
their present loca.
tions,
* = »
A tourist back from abroad says
sou have to speak very distinctly to
traffic officers on the Continent. Many
of them do not understand broken
English,
Pew Simple Traffic Rules
Will Make Travel Safer
selieving that the eareful observa-
tion of a few simple trafic rules will
materially help In making travel safer
on the highways the United States
National Chamber of Commerce has
prepared the following recommenda.
tions for drivers of automobiles:
1. Always remember you are
gineer, fully responsible,
2. Always test your bakes when
starting and have them Inspected fre-
quently,
8. Never pass a strebt ear when It
Is stopping, or if the law permits, pro-
ceed very slowly past it at the legal
distance,
an en-
4. Exercise especial eare In crossing
in front of a street ear or in passing
it, as you cannot tell what may be
coming on the other side
5. Always signal with hand
slowing down, turning er stopping,
even though you have an automatic or
mechanical warning device.
6. Look before you back and
the horn three times,
7. Try to drive with using the horn
as little as possible. A sudden noise
may stop pedestrians in their tracks
rathér than wgrning them.
8. Don't count too much on the com-
mon sense of the other fell No
one is 100 per cent alert all the time,
9. Drive slowly in streets where
children are playing. Remember your
own childhood.
10. Cross crossings eautiously.
ing bells may be out of order, wa
men or gate operators n
when
sound
nw,
Warn-
teh
duty.
iickly as yom
cond to avoid stall
ay be off
Trains cannot stop as q
can. Shift into sec
ing on tracks,
Youngest Executive in
Automotive Industry
Harlow H. Curtice, who has just
been appointed president and general
manager of the AC Epark Veg
pany of Fiint, Mica, Is
youngest, if not the yo
chief executives in the a
dustry.
Mr
Starting in
com-
the
ma jor
utomoblle in-
one of
yr erat
INEes],
Curtice 's thirty-six sears old
the accounting department
16 years ago, he succ
Harlow H. Curtics.
pied th tions of comptroller, as
sistant manager, and vice president
and assistant general manager.
He is head of one of the largest
automohile accessory companies in the
world with branch factories in France
and England and employing 5.000 per.
sons. The made by these
plants are estimated to be In use on
90,000,000 automobiles today. Mr,
Curtice succeeds Basil W. de Guichard,
one of the pioneers in the industry,
who resigned because of §il health,
¢ posi
p sro 115
Shock for Men
Here's a shock for men drivers!
A recent survey conducted in 30
states showed that cnly 5 per cent
of all accidents were due tc womens
driving cars
it was also found that on a- aver
age more women drivers bring in thei
cars at regular intervals for mechan
feal checkup which includes brake in
spection. This, It is held, practically
eliminated mishaps to the failure of
a vital part of their cars. Drakes are
often overlooked.
NEW GENIUS BUILDS
now perfected a
the auto